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Hypericaceae Key, Charts & Traits
Hypericaceae (St. Johnswort Family) Traits, Keys, & Comparison Charts © Susan J. Meades, Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador (Aug. 8, 2020) Hypericaceae Traits ........................................................................................................................ 1 Hypericaceae Key ........................................................................................................................... 2 Comparison Charts (3) ................................................................................................................... 4 References ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Hypericaceae Traits • Perennial herbs (in our area). • Stems are erect (lax in plants growing in flooded habitats) and glabrous; terete (round), or square in cross-section; internodes of terete stems with or without 2 low, vertical ridges along their length. • Leaves are cauline, opposite, and usually sessile; blades are simple, linear to ovate, with mostly entire margins; apices are obtuse to rounded; stipules are absent. • Pellucid glands with essential oils appear as translucent dots on the leaves (visible when leaves are held up to the light). • Dark red to blackish glands (with essential oils like hypericin) appear as slender streaks or tiny dots along the leaf, sepal, or petal margins of some species. • Flowers are solitary or 2–40 in terminal and often axillary simple to compound cymes, rarely in panicles. • Flowers are bisexual -
Hypericaceae) Heritiana S
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 5-19-2017 Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae) Heritiana S. Ranarivelo University of Missouri-St.Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Ranarivelo, Heritiana S., "Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae)" (2017). Dissertations. 690. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/690 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae) Heritiana S. Ranarivelo MS, Biology, San Francisco State University, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology with an emphasis in Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics August 2017 Advisory Committee Peter F. Stevens, Ph.D. Chairperson Peter C. Hoch, Ph.D. Elizabeth A. Kellogg, PhD Brad R. Ruhfel, PhD Copyright, Heritiana S. Ranarivelo, 2017 1 ABSTRACT Psorospermum belongs to the tribe Vismieae (Hypericaceae). Morphologically, Psorospermum is very similar to Harungana, which also belongs to Vismieae along with another genus, Vismia. Interestingly, Harungana occurs in both Madagascar and mainland Africa, as does Psorospermum; Vismia occurs in both Africa and the New World. However, the phylogeny of the tribe and the relationship between the three genera are uncertain. -
Variability of Hypericins and Hyperforin in Hypericum Species from the Sicilian Flora
Chemistry & Biodiversity, Volume17, Issue1, January 2020, e1900596 Variability of Hypericins and Hyperforin in Hypericum Species from the Sicilian Flora Silvia Lazzara, Alessandra Carrubba, Edoardo Napoli Abstract Within Sicilian flora, the genus Hypericum (Guttiferae) includes 10 native species, the most popular of which is H. perforatum. Hypericum’s most investigated active compounds belong to naphtodianthrones (hypericin, pseudohypericin) and phloroglucinols (hyperforin, adhyperforin), and the commercial value of the drug is graded according to its total hypericin content. Ethnobotanical sources attribute the therapeutic properties recognized for H. perforatum, also to other Hypericum species. However, their smaller distribution inside the territory suggests that an industrial use of such species, when collected from the wild, would result in an unacceptable depletion of their natural stands. This study investigated about the potential pharmacological properties of 48 accessions from six native species of Hypericum, including H. perforatum and five ‘minor’ species, also comparing, when possible, wild and cultivated sources. The variability in the content of active metabolites was remarkably high, and the differences within the species were often comparable to the differences among species. No difference was enlightened between wild and cultivated plants. A carefully planned cultivation of Hypericum seems the best option to achieve high and steady biomass yields, but there is a need for phytochemical studies, aimed to identify for multiplication the genotypes with the highest content of the active metabolites. Introduction According to the available literature, 10 Hypericum species have been identified in Sicily: H. aegypticum L., H. androsaemum L., H. australe TEN., H. hircinum L., H. perfoliatum L., H. perforatum L., H. pubescens BOISS., H. -
Weed Free Forage and Mulch PROGRESS! Bobbi Simpson, National Park Service 4500 List Cont
