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VOLUME 7 2 . No. 4 . AUGUST 2 0
VOLUME 72 . No.4 . AUGUST 2020 © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA Minerva Pediatrica 2020 August;72(4):288-311 Online version at http://www.minervamedica.it DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4946.20.05861-2 REVIEW MANAGEMENT OF THE MAIN ENDOCRINE AND DIABETIC DISORDERS IN CHILDREN Current treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome: focus on adolescence Maria E. STREET 1 *, Francesca CIRILLO 1, Cecilia CATELLANI 1, 2, Marco DAURIZ 3, 4, Pietro LAZZERONI 1, Chiara SARTORI 1, Paolo MOGHETTI 4 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda USL – IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; 2Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; 3Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Bolzano General Hospital, Bolzano, Italy; 4Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy *Corresponding author: Maria E. Street, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda USL – IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder in women and it is associated with an in- creased rate of infertility. Its etiology remains largely unknown, although both genetic and environmental factors play a role. PCOS is characterized by insulin resistance, metabolic disorders and low-grade chronic inflammation. To date, the treatment of PCOS is mainly symptomatic and aimed at reducing clinical signs of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism and acne), at improving menstrual cyclicity and at favoring ovulation. Since PCOS pathophysiology is still largely unknown, the therapeutic interventions currently in place are rarely cause-specific. -
Targeting Glycine Reuptake in Alcohol Seeking and Relapse
JPET Fast Forward. Published on January 24, 2018 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244822 This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. TITLE PAGE Targeting Glycine Reuptake in Alcohol Seeking and Relapse Valentina Vengeliene, Martin Roßmanith, Tatiane T. Takahashi, Daniela Alberati, Berthold Behl, Anton Bespalov, Rainer Spanagel Downloaded from The primary laboratory of origin: Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of jpet.aspetjournals.org Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; at ASPET Journals on September 30, 2021 VV, MR, TTT, RS: Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; DA: Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland; BB, AB: Department of Neuroscience Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany; AB: Department of Psychopharmacology, Pavlov Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia JPET #244822 JPET Fast Forward. Published on January 24, 2018 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244822 This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. RUNNING TITLE GlyT1 in Alcohol Seeking and Relapse Corresponding author with complete address: Valentina Vengeliene, Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany Email: [email protected], phone: +49-621-17036261; fax: +49-621- Downloaded from 17036255 jpet.aspetjournals.org The number of text pages: 33 Number of tables: 0 Number of figures: 6 Number of references: 44 at ASPET Journals on September 30, 2021 Number of words in the Abstract: 153 Number of words in the Introduction: 729 Number of words in the Discussion: 999 A recommended section assignment to guide the listing in the table of content: Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2 JPET #244822 JPET Fast Forward. -
An Open-Label Pilot Trial of Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Weight Loss in Patients with Schizophrenia Without Diabetes Joseph C
Case Reports An Open-Label Pilot Trial of Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Weight Loss in Patients with Schizophrenia without Diabetes Joseph C. Ratliff1 , Laura B. Palmese 1, Erin L. Reutenauer 1, Cenk Tek 1 Abstract A possible mechanism of antipsychotic-induced weight gain is activation of hypothalamic monophosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK) mediated by histamine 1 receptors. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a potent antioxidant, counteracts this ef- fect and may be helpful in reducing weight for patients taking antipsychotics. The objective of this open-label study was to assess the efficacy of ALA (1,200 mg) on twelve non-diabetic schizophrenia patients over ten weeks. Participants lost significant weight during the intervention (-2.2 kg±2.5 kg). ALA was well tolerated and was particularly effective for individuals taking strongly antihistaminic antipsychotics (-2.9 kg±2.6 kg vs. -0.5 kg±1.0 kg). Clinical Trial Registra- tion: NCT01355952. Key Words: Schizophrenia, Obesity, Schizoaffective Disorder, Alpha-Lipoic Acid Introduction dependent protein kinase (AMPK) in the hypothalamus Antipsychotic medications appear to induce weight (4). In the periphery, AMPK increases energy utilization; gain, which results in increased rates of obesity in schizo- AMPK activity in the hypothalamus increases appetite. phrenia (1). Schizophrenia patients have significantly short- Several highly orexigenic (stimulates appetite) antipsy- er life expectancy than the general population (2); most of chotics such as clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine are this excess mortality is attributed to diabetes and cardiovas- shown to activate AMPK in the hypothalamus in animal cular disease (3); weight gain is a significant contributor to studies whereas other antipsychotic medications do not (4). -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0236506 A1 SCHWARTZ Et Al
