DOCSLIB.ORG

Sexual Disorders: New and Expanded Proposals for the DSM-5—Do We Need Them?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sexual Disorders: New and Expanded Proposals for the DSM-5—Do We Need Them? ANALYSIS AND COMMENTARY: SPECIAL SECTION Sexual Disorders: New and Expanded Proposals for the DSM-5—Do We Need Them? Howard Zonana, MD The sexual disorders in the current and proposed DSM contain a potpourri of categories that increasingly intersect with the criminal justice system. Caveats saying the DSM is designed for clinical and not legal purposes notwithstanding, our classification system has difficulty distinguishing what we consider criminal behavior from culturally unacceptable behavior and mental disorder. Several current proposals continue this trend and seem more responsive to criminal justice concerns than mental illness considerations. They also lack sufficient specificity to warrant being called a disorder. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 39:245–9, 2011 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition tions by 20 state legislatures. Mental health profes- (DSM-5) work group preparing for the next edition sionals (psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, is proposing several changes to the American Psychi- and nurses) are involved in preparing reports and atric Association (APA) Classification of Mental Dis- testifying at the hearings at the end of an inmate’s orders in the Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders sentence to see if he meets the criteria for judicial category. The proposals have been the subject of two consideration of his status as a SVP. well-attended presentations at the American Acad- The second trend relates to the federal and state emy of Psychiatry and the Law at each of the annual law enforcement that targets pedophiles and those meetings in 2009 and 2010. The sentiment of the who download child pornography from the Internet. forensic psychiatrists who attended was decidedly Targeting is based on the idea that people who down- negative for many of the proposals discussed in this load these images have already, or soon will, become commentary. child abusers. Accompanying the arrest and prosecu- Forensic psychiatrists have become increasingly tion of these offenders, longer prison sentences have involved with the group of sexual disorders over the been added to the federal sentencing guidelines and past 20 years because of at least two trends. The first state statutes (e.g., the Arizona Supreme Court up- is related to the sexually violent predator (SVP) laws held a sentence of 200 years for the possession of 20 permitting civil commitment of convicted sex of- photographs of children deemed to be child pornog- fenders at the end of their prison sentences, if they raphy, 10 years for each picture, with the sentences to meet very low thresholds for having some mental be served consecutively). Again, mental health pro- condition that may make them a future risk for sex- fessionals become involved either at the plea negoti- ually violent and aggressive behavior. These statutes ating or presentencing phases of the criminal process. have been deemed constitutional by the U.S. Su- preme Court and have been passed with small varia- Conceptual Difficulties Dr. Zonana is Professor of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Med- icine, and Adjunct Clinical Professor of Law, Yale Law School, New Before we get into the details of the proposals, a Haven, CT. Address correspondence to: Howard Zonana, MD, Yale short detour into some of the underlying conceptu- Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health, Center, 34 alizations of mental disorders is useful in understand- Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519. E-mail: howard.zonana@ yale.edu. The author acknowledges fiscal support from Connecticut’s ing the present conflicts. For the past 150 years, our Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services. society has developed institutions for those who have Disclosures of financial or other potential conflicts of interest: None. been classified as deviant: we have had asylums for Volume 39, Number 2, 2011 245 New Proposals for Sexual Disorder in DSM-5 the mentally ill and intellectually disabled, prisons below represent possible disorders. We do that with for those who have broken our laws, and juvenile IQ and call two standard deviations below the mean courts for younger people who misbehave. The indicative of a disability. On the other hand, we do boundaries are frequently overlapping so that the dis- not call those above by the same amount disordered; tinction between the mad and the bad remains a blur we value them as having special abilities. Such nor- for many individuals and many are treated or con- mative choices have an intuitive appeal, but may be- fined in multiple institutions. come contaminated by cultural values or arbitrary The DSM has not directly addressed the relation- norms. Normative scales are also more likely to gen- ship between criminality, deviant behavior, and erate false-positive cases. mental illness in the manual. This problem is exem- There are differences, however, between a