Weed Free Forage and Mulch PROGRESS! Bobbi Simpson, National Park Service 4500 List cont. 4500 list cont. Fed Noxious Weed List Acacia paradoxa Hypericum perforatum Digitaria velutina Acaena anserinifolia Isatis tinctoria Drymaria arenariodes Acaena novae-zelandiae Lagarosiphon major Emex australis Acaena pallida Lepidium latifolium Emex spinosa Achnatherum brachychaetum Limnobium spongia Euphorbia terracina BACKGROUND Acroptilon repens Limnophila indica Galega officinalis Aegilops cylindrica Limnophila sessiliflora Heracleum mantegazzianum The only difference between the Can you get WFF certified to NAISMA standards? Aegilops ovata Linaria genistifolia ssp. Dalmatica Imperata brasiliensis An extraordinarily high proportion of California is still largely or completely free of invasive non-native (noxious) NAISMA and standard California WFF Aegilops triuncialis Ludwigia peruviana Imperata cylindrica weeds. The most effective, economical, and ecologically sound method of managing invasive plants is to prevent inspection protocol is the inspection for Aeschynomene rudis Lythrum salicaria Inula britannica Yes! As time goes on and more forage is certified to the standards of the North American Invasive Species Management their invasion in the first place. Resources can be spent most efficiently on proactive activities that focus on the additional species found on the Alhagi maurorum Muhlenbergia schreberi Ischaemum rugosum Association (NAISMA) , you will see more “signature” yellow and purple NAISMA standard twine on certified bales. This will stopping the movement of plant seeds and other reproductive parts to new areas. NAISMA list and the requirement that indicate that the bales have been inspected for weeds listed in the California Voluntary Weed-Free Forage Inspection Protocol Ailanthus altissima Myosoton aquatic Leptochloa chinensis as well as the weeds listed on the North American Designated Noxious Weed list. -
Hypericum Gentianoides (L.) BSP Gentian-Leaved St. John's-Wort
Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P. gentian-leavedgentian-leaved St. John’s-wortSt. John’s-wort, Page 1 State Distribution Photo by Susan R. Crispin Best Survey Period Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Status: State special concern of the occurrences distributed in Wayne, Monroe, Van Buren, and St. Clair counties. Global and state rank: G5/S3 Recognition: H. gentianoides is an annual species Other common names: orange-grass, orange-grass St. ranging from 1-2 dm in height or more, with an erect, John’s-wort central stem that terminates in a number of slender, strongly ascending branches. When crushed, the plant Family: Clusiaceae (St. John’s-wort family); also produces a faint, citrus-like fragrance (which has known as the Guttiferae, and sometimes placed in the also been described as a peach-like odor), as indicated separate family Hypericaceae, similarly long known as by some of the common names for this species. The the St. John’s-wort family. tiny, linear leaves, which are opposite and appressed (oriented to be parallel with the stem), are highly Synonym: Sarothra gentianoides L. reduced, scale-like, and less than 3 mm long. The yellow, five-parted flowers, which areusually solitary Taxonomy: Long treated as a separate family, the in the upper leaf axils, are less than 3 mm broad, Hypericaceae is now combined with the Clusiaceae have 3 styles, and bear fewer than 100 stamens. The (Guttiferae) by most recent treatments “stick-like” appearance of this St. John’s-wort, including the minute, linear leaves, makes it unlikely that this Range: Primarily occurring in eastern North America, will be confused with another species. -
Vascular Plants of Santa Cruz County, California
ANNOTATED CHECKLIST of the VASCULAR PLANTS of SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SECOND EDITION Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland & Maps by Ben Pease CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY CHAPTER Copyright © 2013 by Dylan Neubauer All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the author. Design & Production by Dylan Neubauer Artwork by Tim Hyland Maps by Ben Pease, Pease Press Cartography (peasepress.com) Cover photos (Eschscholzia californica & Big Willow Gulch, Swanton) by Dylan Neubauer California Native Plant Society Santa Cruz County Chapter P.O. Box 1622 Santa Cruz, CA 95061 To order, please go to www.cruzcps.org For other correspondence, write to Dylan Neubauer [email protected] ISBN: 978-0-615-85493-9 Printed on recycled paper by Community Printers, Santa Cruz, CA For Tim Forsell, who appreciates the tiny ones ... Nobody sees a flower, really— it is so small— we haven’t time, and to see takes time, like to have a friend takes time. —GEORGIA O’KEEFFE CONTENTS ~ u Acknowledgments / 1 u Santa Cruz County Map / 2–3 u Introduction / 4 u Checklist Conventions / 8 u Floristic Regions Map / 12 u Checklist Format, Checklist Symbols, & Region Codes / 13 u Checklist Lycophytes / 14 Ferns / 14 Gymnosperms / 15 Nymphaeales / 16 Magnoliids / 16 Ceratophyllales / 16 Eudicots / 16 Monocots / 61 u Appendices 1. Listed Taxa / 76 2. Endemic Taxa / 78 3. Taxa Extirpated in County / 79 4. Taxa Not Currently Recognized / 80 5. Undescribed Taxa / 82 6. Most Invasive Non-native Taxa / 83 7. Rejected Taxa / 84 8. Notes / 86 u References / 152 u Index to Families & Genera / 154 u Floristic Regions Map with USGS Quad Overlay / 166 “True science teaches, above all, to doubt and be ignorant.” —MIGUEL DE UNAMUNO 1 ~ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ~ ANY THANKS TO THE GENEROUS DONORS without whom this publication would not M have been possible—and to the numerous individuals, organizations, insti- tutions, and agencies that so willingly gave of their time and expertise. -