US 2011 0236506A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0236506 A1 SCHWARTZ et al. (43) Pub. Date: Sep. 29, 2011 (54) PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION Publication Classification CONTAINING LIPOCACID AND (51) Int. Cl. HYDROXYCTRIC ACIDAS ACTIVE A633/24 (2006.01) INGREDIENTS A63L/385 (2006.01) A63/685 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Laurent SCHWARTZ, Paris (FR): A63/4985 (2006.01) Adeline GUAIS-VERGNE, A63L/7056 (2006.01) Draveil (FR) A6IP35/00 (2006.01) (73) Assignees: Laurent SCHWARTZ, Paris (FR): (52) U.S. Cl. ........... 424/649; 514/440; 514/77: 514/249; BIOREBUS, Paris (FR) 514/52 (21) Appl. No.: 13/099,897 (57) ABSTRACT Pharmaceutical combination containing lipoic acid and (22) Filed: May 3, 2011 hydroxycitric acid as active ingredients. The present inven tion relates to a novel pharmaceutical combination and to the Related U.S. Application Data use thereof for producing a medicament having an antitumor (63) Continuation of application No. PCT/FR2009/ activity. According to the invention, this combination com 052110, filed on Nov. 2, 2009. prises, as active ingredients: lipoic acid or one of the pharma ceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydroxycitric acid or (30) Foreign Application Priority Data one of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Said active ingredients being formulated together or separately for Nov. 3, 2008 (FR) ....................................... O8574.48 a conjugated, simultaneous or separate use. Patent Application Publication Sep. 29, 2011 Sheet 1 of 9 US 2011/023650.6 A1 lipoic acid alone -29 f2 f Niger of ces i{t} v s 6 g i w 4. 6 8 i 2 Concentrations tumoi.i. -
Neurotransmitters-Sample-Report
Neurotransmitters Test the messengers of your neural network 1(866) 364-0963 www.vibrant-wellness.com 1360 Bayport Ave. Ste. B [email protected] San Carlos, CA 94070 Neurotransmitters Vibrant Wellness | 1360 Bayport Ave, Ste B. San Carlos, CA 94070 1(866) 364-0963 | [email protected] | www. vibrant-wellness.com Final Report Date: 06-19-2020 16:03 Specimen Collected: 06-18-2020 16:03 Accession ID: 2006190275 Specimen Received: 06-19-2020 10:03 LAST NAME FIRST NAME GENDER DATE OF BIRTH ACCESSION ID DATE OF SERVICE PATIENT TEST2 MALE 1998-01-06 2006190275 06-18-2020 16:03 PATIENT PROVIDER Name: TEST2 PATIENT Practice Name: Vibrant IT4 Practice Date of Birth: 1998-01-06 Provider Name: Demo Client, DDD (999994) Gender: Male Street Address: TEST STREET Age: 22 City: TEST CITY State: KY Fasting: FASTING Zip #: 42437 Telephone #: Fax #: 000-000-0000 Vibrant Wellness is pleased to present to you, 'Neurotransmitters', to help you make healthy lifestyle, dietary and treatment choices in consultation with your healthcare provider. It is intended to be used as a tool to encourage a general state of health and well-being. The Vibrant Neurotransmitters is a test to measure inhibitory, excitatory and other neurotransmitters . The panel is designed to give a complete picture of an individual’s levels of neurotransmitters in urine. Interpretation of Report: The report contains the complete list of the all urine neurotransmitters tested with quantitative results to enable a full overview along with the corresponding reference ranges. The classification of Red indicates a result that is outside the reference range and the classification of Green denotes a result that is within the reference range. -
Amino Acids Amino Acids
Amino Acids Amino Acids What Are Amino Acids? Essential Amino Acids Non Essential Amino Acids Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; proteins are made of amino acids. Isoleucine Arginine (conditional) When you ingest a protein your body breaks it down into the individual aminos, Leucine Glutamine (conditional) reorders them, re-folds them, and turns them into whatever is needed by the body at Lysine Tyrosine (conditional) that time. From only 20 amino acids, the body is able to make thousands of unique proteins with different functions. Methionine Cysteine (conditional) Phenylalanine Glycine (conditional) Threonine Proline (conditional) Did You Know? Tryptophan Serine (conditional) Valine Ornithine (conditional) There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein. Each protein consists of 50 to 2,000 amino acids that are connected together in a specific Histidine* Alanine sequence. The sequence of the amino acids determines each protein’s unique structure Asparagine and its specific function in the body. Asparate Popular Amino Acid Supplements How Do They Benefit Our Health? Acetyl L- Carnitine: As part of its role in supporting L-Lysine: L-Lysine, an essential amino acid, is mental function, Acetyl L-Carnitine may help needed to support proper growth and bone Proteins (amino acids) are needed by your body to maintain muscles, bones, blood, as support memory, attention span and mental development. It can also support immune function. well as create enzymes, neurotransmitters and antibodies, as well as transport and performance. store molecules. N-Acetyl Cysteine: N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) is a L-Arginine: L-Arginine is a nonessential amino acid form of the amino acid cysteine. -