norma- plified by some disorders’ being indistinguishable tive measure of intelligence and a normative measure from the crime (e.g., pedophilic disorder), whereas of sexuality. The norm for IQ was based on an un- some disorders like schizophrenia hardly mention limited sample of the population, not one defined as any specific illegal or bad behavior, even though in- impaired, distressed, or deviant. The psychiatric dividuals with schizophrenia may be charged with measure of sexual arousal or behavior is one derived crimes when they become too disruptive or violent. from a measure of patients or (as in the Kinsey re- Aside from the sexual disorders, the few other cate- port) of those willing to answer questions about their gories that identify specific criminal or bad behaviors sexuality, truthfully or not. Therefore, hyposexuality are conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, or hypersexuality in the absence of distress or deviant kleptomania, intermittent explosive disorder, patho- behavior is less meaningful. A second relevant differ- logical gambling, and antisocial personality disorder. ence between norming intelligence and norms of sex- The question then is, why are some criminal be- ual practice is the predictive value of each. Levels of haviors classified as mental disorders and others not? intelligence correlate with the ability to learn, success What is the conceptual difference? We do not define in academics, and educational needs. Will sexual serial murder or stalking as a distinct disorder. The norms in the absence of behaviors or emotional cor- sexual disorders carry much additional moral and relates have the same connection to outcomes? religious baggage (e.g., fornication and adultery are still codified as crimes in one third to one half of the states). Hypersexual Disorder The DSM also remains unclear about the princi- The new proposal is to add a hypersexual disor- ple that distinguishes between symptoms, syn- 1 dromes, and disorders. For example, what are the der. The criteria are compelling data that transform hypersexuality as a symptom of many possible disorders into a proposed A. Over a period of at least six months, recurrent specific disorder? The DSM-5 Sexual and Gender and intense sexual fantasies, sexual urges, and Identity Disorders Work Group is proposing to ad- sexual behavior in association with four or more dress the problem by making a distinction between a of the1. following five criteria: paraphilia and a paraphilic disorder. The distinction 1. Excessive time is consumed by sexual fantasies is based on the presence of distress or impairment. and urges, and by planning for and engaging This effort is worthwhile, but the boundaries remain in sexual behavior. fuzzy. Impairment can be defined by an arrest in the 2. Repetitively engaging in these sexual fantasies, absence of subjective distress. urges, and behavior in response to dysphoric The three disorders that were debated at the meet- mood states (e.g. anxiety, depression, bore- ings were hypersexual disorder, paraphilic coercive dom, irritability). disorder, and pedohebephilic disorder. Without bi- 3. Repetitively engaging in sexual fantasies, ological markers for most psychiatric disorders, nor- urges, and behavior in response to stressful life mative distributions can be established. The distri- events. bution of most behaviors follows a bell curve. It is 4. Repetitive but unsuccessful efforts to control possible to select a line, for example, two standard or significantly reduce these sexual fantasies, deviations from the mean and say that those above or urges, and behavior. 246 The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Zonana 5. Repetitively engaging in sexual behavior while 1. Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from prepu- disregarding the risk for physical or emotional bescent or pubescent children. harm to self or others. 2. Equal or greater arousal from such children than B. There is clinically significant personal distress or from physically mature individuals. impairment in social, occupational or other im- Specify type: portant areas of functioning associated with the frequency and intensity of these sexual fantasies, Pedophilic Type—Sexually Attracted to Prepu- urges, and behavior. bescent Children (Generally Younger than 11) C. These sexual fantasies, urges, and behavior are Hebephilic Type—Sexually Attracted to Pubes- not due to direct physiological effects of exoge- cent Children (Generally Age 11 through 14) nous substances (e.g., drugs of abuse or medica- Pedohebephilic Type—Sexually Attracted to tions) or to Manic Episodes. Both In Criterion B, a third sign or symptom has been D. The person is at least 18 years of age. 3 Specify if: added : Masturbation 3. Repeated use of, and greater arousal from, por- Pornography nography depicting prepubescent or pubescent Sexual Behavior With Consenting Adults children than from pornography depicting phys- Cybersex ically mature persons, for a period of six months Telephone Sex or longer. Strip Clubs The justification offered by the work group is that Hyposexuality was designated as a disorder in it will make it easier to diagnose or catch more pedo- DSM-IV, but hypersexuality had been regarded as a philes, since many individuals lie about their inter- symptom, not as a separate disorder.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Nature and Effect of Sexual Sadistic Actions on Non-Consenting Female Victims in South Africa
