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The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000
Educating for a New Economy: The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000 by William D. Goldsmith Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nancy MacLean, Supervisor ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith ___________________________ Gary Gereffi ___________________________ Helen Ladd Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in The Graduate School of Duke University 2018 ABSTRACT Educating for a New Economy: The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000 by William D. Goldsmith Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nancy MacLean, Supervisor ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith ___________________________ Gary Gereffi ___________________________ Helen Ladd An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 Copyright by William D. Goldsmith 2018 Abstract This dissertation shows how an array of policymakers, invested in uprooting an unequal political economy descended from the plantation system and Jim Crow, gravitated to education as a centerpiece of development strategy, and why so many are still disappointed in its outcomes. By looking at state-wide policymaking in North Carolina and policy effects in the state’s black belt counties, this study shows why the civil rights movement was vital for shifting state policy in former Jim Crow states towards greater investment in human resources. By breaking down employment barriers to African Americans and opening up the South to new people and ideas, the civil rights movement fostered a new climate for economic policymaking, and a new ecosystem of organizations flourished to promote equitable growth. -
HON. JESSE HELMS ÷ Z 1921–2008
im Line) HON. JESSE HELMS ÷z 1921–2008 VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6686 Sfmt 6686 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6686 Sfmt 6686 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Jesse Helms LATE A SENATOR FROM NORTH CAROLINA MEMORIAL ADDRESSES AND OTHER TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES E PL UR UM IB N U U S VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE congress.#15 (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Courtesy U.S. Senate Historical Office Jesse Helms VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6688 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE 43500.002 (Trim Line) (Trim Line) S. DOC. 110–16 Memorial Addresses and Other Tributes HELD IN THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES TOGETHER WITH A MEMORIAL SERVICE IN HONOR OF JESSE HELMS Late a Senator from North Carolina One Hundred Tenth Congress Second Session ÷ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 2009 VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6686 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing VerDate Aug 31 2005 15:01 May 15, 2009 Jkt 043500 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 H:\DOCS\HELMS\43500.TXT CRS2 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) CONTENTS Page Biography ................................................................................................. -
Ch 5 NC Legislature.Indd
The State Legislature The General Assembly is the oldest governmental body in North Carolina. According to tradition, a “legislative assembly of free holders” met for the first time around 1666. No documentary proof, however, exists proving that this assembly actually met. Provisions for a representative assembly in Proprietary North Carolina can be traced to the Concessions and Agreements, adopted in 1665, which called for an unicameral body composed of the governor, his council and twelve delegates selected annually to sit as a legislature. This system of representation prevailed until 1670, when Albemarle County was divided into three precincts. Berkeley Precinct, Carteret Precinct and Shaftsbury Precinct were apparently each allowed five representatives. Around 1682, four new precincts were created from the original three as the colony’s population grew and the frontier moved westward. The new precincts were usually allotted two representatives, although some were granted more. Beginning with the Assembly of 1723, several of the larger, more important towns were allowed to elect their own representatives. Edenton was the first town granted this privilege, followed by Bath, New Bern, Wilmington, Brunswick, Halifax, Campbellton (Fayetteville), Salisbury, Hillsborough and Tarborough. Around 1735 Albemarle and Bath Counties were dissolved and the precincts became counties. The unicameral legislature continued until around 1697, when a bicameral form was adopted. The governor or chief executive at the time, and his council constituted the upper house. The lower house, the House of Burgesses, was composed of representatives elected from the colony’s various precincts. The lower house could adopt its own rules of procedure and elect its own speaker and other officers. -
Dissenter in the Baptist Southland : Fifty Years in the Career of William
DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/dissenterinbaptiOObrya DISSENTER IN THE BAPTIST SOUTHLAND ) William Wallace Finlator in action, chairing a public hearing of the North Car- olina Advisory Committee to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission in August 1977. (Photo by Images Unlimited, from the collection of G. McLeod Bryan. DISSENTER IN THE BAPTIST SOUTHLAND Fifty Years in the Career of William Wallace Finlator BY G. McLeod Bryan MERCER UNIVERSITY PRESS MP — ISBN D-flbSSM-17b-D Dissenter in the Baptist Southland Copyright © 1985 Mercer University Press, Macon GA 31207 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America All books published by Mercer University Press are produced on acid-free paper that exceeds the minimum standards set by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Bryan, G. McLeod. Dissenter in the Baptist southland. "Essays and articles by William Wallace Finlator": p. 185. Includes bibliographies and indexes. 1. Finlator, William Wallace, 1913- 2. Baptists—North Carolina—Clergy—Biography. 3. Southern Baptist Convention—North Carolina Clergy—Biography. 4. North Carolina—Biography. 5. Church and social problems—United States. I. Title. BX6495.F46B78 1985 286'.132'0924 [B] 85-13752 ISBN 0-86554-176-0 (alk. paper) 1 4*5 CONTENTS A FINLATOR CHRONOLOGY ix FOREWORD xiii PREFACE xv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix Chapter One DEVELOPING A POLITICAL THEOLOGY 1 Chapter Two ENJOYING CONTROVERSY 33 Chapter Three CULTIVATING THE PRESS AND LABOR 65 Chapter Four FIGHTING RACISM 93 Chapter Five MAKING PEACE 123 Chapter Six SEPARATING CHURCH AND STATE 149 vi G. -
134TH COMMENCEMENT James E
134 th Commencement MAY 2021 Welcome Dear Temple graduates, Congratulations! Today is a day of celebration for you and all those who have supported you in your Temple journey. I couldn’t be more proud of the diverse and driven students who are graduating this spring. Congratulations to all of you, to your families and to our dedicated faculty and academic advisors who had the pleasure of educating and championing you. If Temple’s founder Russell Conwell were alive to see your collective achievements today, he’d be thrilled and amazed. In 1884, he planted the seeds that have grown and matured into one of this nation’s great urban research universities. Now it’s your turn to put your own ideas and dreams in motion. Even if you experience hardships or disappointments, remember the motto Conwell left us: Perseverantia Vincit, Perseverance Conquers. We have faith that you will succeed. Thank you so much for calling Temple your academic home. While I trust you’ll go far, remember that you will always be part of the Cherry and White. Plan to come back home often. Sincerely, Richard M. Englert President UPDATED: 05/07/2021 Contents The Officers and the Board of Trustees ............................................2 Candidates for Degrees James E. Beasley School of Law ....................................................3 Esther Boyer College of Music and Dance .....................................7 College of Education and Human Development ...........................11 College of Engineering ............................................................... -
The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions
Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2021 The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions Jessica Bulman-Pozen Columbia Law School, [email protected] Miriam Seifter University of Wisconsin Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, Election Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Legislation Commons, and the State and Local Government Law Commons Recommended Citation Jessica Bulman-Pozen & Miriam Seifter, The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions, 119 MICH. L. REV. 859 (2021). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/2654 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE DEMOCRACY PRINCIPLE IN STATE CONSTITUTIONS Jessica Bulman-Pozen*& Miriam Seifter** In recent years, antidemocratic behavior has rippled across the nation. Lame- duck state legislatures have stripped popularly elected governors of their pow- ers; extreme partisan gerrymanders have warped representative institutions; state officials have nullified popularly adopted initiatives. The federal Consti- tution offers few resources to address these problems, and ballot-box solutions cannot work when antidemocratic actions undermine elections themselves. Commentators increasingly decry the rule of the many by the few. This Article argues that a vital response has been neglected. State constitu- tions embody a deep commitment to democracy. Unlike the federal Constitu- tion, they were drafted—and have been repeatedly rewritten and amended— to empower popular majorities. -
105Th Congress 215
