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Guide on Gender and Energy for Trainers and Managers of Public GUIDE ON GENDER AND ENERGY FOR TRAINERS AND MANAGERS OF PUBLIC POLICIES AND PROJECTS Ana Rojas – ENERGIA / Jackeline Siles - UICN GUIDE ON GENDER AND ENERGY FOR TRAINERS AND MANAGERS OF PUBLIC POLICIES AND PROJECTS Ana Rojas - ENERGIA Jackeline Siles- UICN Compiled by: Ana Victoria Rojas ENERGÍA 7 PRESENTATION Jackelline Siles UICN MODULE 1 : General coordination, edition and revision 21 Basic concepts on Sissy Larrea gender and energy Gender Equality Adviser - OLADE Case studies: MODULE 2 : Irma Gutiérrez Integration of the National Electric Transmission Company of Nicaragua - ENATREL 37 gender approach in energy policies Lorena Lanza Vice Minister of Energy and Mines of Nicaragua Marjorie Montiel y María Gabriela Chavarría MODULE 3 : Ministry of Energy and Mines of Nicaragua 87 Instiutinalization of Nereyda González the gender perspective Cuculmeca in organizations and institutions Mario Hernández Rijatzul Q’ij (Sun Seed) Association of Guatemala Mariana Castillo MODULE 4 : Mexican Environmental Law Centre (CEMDA) Integration of the Rossanna González 113 gender approach in Technical Advisor and Manager of Social Axis of Energy Policy of the National energy projects Office of Energy - Uruguay Edition: Diana Ávila Layout: Alex Romero Graphic Design Consultant - OLADE Published by: © ENERGIA, OLADE y UICN ISBN 978-9978-70-105-8 Spanish version publication made with the financial support of HIVOS and CANADIAN GOVERNMENT Date of publication: August 2014, Spanish version English version made with the financial support of OLADE October 2015, English version The ideas set forth in this document are the sole responsibility of its authors and do not implicate the abovementioned organizations. The information contained in this document may be used as long as the source it is cited. Presentaon 7 PROLOGUE Energy is an essential factor in everyday human life because we use energy in everything we do. However, basic tasks for our subsistence demand a great effort in terms of physical energy, for example, cooking and household heating. These tasks tend to fall on girls and women worldwide, which impacts negatively on their health and takes away time for other activities, such as education and income generation. Energy also makes post-harvest processing methods, milling and heat treatments possible. Energy helps us to better communicate with other people, to mechanize production processes and to have access to better health, transport and education services and economic opportunities. Therefore, reliable access to and an efficient use of energy by women and men contribute to the economic development and the reduction of poverty. Debates on energy generation sources and their responsible use have being increasing with time. For example, renewable energy and energy efficiency are more often than not considered a worldwide solution to problems such as climate change mitigation, due to their capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; the desire to guarantee energy security at national level, and the efforts to achieve locally appropriate and sustainable development among the communities or neighborhoods of a region. These debates have an important social component, because they can support a more equitable development model, through which social gaps can be reduced and more social and economic growth opportunities generated. Since women and men interact in different manners with existing energy technologies and possess different levels of access, knowledge and affordability to modern sources of energy, it is necessary to include a gender approach in energy projects, institutions and policies in order to better answer women and men’s interests, needs and realities. This Guide on Gender and Energy for Trainers and Managers of Public Policies and Projects is a joint effort to support civil society organizations, women’s groups, and government and non-governmental institutions involved in the Latin-American energy sector, to incorporate the energy perspective in their policies and projects. The research, compilation and preparation of this guide were organized and directed jointly by ENERGIA, the International Network on Gender and Sustainable Energy, and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) through its initiative “Women as leaders and agents of change in the energy sector”, financed by Hivos and the Latin-American Organization of Energy (OLADE). Our desire is for this guide to offer useful information to trainers, groups of women, governments, civil society organizations and private companies, to help them integrate a gender perspective in energy initiatives, whether policies, programs and/or institutional processes, with the aim of making gender mainstreaming a reality. 