    The nature and effect of sexual sadistic actions on non-consenting female victims in South Africa by Bianca Gahler A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the Department of Social Work & Criminology at the UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA FACULTY OF HUMANITIES SUPERVISOR: Professor Christiaan Bezuidenhout 2017 Declaration I, Bianca Gahler hereby declare that the dissertation submitted in fulfilment for the degree Master of Arts in Criminology at the University of Pretoria, is an original research dissertation that has not been plagiarised. The research is my own work and has not previously been submitted for a degree at other universities. Additionally, I declare that full acknowledgement of all sources used or quoted have been indicated by means of complete and proper references. I further understand that the data remains the intellectual property of the University of Pretoria and that I will not share the data with a third party without written consent from the University of Pretoria. ________________ ________________ Bianca Gahler Date i Acknowledgements I herewith wish to express my sincere appreciation and gratitude towards everyone who made this study possible. To my supervisor, Professor Christiaan Bezuidenhout: Thanks for your time, informative guidance, patience and words of encouragement throughout the completion of this study. Your passion for Criminology is largely responsible for igniting my interest and passion for the academic study of psychologically motivated crimes. I would like to acknowledge each subject matter expert for their willingness and alacrity to take part in the study. Without your contribution, the study would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Fantasy
    Kohl: a Journal for Body and Gender Research Vol. 3, No. 2 (Winter 2017) The Politics of Fantasy Jaya Sharma The Politics of Fantasy Fantasies that don’t sit so well with our politics, and yet here they are. Might this uncomfortable place 139 where our fantasies and our politics seem to collide also be a productive one, precisely because it is uncomfortable. This is the question I would like to explore here. I write as a queer, kinky, feminist activist from within the women’s movement in India. It is perhaps because of this location that I feel I am able to be part of the tradition of women’s movement, at least here in India, and to be self-critical, often to the point of being overly critical of ourselves. The way I am using the word fantasy is in terms of an expression or enactment of desire. And while we are all familiar with the concept of desire in its most overt form of sexual fantasies or imagined sexual scenarios, I believe that desire, and by implication, fantasy, also underpin our relation to reality in virtually every other domain of life – from relationships to career choices, from ideology to politics. I would like to begin with sexual fantasies and later move to fantasy as a dimension of other aspects of life. A feminist friend whom I interviewed for a piece I was writing on porn told me about her porn-watching experience one night. The porn that she found herself looking for was very specific. It was about incest involving daughter and parents.
    [Show full text]
  • Seminar in Paraphilic Disorders Kim E
    James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Educational Specialist The Graduate School Spring 2018 Seminar in paraphilic disorders Kim E. Hall James Madison University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/edspec201019 Part of the Counselor Education Commons Recommended Citation Hall, Kim E., "Seminar in paraphilic disorders" (2018). Educational Specialist. 127. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/edspec201019/127 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the The Graduate School at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Educational Specialist by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Seminar in Paraphilic Disorders Kim Elise Hall A research project submitted to the Graduate Faculty of JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Educational Specialist Clinical Mental Health Counseling May 2018 FACULTY COMMITTEE: Committee Chair: Debbie Sturm, Ph.D. Committee Members/ Readers: Lennie Echterling, Ph.D. Renee Staton. Ph.D. Acknowledgments I am grateful beyond words to those who provided me the guidance, patience, understanding, and dedicated support I needed to complete this project and my course of studies. To the counseling faculty and staff at James Madison University, thank you for teaching and challenging me to understand my studies and myself to the best of my ability, and showing me what true enthusiasm and passion for counseling can do. To my cohort, especially the splendid Women of Substance, thank you for allowing me to learn from your experiences, and for the thousands of chances we’ve had to lean on each other whether we’re laughing or crying.
