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JOURNAL of NEMATOLOGY Description of Heterodera
JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY Article | DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-097 e2020-97 | Vol. 52 Description of Heterodera microulae sp. n. (Nematoda: Heteroderinae) from China a new cyst nematode in the Goettingiana group Wenhao Li1, Huixia Li1,*, Chunhui Ni1, Deliang Peng2, Yonggang Liu3, Ning Luo1 and Abstract 1 Xuefen Xu A new cyst-forming nematode, Heterodera microulae sp. n., was 1College of Plant Protection, Gansu isolated from the roots and rhizosphere soil of Microula sikkimensis Agricultural University/Biocontrol in China. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by Engineering Laboratory of Crop lemon-shaped body with an extruded neck and obtuse vulval cone. Diseases and Pests of Gansu The vulval cone of the new species appeared to be ambifenestrate Province, Lanzhou, 730070, without bullae and a weak underbridge. The second-stage juveniles Gansu Province, China. have a longer body length with four lateral lines, strong stylets with rounded and flat stylet knobs, tail with a comparatively longer hyaline 2 State Key Laboratory for Biology area, and a sharp terminus. The phylogenetic analyses based on of Plant Diseases and Insect ITS-rDNA, D2-D3 of 28S rDNA, and COI sequences revealed that the Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, new species formed a separate clade from other Heterodera species Chinese Academy of Agricultural in Goettingiana group, which further support the unique status of Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. H. microulae sp. n. Therefore, it is described herein as a new species 3Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu of genus Heterodera; additionally, the present study provided the first Academy of Agricultural Sciences, record of Goettingiana group in Gansu Province, China. -
Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Management: a Review
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE): E-Journals Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.8, No.1, 2018 Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Management: A Review Misgana Mitiku Department of Plant Pathology, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka, Agricultural Research Center, Jinka, Ethiopia Abstract Nowhere will the need to sustainably increase agricultural productivity in line with increasing demand be more pertinent than in resource poor areas of the world, especially Africa, where populations are most rapidly expanding. Although a 35% population increase is projected by 2050. Significant improvements are consequently necessary in terms of resource use efficiency. In moving crop yields towards an efficiency frontier, optimal pest and disease management will be essential, especially as the proportional production of some commodities steadily shifts. With this in mind, it is essential that the full spectrums of crop production limitations are considered appropriately, including the often overlooked nematode constraints about half of all nematode species are marine nematodes, 25% are free-living, soil inhabiting nematodes, I5% are animal and human parasites and l0% are plant parasites. Today, even with modern technology, 5-l0% of crop production is lost due to nematodes in developed countries. So, the aim of this work was to review some agricultural nematodes genera, species they contain and their management methods. In this review work the species, feeding habit, morphology, host and symptoms they show on the effected plant and management of eleven nematode genera was reviewed. -
Jones, Peter ORCID: 0000000295669393 and Comfort, Daphne (2019) Elm Trees Under Attack Again. Town And
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Gloucestershire Research Repository This is a peer-reviewed, final published version of the following document and is licensed under All Rights Reserved license: Jones, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-9566-9393 and Comfort, Daphne (2019) Elm trees under attack again. Town and Country Planning. pp. 71-74. ISSN 0040-9960 Official URL: https://www.tcpa.org.uk/ EPrint URI: http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/id/eprint/6552 Disclaimer The University of Gloucestershire has obtained warranties from all depositors as to their title in the material deposited and as to their right to deposit such material. The University of Gloucestershire makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited. The University of Gloucestershire makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. The University of Gloucestershire accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR TEXT. elm trees under attack again Peter Jones and Daphne Comfort outline the potential environmental impact of a new threat to elms in Britain, and look at current control treatments English elms in Cuckmere Valley in East Sussex The ConservationThe Foundation From the late 1960s onwards, Dutch elm disease there is no evidence from Europe to date of even spread rapidly within southern Britain,1 devastating severely defoliated elms dying. -
