The Synchronisms of the Hebrew Kings- a Re-Evaluation : I1
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Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept of Kingship
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Jacob Douglas Feeley University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Feeley, Jacob Douglas, "Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2276. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Abstract Scholars who have discussed Josephus’ political philosophy have largely focused on his concepts of aristokratia or theokratia. In general, they have ignored his concept of kingship. Those that have commented on it tend to dismiss Josephus as anti-monarchical and ascribe this to the biblical anti- monarchical tradition. To date, Josephus’ concept of kingship has not been treated as a significant component of his political philosophy. Through a close reading of Josephus’ longest text, the Jewish Antiquities, a historical work that provides extensive accounts of kings and kingship, I show that Josephus had a fully developed theory of monarchical government that drew on biblical and Greco- Roman models of kingship. Josephus held that ideal kingship was the responsible use of the personal power of one individual to advance the interests of the governed and maintain his and his subjects’ loyalty to Yahweh. The king relied primarily on a standard array of classical virtues to preserve social order in the kingdom, protect it from external threats, maintain his subjects’ quality of life, and provide them with a model for proper moral conduct. -
Not Afraid, Not Alone We Aren’T the First Ones to Feel Afraid & Alone, and We Won’T Be the Last
Not Afraid, Not Alone We aren’t the first ones to feel afraid & alone, and we won’t be the last. The Bible is FULL of people who have struggled through tough times & unanswered questions. We need to be reminded about the central message of the Christmas story - God WIth Us. * All Scripture is from CSB (Christian Standard Bible) unless otherwise noted. The central message of the Christmas story didn’t begin with Mary and Joseph & a baby named Jesus. Hundreds of miles and 2000 years removed, God’s great plan began to unfold as God called out to Abram (later known as Abraham). Genesis 26:4 I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky, I will give your offspring all these lands, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring, The rest of the Bible is the story of God using the family of Abraham to bless all nations...through the birth, life, death, & resurrection of Jesus. In fact, the first line of Matthew’s story begins like this… Matthew 1:1 An account of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the Son of David, the Son of Abraham: Abraham’s family was tested and tried, going through many tough times...often feeling afraid & alone. Abraham’s son, Isaac was afraid of the Philistine people who mistreated him. In the middle of it, see God’s encouragement… Genesis 26:24 (LEB) And Yahweh appeared to him that night and said, “I am the God of your father Abraham. Do not be afraid, for I am with you, and I will bless you and make your descendants numerous for the sake of my servant Abraham.” Wouldn’t it be GREAT to hear those powerful words...from the God of the universe!?! ‘Do not be afraid, for I am with you’. -
2 the Assyrian Empire, the Conquest of Israel, and the Colonization of Judah 37 I
ISRAEL AND EMPIRE ii ISRAEL AND EMPIRE A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism Leo G. Perdue and Warren Carter Edited by Coleman A. Baker LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY 1 Bloomsbury T&T Clark An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as T&T Clark 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury, T&T Clark and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2015 © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-0-56705-409-8 PB: 978-0-56724-328-7 ePDF: 978-0-56728-051-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset by Forthcoming Publications (www.forthpub.com) 1 Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction: Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonial Interpretation 1 I. -
The Kings of Israel & Judah