NORTH CAROLINA 105th Congress 215 NORTH CAROLINA (Population 1995, 7,195,000) SENATORS JESSE HELMS, Republican, of Raleigh, NC; born in Monroe, NC, October 18, 1921; at- tended Wingate College and Wake Forest College; U.S. Navy, 1942±45; former city editor, Ra- leigh Times; administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Willis Smith, 1951±53, and to U.S. Senator Alton Lennon, 1953; executive director, North Carolina Bankers Association, 1953±60; execu- tive vice president, WRAL±TV and Tobacco Radio Network, 1960±72; member, Raleigh City Council, chairman of Law and Finance Committee, 1957±61; deacon and Sunday School teach- er, Hayes Barton Baptist Church, Raleigh; recipient of two Freedom Foundation awards for radio-television editorials; recipient of annual citizenship awards from North Carolina American Legion, North Carolina Veterans of Foreign Wars, and Raleigh Exchange Club; recipient of Outstanding Service Award of the Council Against Communist Aggression, the Richard Henry Lee Award, and the Order of Lafayette Freedom Award; former trustee, Meredith College, John F. Kennedy College, Delaware Law School, Campbell University, and Wingate College; presi- dent, Raleigh Rotary Club, 1969±70; 33rd degree Mason: Grand Orator, Grand Lodge of Ma- sons of North Carolina, 1964±65, 1982, 1991; member, board of directors, North Carolina Cere- bral Palsy Hospital; member, board of directors of Camp Willow Run, a youth camp for Christ at Littleton, NC; married Dorothy Jane Coble of Raleigh, October 31, 1942; three children: Jane (Mrs. Charles R. Knox), Nancy (Mrs. John C. Stuart), and Charles; seven grandchildren; com- mittees: Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry; chairman, Foreign Relations; Rules and Adminis- tration; elected to the U.S. -
27-04-HR Haldeman
Richard Nixon Presidential Library Contested Materials Collection Folder List Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 27 4 12/2/1971Campaign Memo From Haldeman and Mitchell to Dent RE: Wallace's campaign efforts in Florida. 2 pgs. 27 4 11/4/1971Domestic Policy Financial Records Unidentified financial records. 1 pg. 27 4 11/22/1971Domestic Policy Memo From Hugh W. Sloan, Jr. to Mitchell RE: operating expenses for December 1971. Detailed financial figures attached. 2 pgs. 27 4Domestic Policy Financial Records Detailed list of December 1972 operating expenses. 1 pg. Tuesday, July 12, 2011 Page 1 of 10 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 27 4 11/30/1971White House Staff Memo From Dent to Haldeman RE: attached documents. 1 pg. 27 4 11/30/1971Campaign Memo From Dent to Mitchell RE: the 1972 Senate campaign in Virginia. Polling information and analysis attached. 4 pgs. 27 4 11/29/1971Campaign Memo From Dent to Ehrlichman RE: the political status of North Carolina. 2 pgs. 27 4 11/17/1971Campaign Memo From Dent to Mitchell RE: Jim Gardner's gubernatorial run in North Carolina. 1 pg. 27 4Campaign Other Document Handwritten notes on Jim Gardner's political aspirations. 1 pg. Tuesday, July 12, 2011 Page 2 of 10 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 27 4 11/29/1971Campaign Other Document Handwritten notes on Dent's conversation with Phillips. 1 pg. 27 4 12/2/1971Campaign Other Document Handwritten notes relating to the campaign. -
When African-Americans Were Republicans in North Carolina, the Target of Suppressive Laws Was Black Republicans. Now That They
When African-Americans Were Republicans in North Carolina, The Target of Suppressive Laws Was Black Republicans. Now That They Are Democrats, The Target Is Black Democrats. The Constant Is Race. A Report for League of Women Voters v. North Carolina By J. Morgan Kousser Table of Contents Section Title Page Number I. Aims and Methods 3 II. Abstract of Findings 3 III. Credentials 6 IV. A Short History of Racial Discrimination in North Carolina Politics A. The First Disfranchisement 8 B. Election Laws and White Supremacy in the Post-Civil War South 8 C. The Legacy of White Political Supremacy Hung on Longer in North Carolina than in Other States of the “Rim South” 13 V. Democratizing North Carolina Election Law and Increasing Turnout, 1995-2009 A. What Provoked H.B. 589? The Effects of Changes in Election Laws Before 2010 17 B. The Intent and Effect of Election Laws Must Be Judged by their Context 1. The First Early Voting Bill, 1993 23 2. No-Excuse Absentee Voting, 1995-97 24 3. Early Voting Launched, 1999-2001 25 4. An Instructive Incident and Out-of-Precinct Voting, 2005 27 5. A Fair and Open Process: Same-Day Registration, 2007 30 6. Bipartisan Consensus on 16-17-Year-Old-Preregistration, 2009 33 VI. Voter ID and the Restriction of Early Voting: The Preview, 2011 A. Constraints 34 B. In the Wings 34 C. Center Stage: Voter ID 35 VII. H.B. 589 Before and After Shelby County A. Process Reveals Intention 37 B. Facts 1. The Extent of Fraud 39 2. -
North Carolina's Energy Future? N.C
