RESOURCE BULLETIN Spring 2011 Volume 26 :: Number 3

Gendered Perspectives on International Development

IN THIS ISSUE Greeti ngs from the Center for Gender in Global Context (GenCen) at Michigan State Articles ...... 1 University, the host center for the Gender, Development, and Globalizati on (GDG) Program, formerly the Women and Internati onal Development (WID) Program! Audiovisuals ...... 4 Monographs and Technical The Gendered Perspecti ves on Internati onal Development Working Papers series Reports ...... 6 is pleased to announce the publicati on of its newest paper, “Prolonging Suff ering: Domesti c Violence, Politi cal Economy, and the State in Northern Vietnam,” by Lynn Periodicals ...... 13 Kwiatkowski. While the Vietnamese state has recently made domesti c violence a Books ...... 14 prominent concern, it has conti nued to emphasize a reconciliati on approach which has had the unintended eff ect of prolonging the suff ering of many abused women. Study Opportunities...... 17 This paper examines the links between a state approach to domesti c violence, transnati onal processes, and women’s physical and emoti onal health and suff ering. Grants and Fellowships ...... 19 This paper, along with the enti re working paper series, is now available free online Conferences...... 20 at: gencen.msu.edu/publicati ons/papers.htm.

Calls for Papers ...... 23 As always, we encourage submissions and suggesti ons from our readers! We especially invite graduate students, scholars, and professionals to review one of a Online Resources ...... 25 number of books that are available for review. We also encourage submissions by Book Review ...... 28 authors and publishers of relevant arti cles and books for inclusion in future issues.

Remember, the current issue of the Resource Bulleti n, along with the most recent back issues, are now online! Visit gencen.msu.edu/publicati ons/bulleti n.htm.

Thank you very much, and enjoy the Spring 2011 issue of the Gendered Perspecti ves on Internati onal Development Resource Bulleti n!

Executi ve Editor: Anne Ferguson, PhD **The contents of this publicati on were developed under a Title VI grant Managing Editor: Meskerem Glegziabher from the U.S. Department of Educati on. However, those contents do Editorial Assistants: Elizabeth Petoskey not necessarily represent the policy or views of the U.S. Department of Rebecca Farnum Educati on.** Edited by: Galena Osti pow AArticlesrticles

Analyses of Social Issues and Public equality perspecti ve. Currently, the as part of the overall atti tudes gained Policy equality jurisprudence in Ghana is since childhood, infl uenced Cuban Volume 10, Number 1, 2010 insuffi ciently developed to provide migrants who have left the island “Promoti ng Gender Equality: The Role the necessary foundati on to establish permanently since 1990, introduced of Ideology, Power, and Control in the the state’s obligati on to criminalize uniqueness in their migrati on processes, Link Between Land Ownership and marital rape. Therefore, this arti cle and made up a diff erent feminizati on Violence in Nicaragua,” by Shelly Grabe, uses two judicial decisions, Doe v. of migrati on; identi fying the features pp. 146-170. Scholars have argued that Metropolitan Toronto (Municipality) of Cuban social structure that shaped insti tuti onal inequiti es and control Commissioners of Police and Hadijatou the gender ideology of Cuban migrants; over resources are linked to gender- Mani Koraou v. Niger to explore the and producing new knowledge about based violence. However, psychologists challenges in arguing that Ghanaian Cuban internati onal migrati on processes have yet to repositi on their research law is discriminatory in its treatment by using a gender perspecti ve and questi ons to examine how structural of marital rape. The arti cle develops by analyzing the gender relati ons inequiti es lead to power imbalances and a substanti ve equality analysis of prevailing in the years before the gender-based norms that perpetuate the harm resulti ng from the legal crisis of the 1990s, as well as since the threats to women’s health and safety. impunity for marital rape in Ghana and beginning of the twenty-fi rst century. This study provides a theoreti cal constructs an analysis of how marital The fi rst part of this arti cle focuses on framework for, and an examinati on of, rape consti tutes sex discriminati on. The gender disti ncti veness of recent Cuban hypotheses surrounding the role of land arti cle includes an examinati on of the migrants, and the second summarizes ownership in shift ing gender relati ons history of the Ghanaian marital rape some traits of the Cuban social and women’s receipt of violence that legislati on, the impact of the legislati on, structure—mainly referred to female have been posed in the literature including the ways in which women are employment—that could explain the but never empirically tested. Surveys disadvantaged under the legislati on gender training of the migrants. conducted in rural Nicaragua revealed by the perpetuati on of sexist myths that land ownership among women and stereotypes, and the legal tools Current Anthropology challenges traditi onal gender ideology available to address the discriminatory Volume 51, Number S2, October 2010 and increases women’s power and legislati on. The arti cle also examines “Voicing Diff erence: Gender and Civic control within the marital relati onship, how the experience of colonizati on has Engagement among Karachi’s Poor,” which in turn reduces levels of violence. contributed to the inequality associated by Kamran Asdar Ali, pp. 313-320. The fi ndings have important implicati ons with the legal treatment of marital rape This arti cle addresses the challenges for the discussion of gender-based in Ghana. The applicati on of customary in our work as social criti cs and violence in the context of development law to marital rape claims is also engaged anthropologists. Within this and for initi ati ves that can lead to more examined. context, it will show how academically equitable policies for women. The study trained anthropologists respond puts psychology at the crossroads of Cuban Studies to the tensions between cultural women’s human rights, globalizati on, Volume 41, 2010 specifi citi es and universal values that and social change by putti ng forth “Cubans Abroad: A Gendered Case they encounter in their research. To a novel model for understanding Study on Internati onal Migrati ons,” by develop the argument, the arti cle inequality and providing an empirical Marta Núñez-Sarmiento, pp. 105-125. relies on ethnographic research among framework for social justi ce. Cubans who have migrated since the women workers in Karachi’s ready- 1990s aft er living for two decades or to-wear export garment industry to Canadian Journal of Women and the more in their country of origin left show how lower-class women live and Law with an embedded gender ideology navigate the gendered public spaces Volume 22, Number 2, 2010 that they acquired in a society where in Karachi. Following this theme, the “Marital Rape in Ghana: Legal Opti ons gender relati ons were undergoing arti cle introduces the process through for Achieving State Accountability,” radical transformati ons. As a result, which grass roots acti vists inspired by Elizabeth Archampong and Fiona Cuban feminizati on of migrati ons has by a language of universal rights and Sampson, pp. 505-534. This arti cle its peculiariti es. In this context, there women’s empowerment seek to address analyzes the legal regulati on of marital are three issues to consider: explaining working-class women’s social and work- rape in Ghana from a substanti ve how gender relati ons att ained in Cuba, related problems. However, juxtaposing

1 this with women’s own voices, the invest more in quality than in quanti ty internati onal multi cultural policy arti cle shows that such developmental of children. Here we test the impact of that acknowledges poverty among prioriti es may suppress women’s resources on educati onal investment in indigenous peoples and their historic own points of view. In doing so, it two populati ons on the cusp of ferti lity marginalizati on from power over will foreground the larger structural decline: the patrilineal Arsi Oromo of development. Although the impact forces that create socioeconomic Ethiopia and the matrilineal Chewa of of these legal and programmati c uncertainti es in their lives. It will then Malawi. In both populati ons, increased eff orts is growing, one persistent share women’s own experiences to wealth is associated with greater biases axis of disadvantage, male-female argue that these voices, while asserti ng in the allocati on of educati on between diff erence, is rarely taken into account in their independence, ethnodevelopment policy and practi ce. their right to work, This arti cle argues that assumpti ons and their right to that inform policy related to indigenous equal wages—a women fail to engage with indigenous sign of contractual women’s development concerns. and asserti ve The insti tuti onal separati on between individualized gender and development policy (GAD) agency—and and multi culturalism means that simultaneously hint provisions for gender in multi cultural at their emphasizing policies are inadequate, and ethnic of familial honor and rights in GAD policies are invisible. respectability. Drawing on postcolonial feminism, the paper examines ethnicity and gender Volume 51, Number as interlocking systems that structure 5, October 2010 indigenous women’s development “Does Wealth experiences. These arguments are Increase Parental illustrated in relati on to the case of Investment Biases the Tsáchila ethnocultural group in the in Child Educati on? South American country of Ecuador. Evidence from Two African Populati ons Fish and Fisheries on the Cusp of the Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2010 Ferti lity Transiti on,” “Gleaner, Fisher, Trader, Processor: by Mhairi A. Gibson Understanding Gendered Employment and Rebecca Sear, in Fisheries and Aquaculture,” by pp. 693-701. Why Nireka Weeratunge, Katherine A. ferti lity declines is Snyder & Choo Poh Sze, pp. 405-420. sti ll a matt er of intense debate. One children. In richer families, early-born Most research on gender diff erence theory proposes that ferti lity decline children are prioriti zed over later-born or inequiti es in capture fi sheries and may be partly driven by shift s in ones, although early-born sons are aquaculture in Africa and the Asia-Pacifi c parental investment strategies: couples favored in the patrilineal populati on and focuses on the gender division of labor. reduce family size as demographic and early-born daughters in the matrilineal Emerging research on globalizati on, economic changes cause investment populati on. Poorer families invest less market changes, poverty and trends in in the quality of children to become in their children’s educati on but also gendered employment within this sector more important than investment in the discriminate less between children. reveals the need to move beyond this quanti ty of children. A key driver for narrow perspecti ve. If gleaning and post- this change is a shift from a subsistence- Development and Change harvesti ng acti viti es were enumerated, based to a skills-based economy, in Volume 41, Issue 6, November 2010 the fi sheries and aquaculture sector which educati on enhances child quality. “Ethnicity, Development and Gender: might well turn out to be female sphere. Evoluti onary anthropologists have Tsáchila Indigenous Women in A livelihoods approach bett er enables modifi ed this theory to propose that Ecuador,” by Sarah Radcliff e with an understanding of how employment parental investment will diverge during Andrea Pequeño, pp. 983–1016. In in this sector is embedded in other the demographic transiti on according recent decades, indigenous populati ons social, cultural, economic, politi cal and to resource availability: couples with have become the subjects and agents ecological structures and processes the greatest access to resources will of development in nati onal and that shape gender inequiti es and how

2 AARTICLESRTICLES these might be reduced. We focus on noti ons of appropriate femininity and customary law to explain why women four themati c areas – markets and constructi ons of heroic masculiniti es. have missed out. This arti cle questi ons migrati on, capabiliti es and well-being, It illustrates how women’s acti viti es these liberal accounts and argues that networks and identi ti es, governance are circumscribed by understandings a comprehensive understanding of the and rights – as analyti cal entry points. of the supermadre and explores how way rural women access land, or fail These also provide a framework to this femininity has become powerful to access land, can only be gained by identi fy research gaps and generate in representati onal terms. Finally, the examining gender and power relati ons a comparati ve understanding of the arti cle examines the disciplining role of that operate in the villages. Phase impact of development processes and sexuality in producing femininiti es and II land reform has seen a complex socioecological changes, including issues understandings of heroic masculinity intersecti on of criteria based on gender of climate change, adaptati on and in nati onal and transnati onal setti ngs, and politi cal affi liati on used to deny resilience, on gendered employment. including the water ministry and wider potenti al benefi ciaries access to land, as Without an adequate analysis of gender, contemporary Bolivian politi cs. patronage politi cs became the dominant fi sheries management and development means of achieving access to land. policies may have negati ve eff ects on Women’s Studies International people’s livelihoods, well-being and Forum “Lebanese Women Disability Rights the environment they depend on, or Volume 33, Issue 5, September 2010 Acti vists: War-Time Experiences,” fail altogether to achieve intended “The Gendered Desire to Become by Samantha Wehbi, pp. 455-463. outcomes. Cosmopolitan: South Korean Women’s Dominant feminist scholarship in the Moti vati ons for Migrati on to the UK,” West has tended to equate being International Journal of Urban and by Young Jeong Kim, pp. 433-442. This Arab or Muslim with oppression Regional Research paper explores the reasons for women’s and to negate the acti ve histories of Volume 35, Number 1, January 2011 migrati on from Korea to the UK. It is resistance of women in these societi es. “Gender Water Networks: Femininity diffi cult to explain away this migrati on In additi on, feminist and disability and Masculinity in Water Politi cs with the common rati onales, such studies scholarship has largely omitt ed in Bolivia,” by Nina Laurie, pp. as a gendered internati onal division an explorati on of the experiences 172-188. This arti cle explores how of labor or a strong politi cal/colonial of women with disabiliti es. This transnati onal networking around relati onship between two countries. paper att empts to addresses these neoliberal water policies intersects This study proposes a gendered desire tendencies and gaps in the scholarship with drives to mainstream gender. approach to understand young women’s by presenti ng the fi ndings of a case It examines how understandings migrati on and examines individual study adopti ng a criti cal disability of gender are constructed through migrant women’s life stories, applying research approach. The study explored water confl icts and demonstrates the biographical approach within the the acti vism role and experiences of 14 how complex contemporary gendered framework of gendered desire. Their women with disabiliti es and their allies water experiences are refl ected in a memories of family, school life, and work working in various regions of Lebanon variety of networks operati ng at and show how the Korean social atmosphere during situati ons of war. Relying on across diff erent scales. It challenges emphasizes becoming a “global citi zen” a feminist postcolonial analysis and essenti alist accounts of gender within and infl uences these women’s migrati on focusing on the intersecti on of gender policy debates, demonstrati ng how in a gendered way. and disability in the experiences of the gendered subjecti viti es are produced, acti vists, several main themes emerged reproduced and disrupted through “A Gendered Analysis of Land from the semi-structured interviews: hybrid networks of struggle. It shows Reforms in Zimbabwe,” by Dominic awareness of oppression; miti gati ng the how these subjecti viti es enter the global Pasura, pp. 443-454. Between 1980, impact of oppression; and the balancing arena through the anti -globalizati on when Zimbabwe att ained politi cal acts of negoti ati ng motherhood and movement. The arti cle suggests that independence, and 2003, the acti vism. some transnati onal water networks government has implemented two become hybrid spaces that draw in phases of land redistributi on programs “Back to the Future: Feminist Theory, both those who support and contest designed to transfer land from large- Acti vism, and Doing Feminist Research neoliberal agendas and argues that scale commercial white farmers to black in an Age of Globalizati on,” by Brooke contemporary analyses of water farmers. However, the state has paid Ackerly and Jacqui True, pp. 464-472. must be understood in this context of scant att enti on to rural women’s access What good is feminist theory for intersecti on. It draws on the example to land. Studies documenti ng women’s feminist empirical research? Since of Bolivian water politi cs to highlight exclusion from Phase I land reform the 1970s, feminist research has been how gender intersects with ethnicity, have tended to rely on the operati on of acti vism-engaged, theory-building, and

AARTICLESRTICLES 3 methodologically innovati ve. In second- given scant att enti on in the academic Response Strategies of Internally wave feminism’s entry into the academy, literature, notwithstanding the now Displaced Karen Women in Taungoo acti vist questi ons informed the feminist considerable body of scholarship on District,” by Zin Mar Oo and Kyoko empirical research agenda in the gender and migrati on. This arti cle Kusakabe, pp. 482-491. This paper Anglophone global North. From there focuses on this neglected area, investi gates the response strategies of feminists built schools of feminist theory examining the experiences of skilled displaced women, based on the oral that framed the next phase of feminism women moving from South Africa to testi monies of displaced Karen women. in which many theoreti cal struggles New Zealand using data from interviews Contrary to conventi onal refugee can be understood as disagreements conducted using the Biographical literature, which treats displaced people among feminists. Feminist theorists’ Narrati ve Interpreti ve Method (BNIM). as passive victi ms, authors found that criti cal engagements can help empiricists In line with the small number of studies instead of feeling helpless when the att end to the power dynamics within on professional migrant women, the men fl ed the relocati on sites to escape research, infl uencing the purpose, research parti cipants experienced the State Peace and Development conceptualizati ons, and epistemologies disrupted or damaged careers and/or an Council (SPDC) military’s abuse, women of their research. This usefulness increase or intensifi cati on of domesti c acti vely decided to stay back with their depends on sustaining the acti vist responsibiliti es, shift s variously theorized children and other women to maintain roots and traditi ons of feminist praxis in the literature as “de-skilling,” their social linkages, and survive in the while being relevant to current politi cs. “feminizati on,” “re-domesti cati on” or underbelly of the SPDC by leveraging Reviewing this history invites feminist “compromised careers”. It is argued their femininity and their identi ty as researchers to study global feminist here that BNIM’s in-depth interviewing mothers. Authors found that the women acti vism and the global connecti ons and meti culous analysis extends this used the concept of motherhood as a among seemingly disconnected cultural scholarship by illuminati ng the iterati ve negoti ati on tool to reduce the damage and material struggles. relati onship between migrant women’s from their experiences of confl ict work and home lives and their ongoing and displacement. At the same ti me, “A Fine Balance: Women, Work att empts to achieve a balance between ironically, the success of this strategy led and Skilled Migrati on,” by Carina the practi cal and emoti onal obligati ons the insurgents to include the women in Meares, pp. 473-481. The impact of inherent in each. their military strategies, putti ng them internati onal migrati on on the lives in a precarious situati on between the of professional women has been “Motherhood and Social Network: fi ghti ng parti es.