    [Show full text]
  • The Emotional Content of Sexual Fantasies, Psychological and Interpersonal Distress, and Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2017 Women’s Sexual Fantasies in Context: The Emotional Content of Sexual Fantasies, Psychological and Interpersonal Distress, and Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships Sarah Constantine The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2162 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] i Women’s Sexual Fantasies in Context: The Emotional Content of Sexual Fantasies, Psychological and Interpersonal Distress, and Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships By Sarah Constantine A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2017 ii © 2017 SARAH CONSTANTINE All Rights Reserved iii Women’s Sexual Fantasies in Context: The Emotional Content of Sexual Fantasies, Psychological and Interpersonal Distress, and Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships By Sarah Constantine This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Psychology in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. May 16th, 2017 Margaret Rosario ___________________________________________ Chair of Examining Committee Richard Bodnar ___________________________________________ Executive Officer Supervisory Committee Diana Diamond Lissa Weinstein Diana Puñales Steven Tuber THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iv Abstract Women’s Sexual Fantasies in Context: The Emotional Content of Sexual Fantasies, Psychological and Interpersonal Distress, and Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships by Sarah Constantine The Graduate Center and City College, City University of New York Adviser: Margaret Rosario, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • A Crime Scene Approach to Distinguishing Sexual Murderers
    A Crime Scene Approach to Distinguishing Sexual Murderers by Sonja Elizabeth Edwards B.Sc., University of Southampton, UK, 2013 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the School of Criminology Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences © Sonja Elizabeth Edwards 2019 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Spring 2019 Copyright in this work rests with the author. Please ensure that any reproduction or re-use is done in accordance with the relevant national copyright legislation. Approval Name: Ms. Sonja Edwards Degree: Master of Arts (Criminology) Title: A Crime Scene Approach to Distinguishing Sexual Murderers Examining Committee: Chair: Bryan Kinney Associate Professor Eric Beauregard Senior Supervisor Professor Martin Andresen Supervisor Professor Julien Chopin External Examiner Postdoctoral Researchers Criminology, Université de Lausanne Date Defended/Approved: January, 25 2019 . ii Ethics Statement iii Abstract Previous studies have identified two main types of sexual murderers: ‘angry’ and ‘sadistic’. Similar to the ‘organized murderer’ of the FBI, the sadistic sexual murderer has been described as likely to inflict mutilation, use restraints, humiliate, and force anal sex on the victim. All four behaviours are found on several sadism scales developed to measure sadism in sex offenders. This study compares crime-scene characteristics for sexual murderers who have used these four behaviours associated to sexual sadism. Using a sample of 85 Canadian sexual murderers, logistic regression models were created to identify potential differences between sexual murderers who adopted such “sadistic” behaviours and those who did not. Findings, for example, show sexual murderers who have inflicted mutilation on the victim are more likely to pre-select and pre-meditate the crimes.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2, Spring 2020
    JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Spring 2020 COLLEGE OF Saint Elizabeth Title: Fathering Emotions: The Relationship between Fathering and Emotional Development Author(s): Anthony J. Ferrer Abstract The study of child development is an ever growing and consistently important area of psychology. Research suggests that parenting starts as early as conception and that a developing fetus can be affected by maternal and parental bonding in addition to biological influences. However there is a lack of research regarding the effect fathering has on the child’s development and there is a surplus of research regarding the effect of mothers parenting on the child’s development. Currently research neglects families raised by single fathers, two fathers, and other cis-male and trans-male caregivers. This paper will provide an in-depth review of emotional development in children, “parenting”, and will highlight the limited literature on the effects of fathering on emotional development. Title: Brain Impairments in Maltreated Children Author(s): Carl C. Papandrea Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the brain development in typically developing and maltreated children as noted by neuroimaging technology. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides insight into how early experiences affect the developing brain, and provides biological implications for what practitioners identified through behavioral, psychological, and emotional terms. Neurobiological impairments have been seen in children who experience adverse childhood experiences, this paper reviews literature that identifies and explains these findings. Title: Common Personality Traits in Youth and Connection with Antisocial Personality Author(s): Carl C. Papandrea Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the links between common maladaptive personality traits in youth with conduct problems and their connection to Antisocial Personality Disorder.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: an In-Depth Exploration
    Arch Sex Behav (2017) 46:311–328 DOI 10.1007/s10508-016-0870-8 SPECIAL SECTION: THE PUZZLE OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION Sexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: An In-Depth Exploration 1 1 2 Morag A. Yule • Lori A. Brotto • Boris B. Gorzalka Received: 4 January 2016 / Revised: 8 August 2016 / Accepted: 20 September 2016 / Published online: 23 November 2016 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 Abstract Human asexuality is generally defined as a lack of pants(bothmenandwomen)wereequallylikelytofantasizeabout sexual attraction. We used online questionnaires to investigate topics such as fetishes and BDSM. reasons for masturbation, and explored and compared the con- tentsofsexualfantasiesofasexualindividuals(identifiedusing Keywords Asexuality Á Sexual orientation Á Masturbation Á the Asexual Identification Scale) with those of sexual individ- Sexual fantasy uals. A total of 351 asexual participants (292 women, 59 men) and 388sexualparticipants(221women,167men)participated.Asex- ual women were significantly less likely to masturbate than sexual Introduction women, sexual men, and asexual men. Asexual women were less likely to report masturbating for sexual pleasure or fun than their Although the definition of asexuality varies somewhat, the gen- sexualcounterparts, and asexualmen were less likely to reportmas- erallyaccepteddefinitionisthedefinitionforwardedbythelargest turbating forsexualpleasure than sexualmen. Both asexualwomen online web-community of asexual individuals (Asexuality Visi- andmen weresignificantlymorelikelythansexualwomenand
    [Show full text]
  • Hypersexuality Or Sexual Addiction?