Orange Spiny Whitefly, Aleurocanthus Spiniferus (Quaintance) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)1 Jamba Gyeltshen, Amanda Hodges, and Greg S
EENY341 Orange Spiny Whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)1 Jamba Gyeltshen, Amanda Hodges, and Greg S. Hodges2 Introduction Africa (Van den Berg et al. 1990). More recently, orange spiny whitefly was reported from Italy (2008), Croatia Orange spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintance, (2012), and Montenegro (2013) (Radonjic et al. 2014). is a native pest of citrus in tropical Asia. In the early 1920s, Established populations of orange spiny whitefly are not yet pest outbreak infestation levels caused Japan to begin a known to occur in the continental US. biological control program. Primarily, orange spiny whitefly affects host plants by sucking the sap but it also causes indirect damage by producing honeydew and subsequently Description and Life History promoting the growth of sooty mold. Sooty mold is a Whiteflies have six developmental stages: egg, crawler (1st black fungus that grows on honeydew. Heavy infestations instar), two sessile nymphal instars (2nd and 3rd instars), of orange spiny whitefly, or other honeydew-producing the pupa (4th instar), and adult. Identification of the insects such as scales, mealybugs, aphids, and other whitefly Aleyrodidae is largely based upon characters found in the species, can cause sooty mold to completely cover the leaf pupal (4th instar) stage. The duration of the life cycle and surface and negatively affect photosynthesis. the number of generations per year are greatly influenced by the prevailing climate. A mild temperature with high Distribution relative humidity provides ideal conditions for growth and development. About four generations per year have The orange spiny whitefly has spread to Africa, Australia, been recorded in Japan (Kuwana et al. -
The Lifestyle of the Invasive Zigzag Elm Sawfly (Aproceros Leucopoda Takeuchi, 1939)
THE LIFESTYLE OF THE INVASIVE ZIGZAG ELM SAWFLY (APROCEROS LEUCOPODA TAKEUCHI, 1939) Thesis of doctoral (Ph.D) dissertation VERONIKA PAPP Budapest 2018 PhD School Name: Doctoral School of Horticultural Sciences Field: Crop Sciences and Horticulture Head of Ph.D. School: Prof. Dr. Éva Németh Zámboriné Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Head of Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences Supervisors: Dr. Gábor Vétek Associate professor, Doctor of Philosophy Department of Entomology SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences Dr. Attila Haltrich Associate professor, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY- Faculty of Horticultural Sciences The applicant met the requirement of the PhD regulations of the Szent István University and the thesis is accepted for the defence process. ....................................................... ….……......................................... ....................................................... Head of Ph.D. School Supervisors 1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The overpopulation of any insect species in natural and semi-natural ecosystems can cause serious economic or environmental harm and can also have negative effect on the health of humans, animals or plants. This is especially true for some non-native species, when climatic factors and food sources are adequate and available, and natural enemies (predators, parasitoids, microorganisms) are only presented in a limited number or not presented at all in the new area, so their population can grow faster than in their native habitat. These non-native or introduced species that have become widespread are called invasive species. One of the earliest and perhaps the most known invasive species in our country is the phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) that destroyed most of the vineyards in Hungary. -
Newest Uninvited Insect Guests in the Hungarian Forests
Newest Uninvited Insect Guests in the Hungarian Forests GyörGy Csóka , a nikó hirka , l evente szőCs and Csaba szabóky Abstract have the ability to become significant pests. An in - Due to the increased international trade and the climate creasing number of native species earlier considered change, more and more non native insects appears in rare or having less importance are becoming severe Hungary, some of them establishes and becomes significant pest. Most recent Hungarian examples are Obolodiplosis pest in the Hungarian forests. This short paper reports robiniaea and Aproceros leucopoda . On top of this – due a few examples of both, the newest non-native invasive to the environmental conditions becoming more insect species and native species that unexpectedly favourable – a number of native insects have become became pests. pests during the last decade. Recent examples are Chrysomela cuprea and Pheosia tremula . Urban and road - Non-native invasive species side trees and plantations are particularly vulnerable from point of both invasive and native insect species. Locust gall midge ( Obolodiplosis robinia ) was first recorded in Hungary in autumn 2006 (Csóka 2006). It Keywords | invasive insects, new pests, Aproceros leuco - is now widespread and common everywhere in Hungary poda, Chrysomela cuprea, Pheosia tremula and can also be found in many European countries (Skuhrava et al. 2007, Tóth et al. 2009). Kurzfassung Neue ungebetene Insekten-Gäste in den ungarischen The zigzagging elm sawfly ( Aproceros leucopoda ), Wäldern native in China and Japan, was first found in Hungary in summer 2003, but the species was only properly Aufgrund des zunehmenden internationalen Handels und identified in 2009 (Blank et al. -