Best Practice Management Guide 7 BEST PRACTICE MANAGEMENT GUIDE for ENVIRONMENTAL WEEDS
best practice management guide 7 BEST PRACTICE MANAGEMENT GUIDE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL WEEDS ISSN 1442-7192 St Johns wort, Hypericum perforatum Taxonomy and status Description Botanical name: Hypericum perforatum L. - Habit/lifeform: St Johns wort is a perennial Family Clusiaceae (previously Guttiferae or herb with two growth stages - in autumn and Hypericaceae). winter as a flat low rosette, diameter 10-60 cm, with spindly non-flowering stems and a dense Standard common name: St Johns wort. mat of leaves, and in spring and summer as an Aculus hyperici mite, a biocontrol Relationship to other species in Australia: erect twiggy form which produces one or more agent. There are two indigenous native species of woody flowering or non-flowering stems, 30- Photo: CSIRO. Hypericum which may co-occur with St Johns wort 120 cm high. and with which it could be confused. Both Description: Mature plants have a central indigenous species may be distinguished by the woody crown. In late autumn, winter and absence of black gland dots on the petals and early spring, horizontal, pale green or reddish leaves, the presence of 4 longitudinal ridges on the stems with bright green, elongate leaves grow stem (young stems of St Johns wort are 2-ridged) from the crown to form a rosette. One to many and by the stamens not being fused into bundles. upright flowering stems are produced from this Hypericum gramineum, small St Johns wort, is an crown in spring. Clusters of bright yellow indigenous species usually smaller (10-430 cm flowers (1-2 cm in diameter, with 5 petals and high) than St Johns wort which can be black glands on the margins) develop in distinguished by its petals being less than 8 mm summer (Figure 1). -
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation of Hypericum Perforatum L. Through Indirect and Direct Plant Regeneration
Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products (2017) 1: 81-89 Original Article In vitro shoot Proliferation of Hypericum perforatum L. through Indirect and Direct Plant Regeneration Manizhe Abdollahpoor1*, Siamak Kalantari1, Majid Azizi2 and Yusef Ali Saadat3 1Department of Horticultural Science, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran. 2Department of Horticultural Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 3Central Agriculture and Natural Resource of Fars Province, Shiraz, Iran. Article History: Received: 04 December 2016 /Accepted in revised form: 15 March 2017 © 2013 Iranian Society of Medicinal Plants. All rights reserve Abstract Hypericum perforatum L. (St. Johns’ wort) is the most commercially important species of the genus Hypericum and contains a wide range of components including naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinols, tannins, xanthones, phenolic acids and essential oil. In order to establish an efficient protocol for regeneration, the effects of explant type and plant growth regulators on direct and indirect shoot regeneration in H. perforatum were evaluated. According to obtained results the media supplemented with 0.1 mg l-1 Benzyl Adenine (BA) was effective for shoot proliferation from shoot tip explants of H. perforatum that showed the highest shoots number (15.5 shoots per explant) and shoot height (2.07 cm). In second experiment a method for rapid micro propagation of H. perforatum through indirect plant regeneration from calli has been developed. The results demonstrated that a combination of auxin and cytokinin was needed for optimum callus induction and leaf segments were suitable explant for callus induction in H. perforatum. Callus induction was observed in most studied treatments but the highest callus volume (1.43 cm3) was obtained by leaf segments in media supplemented with 0.25 mg l-1 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)+1 mg l-1 Kinetin. -
Fumigant Toxicity of Essential Oil of Hypericum Perforatum L., 1753
Türk. entomol. derg., 2020, 44 (2): 237-248 ISSN 1010-6960 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16970/entoted.656071 E-ISSN 2536-491X Original article (Orijinal araştırma) Fumigant toxicity of essential oil of Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) to Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) esansiyel yağının Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)’a karşı fumigant toksisitesi Hatice BAŞ1* Doğan Erhan ERSOY2 Abstract In this study, vapor of essential oil obtained by the hydrodistillation of Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) was tested on the different stages of Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The larvae, pupae and adult stages of T. molitor were exposed to different doses of H. perforatum essential oil for 24 h. After exposure, mortality rate, LC50, LC90 and LC99 values, antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the insects. Tenebrio molitor was cultured at Gazi University Department of biology and all analyses were done in Yozgat bozok University in 2017 and 2018. The results indicated that the pupae of T. molitor were the most tolerant and adults were the most sensitive. Mortality increased with the increasing concentration of essential oil. Also, increasing doses of essential oil caused decreasing in SOD, CAT, GST GPx and AChE activities and increasing in MDA level. These results indicate that essential oil of H. perforatum can be used against T. molitor in a pest control program. Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, GC-MS, Hypericum, insecticidal activity, meal worm, pesticide Öz Bu çalışmada, Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) distilasyonundan elde edilen uçucu yağın, Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)’ün farklı gelişme dönemleri üzerindeki etkisi test edilmiştir. -