Philadelphia
Saturday, April 18th, 2015 PCOS Awareness Symposium 2015 Philadelphia Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Creating a Treatment Plan Katherine Sherif, MD Professor & Vice Chair, Department of Medicine Director, Jefferson Women’s Primary Care Thomas Jefferson University The Canary in the Coalmine . PCOS seems to accelerate the aging process . It is possible to reverse the aging process . Be scrupulous in your commitment to be healthy Multiple Systems . Reproductive . Endocrinologic . Cardiac . Renal (kidney) . Hepatic (liver) . Brain (mood) . Dermatologic Multiple Signs & Symptoms Irregular periods, Bleeding too much, Bleeding too little, Anxiety, Depression, Eating disorders, Weight gain, Acanthosis nigricans, Skin tags, Follicular keratitis, Hirsutism, Acne, Alopecia, Excess sweating, Seborrheic dermatitis, Hidradenitis supparativa, Fatty liver, High triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol, Elevated glucose, Infertility, Breastfeeding problems, Poor sleep, Miscarriages, Fatigue, Endometrial cancer Multiple Pathways GnRH pulsatility Theca cell LH Progesterone 17 - OH P testosterone estrone androstenedione & TGranulosa A* Estradiol X Follicle Peripheral conversion A* = aromatase More Pathways! GnRH Insulin pulsatility Theca cell LH Progesterone 17 - OH P testosterone estrone androstenedione testosterone estradiol X ↓ SHBG Free T X Follicle Peripheral conversion The Magic Bullet The oral contraceptive pill . High doses of estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) . Increase SHBG and lower free testosterone* . Improve skin symptoms in most: . Alopecia . -
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Is a Major NeuroTransmitter Widely Distributed Throughout the Central Nervous System (CNS)
Alternative Medicine Review Volume 12, Number 3 2007 Monograph GABA Gamma-Aminobutyric O + Acid (GABA) H3N O- Introduction Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major neuro transmitter widely distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Because too much excitation can lead to irritability, restlessness, insomnia, seizures, and movement disorders, it must be balanced with inhibition. GABA – the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain – provides this inhibition, acting like a “brake” during times of runaway stress. Medications for anxiety, such as benzodiazepines, stimulate GABA receptors and induce relaxation. Either low GABA levels or decreased GABA function in the brain is associated with several psy- chiatric and neurological disorders, including anxiety, depression, insomnia, and epilepsy. Studies indicate GABA can improve relaxation and enhance sleep. Both synthetic and natural GABA are available as dietary supplements in the United States. Natural GABA is produced via a fermentation process that utilizes Lactobacillus hilgardii – the bacteria used to ferment vegetables in the preparation of the traditional Korean dish known as kimchi. Biochemistry and Pharmacokinetics Within the brain, glutamic acid is converted to GABA via the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase and its cofac- tor pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (P5P; active vitamin B6). GABA is metabolized by gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, also a P5P-dependent enzyme, forming an intermediate metabolite succinate semialdehyde. This metabolite can then be reduced to gamma-hydroxybutyrate, or oxidized to succinate and eventually converted to CO2 and water via the citric acid cycle. When plasma membrane depolarization induces the release of GABA from nerve terminals, GABA binds to GABA receptors – such as the GABAA and GABAB receptors – that are distributed on post-synaptic cell membranes. -
Therapeutic Effect of Agmatine on Neurological Disease: Focus on Ion Channels and Receptors