Type of the Paper (Article
Review Biotic Factors Affecting Ecosystem Services in Urban and Peri-Urban Forests in Italy: The Role of Introduced and Impending Pathogens and Pests Salvatore Moricca *, Matteo Bracalini, Francesco Croci, Sara Corsinovi, Riziero Tiberi, Alessandro Ragazzi and Tiziana Panzavolta Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, Plant Pathology and Entomology Division, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine, 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (R.T.); [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (T.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-055-275-5864 Received: 29 November 2017; Accepted: 19 January 2018; Published: 26 January 2018 Abstract: The present-day phytosanitary disasters caused by biological invasions are afflicting urban and peri-urban forest stands worldwide, as well as the varied services they normally provide. In Europe, we are witnessing an alarming situation due to an increasing introduction of infectious diseases and pests. The authors present an up-to-date list of alien microbial pathogens and insect pests affecting urban greening that have been accidentally imported in Italy or that are likely to be introduced. Information about the biology, epidemiology, ethology, and control of these invasive organisms is provided. For each species, the current geographical distribution, including newly- colonized areas, is also given, as well as the chronological progression of its occurrence. Particular detail is used for describing symptoms—the key diagnostic elements for appropriate and timely phytosanitary management. This paper will benefit urban forest management, which is a crucial factor in maintaining the social and ecological viability of urban green spaces, as well as ecosystem services. -
Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae) from South Korea with Key to Species of the Subfamily Arginae
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 183e193 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb Original article Three new species of the genus Arge (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae) from South Korea with key to species of the subfamily Arginae Jin-Kyung Choi a, Su-Bin Lee a, Meicai Wei b, Jong-Wook Lee a,* a Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea b Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees (Central South University of Forestry and Technology), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China article info abstract Article history: Three new species, Arge koreana Wei & Lee sp. nov. from South Korea, Arge pseudorejecta Wei & Lee sp. Received 20 January 2016 nov., and Arge shengi Wei & Lee sp. nov. from South Korea and China are described. Keys to known genera Received in revised form of Argidae and known species of Arginae from South Korea are provided. 11 February 2016 Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Accepted 15 February 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// Available online 24 February 2016 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords: Arginae China key Korea Introduction Takeuchi 1927, 1939; Doi 1938; Kim 1957, 1963, 1970; Togashi 1973, 1990, 1997; Zombori 1974, 1978; Paek et al 2010; Shinohara Taeger et al (2010) listed 58 genera and 913 valid species and et al 2009; Shinohara et al 2012). -
First Report of Aleurocanthus Spiniferus on Ailanthus Altissima: Profiling of the Insect Microbiome and Micrornas
insects Article First Report of Aleurocanthus spiniferus on Ailanthus altissima: Profiling of the Insect Microbiome and MicroRNAs Giovanni Bubici 1,* , Maria Isabella Prigigallo 1 , Francesca Garganese 2, Francesco Nugnes 3 , Maurice Jansen 4 and Francesco Porcelli 2 1 Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 2 Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; [email protected] (F.G.); [email protected] (F.P.) 3 Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy; [email protected] 4 Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Laboratories Division, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Geertjesweg 15, 6706 EA Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 23 January 2020; Accepted: 27 February 2020; Published: 3 March 2020 Abstract: We report the first occurrence of the orange spiny whitefly (Aleurocanthus spiniferus; OSW) on the tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) in Bari, Apulia region, Italy. After our first observation in 2016, the infestation recurred regularly during the following years and expanded to the neighboring trees. Since then, we have also found the insect on numerous patches of the tree of heaven and other plant species in the Bari province. Nevertheless, the tree of heaven was not particularly threatened by the insect, so that a possible contribution by OSW for the control of such an invasive plant cannot be hypothesized hitherto. -