(GISD) 2021. Species Profile Hypericum Perforatum. Avail
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Hypericum perforatum Hypericum perforatum System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Theales Clusiaceae Common name Johannesblöda (English, Sweden), castellas (English, South America, Spain), hierba de San Juan (English, South America, Spain), klamathweed (English, USA, UK), corazoncillo (English, South America, Spain), common St Johnswort (English, USA, UK), common St. John's wort (English, USA, UK), herbe De Saint-Jean (English, France), racecourse weed (English, Australia), perforate St. John's wort (English, USA, UK), goatweed (English, USA, UK), Hartheu (English, Germany), lulemaji (English, Albania), St. John's wort (English, USA, UK), lulebasan (English, Albania), herbe de St. Jean (English, France), millepertuis perfore (English, France), lule gjaku (English, Albania), todabuena (English, South America, Spain), millepertuis (English, France), bassant (English, France), casse-diable (English, France), randpirk (English, Sweden), mansblod (English, Sweden), Gemeines Johanniskraut (English, Germany), amber (English, USA, UK), tipton weed (English, USA, UK), touch and heal (English, USA, UK), iperico (English, Italy), Johanneskruid (English), Echtes Johanniskraut (English, Germany), herb john (English, USA, UK), goatsbeard (English, USA, UK), St. John's grass (English, USA, UK), gammock (English, USA, UK), Blutkraut (English, Germany), penny john (English, USA, UK), Johanniskraut (English, Germany), rosin rose (English, USA, UK), hipérico (English, South America, Spain), -
Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R
Eastern Kentucky University Encompass Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research Biological Sciences January 2011 Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R. Ruhfel Eastern Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch Part of the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ruhfel, Brad R., "Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales)" (2011). Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research. Paper 3. http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch/3 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at Encompass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research by an authorized administrator of Encompass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HARVARD UNIVERSITY Graduate School of Arts and Sciences DISSERTATION ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE The undersigned, appointed by the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology have examined a dissertation entitled Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) presented by Brad R. Ruhfel candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and hereby certify that it is worthy of acceptance. Signature Typed name: Prof. Charles C. Davis Signature ( ^^^M^ *-^£<& Typed name: Profy^ndrew I^4*ooll Signature / / l^'^ i •*" Typed name: Signature Typed name Signature ^ft/V ^VC^L • Typed name: Prof. Peter Sfe^cnS* Date: 29 April 2011 Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) A dissertation presented by Brad R. Ruhfel to The Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2011 UMI Number: 3462126 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
Technical Report Series No. 287 Advisory List of Environmental Weeds in Victoria
Advisory list of environmental weeds in Victoria M. White, D. Cheal, G.W. Carr, R. Adair, K. Blood and D. Meagher April 2018 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series No. 287 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning PO Box 137 Heidelberg, Victoria 3084 Phone (03) 9450 8600 Website: www.ari.vic.gov.au Citation: White, M., Cheal, D., Carr, G. W., Adair, R., Blood, K. and Meagher, D. (2018). Advisory list of environmental weeds in Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series No. 287. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Heidelberg, Victoria. Front cover photo: Ixia species such as I. maculata (Yellow Ixia) have escaped from gardens and are spreading in natural areas. (Photo: Kate Blood) © The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia licence. You are free to re-use the work under that licence, on the condition that you credit the State of Victoria as author. The licence does not apply to any images, photographs or branding, including the Victorian Coat of Arms, the Victorian Government logo, the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning logo and the Arthur Rylah Institute logo. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Printed by Melbourne Polytechnic, Preston Victoria ISSN 1835-3827 (print) ISSN 1835-3835 (pdf)) ISBN 978-1-76077-000-6 (print) ISBN 978-1-76077-001-3 (pdf/online) Disclaimer This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.