Neurochemical Research (2019) 44:735–750 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-02712-1 REVIEW PAPER Therapeutic Effect of Agmatine on Neurological Disease: Focus on Ion Channels and Receptors Sumit Barua1 · Jong Youl Kim1 · Jae Young Kim1 · Jae Hwan Kim4 · Jong Eun Lee1,2,3 Received: 15 October 2018 / Revised: 19 December 2018 / Accepted: 24 December 2018 / Published online: 4 January 2019 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) is the most injury-prone part of the mammalian body. Any acute or chronic, central or peripheral neurological disorder is related to abnormal biochemical and electrical signals in the brain cells. As a result, ion channels and receptors that are abundant in the nervous system and control the electrical and biochemical environment of the CNS play a vital role in neurological disease. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid receptor, kainate receptor, acetylcholine receptor, serotonin receptor, α2-adrenoreceptor, and acid-sensing ion channels are among the major channels and receptors known to be key components of pathophysiological events in the CNS. The primary amine agmatine, a neuromodulator synthesized in the brain by decarboxylation of L-arginine, can regu- late ion channel cascades and receptors that are related to the major CNS disorders. In our previous studies, we established that agmatine was related to the regulation of cell differentiation, nitric oxide synthesis, and murine brain endothelial cell migration, relief of chronic pain, cerebral edema, and apoptotic cell death in experimental CNS disorders. -
Flavor Masking/Enhancement
T,&YJJIVMRK %RMQEP*IIHW *PEZSV1EWOMRK)RLERGIQIRX 'LIQMGEP-RXIVQIHMEXI ® §%7MQTPI%QMRS%GMH [MXL'SQTPI\*YRGXMSREPMX] Glycine, also known as aminoacetic acid, is the simplest amino acid. Found naturally in many foods, glycine is also synthesized in the human body, where, among other functions, it helps improve glycogen storage, is utilized in the synthesis of hemoglobin, collagen, and glutathione, and facilitates the amelioration of high blood fat and uric acid levels. In addition to the important metabolic functions glycine &YJJIVMRKT,7XEFMPM^EXMSR performs, this versatile substance is widely used in With acidic and basic properties in the same molecule, a range of applications, such as flavor enhancers and glycine acts to buffer or stabilize the pH of those maskers, pH buffers and stabilizers, ingredients in phar- systems containing it. Many of the uses for glycine maceutical products, and as a chemical intermediate. depend on this ability. Glycine’s efficiency in stabilizing pH has resulted in %X,SQIMRE,SWXSJ%TTPMGEXMSRW its wide usage as a buffering agent in many pharma- ceutical products. Antacid and analgesic products are often formulated with glycine to stabilize the acidity *PEZSV1EWOMRK*PEZSV)RLERGIQIRX of the digestive tract and prevent hyperacidity. Glycine Glycine has a refreshingly sweet taste, and is one and a has been shown to promote the gastric absorption of half times as sweet as sugar. In addition to its sweetness, certain drugs, including aspirin. glycine also has the ability to mellow saltiness and bit- terness. The bitter after-taste of saccharin, for example, When formulated in an aluminum-zirconium is masked by glycine. Carbonated soft drinks and flavor tetrachlorohydrex complex, glycine buffers the high concentrates based on saccharin may contain up to 0.2 acidity of active ingredients in antiperspirants. -
Toluene Toxicity
Case Studies in Environmental Medicine Course: SS3061 Date: February 2001 Original Date: August 1993 Expiration Date: February 28, 2007 TOLUENE TOXICITY Environmental Alert Use of toluene is increasing, in part because of its popularity as a solvent replacement for benzene. Gasoline contains 5% to 7% toluene by weight, making toluene a common airborne contaminant in industrialized countries. Many organic solvents have great addictive potential; toluene is the most commonly abused hydrocarbon solvent, primarily through “glue sniffing.” This monograph is one in a series of self- instructional publications designed to increase the primary care provider’s knowledge of hazardous substances in the environment and to aid in the evaluation of potentially exposed patients. This course is also available on the ATSDR Web site, www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/. See page 3 for more information about continuing medical education credits, continuing nursing education units, and continuing education units. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine Toluene Toxicity Table of Contents ATSDR/DHEP Authors: Kim Gehle, MD, MPH; Felicia Pharagood-Wade, MD; Darlene Case Study ......................................................................................... 5 Johnson, RN, BSN, MA; Lourdes Who’s At Risk .................................................................................... 5 Rosales-Guevara, MD ATSDR/DHEP Revision Planners: Exposure Pathways ........................................................................... -
Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents
Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents A Handbook for Mental Health Clinicians Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents A Handbook for Mental Health Clinicians George M. Kapalka Associate Professor, Monmouth University West Long Branch, NJ and Director, Center for Behavior Modifi cation Brick, NJ AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively, visit the Science and Technology Books website at www.elsevierdirect.com/rights for further information Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material