THE KINGS OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH 1 2 THE KINGS OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH Verse by Verse Notes Jim Cowie 3 Printed by: Stallard & Potter 2 Jervois Street Torrensville South Australia 5031 Published by: Christadelphian Scripture Study Service 85 Suffolk Road Hawthorndene South Australia 5051 Fax + 61 8 8271–9290 Phone (08) 8278–6848 Email: [email protected] November 2002 4 PREFACE . B. N. Luke 2002 5 6 CONTENTS Page Introduction 10 Israel’s First Three Kings - Saul, David, and Solomon 15 Map of the Divided Kingdom Rehoboam - The Indiscreet (Judah) Jeroboam - The Ambitious Manipulator (Israel) Abijah - The Belligerent (Judah) Asa - Judah’s First Reformer (Judah) The Chronological Data of the Kings of Israel Nadab - The Liberal (Israel) Baasha - The Unheeding Avenger (Israel) The Chronological Data of the Kings of Judah Elah - The Apathetic Drunkard (Israel) Zimri - The Reckless Assassin (Israel) Omri - The Statute-maker (Israel) Ahab - Israel’s Worst King (Israel) Ahab of Israel and Jehoshaphat of Judah Jehoshaphat - The Enigmatic Educator (Judah) Ahaziah - The Clumsy Pagan (Israel) Jehoram - The Moderate (Israel) Jehoram of Israel and Jehoshaphat of Judah Jehoram - The Ill-fated Murderer (Judah) Ahaziah - The Doomed Puppet (Judah) Jehu - Yahweh’s Avenger (Israel) Athaliah - “That wicked woman” (Judah) Joash - The Ungrateful Dependant (Judah) Amaziah - The Offensive Infidel (Judah) Jehoahaz - The Oppressed Idolater (Israel) Jehoash - The Indifferent Deliverer (Israel) Jeroboam - The Militant Restorer (Israel) Uzziah - The Presumptuous Pragmatist -
THE GOOD KINGS of JUDAH Learning to Avert Moral Failure from Eight Good Men Who Didn’T
THE GOOD KINGS OF JUDAH learning to avert moral failure from eight good men who didn’t . give me an undivided heart . Psalm 86:11 Answer Guide ©2013 Stan Key. Reproduction of all or any substantial part of these materials is prohibited except for personal, individual use. No part of these materials may be distributed or copied for any other purpose without written permission. Unless otherwise noted, scripture quotations are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright ©2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. For information about these or other additional study materials, contact: PO Box 7 Wilmore, KY 43090 859-858-4222 800‒530‒5673 [email protected] www.francisasburysociety.com To follow Stan on his blog, visit: http://pastorkeynotes.wordpress.com. Downloadable PDFs of both student and answer guides for this study are available at www.francisasburysociety.com/stan-key. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO THE GOOD KINGS OF JUDAH .......................1 SOLOMON ................................................................................3 ASA .........................................................................................5 JEHOSHAPHAT .........................................................................7 JOASH .....................................................................................10 AMAZIAH .................................................................................12 UZZIAH....................................................................................15 -
Five Kings Who Experienced the Consequences of Sin N N Shallum, Menahem, Pekahiah, Pekah, & H Oshea of Israel
n The Kings of the Divided Kingdom n FIVE KINGS WHO EXPERIENCED THE CONSEQUENCES OF SIN n n SHALLUM, MENAHEM, PEKAHIAH, PEKAH, & H OSHEA OF ISRAEL (2 KI N G S 1 5 —17) As Israel struggled through its final years, thirty-ninth year of Uzziah king of Judah, and he reigned one month in Samaria. Then Menahem five kings reigned over the northern kingdom. son of Gadi went up from Tirzah and came to Each experienced the consequences of the sins Samaria, and struck Shallum son of Jabesh in of his predecessors and contributed, by his own Samaria, and killed him and became king in wrongdoing, to the dissolution and final destruc- his place. Now the rest of the acts of Shallum and his conspiracy which he made, behold they tion of the nation. Let us consider briefly the are written in the Book of the Chronicles of the reigns of the last five kings of Israel so that we Kings of Israel (2 Kings 15:13–15). might be reminded of the terrible consequences of sin. Shallum’s short reign began in violence and ended the same way. He killed to become king, THE FIVE KINGS IN SUMMARY and another killed him to replace him. Who were the last five kings of Israel, and what does the Bible tell us about the reign of each? Menahem, a King of Terror Their histories are found in 2 Kings 15—17. As the story of the last days of Israel contin- ues, we learn that after Menahem2 became the Shallum, a King for a Month sixteenth king of Israel by assassinating Shallum, The first of the five was Shallum, the fifteenth he “struck Tiphsah and all who were in it and its 1 king of Israel. -