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Icarus Films environment. consequences of graft , neglect and www.icarusfi lms.com Ladies in Waiti ng poverty, as this fi lm directed by Kiripi Congo in Four Acts In a run-down maternity hospital, a Katembo Siku reveals Kinshasa’s This series of four documentaries ward of women who recently had their imploding infrastructure. Malaria is rife, produced by Djo Tunda and Steven babies wait to be allowed to leave. fresh water is as rare as fl ood water is Markovitz addresses some pressing The problem? They cannot pay their common, electricity cables lie bare and issues in the central African state of the hospital fees. A long-suff ering manager live in the street, garbage is everywhere Democrati c Republic of the Congo: must negoti ate collateral with them so and as a priest notes, “living in the Aft er the Mine that they will return and pay in full: a capital is like living in a village. The Kipushi is a mining town, one of celebrati on dress, a pair of earrings, a services are the same, non-existent.” thousands keeping Congo’s elite in suitcase. The fi lm directed by Dieudo Zero Tolerance extreme wealth. But for those who Hamadi and Divita Wa Lusala eloquently Rape as a weapon of war has had live in the shadow of its toxic fallout, exposes both the squalid hospital much press, most notably in the recent it is a very diff erent life, one where system and the endemic poverty of the Congo wars. Less discussed is the tainted water and contaminated soil Democrati c Republic of the Congo. legacy it has left behind; a desensiti zed are realiti es. This fi lm directed by Kiripi Symphony Kinshasa acceptance of the abuse of women at Katembo Siku tells the very personal Take a hard-hitti ng tour through the hands of criminals, opportunists stories of those trapped in such a deadly Congo’s capitol city and discover the and most worryingly, ordinary men.

4 Dieudo Hamadi’s documentary fi lm internati onal laws governing confl ict. civil service, yield fresh perspecti ves on aims to get to the heart of the matt er Mini-series Women, War & Peace Turkish women’s integrati on of Islamic by following the arrest of a group of challenges the conventi onal wisdom culture and modern lifestyles, as well youths who att ack a woman returning that war and peace are men’s domain as their far-reaching achievements and from shopping. Hamadi’s focus is a rural and places women at the center of prioriti es for the future. community, where politi cal correctness an urgent dialogue about confl ict and holds no sway, and in doing so he security. Women, War & Peace will Grace, Milly, Lucy . . . Child Soldiers att empts to show both the depth of the focus on women’s strategic role in the When we usually speak about child problem and the att empts by authoriti es post-Cold War era, where globalizati on, soldiers, we rarely realize that many to reset the nati onal moral code. arms traffi cking, and illicit trade have of them are girls. This litt le-known intersected to create a whole new type reality is underscored by the gripping Real World Scheme of war. personal accounts of Grace Akallo, Milly www.pathwaysofempowerment.org Auma, and Lucy Lanyero in Raymonde Khul Women Make Movies Provencher’s riveti ng, visually stunning A fi lm by Lucy Bennett , Khul examines www.wmm.com fi lm. As adults seeking to rebuild their the contested Islamic legal right of the Aft er the Rape lives, they are three among thousands same name, which allows Egypti an In 2002, Mukhtar Mai, a rural Pakistani of young girls violently abducted women to unilaterally end a marriage woman from a remote part of the from Ugandan villages by the Lord’s in exchange for forgoing their fi nancial Punjab, was gang-raped by order of her Resistance Army, a rebel force that rights. It addresses the questi on of tribal council as punishment for her trained kidnapped girls to fi ght and kill, whether legal reform alone is enough younger brother’s alleged relati onship oft en forcing them into child-bearing to tackle the issues faced by women in with a woman from another clan. unions with their captors. Egypt and suggests that social norms Instead of committi ng suicide or living in and public opinion regarding marriage shame, Mukhtar spoke out, fi ghti ng for Pink Saris and gender roles must be addressed in justi ce in the Pakistani courts—making Pink saris are worn by the Gulabi order to achieve any meaningful change. world headlines. Further defying Gang, a group of women vigilantes in custom, she started two schools for Northern India. They have united and STEPS Center girls in her village and a crisis center for formed resistance to being mistreated ti nyurl.com/4bjugn5 abused women. Revealing the progress as women and a lower social class, led Water and Justi ce: Peri-Urban Pathways and fruits of Mukhtar’s labor, this by Sampat Pal Devi. Kim Longniott o’s in Delhi powerful documentary by Catherine documentary fi lm highlights the plight This fi lm tells the story of three people Ulmer tracks the school’s profound of these women and their search for and their relati onship with water in the impact on the girls and families of justi ce. towns and villages on the edge of Delhi, Meerwala and shows how the crisis India. The landscape of these “peri- center empowers women seeking its Women’s Voices from the Muslim urban” zones has changed dramati cally help. World: A Short-Film Festival in the past 15 years. Poor people oft en www.womensvoicesnow.org do not have good enough access to Women of Turkey: Between Islam and This collecti on of voices from women water, and have to fi nd diff erent ways of Secularism of all faiths living in Muslim-majority getti ng and using it. This fi lm shows the In this thought-provoking documentary, countries and Muslim women living as ingenuity and determinati on of three veiled and unveiled women explore minoriti es around the world fi lls the void people—a grandmother, a farmer and relati onships between Islam and in informati on created by traditi onal an acti vist—who have taken acti on to secularism in present-day Turkey, news, media and art sources. The get bett er water for themselves and where millions of women, many of following are some award fi nalists for their families. them educated and urban, wear the this fi lm festi val: headscarf or hijab. For her survey, The Branded Girls Thirteen and Fork Films fi lmmaker Olga Nakkas, who was born This documentary by Bijoyeta Das www.pbs.org in Turkey and raised in Lebanon, draws examines the garment industry in Women, War & Peace on historical footage and individual Bangladesh and the “garment girls” who Women have become primary targets visits with Turkish women from across work in sweatshops producing clothing in today’s armed confl icts and are the professional spectrum. Their wide- for the world’s top brands at less than suff ering unprecedented casualti es. ranging interviews, which analyze the minimal wages. Simultaneously, they are emerging as background and impact of controversial I… Am a Woman necessary partners in brokering lasti ng bans on headscarves in universiti es and This documentary by Sheherzad Kaleem peace and as leaders in forging new

AAUDIOVISUALSUDIOVISUALS 5 showcases the work of a radical, a social group disti nguished from the Karachi-based theater group (Tehrik-e- majority by their darker skin and African Niswan), which is storming the streets descent. Akhdam women are subject to of Pakistan with its plays on issues hate-based att acks and sexual assaults such as educati on, forced marriages without any type of legal or social and honor killings. This group, led by recourse. This video features the stories a headstrong and rebellious woman, and voices of three women, Haddah, Sheema Kirmani, is focused in its Qobol, and Om Ali. purpose of creati ng awareness and Who’s Honor? fi ghti ng for women’s equal rights. This fi lm by Neha Sehgal confronts the The fi lm examines the work of Tehrik- patriarchal establishment of a village e-Niswan in light of the social and by questi oning the rising “honor” historical framework of Pakistan; killings in Haryana, India and the Khap assesses its impact on the lives of Panchayats (or caste councils) who ordinary women and also highlights seem to be condoning them. Sehgal and the personal struggles of some of the her students from the DAV College of theater actors themselves. Women in Yamunanagar ask, “Would Breaking the Silence there be the same intolerance of This documentary by Ammar Basha couples marrying those they love in the chronicles the lives and injusti ces same clan, if women were included in against the Akhdam women in Yemen, the decision-making?”