8 9 ORGANIZATIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The International Network on Gender and Sustainable Energy, ENERGIA, IUCN and ENERGIA wish to thank the members of the Energy and is an international network with direct presence in 22 African and Asian Gender Networks in Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala; countries. ENERGIA has been working in the energy sector since 1996 especially Nereyda González (Cuculmeca), Rosario Sotelo (Proleña), Judit and focuses on how a further access to energy can improve the lives and Vanegas (SNV), Irma Gutiérrez (ENATREL), Xitlali Sandino (Red-des), revenues of women and men in developing countries. ENERGIA applies Lorena Lanza (Viceminister of Energy and Mines of Nicaragua), Marjorie gender analysis to projects, programs and policies to ensure that the energy Montiel and María Gabriela Chavarría (Ministry of Energy and Mines needs, roles, responsibilities and interests of women are taken into account. of Nicaragua ), and Mariana Castillo, from the Mexican Environmental Law Centre (CEMDA), for their contributions and support during the The mission of IUCN is to influence, motivate and assist societies around compilation process of this guide and, above all, for the work they do in the world to preserve the integrity and diversity of nature, and to ensure their respective countries to mainstream gender in the energy sector. an equitable and ecologically sustainable use of any natural resource. Since 1998, IUCN has applied a gender equity and equality policy, by which Likewise, IUCN and ENERGIA thank Ana Victoria Rojas and Jackeline it recognizes gender issue as an essential component in the sustainable Siles for designing, compiling and editing this guide, and Celia Steel for conservation, management and use of natural resources. IUCN commits her constant support during the production process. Particular thanks to integrate gender aspects into its work, and particularly recognizes the are extended to José María Blanco, from BUN-CA Foundation, Rebecca importance of gender equity in association with its energy programme. Pearl-Martinez, from IUCN, and Rossanna González, from the National Office of Energy (DNE) of Uruguay, for their contributions and critical In 2008, IUCN and ENERGIA established a collaboration agreement review of the guide. to integrate the complex links existing among gender, energy and environment. In 2013 the initiative “Women as leaders and agents of OLADE thanks Irma Gutiérrez, from the National Electric Transmission change in the energy sector” is implemented in four Central American Company of Nicaragua – ENATREL, and the team responsible for countries, under the coordination of IUCN’s Global Gender Office Gender within the Ministry of Energy and Mines of Nicaragua – MEM, as (GGO) with the support of ENERGIA. This initiative is possible thanks to well as Rossanna González, Technical Advisor and Manager of Social Axis the financial support of Hivos, the Humanistic Institute for Development of Energy Policy of the National Office of Energy of Uruguay, and Mario Cooperation and seeks, among other things, to generate training materials Hernández, from Rijatzul Q’ij (Sun Seed) Association of Guatemala, for that contribute to increasing the ability to integrate gender considerations their contribution for the case studies included in this guide. in the Central American energy sector. The authors specially acknowledge Joy Clancy, Elizabeth Cecelski, OLADE emerges within the context of the search of a new, fairer economic Soma Dutta and Sheila Oparaocha, for their work as pioneers in the relationship between developed and developing countries, aiming at the development of gender methodologies in the energy sector. Their commitment to solidarity with the defense of natural resources and the experience, commitment and constant support in the dissemination of technical cooperation on comprehensive and sustainable development knowledge have been fundamental for the creation of this guide. policies. The Lima Convention, the constituent instrument of the organization, is signed on November 2nd, 1973. A total of 27 countries This publication owes much to the vision of Lorena Aguilar Revelo, from Latin America and the Caribbean have joined OLADE: Argentina, IUCN’s Global Gender Advisor , the support of Raquel Chacón, Project Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Manager at the Central American Office of Hivos (Humanistic Institute Venezuela, Barbados, Cuba, Granada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, the for Development Cooperation), whose financial support made this guide Dominican Republic, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, Belice, possible, as well as the conceptual and methodological contribution of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. Sissy Larrea, Gender
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