    Hypersexuality or sexual addiction? Professor Kevan Wylie MD FRCP FRCPsych FRCOG FECSM FRSPH Consultant in Sexual Medicine Porterbrook Clinic NHS & Urology NHS, SHEFFIELD. UK. Honorary Professor of Sexual Medicine & Psychiatry, University of SHEFFIELD. UK. Visiting Professor, SHEFFIELD Hallam University, UK. Visiting Professor, University of LIVERPOOL, UK. Visiting Professor, YEREVAN State Medical University, Armenia. Adjunct Associate Professor, University of SYDNEY, Australia (2007-2014). President, World Association for Sexual Health (2012-2017). Hypersexuality or sexual addiction? INTRODUCTION 2 [email protected] Problematic Hypersexuality (PH) (Kingston & Firestone, 2008) PH is a clinical syndrome characterised by loss of control over sexual fantasies, urges and behaviours, which are accompanied by adverse consequences and/or personal distress (Gold & Heffner 1998; Kafka 2001) Controversial and elusive concept to define and measure (Rinehart & McCabe 1997) Some agreement on the essential features of PH Impaired control Continuation of behaviour despite consequences (Marshall & Marshall 2006; Rinehart & McCabe 1997) Types of Hypersexuality Behaviour (Kaplan & Krueger, 2010) Behavioural specifiers for hypersexuality Masturbation Pornography consumption Sexual behaviour with consenting adults Cybersex Telephone sex Strip club visits Hypersexual Behaviour (Kaplan & Krueger, 2010; Garcia & Thibaut, 2010) Men and women (much less frequently circa 5:1) with excessive sexual appetites Different terms to describe such behaviour;
    [Show full text]
  • BDSM Culture and Submissive-Role Women Lisa R
    Student Publications Student Scholarship Spring 2015 Liberation Through Domination: BDSM Culture and Submissive-Role Women Lisa R. Rivoli Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship Part of the Gender and Sexuality Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Rivoli, Lisa R., "Liberation Through Domination: BDSM Culture and Submissive-Role Women" (2015). Student Publications. 318. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/318 This is the author's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/ 318 This open access student research paper is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Liberation Through Domination: BDSM Culture and Submissive-Role Women Abstract The alternative sexual practices of bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, and sadism and masochism (BDSM) are practiced by people all over the world. In this paper, I will examine the experiences of five submissive-role women in the Netherlands and five in south-central Pennsylvania, focusing specifically on how their involvement with the BDSM community and BDSM culture influences their self-perspective.I will begin my analysis by exploring anthropological perspectives of BDSM and their usefulness in studying sexual counterculture, followed by a consideration of feminist critiques of BDSM and societal barriers faced by women in the community.