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Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) responsibiliti es and cohabitati on. study is India’s progress toward greater ti nyurl.com/3gnynck Moreover, there are signs of increasing provision of gender-equal employment “‘A Woman Should Not be the Boss decision-making power of women opportuniti es. Findings include that When a Man is Present:’ Gender and within male-headed households. Indian nati onal triparti te forums are not Poverty in Southern Mozambique,” by Nonetheless, women are hardest hit by yet fully representati ve of the workforce, I. Tvedten, M. Paulo, and M. Tuominen, the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The authors nor do they substanti ally deal with 2010, 58 pp. This study examines the off er several recommendati ons to gender equality issues. The parti cipati on variati ons and complexity of gender address these issues. of men and women in government, relati ons in southern Mozambique. trade unions, etc. are examined. It notes that the region recently International Labor Organization Examples of collecti ve bargaining are witnessed profound processes of (ILO) presented, and corresponding gender socioeconomic change, including ti nyurl.com/4hfb u6p equality issues analyzed. Discussions of an extensive male labor migrati on “Gender Equality and Social Dialogue this study serve as starti ng points for and a “feminizati on” of agriculture. in India,” by K. Sankaran and R. Madhav, Indian social partners to engage with The study fi gures that an important 2011, 56 pp. This working paper was gender equality issues and bring about implicati on of these developments is produced by the ILO’s Bureau for greater gender balance in triparti te the very large proporti on of female- Gender Equality in cooperati on with the social dialogue forums, nati onal headed households, as well as the industrial and employment relati ons discussions and collecti ve agreements. near gender equality in educati on department and the ILO Decent Work enrollment. The paper also fi nds that technical support team for South Asia. ti nyurl.com/3ygq5nj the proporti on of women in politi cal It forms part of a comparati ve research “World Social Security Report 2010/11: offi ce is relati vely high in the region at project that has the objecti ve of Providing Coverage in Times of Crisis the lower levels of village communiti es, demonstrati ng that gender equality and and Beyond,” 2010; 299 pp. This is the but men sti ll dominate in higher public social dialogue are mutually benefi cial fi rst in a new series of biennial reports offi ces. Socially speaking, traditi onal fundamental values and crosscutti ng that aim to map social security coverage marriage has largely been replaced issues and that their promoti on should globally, present various methods and by an individualizati on of domesti c go hand in hand. The main topic of this approaches for assessing coverage, 6 and identi fy gaps in coverage. Backed vulnerable groups who have to bear the the other hand, when rights are realized, by much comparati ve stati sti cal data, consequences of global climate change. they can make an immeasurable this fi rst report takes a comprehensive The Internati onal Crops Research contributi on to a person’s health, look at how countries are investi ng in Insti tute for the Semi-Arid Tropics wellbeing and self esteem. By focusing social security, how they are fi nancing (ICRISAT) undertakes several projects internati onal att enti on where sexual it, and how eff ecti ve their approaches in India geared towards developing rights are violated, and where they are are. The report examines the ways technologies that support women. This upheld, these stories give a voice to the selected internati onal organizati ons paper examines these projects and oppressed. They also remind us how (the EU, OECD and ADB) monitor social presents some lessons learned from important it is that they are enshrined protecti on and the correlati on of social them. It emphasizes that bringing the in the Declarati on of Sexual Rights; security coverage and the ILO Decent gender dimension into projects should because if they are not defi ned, they Work Indicators. The report’s fi nal result in tangible economic benefi ts could so easily be abrogated or lost secti on features a typology of nati onal and meet users’ perspecti ves. The enti rely. Sexual rights—the norms that approaches to social security, with a authors note that women involved in emerge when existi ng human rights are focus on countries’ responses to the ICRISAT projects made a diff erence in applied to sexuality—must be affi rmed economic crisis of 2008, and the lessons the areas of organizati onal leadership, and respected. These stories highlight to be learned, especially concerning livelihood management, and knowledge the ways that respect for sexual rights the short- and long-term management management, which are criti cal in the makes a criti cal contributi on to poverty of pension schemes. Prepared by the discussions of climate change. The reducti on and development through ILO, this report examines the gaps in document makes several conclusions enhancing the personal dignity and access to social security programs in and recommendati ons including the empowerment of both men and women. areas such as health care, pensions, following: strengthening women’s social assistance, and unemployment resilience and coping is a major goal, IWRAW Asia Pacifi c and ESCR-Net benefi ts. It shows that most of the considering that rural women have the ti nyurl.com/36mt2nm world’s working-age populati on and adapti ve skills for the eventualiti es of “Parti cipati on in ICESCR and CEDAW their families lack eff ecti ve access the changing environment; designing Reporti ng Processes: Guidelines to comprehensive social protecti on interventi ons for women requires an for Writi ng on Women’s Economic, systems. It asserts that social security acti ve process of social constructi on Social and Cultural Rights in Shadow/ plays an important role in ti mes of and negoti ati on, as well as insti tuti onal Alternati ve Reports,” 2010, 88 pp. Based economic crisis, including the current arrangement; interventi ons that can on IWRAW Asia Pacifi c’s guidelines one, as an “irreplaceable economic, reduce women’s drudgery in domesti c for preparing an alternati ve/shadow social and politi cal stabilizer” that and agricultural responsibiliti es, report to the CEDAW Committ ee, provides income replacement and helps which become more diffi cult in an this document is a practi cal guide for stabilize aggregate demand, without unpredictable climate, is an initi al step NGOs reporti ng on women’s economic, negati vely eff ecti ng economic growth. for their inclusion; and among women social, and cultural rights within the The study also warns that cutti ng social in agriculture, where there is a serious reporti ng processes for the Conventi on security due to fi scal consolidati on situati on of slack resources, provision for on the Eliminati on of all Forms of aimed at coping with increased defi cits more opti ons and enhancement in their Discriminati on Against Women (CEDAW) and public debt “may not only directly resources like “capacity strengthening” and the Internati onal Covenant on aff ect social security benefi ciaries and is imperati ve. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights consequently the standards of living of (ICESCR). The main moti vati on of this a large porti on of the populati on, but International Planned Parenthood guide is to encourage the parti cipati on also, through aggregate demand aff ects, Foundation (IPPF) of NGOs in the treaty body reporti ng slow down or signifi cantly delay a full ti nyurl.com/2bh6opa process and use it as another tool to economic recovery.” “Sexual Rights in Acti on: Case Studies advance women’s human rights and From Around the World,” 2010, 23 pp. parti cularly omen’s economic, social International Peace Research Institute This report details personal accounts and cultural rights at the nati onal ti nyurl.com/44ossdt of the struggle to realize sexual rights level. It also aims to bring about the “Lessons Drawn from Women’s told by acti vists working in communiti es greater recogniti on, protecti on and Parti cipati on in ICRISAT R&D Projects: around the world. Told in their own promoti on of women’s economic, social Talking Points for Climate Change words, these narrati ves show just and cultural rights through the treaty Initi ati ves,” by R.P. Mula, S. Wani, and how hard it is to live in a world where body system at the internati onal level. K. Rai, 2010, 20 pp. Women have a key your rights are denied. Oft en there is The treaty reporti ng process is about role in the organizati on of agricultural discriminati on and sti gma, but also the holding states accountable to their producti on, and are one of the most real threat of violence and abuse. On obligati ons under a treaty and NGOs MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 7 have a role to play in parti cipati ng in and in the case of dalits, adivasis, landless paper examines these challenges. It monitoring that process. NGO shadow laborers, slum dwellers, migrants and argues that despite the challenges, reporti ng within the CEDAW and the people living in “backward districts.” opportuniti es do exist that can be ICESCR country review processes can Women and girls, with few excepti ons, exploited, if there is commitment by be strategically uti lized to increase fare worse amongst these marginalized various stakeholders, to ensure that awareness and integrati on of all groups than their male counterparts, women access, own and use land in the women’s human rights and improve as do females heading households and return process. state accountability. Muslim women. All women lag behind on gender equality targets (other than OECD MADRE gender parity in primary and secondary ti nyurl.com/37be3rs ti nyurl.com/35dorf6 enrollment). Whether progress on “Gender Inequality and the MDGs: “Our Bodies Are Sti ll Trembling: Haiti an maternal health will be sustained What are the Missing Dimensions?” Women’s Fight Against Rape,” 2010, 43 with moving of services from village 2010, 8 pp. How does women’s control pp. Six months aft er the earthquake in subcenters to PHCs is contested. There over resources impact poverty and Haiti , we see a conti nued crisis of safety is litt le coherence between policies on hunger? How does women’s decision- and security in the displacement camps poverty, gender equity and SRHR, with making power in the family and that has exacerbated the already grave each moving in diff erent directi ons and household infl uence educati on? How problem of sexual violence. In May each not addressing deep-rooted causes is women’s physical security linked to and June, MADRE joined delegati ons of poverty, gender inequality and SRHR maternal mortality? What about the coordinated by the Lawyers’ Earthquake violati ons. Among key ways forward, the other MDG targets? These are some of Response Network (LERN) to Haiti to study points to the need to integrate the questi ons answered in this paper. investi gate the problem of rape and human rights declarati ons, Cairo ICPD The OECD Development Centre suggests other gender-based violence in the agenda, and the Beijing PFA agenda with that gender issues have a direct and camps. We found that women are being gender and equity issues crosscutti ng profound impact on several other MDG raped at an alarming rate every day across all Millennium Development targets. The Centre has developed a in camps throughout Port-au-Prince. Goals and nati onal/state planning framework to monitor the discriminati on The Haiti an Government, the UN and processes. The paper recommends that against women by social insti tuti ons. others in the internati onal community the dominant paradigm of privati zati on These so-called SIGI indicators (Social have failed to adequately address the of agricultural land, common property Insti tuti ons Gender Index) include situati on. Women, especially poor resources, health and other services also variables such as violence against women, have been excluded from full be questi oned. women, acceptance of polygamy or parti cipati on and leadership in the ownership rights of women. The study relief eff ort. This report aims to bring to MICROCON shows that countries in which societi es light the crisis and guide governments, ti nyurl.com/3hssxvn strongly discriminate against women internati onal organizati ons and other “Challenges and Opportuniti es for tend to score poorly in several of the stakeholders in providing for even more Women’s Land Rights in Post-Confl ict Millennium Development Goals. eff ecti ve protecti on and promoti on of Northern Uganda,” by Fredrick women’s human rights in Haiti . Immanuel Kindi, 2010, 35 pp. From Practical Action [Intermediate the late 1980s to 2006, the northern Technology Development Group] MDG 5 Watch region of Uganda underwent an armed ti nyurl.com/35wt3ve ti nyurl.com/42v8786 confl ict between the government of “Integrati ng Approaches: Sustainable “Coherence or Disjuncti on? Tamil Nadu Uganda and the rebel group led by Livelihoods, Disaster Risk Reducti on Policies and Progress on MDGs, Poverty, Joseph Kony. The confl ict displaced and Climate Change Adaptati on,” 2010, Gender Equity, and SRHR,” by Ranjani virtually the enti re populati on of the 12 pp. Disasters and climate change are K. Murthy et al, 2010, 60 pp. This paper region resulti ng in people living in increasingly infl uencing the att ainment looks at the progress the Tamil Nadu Internally Displaced Peoples’ camps by of development objecti ves. Poor people state has made in achieving the MDGs, 1990. As the war ended, many people regularly face hazards and stresses which with a focus on poverty, gender equity left the camps to return to their former undermine their lives and producti on and SRHR. The study argues that in spite villages. The journey back home has systems, and on occasions result in of economic growth, the state as per not been easy, however. Women in widespread disaster. Climate change is offi cial stati sti cs is behind on several parti cular are facing many challenges, causing many hazards and stresses to gender, poverty and universal RH MDG especially related to access, ownership, increase in frequency and intensity. The targets/indicators (while doing well and use of land. Using data that was unpredictability of future climate and on maternal health targets), let alone qualitati vely gathered in two IDP camps weather patt erns means that potenti al broader SRHR issues. This is more so in Gulu district, northern Uganda, the 8 MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS pathways out of poverty are less the two. The report assesses the would like to move towards UHC, the obvious. In December 2009, Practi cal fi nancial, administrati ve, and politi cal discussion is oft en derailed by questi ons Acti on hosted a seminar bringing constraints for parti cipatory planning. about feasibility and cost. The fi ndings together academics, practi ti oners and Administrati ve level identi fi cati on of described in this report suggest that the policy-makers to explore how thinking the developmental issues, it states, is cost of transiti oning towards universal on climate change adaptati on and criti cal because they vary from locality health coverage may be lower than disaster risk reducti on can be integrated to locality. But administrati ve level assumed. with sustainable livelihoods approaches plans may be irrelevant to the felt for more eff ecti ve and sustained poverty needs of the grassroots communiti es Sardar Patel Institute of Economic and reducti on. This briefi ng paper provides because they indicate district offi cers’ Social Research Working Paper Series an overview of the theme of the percepti ons about the communiti es’ www.spiesr.ac.in/publicati on.htm seminar, followed by summaries of the need leading to poor ownership of the “Working Paper #3: Female presentati ons made there. process and outcome. Parti cipatory Employment in India: Trends and planning approaches are more Underlying Processes in the Era of Quality of Government Institute appealing to development practi ti oners Reforms,” by Niti Mehta, 2010, 22 pp. ti nyurl.com/2v8d9qz because identi fi cati on of problems The paper deals with the structure “Variati on in Corrupti on between and implementati on of soluti ons is of sectoral output and producti vity Mexican States: Elaborati ng the Gender done by the people themselves albeit diff erenti als between the broad sectors Perspecti ve,” by Lena Wängnerud, with central government support. to contextualize women’s employment 2010, 24 pp. Cross-country comparati ve Parti cipatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) can in India. Whether the macro-level studies show that a high number of raise expectati ons among the grassroots, output growth patt ern and development women in elected offi ce is related to a and create the risk that expectati ons aspects such as poverty, illiteracy, and low level of corrupti on. Whether there may be frustrated at the implementati on asset ownership have a bearing on is a causal relati onship is disputed. stage. Parti cipatory planning can, to female employment in rural areas is However, sub-nati onal analyses confi rm some extent, be improved through PRA tested at the state level. Analysis reveals that states with a high number of facilitati on. The report concludes that that the employment structure in India women elected tend to display lower for parti cipatory planning to be eff ecti ve, has led to a polarizati on of skills such levels of corrupti on than states with the relati onship between PRA-based that women predominate in low-paid, a low number of women elected. parti cipatory planning at local level low-skill work. While there is persistence This paper uses data from Mexico to and overall district planning have to of an anomalous relati onship of female confront existi ng hypotheses in the fi eld be harmonized. For decentralized workforce parti cipati on rates and female of gender and corrupti on and make planning to be eff ecti ve, there must employment in primary sectors in terms adjustments that further elaborate be a commitment from the central of underlying factors, agriculture is a the gender perspecti ve. It fi nds that government and the devoluti on of last resort opti on for a majority of the the Mexican case strengthens the idea responsibiliti es to the local authoriti es. women workers in rural India. Women that there are important links between form a substanti al proporti on of the gender and corrupti on. Rockefeller Foundation service sector, but their concentrati on in ti nyurl.com/3ypxjcy personal services in urban areas points Research on Poverty Alleviation “Catalyzing Change: The System Reform toward distress-driven employment ti nyurl.com/4sxv7j Costs of Universal Health Coverage,” growth. Higher concentrati on of female “When Bott om-Up Meets Top-Down: 2010, 98 pp. A global movement for workforce in low producti vity industries The Limits of Local Parti cipati on in Local universal health coverage (UHC) is under negates the premise that economic Government Planning in Tanzania,” by way, as illustrated by an increasing reforms would create more employment B. Cooksey and I Kikula (eds.), 2010, 63 number of nati ons working toward opportuniti es in modern sectors. In pp. This report discusses district level achieving UHC. This report aims to this context, the most important policy planning as perceived by representati ves call health leaders’ att enti on to the interventi on has to be in the realm of diff erent districts in Tanzania. It refers importance and enhanced feasibility of of strengthening the human capital to planning as a process of making establishing the systems and insti tuti ons base of women workers. The spread choices of interventi ons in pursuit of needed to pursue UHC. It also seeks to of educati on and skill development sustainable development in relati on to quanti fy the transiti on costs associated can empower women workers in the the Millennium Development Goals. It with reforming a health system away country to reap the benefi ts of growth. makes a disti ncti on between top-down from one that relies on out-of-pocket Direct employment generati on and fi scal and bott om-up approaches and points payments and towards one in which incenti ves for expansion of acti viti es that out the lack of clarity among local health expenditures are more evenly use female labor are also desired. offi cials about the disti ncti on between distributed. Although many countries MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 9 UN Department of Peacekeeping educati on has declined between 2004- as well as identi fi es strategies that Operations 2005 and 2007-2008 by 88,164, with can be used to advance their full and ti nyurl.com/378jdng no improvement in the percentage of meaningful parti cipati on at all levels. “Women Count for Peace: The 2010 girls enrolled. The report also found that Based primarily on a series of in-depth Open Days on Women, Peace and for every 100 boys enrolled in primary interviews and consultati ons carried Security,” 2010, 112 pp. On the 10th schools in Iraq, there are just under out with more than 100 key informants, anniversary of Resoluti on 1325, the 89 girls. This underrepresentati on of including insti tuti onal leaders, women UN organized Open Days on Women, girls in primary school in Iraq has been leaders and decision-makers as well as Peace and Security in confl ict-aff ected known for many years. The fact that case studies, fi ve key fi ndings emerged areas. These meeti ngs were designed to there are declining numbers of girls in from this review that argue for a more enable direct dialogue between women’s each successive grade has also been dedicated commitment to developing peacebuilding organizati ons and women identi fi ed in the analyses of the data. women as agents of change and acti ve community leaders, and senior UN Analysis of the 2007-2008 data shows partners in defi ning and implementi ng representati on at the country level. The the same picture. The current data soluti ons from the community to the purpose was to seek women’s views on replicate previously available data in global levels in order to transform the means of improving implementati on showing a generally declining percentage AIDS response. The study concludes of Resoluti on 1325. At these meeti ngs, of girls in each successive primary school with ten acti onable recommendati ons— women expressed their expectati on that grade. There is also a major issue with aimed at donors, nati onal governments the United Nati ons will take advantage the number of children in each grade and other insti tuti onal leaders in the of the criti cal opportunity provided by who are over-age. To address the issues AIDS response—addressing the various the 10th anniversary of Resoluti on 1325 identi fi ed, two sets of recommendati ons systemic obstacles women face to their to act as a partner and lead on women’s are included in this report. The fi rst for parti cipati on and the need for longer rights in confl ict and post-confl ict the government and educati on services term commitments to increase resources setti ngs. This report provides an account in Iraq to address key policy issues and to reduce women’s vulnerability to HIV of the Open Days. It details women’s their implementati on; the second for the and AIDS. perspecti ves on resolving confl ict and Educati on Secti on of UNICEF Iraq are for building peace more eff ecti vely, identi fi es considerati on for inclusion in their work ti nyurl.com/3aob6ab issues of common concern across plan as is drawn up for the support of the “Pakistan Floods 2010: Rapid Gender diff erent contexts—as well as areas of provision of educati on in Iraq. Needs Assessment of Flood-Aff ected divergence—and makes proposals for Communiti es,” 2010, 84 pp. Following improving internati onal, regional and UNIFEM the fl oods in the Summer of 2010 that nati onal eff orts to protect women and ti nyurl.com/2f8spyn have aff ected the lives and livelihoods promote peace. “Transforming the Nati onal AIDS of millions of people in Pakistan, Response: Advancing Women’s UNIFEM is working to ensure that UNICEF Leadership and Parti cipati on,” 2010, 48 gender concerns are fully integrated ti nyurl.com/3a5s8un pp. This publicati on is the second in a into relief and recovery operati ons. In “Girls Educati on in Iraq 2010,” 69 series of resource guides dedicated to parti cular, UNIFEM focuses on supporti ng pp. This report contains a situati on highlighti ng strategies for incorporati ng assessments of the conditi ons and analysis of girls’ educati on in Iraq gender equality and women’s rights into needs of women and girls in aff ected and recommendati ons for improving nati onal HIV and AIDS responses. This areas, and on preventi ng, monitoring girls’ access to good quality schooling. publicati on discusses various approaches and addressing gender-based violence The situati on analysis is based on for advancing women’s leadership and among vulnerable populati ons. This enrolment data provided by the meaningful parti cipati on of HIV-positi ve Rapid Gender Needs Assessment report Ministry of Educati on in Iraq, a range women in the AIDS response. With very analyzes emerging trends and data from: of currently available reports and other litt le and inconsistent monitoring of a Gender Needs Assessment (GNA) documentati on, and on the responses of involvement by key stakeholders at global survey conducted with 253 respondents; 80 Iraqi girls to a questi onnaire relati ng and nati onal levels, this study, conducted the Multi -cluster Rapid Assessment to their own experiences of school and in collaborati on with the ATHENA Mechanism (McRAM) conducted by UN their views on girls’ educati on. The network, sets out to locate where and OCHA; 141 case studies that UNIFEM picture is incomplete because no data in what ways, parti cularly women and collected from across Pakistan in the on girls’ att endance or success rates are those most aff ected by the epidemic, immediate aft ermath of the fl oods; and available and these are crucial to a full are parti cipati ng in the response. It other emerging secondary informati on, situati onal analysis. In Iraq the overall also assesses the opportuniti es for including secondary literature on the number of children receiving primary and challenges to that parti cipati on impact of fl oods produced by various 1100 MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS organizati ons, as well as media briefs informati on that contributes to a more nongovernmental, academic and other and reports. The assessment report systemati c and eff ecti ve approach sectors. chronologically maps gender-related to partnerships and to identi fy concerns from the onset of fl oods to opportuniti es, challenges, good practi ces United Nations Population Fund current relief camps, identi fying gaps and lessons learned, which would (UNFPA) in informati on and fl agging issues for enhance and strengthen UNIFEM’s www.unfpa.org/swp upcoming stages of early recovery. It is partnerships with regional organizati ons. “The State of the World’s Populati on– structured into two broad categories of From Confl ict and Crisis to Renewal: practi cal and strategic gender needs: United Nations Development Generati ons of Change,” 2010, 166 pp. protecti on of rights related to basic Programme (UNDP), UN The report’s release coincides with the necessiti es of life; and protecti on of life, Development Fund for Women 10th anniversary of the United Nati ons security, integrity and dignity. (UNIFEM) Security Council’s landmark Resoluti on ti nyurl.com/2wzl3wv 1325, which aimed to put a stop to ti nyurl.com/33s9qcc “UNDG Millennium Development sexual violence against women and “Evaluati on Report: UNIFEM’s Goals Themati c Papers,” 2010, 56 girls in armed confl ict and to encourage Partnerships with Regional pp. This paper focuses on Millennium greater parti cipati on by women in Organizati ons to Advance Gender Development Goal 3 (MDG3): Promote peacebuilding initi ati ves. Has the Equality,” 2010, 208 pp. This evaluati on Gender Equality and Empower Women, resoluti on made any diff erence in the analyzes UNIFEM’s Partnerships with and was produced collaborati vely by struggle against gender-based violence? Regional Organizati ons to Advance UNDG members, led by UNIFEM and Are women in war-torn countries faring Gender Equality. This is one of three UNDP. The paper identi fi es promising any bett er today than they were a corporate evaluati ons undertaken by or successful experiences in country decade ago? Do women fi nally have a UNIFEM between 2008 and 2009, and eff orts to move towards achieving place at the table in peace negoti ati ons it sets out to assess the relevance, MDG3, and summarizes key lessons and in reconstructi on? Through the eff ecti veness and sustainability of and future measures conducive to stories of individuals aff ected by the organizati on’s work with regional accelerati ng progress. The focus of confl ict or catastrophe in Bosnia and intergovernmental organizati ons the paper is on the nati onal and local Herzegovina, Haiti , Iraq, Jordan, Liberia, globally, with an in-depth focus on level; on country-led (rather than UN) the Occupied Palesti nian Territory, Africa, Lati n America and the Caribbean. eff orts; and on a range of immediate Timor-Leste and Uganda, the report The report’s main objecti ves are to and underlying factors that appear to shows how communiti es and civil bett er understand the context and be important or essenti al in enabling society are healing old wounds and parameters of UNIFEM’s partnerships progress under diff ering conditi ons moving forward. However, more sti ll with regional organizati ons, determine and country circumstances. The paper needs to be done to ensure that women how partnerships contribute to draws on the ideas, experiences and have access to services and have a voice insti tuti onal change and progress advice of a considerable range of UN in peace deals or reconstructi on plans. towards gender equality, to provide agencies and experts, including from United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) ti nyurl.com/2v5z2j8 “Faith-Based Organizati ons and Service Delivery Some Gender Conundrums,” by Mariz Tadros, 2010, 36 pp. This paper deals specifi cally with faith- based organizati ons (FBOs) delivering services with the aim of contributi ng to the debates on religious organizati ons’ engagement with questi ons of gender. The paper presents no conclusions or generic fi ndings about this; instead, by fl agging a series of conundrums, it questi ons the ways in which FBOs have been framed as positi ve agents for the advancement of gender equality.

MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 1111 ti nyurl.com/28ah79n inclusive development strategy: patt erns alternati ve pathways toward the “Childcare Service Expansion in Chile of growth and structural change, reducti on of poverty and inequality. and Mexico: For Women or Children or comprehensive social policies, and the The paper discusses these relati onships Both?,” by Roberto Gerhard and Silke protecti on of civic rights, acti vism and by combining livelihoods frameworks Staab, 2010, 44 pp. Over the last few politi cal arrangements. The report lays and a simple state/market/civil society years, several middle-income countries, out a range of policies and insti tuti onal framework, which help frame the including Chile, Mexico and Uruguay, measures that countries can adopt to policies and insti tuti onal components have increased the availability of early alleviate poverty and inequality. It will of livelihoods frameworks as products childhood educati on and care (ECEC) thus be of interest to policy, scholarly of the interacti ons and power relati ons services. This service expansion is and acti vist audiences. among actors operati ng in these three qualitati vely diff erent from conditi onal spheres. cash transfer programs which have ti nyurl.com/2ugsglc mushroomed in the region. Feminist “Social Movements and Poverty Women’s Environment and scholars have tended to view these in Developing Countries,” 2010, 56 Development Organization (WEDO) programs criti cally, fearing that sti pends pp. Poverty and inequality are both ti nyurl.com/3ykddy2 combined with care conditi onaliti es products and producers of the prevailing “Women and Gender Equality Texts reinforce traditi onal gender roles and relati onships of power in a society. By Included in Outcome of Copenhagen: add to the total workload of poor many defi niti ons, social movements are “Draft Decisions Presented to the women, while doing litt le to improve understood as questi oning the nature Conference of the Parti es at its women’s long-term economic security. and exercise of power in society. As Fift eenth Session for Considerati on Childcare services, in contrast, are such they also play roles in challenging and Adopti on,” 2010, 2 pp. Climate explicitly aimed at (or implicitly relati onships of poverty and inequality. change has a range of direct and facilitate) the commodifi cati on of female This paper explores some of these roles. indirect impacts on the full enjoyment labor and the defamilializati on of care. The paper fi rst discusses characteristi cs of human rights. This document The fact that recent developments in of social movements—their moti vati ons, presents some recommendati ons put this area have received litt le scholarly emergence and strategies. Languages forward by the WEDO to mainstream att enti on so far leaves the (surely of justi ce and rights are far more gender in the Outcome document of unintended) impression that Lati n prominent in social movements than the Copenhagen summit on climate American social policy is unalterably are languages of poverty reducti on. change. This draft recommends the stuck on a familialist track. This paper Movements rarely take on the mantle inclusion of an enhanced acti on on looks at recent eff orts to expand ECEC of “being poor” as an identi ty-based adaptati on and capacity building, services for children up to three years grievance, and few movement leaders such as parti cipatory approaches old in Chile and Mexico. think of themselves or their bases in which include women. Additi ons are this way. Indeed, many movements also proposed for a number of draft ti nyurl.com/3994c27 argue that a policy focus on poverty decisions such as policy approaches and “Combati ng Poverty and Inequality: is depoliti cizing and diverts att enti on positi ve incenti ves on issues relati ng to Structural Change, Social Policy and from structures of inequality and reducing emissions from deforestati on Politi cs (UNRISD Flagship Report),” exclusion. While this does not mean that and forest degradati on in developing 2010, 360 pp. Poverty reducti on is a movements are irrelevant to poverty, it countries and the role of conservati on, central feature of the internati onal does imply that to bring the two themes sustainable management of forests development agenda and contemporary together requires a parti cular framing and enhancement of forest carbon poverty reducti on strategies increasingly of poverty (as more than income- stocks in developing countries. In this focus on “targeti ng the poor,” yet based), of the causes of poverty (as specifi c area the draft requests that poverty and inequality remain rooted, ulti mately, in relati onships of developing countries, when developing intractable foes. This report argues that power), and of policy (as determined, and implementi ng their nati onal strategy this is because many current approaches ulti mately, by politi cal processes in or acti on plan, address drivers of to reducing poverty and inequality fail which movements are one of many deforestati on and forest degradati on, to consider key insti tuti onal, policy actors). It is from this starti ng point that land tenure issues, forest governance and politi cal dimensions that may be the paper argues that movements are issues, and gender considerati ons both causes of poverty and inequality in fact of great relevance to discussions to ensure the full and eff ecti ve and obstacles to their reducti on. The of poverty reducti on. This is so both parti cipati on of relevant stakeholders. report is structured around three because they challenge dominant ways main issues, which, it argues, are the in which poverty is understood, and criti cal elements of a sustainable and because their own acti ons suggest

1122 MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS PPeriodicalseriodicals

Development • Development as if Gender Matt ers, by International Labour Review Volume 53, Number 2, 2010 Wendy Harcourt Volume 149, Number 4, December 2010 The following arti cles appear in • Time to Call the Bluff : (De)- Special issue ti tled Underpaid and the Special Issue on Gender and Constructi ng ‘Women’s Vulnerability,’ Overworked—A Cross-Nati onal Empowerment: HIV and Sexual Health, by Jerker Perspecti ve on Care Workers includes • Editorial: Lady Gaga Meets Ban Ki- Edström the following arti cles: Moon, by Wendy Harcourt • Communicati ng Empowerment: • How Care Work Employment Shapes • Introducti on: Women’s Countering the Cardboard Woman, by Earnings in a Cross-Nati onal Perspecti ve, Empowerment: Contenti ons and Tessa Lewin by Michelle J. Budig and Joya Misra Contestati ons, by Andrea Cornwall and • Pleasure and Empowerment: • Social Care Expansion and Reform: Nana Akua Anyidoho Connecti ons and Disconnecti ons, by The Implicati ons for Careworkers in • Power, Respect and Solidarity: In Susie Jolly South Korea, by Ito Peng Conversati on with Peggy Antrobus and • Women’s Empowerment in Brazil: • Care Practi ces and Care Bargains: Gita Sen Tensions in Discourse and Practi ce, by Paid Domesti c Workers and Anganwadi • Empowerment, Women’s Bodies and Cecilia M B Sardenberg Workers in India, by Rajni Palriwala and Freedom: In Conversati on with Khawar • Nati onal Discourses on Women’s Neetha N Mumtaz and Jacqueline Pitanguy Empowerment in Bangladesh: Enabling • Care Workers in Argenti na: At the • Challenging Empowerment, by Patricia or Constraining Women’s Choices?, by Crossroads of Labour Market Insti tuti ons McFadden Sohela Nazneen, Maheen Sultan and and Care Services, by Valeria Esquivel • Emancipati on and its Failures, by Naomi Hossain • Nurses, Home-Based Caregivers and Viviene Taylor • Empowerment as Resistance: the (Dis-)Conti nuum of Care in Tanzania, • Economics, Assets and Empowerment, Conceptualizing Palesti nian Women’s by Ruth Meena by Caren Grown Empowerment, by Eileen Kutt ab • Hierarchies of Care Work in South • Empowerment as Change, by Raewyn • Power, Politi cs and Development in Africa: Nurses, Social Workers and Connell the Arab Context: Or How Can Rearing Home-based Care Workers, by Francie • The Ethics of Empowerment, by Chicks Change Patriarchy?, by Hania Lund Christi ne Koggel Sholkamy • The Globalizati on of Paid Care Labour • Let’s Talk about Women’s Human • The Meaning and Practi ce of Women’s Migrati on: Policy Issues, Approaches Rights, by Helen O’Connell Empowerment in Post-Confl ict Sierra and Responses, by Nicola Yeates • Criti cal Perspecti ves on Leone, by Hussaina J Abdullah and Aisha Empowerment, by Rosalind Petchesky Fofana-Ibrahim IUCN Forest Conservation Programme • Sexuality, Gender and Empowerment, • Discourses on Women’s Newsletter by Sonia Corrêa Empowerment in Ghana, by Nana Akua Issue 43, 2011 • Empowerment and Transgender, by Anyidoho and Takyiwaa Manuh The Att ending to Gender in Forests Issue Chloe Schwenke • What if the Girls Don’t Want to be includes the following arti cles: • Empowerment from the Businesswomen?: Discursive Dissonance • Internati onal Initi ati ve: Gender and Semiperiphery Perspecti ve, by Marina in a Global Policy Space, by Rosalind REDD+ Blagojević Eyben • Women and Forest Ownership: • Empowerment of Women in Bulgaria, • Resources on Women’s Gender and Tenure in the Philippines; by Jivka Marinova Empowerment: Films, Photos, Women Owning Woodlands in the US; • Empowerment from Below, by Alan Audiovisuals and Music, compiled by Women and Cash Crops in Tanzania Greig Laura Fano Morrissey and Tessa Lewin • Women’s Exclusion from Forestry • Empowerment for Grassroots Women, • Insti tuti ons Working on Gender and • Women and Community Forestry: by Esther Mwaura-Muiru Empowerment, compiled by Laura Fano Gendering Joint Forest Management; • Empowerment through Interventi ons Morrissey Women’s Microfi nance and Forest for Women’s Collecti ve Agency, by Jean • Revealed Citi es: A Photovoice Project Conservati on; Empowering the Excluded N Kamau with Domesti c Workers in Salvador, in Nepal; Women and Woodlots in • Beijing +15 from Hopes to Brazil, by Andrea Cornwall, Fernanda Tanzania Disappointment and Non-Accountability, Capibaribe and Terezinha Gonçalves • Women and Climate Change: Women by Lydia Alpízar Durán in REDD; All in one bucket? Combining

1133 Adapti on and Miti gati on for Women’s Uban Uganda, by Flavia Zalwango, Moral Ambiguity and the Criteria for Empowerment Lina Eriksson, Janet Seeley, Sarah Help among Street Sex Workers, by Jill Nakamanya, Judith Vandepitt e, and Linnett e McCracken Wagadu: A Journal of Heiner Grosskurth • Illegal Lives, Loves, and Work: The Transnational Women’s and • Fare Tales and Fairy Tails: How Gay Eff ects of Criminalizati on on Sex Gender Studies Sex Tourism is Shaping the Brazilian Workers in Canada, by Emily van der Volume 8, 2010 Dream, by Gregory Mitchell Meulen Special Editi on: Demysti fying Sex Work • Agents or Victi ms? Youth Sex Workers • The Consequences of Arbitrary and and Sex Workers includes the following on the U.S.-Mexico Border, by Yasmina Selecti ve Enforcement of Prosti tuti on arti cles: Katsulis Laws, by Norma Jean Almodovar • Editorial, by Susan Dewey • Our Lady of Help: Sex, Tourism • Negoti ati ng Contradictory • ”Yeah, he’s my Daddy:” Linguisti c and Transnati onal Movements in Expectati ons: Stories from “Secret” Sex Constructi ons of Ficti ve Kinships in a Copacabana, by Thaddeus Gregory Workers in Andhra Pradesh, by Annie Street-Level Sex Work Community, by Blanchett e and Ana Paula Silva George Kathleen Weinkauf • Focusing on the Child, not the • Writi ng Sex Work Online: the Case of • Complexity of Female Sex Workers’ Prosti tute: Shift ing the Emphasis in Belle de Jour, by Debra Ferreday Collecti ve Acti ons in Postsocialist Accounts of Child Prosti tuti on, by • *Sex Work for the Soul, by Lucinda China, by Tianti an Zheng Heather Kate Montgomery Blissbomb • Parenti ng and Money Making: • “Some of Them, They Do Right; Sex Work and Women’s Choices in Some of Them, They Do Wrong:” BBooksooks