University of Birmingham Athaliah and Alexandra: Gender and Queenship
University of Birmingham Athaliah and Alexandra: Gender and Queenship in Josephus Scales, Joseph; Quine, Cat Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Scales, J & Quine, C 2020, 'Athaliah and Alexandra: Gender and Queenship in Josephus', Journal of Ancient Judaism, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 233–250. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive. If you believe that this is the case for this document, please contact [email protected] providing details and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate. -
RE111 Page 1 Day Topic Prep Reading Questions August 28 30
RE111 Day Topic Prep reading Questions August 28 What is a study bible? (Compare commentaries on Ex 20:1-18 – JSB, HCSB, WBC) 30 Academic Study of Bible WWTB 15-32 31 Academic Study II Carr, 1-14 September 3 The Bible’s setting. Carr, chapter 1 Complete the map (handout) by looking at the maps in your study Bible. We will have a map quiz on Friday. 4 Pre-monarchial Israel Carr, chapter 2 Josh 11, Jdg 1; OLR: Mernepthah Stele How do the two biblical passages present different accounts of Inscription Israel’s settlement in the Promised Land? What similarities can you find with the Mernepthah stele? 6 Exod 1-3, 5-10, 12:29-42, 14-15 What parts of this narrative demonstrate resistance to domination? Why would this ideology be attractive to Canaanite refugees setting in the mountains? 7 Map Quiz Gen 25, 27-35; Discussion: Art – Substitute “George Washington” for “Jacob” in these stories. Jacob wrestling with the Angel? Why are these stories strange to recount about the founder of the (guest lecturer?) nation? 10 (Last day to Add/Drop Jdg 4-5; OLR: How to read an academic In preparation for reading Smith, read the two short OLR articles Classes) article; Rosenberg, How to Read an about how to read an academic essay. academic article 11 OLR: Smith, 19-59. Don’t panic at the length of this reading – almost all of Smith’s pages are ½ full of footnotes, which you can skip! How does Smith characterize pre-monarchial Israelite religion? What is distinctive about it? 13 Transition to Monarchy WWTB, 33-49; Carr, chapter 3 1 Sam 8-17 Be sure you can identify: David, Solomon, Samuel, Rehoboam, and Jeroboam. -
Kings of Israel and Judah
Kings of Israel and Judah Kings of Israel and Judah Length of Kind of Ruler Date Begin Comments Reign Reign Saul 1050 B.C. 40 years mostly bad Saul was the first king to rule Israel and Judah. David 1010 B.C. 40 years good David loved and followed God all his life. mostly Solomon 970 B.C. 40 years Solomon was the wisest man who ever lived. good Kings of Judah Length of Kind of Ruler Date Begin Comments Reign Reign Rehoboam was the first king of Judah after the Rehoboam 930 B.C. 17 years bad nation divided. Abijah Judah and Israel were at war through all of 913 B.C. 3 years bad (Abijam) Abijah’s reign. Asa loved the Lord and tore down all the idols Asa 910 B.C. 41 years good his Abijah had made. Jehoshaphat built a fleet of ships to sail for gold, Jehoshaphat 872 B.C. 25 years good but they were wrecked before they ever set sail. Jehoram was married to a daughter of wicked Jehoram 848 B.C. 8 years bad King Ahab of Israel. Ahaziah was killed by Jehu just before Jehu Ahaziah 841 B.C. 1 year bad took the throne of Israel. Athaliah, Ahaziah’s mother, seized the throne Athaliah 841 B.C. 7 years bad for herself when her son was killed. Jehoash became king of Judah when he was Jehoash 835 B.C. 40 years good only seven years old. During Amaziah’s reign, the armies of Israel mostly Amaziah 796 B.C. 29 years destroyed part of Jerusalem and stole gold and good silver from the temple. -
Divided Kingdom