    [Show full text]
  • Paraphilic Disorders in the DSM-5
    Paraphilic Disorders In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), paraphilic disorders are often misunderstood as a catch-all definition for any unusual sexual behavior. In the upcoming fifth edition of the book, DSM-5, the Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Work Group sought to draw a line between atypical human behavior and behavior that causes mental distress to a person or makes the person a serious threat to the psychological and physical well-being of other individuals. While legal implications of paraphilic disorders were considered seriously in revising diagnostic criteria, the goal was to update the disorders in this category based on the latest science and effective clinical practice. Through careful consideration of the research as well as of the collective clinical knowledge of experts in the field, several important changes were made to the criteria of paraphilic disorders, or paraphilias as they have been called in previous editions of the manual. Characteristics of Paraphilic Disorders Most people with atypical sexual interests do not have a mental disorder. To be diagnosed with a para- philic disorder, DSM-5 requires that people with these interests: • feel personal distress about their interest, not merely distress resulting from society’s disapproval; or • have a sexual desire or behavior that involves another person’s psychological distress, injury, or death, or a desire for sexual behaviors involving unwilling persons or persons unable to give legal consent. To further define the line between an atypical sexual interest and disorder, the Work Group revised the names of these disorders to differentiate between the behavior itself and the disorder stemming from that behavior (i.e., Sexual Masochism in DSM-IV will be titled Sexual Masochism Disorder in DSM-5).
    [Show full text]
  • The Rape Fantasy As Transformation in a Japanese Male-Male Pornographic Video Game Series
    ABSTRACT Title ofThesis: “DESTROY ME!”: THE RAPE FANTASY AS TRANSFORMATION IN A JAPANESE MALE-MALE PORNOGRAPHIC VIDEO GAME SERIES Alexander Jackson Graves, Master of Arts, 2016 Thesis Directed By: Professor Martha Nell Smith, Department of English The thesis explores the use of the rape fantasy in Japanese male-male pornography through an analysis of Nitro+CHiRAL‟s DRAMAtical Murder and DRAMAticalMurder: re:connectas case studies of the larger genre and cultural history. The thesis puts Western and Japanese scholars in conversation with one another to encourage more academic attention to the emerging fields of Boys Love (BL) and pornographic video gaming. The methodology relies on intersections between gaming, sexuality, and trauma studies to deconstruct the DRAMAtical Murderseries‟ embodiments of rape with critical consideration to both the victim and the perpetrator. “DESTROY ME!”: THE RAPE FANTASY AS TRANSFORMATION IN A JAPANESE MALE-MALE PORNOGRAPHIC VIDEO GAME SERIES by Alexander Jackson Graves Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2016 Advisory Committee: Professor Martha Nell Smith, Chair Associate Professor Michele Mason Associate Professor Kellie Robertson © Copyright by Alexander Jackson Graves 2016 Note on Japanese Names and Terminology For the thesis, I have reproduced Japanese names with the family name appearing first (when known), followed by the personal or pen name. Citations of Western-language sources and Japanese scholars who publish in English are presented in the traditional order of the personal or pen name followed by the family name. Japanese terms are italicized with the long vowels indicated by macrons unless they are proper nouns (e.g., names of people, places, organizations, companies), have been assimilated into English language (e.g., samurai, manga, anime), or are commonplace names (e.g., Tokyo, Kyoto).
    [Show full text]
  • THE MIND of the SEXUAL PREDATOR St
    THE MIND OF THE SEXUAL PREDATOR St. Augustine – 400 AD “Sin” originates in the mind and is run by the senses, the consequences are considered, if the consequences are NOT TOO GREAT the will takes over the mind and rationalizes the behavior. Consequences are offender specific and can be much different than normal values. BTK Interview WHAT IS SEXUAL DEVIANCY? Abnormal sexual behavior that involves at least one of the following: A non-consenting partner as in child molestation or rape Violation of other’s boundaries or rights such as peeping or exposing Significant impairment in one’s functioning Sexual behavior that causes problems in one’s work or relationships Human Sexuality Human Sex Drive Biological 10% - Animal Response Physiological 20% - The body’s response to stimuli Psychosexual 70 % - The mind or fantasy (unique to humans) The Mind Sexual gratification is derived primarily from the mind: Determines how/why a person acts sexually Personality is reflected in individual sexual behavior HUMAN SEXUALITY Male/Female sexuality differences Primary sexual sense: Male= sight/visual Female= touch/feel Sexual Dysfunction: Male= impacts ability to perform Female= impacts ability to be arouse Sexual Dysfunction In interviews with serial rapists 37% reported a sexual dysfunction. This type of information can be helpful to the investigator in associating different offenses with a single offender, because the nature of the dysfunction and the means the offender uses to overcome it are likely to remain constant over a number of rapes. Sexual
    [Show full text]