Center for Development and Population war-torn northern Uganda to the edge the Inter-American Commission on Activities (CEDPA) of the Rocky Mountains in the United Human Rights, the European Court www.cedpa.org States, these women leaders share of Human Rights, the Internati onal Redistributi ng Power: Stories from their struggles, their evoluti on and the Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the Women Leading the Fight Against AIDS, passion they have for empowering those Internati onal Criminal Tribunal for the by Cynthia Powell, Eva V. Cantrell, and around them. former Yugoslavia, the Special Court for Reshma Trasi, 2011, 20 pp. In 2006, the Sierra Leone and the Committ ee on the “Advancing Women’s Leadership and Center for Justice and International Eliminati on of Discriminati on Against Advocacy for AIDS Acti on” initi ati ve Law (CEJIL) Women. Summaries of Jurisprudence was launched to equip and empower www.cejil.org/en classifi es judgments on cases ranging a cadre of women from around the Summaries of Jurisprudence: from domesti c violence in Brazil, world with the knowledge and skills to Gender-Based Violence, 2011, 381 aborti on rights in Poland and sexual strengthen and lead the global response pp. This compilati on of internati onal violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to AIDS. Implemented by a consorti um standards presents a broad outlook Rwanda, to the emblemati c “Cott on led by the Centre for Development and on the reality facing women in a wide Field” case regarding the assassinati on Populati on Acti viti es and including the range of contexts around the world. of young women on the border state of Internati onal Center for Research on The publicati on sheds light on the Chihuahua, Mexico. Women, the Internati onal Community undeniable persistence of gender-based of Women Living with HIV/AIDS and violence across the globe, despite Duke University Press the Nati onal Minority AIDS Council, the the development of domesti c and www.dukeupress.edu initi ati ve consisted of six global, regional internati onal law in this area. Supported Reproducti on, Globalizati on, and and nati onal workshops designed to by its vast liti gati on experience before the State: New Theoreti cal and enhance parti cipants’ confi dence and the Inter-American System, CEJIL has Ethnographic Perspecti ves, edited self-effi cacy, strengthen their program selected some of the most paradigmati c by Carole H. Browner and Carolyn management skills and expand their cases which have moti vated a response F. Sargent, 2011, 304 pp. This book professional networks. This publicati on from internati onal human rights conceptualizes and puts into practi ce profi les seven extraordinary women who protecti on bodies, including the Inter- a global anthropology of reproducti on passed through the program. From civil American Court of Human Rights, and reproducti ve health. Leading 1144 anthropologists off er new perspecti ves and Jules Prett y, 2010, 275 pp. There is gap in development. It shows that the on how transnati onal migrati on and a growing recogniti on that the diversity agriculture sector is underperforming global fl ows of communicati ons, of life comprises both biological and in many developing countries, and that commoditi es, and biotechnologies aff ect cultural diversity. But this division is not one of the key reasons is that women do the reproducti ve lives of women and universal and, in many cases, has been not have equal access to the resources men in diverse societi es throughout deepened by the common disciplinary and opportuniti es they need to be more the world. Based on research in Africa, divide between the natural and social producti ve. This report clearly confi rms the Americas, Asia, and Western sciences and our apparent need to that the Millennium Development Europe, their fascinati ng ethnographies manage and control nature. This book Goals on gender equality (MDG3) and provide insight into reproducti on and goes beyond divisive defi niti ons and poverty and food security (MDG1) are reproducti ve health broadly conceived investi gates the bridges linking biological mutually reinforcing. While women’s to encompass populati on control, and cultural diversity. The authors roles vary across regions, everywhere HIV/AIDS, assisted reproducti ve explore the common drivers of loss, they face gender-specifi c constraints technologies, paternity tests, sex work, and argue that policy responses should that reduce their producti vity and and humanitarian assistance. The target both forms of diversity in a novel limit their contributi ons to agricultural contributors address the methodological integrati ve approach to conservati on, producti on, economic growth and the challenges of research on globalizati on, thus reducing the gap between science, wellbeing of their families, communiti es including ways of combining fi ne- policy and practi ce. While conserving and countries. Ulti mately, the book grained ethnography with analyses of nature alongside human cultures asserts that the constraints women large-scale politi cal, economic, and presents unique challenges, this book face are oft en interrelated and need to ideological forces. Their essays reveal forcefully shows that any hope for saving be addressed holisti cally. This book is complex interacti ons among global and biological diversity is predicated on a available online at: htt p://bit.ly/hXj1zu. state populati on policies and politi cs; concomitant eff ort to appreciate and public health, human rights, and protect cultural diversity. Gender Links feminist movements; diverse medical www.genderlinks.org systems; various religious practi ces, Edward Elgar Publishing Gender in Media Educati on: An Audit doctrines, and insti tuti ons; and inti mate www.e-elgar.com of Gender in Journalism and Media relati onships and individual aspirati ons. The Internati onal Handbook of Gender Educati on and Training, by P. Made and and Poverty: Concepts, Research, K. Rama, 2010, 116 pp. The Gender in Terrorizing Women, edited by Rosa- Policy, edited by Sylvia Chant, 2010, Media Educati on in Southern Africa Linda Fregoso and Cynthia Bejarano, 698 pp. Edited and writt en by leading (GIME) project claims to be the most 2010, 416 pp. Terrorizing Women is an scholars and policy advisers, the comprehensive gender audit undertaken impassioned yet rigorously analyti cal Handbook comprehensively covers in journalism/media educati on and response to the escalati on of violence the key themes that are vital to training in the region. The study, against women in Lati n America during understanding poverty as a gendered covering 25 insti tuti ons in 13 countries, the past two decades. It is part of a process, combining policy lessons with was conducted from October 2009 to feminist eff ort to categorize violence theoreti cal insight. While each of the April 2010 by the media development rooted in gender power structures as a arti cles in this impressive collecti on NGOs Gender Links (GL) and Gender violati on of human rights. The analyti cal make an original contributi on to the and Media Diversity (GMDC). Some key framework of “feminicide” is crucial to conceptual, empirical and policy analysis fi ndings of this audit are: in journalism that eff ort, as Fregoso and Bejarano of gender and poverty, together they and media departments, males comprise explain in their introducti on. They defi ne provide a comprehensive overview of the majority of academic staff while feminicide as gender-based violence the fi eld and an essenti al resource for all females comprise the majority of that implicates both the state (directly or secti ons of the development community. students; though gender is considered in indirectly) and individual perpetrators. some curriculum policies and processes, Feminicide is structural violence rooted Food and Agriculture Organization very few insti tuti onal structures ensure in social, politi cal, economic and cultural (FAO) gender is included in the curriculum; inequaliti es, and should be considered a www.fao.org and although there is a strong desire “crime against humanity.” The State of Food and Agriculture 2010- to integrate gender into teaching and 2011: Women in Agriculture—Closing learning, there is a lack of knowledge Earthscan Publications Ltd. the Gender Gap for Development, about how to do it. The conclusions and www.earthscan.co.uk 2011, 160 pp. This editi on of The State recommendati ons address developing Nature and Culture: Rebuilding Lost of Food and Agriculture addresses gender-responsive policy frameworks at Connecti ons, edited by Sarah Pilgrim women in agriculture and the gender the insti tuti onal level, training teaching

BBOOKSOOKS 1155 staff , enhancing gender content in the of human rights. He then explores microfi nance operati ons. In a series curriculum, networking with the media the changing global context of human of ethnographic cases, Karim shows industry and NGOs, etc. rights issues, the nature and status of how NGOs use social codes of honor human rights within that context, and and shame to shape the conduct of Kumarian Press recent insti tuti onal responses. With women and to further an agenda of www.kpbooks.com its emphasis on policy and process, his capitalist expansion. These unwritt en Inside the Everyday Lives of book off ers a rich analysis of the politi cs policies subordinate poor women to Development Workers: The Challenges of today’s human rights regime. multi ple levels of debt that oft en lead to and Futures of Aidland, edited by increased violence at the household and Heather Hindman and Anne-Meike Organization for Economic Co- community levels, thereby weakening Fechter, 2010, 296 pp. Much and Operation and Development (OECD) women’s ability to resist the onslaught warranted att enti on is paid to the lives www.oecd.org of market forces. A compelling criti que of aid recipients—their household Tackling Inequaliti es in Brazil, China, of the relati onship between powerful lives, saving habits, gender relati ons, India and South Africa: The Role of NGOs and the fi nancially strapped etc. It’s held that a key to measuring Labor Market and Social Policies, 2010, women beholden to them for capital, the eff ecti veness of aid is contained 312 pp. Greater integrati on into the this book cauti ons us to be vigilant in such details. Rarely, however, is world economy and important policy about the social realiti es within which the lens turned on the lives of aid reforms have resulted in Brazil, China, women and loans circulate—realiti es workers themselves. Yet the seemingly India and South Africa becoming major that oft en have adverse eff ects on impersonal network of agencies and actors in the globalizati on process, with the lives of the very women these donors that formulate and implement impressive results in terms of economic operati ons are meant to help. policy are composed of real people with growth, social development and complex moti vati ons and experiences poverty reducti on. But the benefi ts of The World Bank that might also provide important stronger growth have not always been ti nyurl.com/32d4hmg lessons about development’s failures shared equally and income inequality The Other Half of Gender–Men’s Issues and successes. Hindman and Fechter has remained at very high levels. This in Development, edited by Maria C. break new ground by illuminati ng the book focuses on the role of growth Correia and Ian Bannon, 2006, 340 social and cultural world of the aid and employment/unemployment pp. This book is an att empt to bring agency, a world that is neglected in developments in explaining recent the gender and development debate most discussions of aid policy. They income inequality trends in Brazil, China, full circle, from a much-needed focus examine how aid workers’ moral India and South Africa, and discusses the on empowering women to a more beliefs interlink and confl ict with their roles played by labor market and social comprehensive gender framework initi al moti vati ons, how they relate policies in both shaping and addressing that considers gender as a system that to aid benefi ciaries, their local NGO these inequaliti es. aff ects both women and men. The counterparts, and other aid workers, chapters in the book explore defi niti ons their views on race and sexuality, the University of Minnesota Press of masculinity and male identi ti es in eff ect of transient lifestyles and insider www.upress.umn.edu a variety of social contexts, drawing language, and the security and family Microfi nance and Its Discontents: from experiences in Lati n America, the issues that come with choosing such Women in Debt in Bangladesh, by Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa. In a career. Ulti mately, they arrive at a Lamia Karim, 2011, 296 pp. This book the case of Africa, the book explores the more comprehensive understanding off ers the fi rst feminist criti que of the Rwandan tragedy within the conti nent’s of development processes that much-lauded microcredit process in rapid urbanizati on and growing male acknowledges a rich web of Bangladesh. In 2006 the Grameen Bank youth populati on–how young men relati onships at all levels of the system. of Bangladesh won the Nobel Peace construct their masculinity in the region Prize for its innovati ve microfi nancing and the implicati ons for violence, Lynne Rienner Publishers operati ons. This path-breaking study confl ict and HIV/AIDS. In the case of www.rienner.com of gender, grassroots globalizati on, Lati n America and the Caribbean, Human Rights in the Global Politi cal and neoliberalism in Bangladesh looks the book examines the way in which Economy: Criti cal Processes, by Tony criti cally at the Grameen Bank and three economic changes brought about Evans, 2010, 232 pp. This book criti cally of the leading NGOs in the country. by globalizati on are impacti ng labor investi gates the theory and practi ce Amid euphoria over the benefi ts of markets, the nuclear family and the role of human rights in the current global microfi nance, Lamia Karim off ers a that fatherhood plays in shaping men’s order. The author covers a range of ti mely and sobering perspecti ve on identi ty. Fatherhood is central to men’s contenti ous debates as he considers the practi cal, and possibly detrimental, sense of their own identi ty and the criti ques of the prevailing concepti ons realiti es for poor women inducted into wellbeing of their children.

1166 BBOOKSOOKS This book points out that while there as its starti ng point, each chapter sets are many ways of being a man, some out to redress this imbalance, tackling Sex Slaves and Discourse Masters: ways are more valued than others across the oft en neglected issue of gender in The Constructi on of Traffi cking, by Jo societi es and cultures. It draws on an relati on to migrati on theory. Deozema, 2010, 224 pp. Why is the emerging realizati on that att aining the internati onal community so concerned vision of gender equality will be diffi cult, The New Maids: Transnati onal Women with the fate of prosti tutes abroad? if not impossible, without changing the and the Care Economy, by Helma Lutz, And why does the story of traffi cking ways in which masculiniti es are defi ned 2010, 240 pp. This book examines the sound so familiar? This book argues that and acted upon. relati onship between globalizati on, the current concern with traffi cking in transnati onalism, gender and the women is a modern manifestati on of ZED Books care economy. Addressing the thorny the myth of white slavery. Combining www.zedbooks.co.uk questi ons that surround the increasing historical analysis with contemporary Gender and Migrati on: Feminist number of migrant domesti c workers investi gati on, this book sheds light Perspecti ves, edited by Ingrid Palmary et and cleaners, child-carers and caregivers on the current preoccupati ons with al., November 2010, 208 pp. Migrati on who maintain modern Western traffi cking in women. It examines in has become a key area of preoccupati on households, the author argues that detail sex worker reacti ons for governments, internati onal domesti c work plays the defi ning role to the myth of traffi cking, questi ons the agencies, and human rights acti vists in global ethnic and gender hierarchies. current feminist preoccupati on with the world over. This book argues that Using a central ethnographic study of the “suff ering female body,” and argues studies of migrati on have become too immigrant domesti c workers and their that feminism needs to move towards limited in scope, focusing only on the German employees as its starti ng point, the creati on of new myths. The analysis policy demands of governments and The New Maids uses the voices of such in this book is controversial but crucial, humanitarian agencies, rather than women themselves to provide unique an alternati ve to the current panic assessing the underlying theories and conceptual and evidenti al support for discourses around traffi cking in women. eff ects of human migrati on. With this this vital new approach argument.