Mini Data Sheet on Aproceros Leucopoda
EPPO, 2015 Mini data sheet on Aproceros leucopoda Added in 2011 – Deleted in 2015 Reasons for deletion: Aproceros leucopoda has been included in EPPO Alert List for more than 3 years and during this period no particular international action was requested by the EPPO member countries. The Panel on Quarantine Pests for Forestry and the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures agreed that it could be deleted. In 2015, it was therefore considered by the Working Party on Phytosanitary Regulations that sufficient alert has been given and the pest was deleted from the Alert List. Aproceros leucopoda (Hymenoptera: Argidae – Zigzag elm sawfly) Why The attention of the EPPO Secretariat was attracted by the NPPO of Germany to the reports on severe defoliation and branch dieback of native and non-native elms in central Europe caused by an East-Asian sawfly Aproceros leucopoda. Considering that the abundance of elm trees has dramatically declined in Europe over the last decades due to Dutch elm disease and the fact that the new pest has a high potential for spread and damage, the EPPO Secretariat decided to add A. leucopoda to the EPPO Alert List. Where EPPO region: Austria (first record in 2009 - Vienna and Niederösterreich), Belgium (first record in 2013), Czech Republic (first record in 2013, Hradec Králové region ), Germany (Bayern, Brandenburg), Hungary (first record in 2003 - Bàcs-Kiskun, Békés, Budapest, Csongràd, Heves, Nògràd counties), Italy (first record in 2009 – regions of Piemonte and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia, and Trento autonomous province), Netherlands (first record in 2013), Poland (first record in 2003 - Sandomierz and in 2009 Warszawa powiats), Romania (first record in 2006 - Banat and Moldova regions), Russia (Far East), Serbia, Slovakia (first record in 2009), Slovenia (in 2011), Ukraine (first record in 2006 - Luhans’ka and in 2009 Kharkiv oblast). -
Nematoda: Heteroderidae)
Nematology, 2007, Vol. 9(4), 483-497 Morphological and molecular studies on Heterodera sacchari, H. goldeni and H. leuceilyma (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) Zahra TANHA MAAFI 1, Dieter STURHAN 2, Zafar HANDOO 3,MishaelMOR 4, ∗ Maurice MOENS 5 and Sergei A. SUBBOTIN 6,7, 1 Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, P.O. Box 1454-Tehran, 19395, Iran 2 c/o Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut für Nematologie und Wirbeltierkunde, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 Münster, Germany 3 Nematology Laboratory, Plant Sciences Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA 4 Department of Nematology, ARO, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan, Israel 5 Agricultural Research Centre, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96, Merelbeke, 9820, Belgium 6 Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, USA 7 Centre of Parasitology of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia Received: 21 December 2006; revised: 12 March 2007 Accepted for publication: 13 March 2007 Summary – Heterodera sacchari, H. leuceilyma and H. goldeni are closely related members of the H. sacchari species complex, which is mainly characterised and distinguished from all other described Heterodera species by the presence of finger-like projections of the strongly developed underbridge in the vulval cone of the cysts. Males are rare in all three species and are described here in H. goldeni for the first time. Reproduction appears to be parthenogenetic. There are only minor morphological distinctions between the three species, particularly after our present studies have emended their original descriptions from various populations. -
New Cyst Nematode, Heterodera Sojae N. Sp
Journal of Nematology 48(4):280–289. 2016. Ó The Society of Nematologists 2016. New Cyst Nematode, Heterodera sojae n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Soybean in Korea 1 1 1 1,2 2 2 1,2 HEONIL KANG, GEUN EUN, JIHYE HA, YONGCHUL KIM, NAMSOOK PARK, DONGGEUN KIM, AND INSOO CHOI Abstract: A new soybean cyst nematode Heterodera sojae n. sp. was found from the roots of soybean plants in Korea. Cysts of H. sojae n. sp. appeared more round, shining, and darker than that of H. glycines. Morphologically, H. sojae n. sp. differed from H. glycines by fenestra length (23.5–54.2 mm vs. 30–70 mm), vulval silt length (9.0–24.4 mm vs. 43–60 mm), tail length of J2 (54.3–74.8 mm vs. 40–61 mm), and hyaline part of J2 (32.6–46.3 mm vs. 20–30 mm). It is distinguished from H. elachista by larger cyst (513.4–778.3 mm 3 343.4– 567.1 mm vs. 350–560 mm 3 250–450 mm) and longer stylet length of J2 (23.8–25.3 mm vs. 17–19 mm). Molecular analysis of rRNA large subunit (LSU) D2–D3 segments and ITS gene sequence shows that H. sojae n. sp. is more close to rice cyst nematode H. elachista than H. glycines. Heterodera sojae n. sp. was widely distributed in Korea. It was found from soybean fields of all three provinces sampled. Key words: Heterodera sojae n. sp., morphology, phylogenetic, soybean, taxonomy. Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr is one of the most im- glycines.