Divided Kingdom Lesson 9 Review: Division to Jehu Divided Kingdom: Kings of Israel Jeroboam – 22y Jehoahaz – 17y Nadab - 2y Joash (Jehoash) – 16y Baasha – 24y Jeroboam II – 41y Elah – 2y Zechariah – 6m Zimri – 1w Shallum – 1m Omri – 12y Menahem – 10y Ahab – 22y Pekahiah – 2y Ahaziah – 2y Pekah – 20y Jehoram (Joram) – 12y Hoshea – 9y – 28y Divided Kingdom: Kings of Israel Jeroboam – 22y Jehoahaz – 17y Nadab - 2y Joash (Jehoash) – 16y Baasha – 24y Jeroboam II – 41y Elah – 2y Zechariah – 6m Zimri – 1w Shallum – 1m Omri – 12y Menahem – 10y Ahab – 22y Pekahiah – 2y Ahaziah – 2y Pekah – 20y Jehoram (Joram) – 12y Hoshea – 9y – 28y Divided Kingdom: Kings of Israel Jeroboam – 22y Jehoahaz – 17y Nadab - 2y Joash (Jehoash) – 16y Baasha – 24y Jeroboam II – 41y Elah – 2y Zechariah – 6m Zimri – 1w Shallum – 1m Omri – 12y Menahem – 10y Ahab – 22y Pekahiah – 2y Ahaziah – 2y Pekah – 20y Jehoram (Joram) – 12y Hoshea – 9y – 28y Divided Kingdom: Kings of Israel Jeroboam – 22y Jehoahaz – 17y Nadab - 2y Joash (Jehoash) – 16y Baasha – 24y Jeroboam II – 41y Elah – 2y Zechariah – 6m Zimri – 1w Shallum – 1m Omri – 12y Menahem – 10y Ahab – 22y Pekahiah – 2y Ahaziah – 2y Pekah – 20y Jehoram (Joram) – 12y Hoshea – 9y – 28y Divided Kingdom: Kings of Israel Jeroboam – 22y Jehoahaz – 17y Nadab - 2y Joash (Jehoash) – 16y Baasha – 24y Jeroboam II – 41y Elah – 2y Zechariah – 6m Zimri – 1w Shallum – 1m Omri – 12y Menahem – 10y Ahab – 22y Pekahiah – 2y Ahaziah – 2y Pekah – 20y Jehoram -
Plotting Antiochus's Persecution
JBL123/2 (2004) 219-234 PLOTTING ANTIOCHUS'S PERSECUTION STEVEN WEITZMAN [email protected] Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7005 The history of religious persecution could be said to have begun in 167 B.C.E. when the Seleucid king Antiochus IV issued a series of decrees outlawing Jewish religious practice. According to 1 Maccabees, anyone found with a copy of the Torah or adhering to its laws—observing the Sabbath, for instance, or practicing circumcision—was put to death. Jews were compelled to build altars and shrines to idols and to sacrifice pigs and other unclean animals. The temple itself was desecrated by a "desolating abomination" built atop the altar of burnt offering. The alternative account in 2 Maccabees adds to the list of outrages: the temple was renamed for Olympian Zeus, and the Jews were made to walk in a procession honoring the god Dionysus. Without apparent precedent, the king decided to abolish an entire religion, suppressing its rites, flaunting its taboos, forcing the Jews to follow "customs strange to the land." Antiochus IV s persecution of Jewish religious tradition is a notorious puz zle, which the great scholar of the period Elias Bickerman once described as "the basic and sole enigma in the history of Seleucid Jerusalem."1 Earlier for eign rulers of the Jews in Jerusalem, including Antiochus s own Seleucid fore bears, were not merely tolerant of the religious traditions of their subjects; they often invested their own resources to promote those traditions.2 According to Josephus, Antiochus III, whose defeat of the Ptolemaic kingdom at the battle of Panium in 200 B.C.E. -
Athaliah, a Treacherous Queen: a Careful Analysis of Her Story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21
Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 Robin Gallaher Branch School of Biblical Sciences & Bible Languages Potchefstroom Campus North-West University POTCHEFSTROOM E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 This article presents a critical look at the story of the reign of Athaliah, the only ruling queen of Israel or Judah in the biblical text. Double reference in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles shows her story’s importance and significance to the biblical writers. The largely parallel accounts read like a contemporary soap opera, for they contain murder, intrigue, harem politics, religious upheaval, and coup and counter-coup. Her story provides insights on the turbulent political climate of the ninth century BC. However, the purpose of the biblical writers is not to show Athaliah as the epitome of evil or that all women in power are evil. Opsomming Atalia, ’n verraderlike koningin: ’n noukeurige analise van haar verhaal in 2 Konings 11 en 2 Kronieke 22:10-23:21 In hierdie artikel word die verhaal van Atalia krities nagegaan. Atalia was naamlik die enigste koninging van Israel of Juda wie se regeringstyd in die Bybelteks verhaal word. Die dubbele verwysings na hierdie tyd in 2 Konings en 2 Kronieke dui op die belangrikheid en betekenis van haar verhaal vir die Bybel- skrywers. Die twee weergawes wat grotendeels parallelle weer- gawes is, lees byna soos ’n hedendaagse sepie, want hierdie verhale sluit elemente in soos moord, intrige, harempolitiek, godsdiensopstand, staatsgreep en kontrastaatsgreep.