SStudytudy OOpportunitiespportunities

Michigan State University to understanding Graduate Specializati on in the diversity Women’s and Gender Studies of women’s Deadline: Rolling Applicati ons lives nati onally htt p://ti nyurl.com/4f56x6c and globally. The graduate specializati on in The graduate Women’s and Gender Studies is specializati on is an electi ve additi on to master’s open to graduate and doctoral degree programs students with at Michigan State University. adequate Once admitt ed to their chosen undergraduate department, students may preparati on in enroll in this program. Jointly women and sponsored by the College gender. Graduate of Arts and Lett ers and the students College of Social Science, the interested in specializati on is designed enrolling in the to provide opportuniti es academic experience in women and specializati on for graduate students to obtain a gender and to foster the growth of should contact the Center for Gender in comprehensive, cross/interdisciplinary interdisciplinary research and teaching Global Context at [email protected]. on women and gender. Emphasis is given 1177 Africa Regional Sexuality Resource candidate from the southern Africa Summer Program on Internati onal Centre countries. The fellowship of 1 to 4 Aff airs and Multi lateral Governance 2011 Sexuality Leadership Development months will be based at the ARSRC’s Deadline: Unspecifi ed Fellowship offi ce in Lagos, Nigeria. The ARSRC has ti nyurl.com/4sj74xe Deadline: April 30 already off ered 3 of the fellowships to At the beginning of the 21st century, ti nyurl.com/4myfb 25 candidates from East, North and West internati onal discussions and acti ons The Africa Regional Sexuality Resource Africa regions. The current call targets play an important part in public and Centre (ARSRC) announces the eighth southern Africa countries. private policy-making. The Program on editi on of its annual Sexuality Leadership Internati onal Aff airs and Multi lateral Development Fellowship (SLDF) Graduate Institute of International Governance provides parti cipants with Program. The ARSRC will off er a very and Development Studies a unique combinati on of academic limited number of highly competi ti ve Executi ve Master in Internati onal experti se and practi cal experience on scholarships on a cost-sharing basis for Negoti ati on and Policy-Making (INP) issues of economic integrati on, human this two-week course which is scheduled Deadline: May 1 rights and humanitarian acti on, health to take place in Lagos Nigeria from htt p://ti nyurl.com/4a3o7ws and environment. This is a one- to July 17-30, 2011. The SLDF addresses This part-ti me program provides deep three-week intensive summer program contemporary sexuality issues and understanding of world issues and from June 6 to 24 2011 in Geneva emerging best practi ce in policy and prepares working professionals to take focusing on fast-changing and complex programming for sexual wellbeing part in multi lateral global governance, transnati onal issues such as global in Africa. This course is designed for decision and policy-making and public goods, health and environment; young African professionals in public internati onal negoti ati on in the public global migrati on, cooperati on and service, civil society acti vists, program and private sectors. development; and security, human rights offi cers/managers in social and humanitarian acti on. development organizati ons or media practi ti oners. Danida Fellowship Center Applicants should be 35 years Course on Gender Mainstreaming old or younger. Minimum Deadline: Unspecifi ed educati onal qualifi cati on is htt p://ti nyurl.com/ydrywn5 a Bachelor’s degree or its In 2004, the Danish Ministry equivalent and demonstrable of Foreign Aff airs published a experience/interest in the strategy for gender equality area of sexuality, sexual “Gender Equality in Danish health and rights, gender Development Collaborati on.” and HIV/AIDS. For more Using the strategy as a starti ng informati on and applicati on point, the course shall assist procedures, please visit the partners in developing countries website. to address gender equality more eff ecti vely in the development Visiti ng Fellows Program collaborati on. Aft er the course, Deadline: Unspecifi ed parti cipants should be able to ti nyurl.com/4vpycro criti cally apply the principles of The Visiti ng Fellows Program gender equality with regard to has been established equality under the law; equality to further the ARSRC’s of opportuniti es; and equality in commitment to increase terms of politi cal and economic Africa-focused research and infl uence in a way that enhances publicati ons on sexuality, gender equality in their work fi eld issues, as well as build and taking the nati onal context links between scholars and into considerati on. This 3 week practi ti oners working in course is off ered in English, French this area in Africa. ARSRC is and Spanish and will be conducted off ering one (1) residenti al November 28-December 16, 2011. fellowship to a suitable

1188 SSTUDYTUDY OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES GGrantsrants aandnd FFellowshipsellowships

Africa Regional Sexuality Resource you choose to apply with will receive policy relevance such as the social Centre funding to compensate your internship determinants of health, and the limited 2011 Sexuality Leadership Development positi on while you strengthen your impact of technological advances on Fellowship resume and gain valuable skills towards health in Africa. CARTA is currently Deadline: April 30 becoming a leader of the future. off ering a fully-funded, collaborati ve ti nyurl.com/4myfb 25 The Post-Graduate Internship will be doctoral training program in public and The Africa Regional Sexuality Resource awarded a $20,000 grant to 2-4 post populati on health. This program has Centre (ARSRC) announces the eighth graduate students with strong academic been developed in response to the great editi on of its annual Sexuality Leadership records to work with an established challenges faced by Africa’s insti tuti ons Development Fellowship (SLDF) nonprofi t with a commitment to the of higher educati on in addressing the Program. The ARSRC will off er a very advancement of LGBT equality for a training and retenti on of the next limited number of highly competi ti ve durati on of 7-9 months. Applicants generati on of academics in the region. scholarships on a cost-sharing basis for should contact host organizati on which Women are parti cularly encouraged to this two-week course which is scheduled they want to work with and co-develop apply. CARTA has also reserved a small to take place in Lagos Nigeria from a successful curriculum encompassing number of scholarships specifi cally for July 17-30, 2011. The SLDF addresses these key elements: Communicati ons, doctoral students conducti ng research contemporary sexuality issues and fundraising, board development and on issues of sexuality and reproducti ve emerging best practi ce in policy and grassroots policy. health and rights. programming for sexual wellbeing in Africa. For more informati on and Consortium for Advanced Research Centers of Excellence in the South applicati on procedures, please visit the Training in Africa Postgraduate Fellowship website. 2011-2012 Fully Funded PhD Deadline: July 31 Fellowships www.owsdw.org Organization for Women in Science for Deadline: July 15 Applicati ons are being accepted for the Developing World ti nyurl.com/4sgpoed the OWSDW Postgraduate Training Prizes for best young women scienti sts The Consorti um for Advanced Research Fellowships for Women Scienti sts from in developing countries Training in Africa (CARTA) is off ering PhD Sub-Saharan Africa and Least Developed Deadline: April 30 Fellowships in public and populati on Countries (LDCs) at Centers of Excellence www.owsdw.org health at African Universiti es. CARTA is in the South. The OWSDW fellowship With the support of TWAS and the an initi ati ve of nine African universiti es, is awarded to women scienti sts from Elsevier Foundati on, prizes of $5,000 will four African research insti tutes, and Sub-Saharan Africa and Least Developed be awarded to the best young female select northern partners, which aims to Countries (LDCs) to pursue a PhD at scienti sts in three categories (biology, develop and deliver an innovati ve model a center of excellence in the Global chemistry and physics/mathemati cs) for doctoral training in Sub-Saharan South in a fi eld of the natural sciences. from each of the four regions of the Africa and to strengthen the capacity Applicati ons are now being accepted developing world (Africa, Arab region, of parti cipati ng insti tuti ons to conduct from female scienti sts in all branches Asia and the Pacifi c, Lati n America and and lead internati onally-competi ti ve of the natural sciences. See under the the Caribbean). research. The CARTA program draws “Acti viti es” page of the website for together disciplines required to address more informati on on the applicati on R. Scott Hitt Foundation the complex processes that infl uence procedure, eligibility criteria and to 2011 Post Graduate Internship in health. These disciplines include download the applicati on form. Leadership Development Epidemiology, Psychology, Biostati sti cs, Deadline: May 13 Anthropology, Health Economics, ti nyurl.com/4tp2q6w Health Promoti on; Demography, The R. Scott Hitt Foundati on is off ering Sociology, Health Systems, Health funding for qualifi ed candidates with the Policy, Development Studies, and their vision to be future leaders in the lesbian, interfaces with the biomedical sciences. gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) The CARTA multi disciplinary approach movement. Applicants do not need to will prepare its graduates to bett er identi fy as LGBT in order to apply. The address questi ons of contemporary pro-LGBT sponsoring organizati on that 1199 CConferencesonferences

Gender and Sexuality project, issue of gender in its social and cultural to present and discuss multi disciplinary Warsaw, Poland contexts. Since its emergence from aspects of female criminality: legal, Queer Sexualiti es feminism, gender studies has become criminological, psychological, gender, May 13-15 one of the most deliberated disciplines. economic, sociological and mass media. ti nyurl.com/24dh2pz The Gender and Sexuality project aims Conference topics include: Punishing This conference would like to take a at an interdisciplinary exchange of women; Female deviance—violence, closer look at broad themes of queer ideas and perspecti ves on the issues drug dealing, traffi c and terroristi c sexualiti es through ti me and space, of femininity and masculinity in the crimes, economic crime; Traffi c non-normati ve sexual constructi ons 21st century. It invites ground-breaking off enses; and Local and global aspects and queer sexual identi ti es from research on a plethora of topics of female delinquency. a diverse range of perspecti ves by connected with gender to propose an scholars working in various academic interdisciplinary view of the fronti ers Spiru Haret University, Bucharest disciplines. Yet the meaning of the and to stake out new territories in the Gender Studies in the Age of word queer is not limited to the study of femininity and masculinity. Globalizati on non-mainstream sexuality as conference June 2-3 organizers opt for the inclusion of Kyoto University ti nyurl.com/4jxe92c “unusual” heterosexual practi ces into Gender Awareness in Language Using “gender studies” as an umbrella the “queer domain” in order to avoid Educati on: Exploring Gender and its term, which has come to include discriminati on and instead understand, Implicati ons women’s studies, men and masculinity include and accept. May 28 studies and queer studies, the aim ti nyurl.com/4zzaq88 of the conference is to examine Gender and Sexuality project, This conference provides an from a variety of disciplinary and Warsaw, Poland opportunity to share research and interdisciplinary perspecti ves: gendered Femininity and Masculinity exchange ideas on diff erent aspects aspects of the process of globalizati on; May 16-18 of gender and language educati on. various ways in which globalizati on ti nyurl.com/464ouae GALE works towards building a has impacted the constructi on of Gender studies is an interdisciplinary supporti ve community of educators gender identi ti es and sexualiti es; the fi eld of academic study focusing on the and researchers interested in raising intersecti on of gender with other awareness and researching categories of identi ty such as race, how gender plays an integral sexuality, age, class and nati onality; role in educati on and the performati vity of gender; gender professional interacti on. It also politi cs; and the representati on of networks and collaborates with gender in culture, literature, visual arts, the community to promote fi lm, popular culture, the media. pedagogical and professional practi ces, language teaching University at Buff alo/Amrita Social materials, and research and Behavioural Sciences Research inclusive of gender and gender- Institute (UBARI), India related topics. Internati onal Conference on Society, Technology, and Sustainable Ariel University Centre of Development Samaria Department of June 3-5 Criminology & Netanya ti nyurl.com/3rzaly2 Academic College School of Within the focal theme of “Indigenous Law, Israel Practi ces, Technology and Policies in Pink Crime: Women, Crime & Sustainable Development,” conference Punishment organizers invite authors to present May 30-31 their original research work in the ti nyurl.com/4ndhhxz following subthemes: Women, Children The aim of the conference is and Youth in Sustainable Development;