e North Carolina's Energy Future? N.C. Center for Public Policy Research Board of Directors Thad L. Beyle, Chairman The North Carolina Center is an independent research and Patricia H. Wagner, Vice Chairman educational institution formed to study state government policies Grace Rohrer, Secretary and practices without partisan bias or political intent. Its purpose V.B. (Hawk) Johnson, Treasurer Thomas L. Barringer is to enrich the dialogue between private citizens and public Daniel T. Blue, Jr. officials, and its constituency is the people of this state. The William L. Bondurant Center's broad institutional goal is the stimulation of greater Betty Chafin interest in public affairs and a better understanding of the Fred Corriher, Jr. profound impact state government has each day on everyone in Walter DeVries James S. Ferguson North Carolina. Charles Z. Flack, Jr. A non-profit, non-partisan organization, the Center was Joel L. Fleishman formed in 1977 by a diverse group of private citizens "for the Virginia Ann Foxx purposes of gathering, analyzing and disseminating information Karen E. Gottovi R. Darrell Hancock concerning North Carolina's institutions of government." It is William G. Hancock, Jr. guided by a self-electing Board of Directors, and has some 600 James E. Harrington individual and corporate members across the state. The Center's Watts Hill, Jr. staff of associate directors, fellows, and interns includes various Wilbur Hobby Mary Hopper scholars, students, journalists, and professionals from around the Sandra L. Johnson state. Several advisory boards provide members of the staff with Walter T. Johnson, Jr. expert guidance in specific fields such as education, publications, Betty Ann Knudsen and fund raising. -
Governors' Papers
Governors’ Papers 1 R. Gregg Cherry GOVERNOR ROBERT GREGG CHERRY, 1944-1949, n.d. Arrangement: By record series or subject, then chronological. Reprocessed by: James Mark Valsame Finding aid by W. F. Burton, January 8, 1949 Digitized by: James Mark Valsame Date: May 31, 2012 Robert Gregg Cherry (October 17, 1891 – June 25, 1957), Post-World War II governor of North Carolina and speaker and long-time member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, was born at Catawba Junction, near York, SC, to Chancellor Lafayette and Hattie Davis Cherry. His mother died when Cherry was one year old and his father, a farmer and Confederate veteran, six years later. Cherry was sent to Gastonia, just across the state line, to live with his maternal grandfather, pioneer Gastonian Isaac N. Davis, and his uncle, Henry M. Lineberger. Cherry attended the public schools of Gastonia and then was graduated from Trinity College in 1912. He completed a law degree at Trinity College in 1914, winning the Judge Walter Clark prize as the highest ranking student in the graduating class. Returning to Gastonia, he established a law practice with Alfred Lee Bulwinkle, long-time friend and future congressman from the area. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, Cherry delighted in organizing among men in the Gastonia area a machine gun troop of the First North Carolina Cavalry, which he trained and commanded during service overseas. He always took great pride in having developed a group of local men into a fighting cadre. His interest in the military continued after the war, and he maintained membership in the National Guard until 1924. -
Abstracts, NC, Anson, Early Records, May Wilson Mcbee
Abstracts, NC, Anson, Early Records, May Wilson McBee ANSON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA ABSTRACTS OF EARLY RECORDS compiled by MAY WILSON MCBEE GENEALOGICAL PUBLISHING CO., INC Baltimore 1978 Page 1 of 87 Abstracts, NC, Anson, Early Records, May Wilson McBee 136 PETITIONS Petition to Governor, Council and Assembly from the inhabitants of the upper end of the county for a division to form Montgomery County. [No lists] February 1779.5 Thomas Wade, Marshall Digge, Lot Tallant, Joseph Howell, Isaac Fortenbery, Alexander McCaskill, Israel Snead, William Love, Henry Adcock, Burlingham Rudd, George Andrews, John Short, John Dinkins, Lawrence Franklin, John Wade, John Franklin, William Liles, Richard Farr, John Smith, Francis Smith, Solomon Fisher, John Cole, Joseph Martin, Duke Gleh, Thomas Slay, Thomas Vining, William Boggan, Patt Boggan, Cornelius Ross, Robert Sego, John Sego, Edward Smith, Shadrach Baggett, Daniel Murphy, Jabez Hendricks, Abraham Leiavour, James Nubry [Newberry], John Crawford, John Auld, Delong Bass, Thomas Conner, William Bennett, Neavil Bennett, James Chiles, Thomas Thomas, John Maclendal, James Bogen, Thomas Baly, William Yoe, Theophilus Evans, James Langford, William Langford, William McDonald, George Loundesdell Rudd, Jeremiah Gulledge, John Smith, Robert Jarman, James Little, William Hickman, Micajah Stinson, George Lindsey, Charles Birmingham, John Newton, William Bennett, Jr., Daniel Low, Richard James, Abraham Iegow H], Thomas Tallant, Joshua Moses, Moses Tallant, Thomas Hall, Aaron Tallant, John Segar Sr., Jacob Falconberry, Will Watts, Peter Watts, Jonathan Davidson, William Rushing, John Murtee, William Fedricks, William Bales, William May, Pat Boggan In, John Street, Moses Greel, Thomas I ones, Mark Rushing, Sol Dearman, Arthur Dees, James Dees, __ Bohman, Daniel Vines, Thomas Higdon, John Higdon, John Henricks, William Watkins, William White, John Crisnel, Thomas Phillips, David Watts, Joseph Smith, Abraham Jones, William Gulledge, Benjamin Fuller, Ins.