2200 Educati on and Development: The Role parti es and populist mobilizati on. The marital ferti lity, and increasing numbers of the Academia and Internati onal conference is specifi cally targeted of married and single women entering Partnerships in Sustainable towards doctoral students in the the labor force in Asia are mimicking the Development; Health Care Practi ces in fi nal stages of writi ng their thesis changes that took place earlier in the Sustainable Development; Indigenous and post-doctoral scholars who have industrialized societi es of Europe and Culture and Development: Defi niti on, recently completed their dissertati on. North America. While courtship practi ces Concepts and Integrati on; and Poverty It is envisaged that the conference retain some unique aspects of Asian Reducti on and Sustainable Development. will provide the basis for conti nued family life, cohabitati on among couples is Accepted papers will be published in intellectual collaborati on and networking sti ll uncommon and childbearing outside conference proceedings. Selected papers on core themes that emerge from the marriage is sti ll very rare. Traditi onal from the conference will be published papers. The Conference’s two themati c customs, like arranged marriages, have as an edited book or in an internati onal, concerns are: (1) popular politi cs and also nearly collapsed and the emergence refereed journal. insti tuti ons; and (2) popular politi cs and of social networks for single men and social and politi cal movements. women have not balanced out this La Casa de la Universidad de decline. At the same ti me, the increasing California, Mexico City Centre of Oriental Studies, Vilnius acceptance of premarital sex and divorce Semana Internacional de Salud University in most of Asia’s modern societi es Masculina The Body in the Cinemas of South Asia furthermore reduces the att racti veness June 15-17 June 30-July 2 of marriage. In light of these facts, sismo.org.mx/?lang=en bodyinsouthasiancinema.wordpress.com issues investi gated in this conference Throughout SISMO 2011, the themes of The human body has long been an may fall within the following themes: Healthy Men and Healthy Communiti es object of debate and research in Theories and methodologies of young will be explored in workshops, the Humaniti es. It has also fi gured adult research in Asia; insti tuti onal presentati ons and posters through three prominently in Indian culture for frameworks and policies related to tracks: Men and Masculiniti es; Men and centuries. While a large number of young adults’ wellbeing; changing values Health; and Men and Society. Within studies exist on the history of the of work: labor force employment and these tracks, conference organizers body and its representati on in a range young adults’ producti ve potenti al; especially encourage submissions of South Asian arts, considerati ons young adults’ labor market experience that highlight work and programs for of the body in South Asian cinemas and living arrangements; concepti ons Spanish-speaking men, reports on model are sti ll few and far between. Noti ons and youth atti tudes towards courtship, programs, research results or research in of the body oft en inform much of marriage, and sexuality. progress, clinical studies and/or “year- the scholarship on cinema, including in-review” presentati ons. The aim is South Asian fi lms. Rarely, however, University of Sana’a, Yemen to learn through sharing and diverse has the subject been given full and Gender Transformati ons in the Arabian interdisciplinary perspecti ves. direct considerati on as a central Peninsula and the Horn of Africa dimension of South Asian cinemas. July 10-12 Oxford University Conference themes include the body ti nyurl.com/48g4kw8 Democracy, Governance and as the site of tension and negoti ati ons The conference will focus on recent Development: Between the Insti tuti onal of noti ons of sex and gender; the social changes, spati al and social and the Politi cal? representati on of sexuality and/or mobiliti es, as well as on locati ons, June 27-28 its repression; cinemati c images of a possibly emerging and alternati ve ti nyurl.com/3et5wlq sexual nature, their censorship and their places for such changes. The theoreti cal This conference aims to bring together exploitati on; the fi lmic displacement of framework will involve methodological high-quality academic research on representati ons of sexual desire; and the refl exivity regarding our preconceived the ways in which popular politi cal historical subordinati on of the female noti ons when dealing with the issue processes (a term we are deploying to body, viewed as the dangerous site of of gender, especially in this region. refer to what has been variously called uncontrolled female sexuality and desire. It will elaborate on the centrality of “subaltern politi cs,” “informal politi cs,” the migrati on experiences and their “micro-politi cs” and “infra-politi cs”) Asia Research Institute, National impact on gender transformati ons. interact with discourses, policies and University of Singapore Gender is understood here as a social practi ces of development. A common Transiti oning to Adulthood: Marriage, construct involving interacti ons between thread will be the ways in which these Ferti lity, and Labor Force Parti cipati on both femininiti es and masculiniti es. processes negoti ate with neoliberal July 7-8 An interacti onist perspecti ve will be structures, the nati onal and sub-nati onal ti nyurl.com/4wg7noz adopted, where gender relati onships polity, parti cipatory insti tuti ons, politi cal The trends of delayed marriage, lower are at the heart of the analysis so CCONFERENCESONFERENCES 2211 that studies of masculiniti es are also readily used to compare and contrast Grounded in our understanding of these called upon. It will consider works with its “Western” counterparts, but realiti es, we also need to be creati ve in contemporary history and social to explore and highlight varied and and innovati ve in order to bring about sciences. Four major themes will be competi ng arti culati ons and experiences change. The 2011 conference theme considered: Public Policies and Gender of masculiniti es that complicate is an invitati on to discuss and refl ect Development; Employment, Professions conventi onal percepti ons of Asia on this. Whether it concerns social or and Labor; Inti macy and Moral Debates; as a region. The organizers hope to technological innovati on, grassroots and Practi ces of the Spaces and provide an opportunity for developing innovati on or innovati on policy—to Alternati ve Places for Socializati on. a new understanding of Asia through make innovati on truly work for human development, input from diff erent Flinders University, Adelaide, angles is needed. We thus expect Australia speakers and papers from a Console-ing Passions wide variety of disciplines. While July 21-23 innovati on is the themati c focus www.fl inders.edu.au/console-ing- of the 2011 HDCA conference, we passions/ naturally also welcome papers Themes for the conference held on other aspects of human by “Console-ing Passions,” the development and the capability leading internati onal scholarly approach. network for feminist research in screen cultures, include: Women Mansfi eld College, Oxford in Media Producti on; Children’s Gender and Love Media and Gender; Women, September 19-21 User Generated Content and ti nyurl.com/4q6aok2 New Media Economies; Women, The study of gender is an Sports, Broadcasti ng; and interdisciplinary fi eld intertwined Indigenous Women and Media. with feminism, queer studies, sexuality studies, postcolonial Asia Research Institute, studies, and cultural studies National University of (to name just some relevant Singapore fi elds). This project calls for the Masculiniti es in Asia considerati on of gender in relati on August 4-5 to various kinds of love (with ti nyurl.com/4astpgc regard, for example, to self, spirit, Masculiniti es in Asia is an religion, family, friendship, ethics, internati onal workshop that nati on, globalizati on, environment, seeks to contribute to current and so on). How do the understandings of masculiniti es analyzing issues concerning masculinity interacti ons of gender and love promote and, more broadly, gender in Asia. in diff erent parts of the region in a parti cular performances of gender; It addresses the need for a regional, comparati ve framework. concepti ons of individual and collecti ve comparati ve, and interdisciplinary identi ty; formati ons of community; dialogue among scholars of gender Human Development and noti ons of the human; understandings across regions in Asia, broadly defi ned Capabilities Association (HDCA), of good and evil? This conference as South, East, Southeast, and Central The Hague, Netherlands welcomes research papers which seek Asia. By engaging scholars of gender Innovati on, Development and Human to understand the interacti on and in Asia from a variety of geographical Capabiliti es interconnecti on between the concepts locati ons, theoreti cal perspecti ves, September 6-8th of love and gender; and whether, when, and disciplinary approaches in a bit.ly/gz5Y4j how and in what ways the two concepts conversati on, the workshop promises Bringing about human development for conceive and construct each other. to identi fy sets of shared concerns, all is a challenge. It is not suffi cient to challenges and discourses, and discern investi gate how human capabiliti es are Department of Comparative transnati onal and regional patt erns expanded or diminished by our current Literary and Cultural Studies, and processes. The goal is not to policies, insti tuti onal arrangements, Franklin College, Switzerland culti vate a unique “Asian” view on incenti ve structures, social practi ces, Intersecti ons of Law and Culture: manhood and masculinity that can be infrastructures and technologies. Human Rights 2222 CCONFERENCESONFERENCES September 23-25 their local implementati ons? actors in advocacy, negoti ati on and ti nyurl.com/45o3lgj UNRISD decision making; and how accountability, This conference aims to investi gate Green Economy and Sustainable compensati on and redress can be law’s place in culture and culture’s place Development: Bringing Back the Social assured. By bringing together United in law. This focus proceeds from the Dimension Nati ons representati ves and policy twin premise that law, itself a cultural 10-11 October makers, academics and representati ves form, reacts to and is shaped by the ti nyurl.com/3ndx8wj of civil society, the UNRISD Conference cultural context in which it operates The social dimensions of development will create a forum for dialogue and that culture in turn is shaped by the are central to understanding the and analysis, aimed at developing regulati ve forces of law. The conference connecti ons between green economy, a conceptual and policy framework will address the following questi ons: sustainable development and poverty that will positi on social dimensions What are the philosophical, literary eradicati on, and to ensuring that eff orts at the centre of green economy and cultural points of references for to promote a green economy contribute and sustainable development. The the management of human rights? to socially sustainable development. conference will criti cally examine How have current noti ons and framings While there is growing recogniti on that the following interrelated issues and developed historically? What are transiti oning to a green economy will questi ons: (1) Social impacts and the mechanisms by which cultural have both positi ve and negati ve social distributi onal consequences of policies narrati ves and popular representati ons impacts, it is necessary to consider and processes associated with green of human rights fi nd their way into legal how benefi ts and costs are distributed; economy; (2) Potenti al and limits of processes? How does law in turn bleed the types of broader changes in social structural and insti tuti onal change; and into and infl uence cultural practi ces and structures and insti tuti ons needed (3) Agency and social mobilizati on for concepti ons of human rights? What is to promote equitable outcomes and insti tuti onal and policy change. the relati onship between internati onal transform business and consumer eff orts and framings of human rights and behavior; the role of diff erent social

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Glasgow Women’s Library more than 300 words should be sent to violence committ ed against LGBT people Displaced Women: Multi lingual Lucia Aiello (L.Aiello@sheffi eld.ac.uk), and the apparent absence of public Narrati ves of Migrati on in Europe Joy Charnley (j.charnley@phonecoop. condemnati on. However, the public and Deadline: April 29 coop) and Mariangela Palladino internati onal human rights discourse ti nyurl.com/4c58zgt ([email protected]). that describes Caribbean homophobia Organizers invite papers exploring Papers should be 20 minutes in length rarely includes the larger contexts women’s movements from one culture and accessible to a multi disciplinary of poverty, structural adjustment, to another. Themes to be covered audience. Proposals for themati c neocolonialism, and violence in general include: Migrant women (narrati ves workshops are also welcome. The within the region. It has been accepted and experiences, multi lingual narrati ves publicati on of a selecti on of papers that homophobia in the Caribbean has of containment and human resistance; following the conference is planned. its roots in laws, religion, and social arti culati ng the “state of excepti on” percepti ons of gendered identi ty. But in a “foreign” tongue; narrati ves The Caribbean Region of the LGBT acti vists and others living in the of “Eco-Diaspora” and spaces of International Resource Network (IRN) Caribbean have also recognized that environmental crisis); Multi lingual Theorizing Homophobia(s) In The there is a complex range of viewpoints literature (translati on issues in Caribbean Project and atti tudes that must be accounted multi lingual works, translati ng cultures, Deadline: April 30 for in our defi ning of homophobia. Some linguisti c ownership, language and the www.irnweb.org scholars and acti vists have argued that country of sanctuary, seeking refuge in Homophobia in the Caribbean has what we need is a new set of theories, an-“other” language); and Migrati on received a lot of internati onal att enti on writi ngs, and understandings of the (nati onality and citi zenship, migrati on recently. Certain Caribbean countries kinds of homophobia(s) that exist across policy, speaking from “humanitarian have been targeted by internati onal the region, and clear disti ncti ons among corridors”). Abstracts in English of no organizati ons because of publicized Caribbean island-nati ons in terms of 2233 the work being done on the ground as leaders in religious insti tuti ons– cosmopolitanism; and Hosti ng and the various cultural landscapes and churches, religious schools and religious immigrants. shift s regarding LGBT identi ti es. These organizati ons. Papers are invited which theories, writi ngs, and understandings are focused on but not limited to the UNRISD should necessarily include discussions following subtopics: Historical portraits Green Economy and Sustainable about gender performance, hetero- of women as religious leaders in African Development: Bringing Back the Social sexism, and transphobia that encompass traditi onal religions; Contemporary Dimension homophobia(s), as well as the economic portraits of women religious leaders; Deadline: May 15 and social contexts menti oned above. To Conceptual papers historicizing ti nyurl.com/3ndx8wj that end, the IRN proposes a collecti on women’s leaders; Papers explicati ng The social dimensions of development of arti cles/essays, non-fi cti on, fi cti on, theories useful in interrogati ng women’s are central to understanding the stories, poetry, acti vist reports, visual leadership experiences in religious connecti ons between green economy, art, music, interviews, and other works contexts; Country and/or denominati on sustainable development and poverty that will refl ect on the complexiti es of specifi c accounts of women’s religious eradicati on, and to ensuring that eff orts homophobia(s) in the Caribbean and leadership; Women’s spiritual leadership to promote a green economy contribute to expand awareness about Caribbean outside of religious organizati ons. The to socially sustainable development. LGBT lives, experiences, and acti vism in papers will be blind peer reviewed by While there is growing recogniti on that the region and its diaspora. It seeks to at least two reviewers so do not include transiti oning to a green economy will disrupt the divide between academia identi fying informati on in the body of have both positi ve and negati ve social and community, while locati ng theories your paper. impacts, it is necessary to consider and knowledge in multi ple sites and how benefi ts and costs are distributed; discourses. Center of Research and the types of broader changes in social Communication for Peace structures and insti tuti ons needed JENdA: A Journal of Culture and Third Internati onal Conference in to promote equitable outcomes and African Women Studies Communicati on and Media Studies: transform business and consumer Breaking the Stained Glass Ceiling, (Re)Making and Undoing of Peace/ behavior; the role of diff erent social Women as Religious Leaders Confl ict actors in advocacy, negoti ati on Deadline: May 1 Deadline: May 9 and decision making; and how ti nyurl.com/3ccytf a ti nyurl.com/4pvb6lq accountability, compensati on and There conti nues to be a dearth of The Center of Research and redress can be assured. By bringing scholarly published material about Communicati on for Peace in the Faculty together United Nati ons representati ves African women in leadership. JENdA has of Communicati on and Media Studies at and policy makers, academics and made a concerted eff ort to highlight Eastern Mediterranean University invites representati ves of civil society, the women’s leadership roles in African paper, panel, and event proposals UNRISD Conference will create a forum societi es through the publicati on addressing the general theme of “(Re) for dialogue and analysis, aimed at of two special issues on women as Making and Undoing of Peace/Confl ict.” developing a conceptual and policy politi cal leaders (Issue 9, 2006 and The Third Internati onal Conference in framework that will positi on social Issue 10, 2007). This special issue will Communicati on and Media Studies, dimensions at the centre of green focus on women as religious leaders. which will be held at the EMU faciliti es economy and sustainable development. The publishers are searching for both in Famagusta, North Cyprus April 11-13 The conference will criti cally examine historical and contemporary views of 2012, aims at bringing together scholars the following interrelated issues African and African-descended women to present their research and exchange and questi ons: Social impacts and serving as religious leaders. There are ideas in a wide range of topics under the distributi onal consequences of policies women serving within both mainline general theme. Diff erent understandings and processes associated with green and African-insti tuted churches in of and ways to communicate peace economy; the potenti al and limits of African countries. However, women do and confl ict locally and globally will be structural and insti tuti onal change; conti nue to be underrepresented in the explored. Gendered and developmental Agency and social mobilizati on for highest levels of religious leadership, subthemes include: Throwing stones insti tuti onal and policy change. in a phenomenon named the “stained at glass ceilings: Naming and shaming Abstracts are invited from interested glass ceiling” not only in Africa but other gender inequaliti es in the media; researchers and other specialists countries around the world (Adams, Politi cs of diff erence, politi cs of identi ty, addressing the above themes. To submit 2007; Sullins, 2000). The special issue politi cs of friendship; Ethnocentrism abstracts and for further informati on, will focus on women breaking that and its diff erent forms like racism, contact Kiah Smith via email (smith@ stained glass ceiling, in terms of the sexism, nati onalism, orientalism, unrisd.org). strategies they use to survive and thrive agism; Globalizati on, peace, and 2244 CCONFERENCESONFERENCES Australian National University and cultural relati vism? What are the as a species of domesti c violence? How Honor Killing Across Culture and Time implicati ons of addressing honor killing are personal and familial honor-related Deadline: August 1 killings disti nguished from ti nyurl.com/4z8qyzh collecti ve, public and state Honor-moti vated violence is a violence? Under what transhistorical and crosscultural historical circumstances, phenomenon, yet it has recently and through what become a metonym for Islamic and strategies, have honorable anti -modern cultures. How can masculinity and violence interdisciplinary conversati ons unpack been dissociated? Can this associati on to produce innovati ve honor be reconceptualized ways of thinking about and acti ng in ways that challenge against violence justi fi ed through claims violent practi ces justi fi ed of honor? This conference (December in the name of honor? 8-9, 2011) will explore honor killings Scholars, arti sts and across periods, places, politi cal acti vists are welcomed contexts, legal regimes and religions. It as presenters. Please will bring together scholars, arti sts and submit abstracts of 250 acti vists addressing such questi ons as: words maximum. Arti sts How is honor embodied and performed should include links to in ways that lead to gendered violence? images and/or audio fi les. How are concepts of honor and shame Please include a one-page invoked in acts of violence, their curriculum vitae plus justi fi cati on, and adjudicati on? How do your full name, email status anxieti es and social asymmetries address, website address (if contribute to honor killing? How do available), as well as your anti -violence strategies negoti ate insti tuti onal affi liati on. competi ng claims of human rights OOnlinenline RResourcesesources

AWID’s Aid Eff ectiveness Agenda and civil society actors involved in the gender informati on; program-specifi c Primer Series monitoring of the Paris Declarati on on gender informati on; and, lastly, gender htt p://ti nyurl.com/4db5wqh Aid Eff ecti veness and the preparati ons analysis, audit, and assessment tools. htt p://ti nyurl.com/46zqsag towards the 4th High Level Forum on The Paris Declarati on on Aid Aid Eff ecti veness, to take place in Busan, Food and Agriculture Organization Eff ecti veness is the most recent South Korea, in November 2011. of the United Nations (FAO) Gender agreement by donor and recipient Resources: Videos countries to reform the delivery Bibliography of Gender and ti nyurl.com/4gya5rd and management of aid monies in Agriculture Resources Marking Internati onal Women’s Day order to strengthen its impact and htt p://ti nyurl.com/4f8jpw5 2011, the FAO has posted links to eff ecti veness. The Aid Eff ecti veness The bibliography compiled by Women several videos of women from around and Women’s Rights Series Primers Thrive Worldwide, KDMD Project, the world in leadership positi ons shares informati on, analysis and and Gender Working Group Partners addressing issues of importance and proposals needed to support women’s includes 33 tools and resources from concern for all women. Some of the rights acti vists in contributi ng to a the gender advocacy community that videos included are: 1() In a recording of comprehensive, balanced, and inclusive represent best practi ces for gender her message to the three Rome-based approach to reforming aid so that it integrati on for policymakers and UN agencies (FAO, IFAD and WFP), reaches the people who need it most. programming practi ti oners. There are US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton “Primer 9: The Road to Korea 2011: four secti ons: policy and programming emphasizes the need to support women Key Offi cial and Civil Society Actors” gender informati on; policy-specifi c in agriculture, so they can become full provides an overview of key offi cial 2255 partners in meeti ng the MDGs; (2) Coordinators as well as gender focal four UN structures for women into one Liberia’s President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf points and other relevant actors) higher-level enti ty. The toolkit contents asserts that achieving gender equality in nati onal and regional offi ces to include the following: civil society call is not merely a questi on of fairness, but strengthen and build mechanisms for to acti on; GEAR ti meline; questi ons to also a strategic economic decision which civil society engagement with the UN keep in mind; how to get organized; the world can no longer aff ord to delay; through the new enti ty. tools to shape UN Women’s agenda; fi rst (3) Minister of Agriculture for Honduras 100 days of UN Women; ongoing and Jacobo Regalado says FAO’s latest SOFA GEAR Campaign transitional toolkit long-term suggesti ons for UN Women; report is an important document that for civil society organizations GEAR media and press; resources for sheds light on many criti cal issues related htt p://ti nyurl.com/49tf yf3 contacti ng local UN offi ces; and UN to women and agriculture (Spanish); The Gender Equality Architecture Reform agency informati on. (4) A video ti tled “Gender Dimensions (GEAR) Campaign aims to ensure that in Land and Water: Experiences from the newly created UN Women agency Gender Action’s 6th Gender Action the Field” gives an overview of an becomes a well-coordinated, strong and Link: Gender, IFIs and Accountability FAO project in Angola, Cape Verde, strategic organizati on to advance gender Mechanisms Mozambique and East Timor that works equality and women’s empowerment. www.genderacti on.org to increase men’s and women’s security This toolkit was developed by the GEAR This Gender Acti on Link provides of land tenure, as well as access to water Campaign working group to encourage resources for citi zen groups wishing to and other natural resources. more civil society involvement in the take gender discriminati on complaints to transiti on process—eff ecti vely combining IFI accountability mechanisms. Despite GEAR Campaign commitments that IFIs have Contacts for UN made to advance gender equality Women Regional and empower women through Networks/Offi ces their policies and acti on plans, www.gearcampaign. IFI-fi nanced projects conti nually org ignore gender inequaliti es and UN Women must oft en contribute to harmful develop creati ve impacts for women in all stages ways to engage of the project cycle. The Link with a diverse NGO illustrates common negati ve consti tuency— impacts of IFI investments on parti cularly women, including increases in women’s and gender-based violence, human grassroots traffi cking, sexually transmitt ed organizati ons. UN diseases, the loss of livelihood, country teams and the lack of access to land are mandated to compensati on and resett lement. advance the UN Communiti es and civil society Women’s agenda organizati ons can use IFI in the fi eld, and as accountability mechanisms they do so, should to seek redress for gender draw upon the discriminati on. Additi onally, knowledge and the Link provides resources and experience of civil suggesti ons about how to bring society groups and a gender discriminati on case networks who have forward, including a link to the long worked in this more in-depth “Speaking Up for area. In the next Gender: A Step-by-Step Guide to stage of advocacy, IFI Accountability Mechanisms.” civil society organizati ons can Gender and Climate Change niti ate meeti ngs Website and Toolkit Multilingual with NGO www.gendercc.net networks and UN GenderCC has started to provide staff (Resident informati on on its website also

2266 OONLINENLINE RRESOURCESESOURCES in Spanish and in German. Step by step, refl ects the good practi ces documented of informati on on specifi c topics and the website will be translated; and in crisis setti ngs around the world since issues. This evaluati on guide emerged will add French secti ons in the future. the initi al fi eld-test version was released from a collaborati on of the Evaluati on You can identi fy those parts which are in 1996. The latest editi on refl ects the Unit of UNIFEM (part of UN Women) already translated by navigati ng to the wide applicati on of the Field Manual’s with Carleton University. It is based on respecti ve language pages via the top principles and technical content beyond training courses, materials and their right fl ag bar. In additi on, there are refugee situati ons, extending its use into assessment conducted between 2009 specifi c pages in some languages where, diverse crises, including confl ict zones and 2010 in fi ve regions: Asia, Pacifi c for example, informati on relevant only and natural disasters. and Arab States (Bangkok), Africa for Germany is provided in German only. (Johannesburg), CEE/CIS (Istanbul), Also, GenderCC’s popular publicati on List of Material and Resources for Lati n America (Mexico) and New York “Gender into Climate Policy—Toolkit for Women Human Rights Defenders (headquarters). As such, the evaluati on Climate Experts and Decision-Makers” ti nyurl.com/4hr64rn guide should be viewed by its users as an is now available in Spanish, French and This compilati on of resources for women interacti ve and “living” document that German and can be downloaded at the human rights defenders at risk provides aims to provide guidance on evaluati on site. women human rights defenders with a processes as well as to explore gender reference tool of existi ng resources that equality and human rights dimensions of Inter-Agency Working Group (IAWG) may be useful to their work and to those evaluati on. It will be updated regularly On Reproductive Health in Crises: facing risks. Compiled by Inmaculada to take into account the evolving needs Field Manual on Reproductive Barcia (Consultant for this initi ati ve) of UN Women and its partners and Health in Humanitarian Settings and facilitated by AWID as part of its the developments around the world in htt p://ti nyurl.com/4w8acy9 work as Chair of the Working Group on gender- and human rights-responsive The 2010 Inter-Agency Field Manual on Urgent Responses for WHRDs at Risk of evaluati on. Reproducti ve Health in Humanitarian the Women Human Rights Defenders Setti ngs is an update of the 1999 Internati onal Coaliti on, the compilati on PRB World’s Women and Girls 2011 Reproducti ve Health in Refugee lists existi ng research materials, Data Sheet Situati ons: An Inter-Agency Field resources, manuals, and references; htt p://ti nyurl.com/4dyr7j5 Manual, the authoritati ve guidance materials that address dealing with The situati on of women and girls around on reproducti ve health interventi ons the safety, security and protecti on of the world is gaining increased att enti on in humanitarian setti ngs. The 2010 defenders; wellbeing and self-care; how in a number of nati onal and internati onal version provides additi onal guidance on to document and monitor violati ons of policy commitments such as the U.S. how to implement the Minimum Initi al women’s rights; and how to conduct trial Global Health Initi ati ve and the United Service Package (MISP) for Reproducti ve observati on. Nati on’s Millennium Development Goals. Health, a minimum standard of care in Populati on Reference Bureau’s (PRB) humanitarian response. It also splits Manager’s Guide to Gender Equality- new data sheet, The World’s Women the original chapter on HIV and Sexually and Human Rights-Responsive and Girls 2011 Data Sheet, has the latest Transmitt ed Infecti ons (STIs) into two Evaluation data on a wide variety of indicators on separate chapters to accommodate new htt p://ti nyurl.com/4n8scva the socioeconomic status of women and guidance on HIV programming. A new This practi cal, online guide aims to girls in more than 180 countries, with chapter on Comprehensive Aborti on help those initi ati ng, managing and/or a focus on demography, reproducti ve Care has been developed to cover more using gender equality (GE)-and human health, educati on, work, and public life. than post-aborti on care. The chapters rights (HR)-responsive evaluati ons. A special secti on on overcoming barriers on Program Design, Monitoring and It is intended for all internati onal to gender equality is also featured. Evaluati on and Adolescent Reproducti ve development professionals who deliver Health have been placed earlier in the or manage programs and projects, Property Rights and Gender: A manual to address the crosscutti ng including those whose primary focus is Training Toolkit nature of these topics. Informati on on HR, GE and women’s empowerment and htt p://ti nyurl.com/49ff nqo human rights and legal considerati ons those where HR/GE are mainstreamed Property rights economically empower has been integrated into each of the or crosscutti ng. The guide provides women by creati ng opportuniti es themati c chapters to ensure that directi on, advice and tools for every for earning income, securing their program staff can address rights-related step in the evaluati on process—from place in the community and ensuring concerns. The updated informati on is getti ng started, to preparati on, conduct their livelihoods. This toolkit seeks to based on normati ve technical guidance and evaluati on use and follow-up. It strengthen understanding of property of the World Health Organizati on. It also contains tools to aid in the process and rights for women and men as equal references to provide a greater depth citi zens. In Uganda, where this toolkit OONLINENLINE RRESOURCESESOURCES 2277 was piloted, women oft en are not Community Systems Strengthening treated as equal citi zens, and the (CSS) can bring at the nati onal, district toolkit addresses what rights women and local levels, and to support have, how to communicate women’s advocacy and technical support rights, and the issues preventi ng eff orts around CSS. It provides women from exercising their rights. practi cal guidance on developing CSS The overarching goals of the training acti viti es for Global Fund proposals, are to increase knowledge of legal advocati ng for the inclusion of CSS rights to property in Uganda, to in nati onal and regional proposals, understand and recognize women’s as well as suggesti ng ways to more and men’s equality before Ugandan eff ecti vely implement CSS acti viti es if law, and to allow women and men the proposal is approved. Those likely to exercise and protect their own to benefi t from this guidance include property rights while respecti ng staff in UNAIDS Country Offi ces and others’ rights. The toolkit modules members of key aff ected populati ons, include: (1) Rights and Gender in CBOs, networks of people living with Uganda; (2) Land Law and Gender; HIV (PLHIV), CCM members, Global (3) Property Rights in Marriage and Fund technical review panel (TRP) Family; (4) Inheritance Law, Wills and members, internati onal and nati onal Women; and (5) Monitoring Skills for NGOs and faith-based organizati ons, the Community Rights Worker. Systems Strengthening in Global Fund other UN staff and proposal writi ng Proposals consultants. Supporting Community Based htt p://ti nyurl.com/4apcb77 Responses to AIDS, TB and Malaria: A This tool seeks to increase Guidance Tool for Including Community understanding about the benefi ts that BBookook ReviewReview

African Women’s Movements: Changing Politi cal Landscapes, by Aili Mari Tripp, Isabel Casimiro, Joy Kwesiga, and Alice Mungwa. 2009, 263 pp. Available from: Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. Reviewed by Alisha Brown, Doctoral Candidate, Educati onal Policy, Michigan State University.

African Women’s Movements: Changing Politi cal Landscapes investi gates the many ways women acti vists and politi cians have transformed politi cs in Africa in the 1990s and 2000s. A great deal of subject matt er related to African politi cs and gender is incorporated in this book. Examples of just some of the many questi ons this book tackles include: Why have some African countries been more likely to adopt women’s rights policies than others? What role does civil confl ict play in women’s rights reforms? What role does democracy play in the adopti on of women’s rights policies? The increased adopti on of policies advancing women’s rights and the rising visibility of women as politi cal actors emerge as main topics that are covered. The disti nguished authors from both Africa and America are not only academics but have also been practi ti oners, serving as parliamentarians, transnati onal acti vists, and leaders in the women’s movements that this book explores. The book draws on gender and politi cs literature, as well as empirical research and fi eldwork while applying a comparati ve analysis across countries and sub-regions. The authors focus on the cases of Uganda, Mozambique, and Cameroon when making their comparisons, but take special care to situate these countries within the broader African context. In the fi rst chapter, the book begins by reviewing determining factors which can account for the new female-friendly policies adopted by most of Africa aft er 1990. Such factors include the end of confl ict or major social upheaval, the provision of government and donor resources to implement women’s right reforms, and changing norms and pressures from conti nental enti ti es such as the African Union, sub-regional organizati ons such as the Southern African Development Community [SADC], multi lateral bodies such as the United Nati ons or the World Bank, and foreign donors including internati onal nongovernmental organizati ons or bilateral agencies. The most important determinant according to the authors, however, is the rise of autonomous women’s movements in Africa. For this reason, women’s movements are a major focus of this book and are discussed in great detail not only in the fi rst chapter but in the remainder of the book as well. 2288 The second chapter examines historic infl uences on contemporary women’s movements. First, the use of motherhood as a basis of politi cal authority is linked to pre-colonial ti mes and indigenous practi ces. Next, colonial policies and nati onalist movements are related to the politi cal engagement of women. Lastly, women’s parti cipati on in postcolonial single-party regimes and party control of women’s organizati ons is discussed, illustrati ng the constraints many organizati ons faced. As in the fi rst chapter, the authors emphasize the importance of associati onal autonomy. The following chapter examines the rise of the new women’s movements that emerged in the 1990s. It identi fi es transnati onal, regional, and donor infl uences as well as democrati zati on and politi cal liberalizati on as driving forces behind these women’s movements. Chapter four examines the challenges new women’s movements face by contrasti ng the characteristi cs of new women’s movements with earlier pre-1990 organizati ons. The heterogeneity of organizati ons; building ti es across ethnic, clan and religious lines; emphasis on politi cal strategies; networks, coaliti ons and alliances; and men’s support of women’s causes are explored as characteristi cs of contemporary women’s movements. While the importance of associati onal autonomy is highlighted as in previous chapters, donor-driven short-term funding, excessive infl uence on operati ons, and accountability demands are identi fi ed as additi onal obstacles to women’s mobilizati on. The fi ft h chapter considers the successes and challenges women’s organizati ons have had with consti tuti onal reforms and legislati ve changes. The authors explain that public legislati on concerning gender equality and discriminati on regarding labor, citi zenship and quotas have been relati vely uncontroversial in Africa. However, customary laws regarding marriage, divorce, child custody, property rights, and inheritance have met resistance. Various theories are applied to deduce why some reforms have been more easily adopted than others. The following chapter looks at the gains women have made in politi cal representati on celebrati ng remarkable changes since 1990, such as Rwanda having the highest rati o of women in parliament in the world in 2003. Furthermore, the ways nati onal and internati onal women’s movements advocated for the adopti on of legislati ve quotas, took advantage of opportuniti es at the end of confl icts aft er 1986, and pressured the SADC and pan-African organizati ons to increase women’s legislati ve presence are also reviewed. Chapter seven explores ways women’s movements have worked with the state bureaucracy by forming nati onal machineries and ministries of gender/women. The adopti on of diff erent theoreti cal approaches toward gender mainstreaming (i.e. gender budgeti ng), women in development (WID), and gender and development (GAD) are analyzed. The book goes on to investi gate peace building by examining women’s mobilizati on for peace in both confl ict and post-confl ict countries. The fi nal chapter of the book leaves readers with four paradoxes to refl ect on. First, what made it possible for some countries to expand rights without tremendous pressure from women’s movements? Second, why were some countries slower to embrace women’s rights even with the presence of acti ve women’s movements? Third, why have some legislati ve reforms been easier to pass then others? And forth, why has democrati zati on not been an important factor driving women’s rights policy? The answers to such questi ons parti ally lay within the book, but the authors call for additi onal research and further study to provide more insight. Overall, this book serves as a useful resource for academics and practi ti oners concerned with gender and politi cs in Africa. The book contains a wealth of informati on and stati sti cs incorporati ng multi ple African countries. Nevertheless, one limitati on of the book is its narrow emphasis on the Uganda, Mozambique, and Cameroon case examples. As such, the book is especially relevant to readers interested in those three countries. However, the book might sti ll appeal to those interested in other African countries or Africa more generally since many other countries are also used as examples throughout the book, albeit in lesser detail. Another strength of the book lays in its multi layered analysis. For instance, women’s organizati ons are investi gated at internati onal, conti nental, regional, nati onal and local levels to determine how they impact the acti viti es in women’s daily lives. This wide analyti cal scope used throughout the book is useful as it provides readers with a deep understanding of the material presented. Key internati onal and regional players in African women’s movements are identi fi ed and their roles are clearly depicted to give the reader a global appreciati on of the multi ple powers at play. Due to the impressive breadth and depth of the book, it will likely be of interest to novices and experts alike.

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