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Community Resilience to Climate Change: Theory, Research and Practice COMMUNITY RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE THEORY, RESEARCH & PRACTICE Dana Hellman & Vivek Shandas [Decorative cover image] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license except where otherwise noted. Copyright © 2020 Dana Hellman and Vivek Shandas Accessibility Statement PDXScholar supports the creation, use, and remixing of open educational resources (OER). Portland State University (PSU) Library acknowledges that many open educational resources are not created with accessibility in mind, which creates barriers to teaching and learning. PDXScholar is actively committed to increasing the accessibility and usability of the works we produce and/or host. We welcome feedback about accessibility issues our users encounter so that we can work to mitigate them. Please email us with your questions and comments at [email protected] “Accessibility Statement” is a derivative of Accessibility Statement by BCcampus, and is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Community Resilience to Climate Change: Theory, Research and Practice Community Resilience to Climate Change: Theory, Research and Practice meets the criteria outlined below, which is a set of criteria adapted from BCCampus’ Checklist for Accessibility, licensed under CC BY 4.0. The OER guide contains the following accessibility and usability features: File Formats • The entire OER guide is only available as a PDF. The PDF is available for free download at Portland State University’s institutional repository, PDXScholar. • Editable Microsoft Word files of each individual section are also available for download, and include student exercises, classroom activities, readings, and alternative selections. Organization of content • Organization of content is outlined in a Table of Contents. Images ● All non-decorative images contain alternative text descriptions of the image’s content or function. ● Images do not rely on color to convey meaning. ● Graphs, charts, and maps include alternative text. Font Size and formatting ● No known repeated characters or excessive spaces. Known Issues/Potential barriers to accessibility ● Nested heading structures are not correctly or consistently used throughout the document. Please refer to the Table of Contents for organization of content. ● Tables have been converted to images and therefore do not contain selectable text. Alternative text is used to summarize the table, but does not capture all of the data in the table. ● Font size is 9 point for body text. To increase the display size, use the “zoom in” function when viewing the PDF. ● Descriptive link text is not used consistently. Many hyperlinks are spelled out in full. ● Many of the charts and graphs in the full-text reproductions of articles rely on color to convey meaning. If you have trouble accessing this material, please let us know at [email protected]. This accessibility statement has been adopted and adapted from Accessibility Statement and Appendix A: Checklist for Accessibility found in Accessibility Toolkit - 2nd Edition by BCcampus, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Accessibility Statement is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. AUTHORS’ NOTE This reader is an Open Educational Resource, meant to accompany a graduate or higher- level undergraduate university course in climate change resilience, adaptation, and/or planning. While the material is geared toward students in urban and regional planning, it may also be of interest to students of urban studies, public health, geography, political science, sociology, risk management, and others. Each section of this volume includes (1) an introductory summary, (2) a reading list with full text articles*, (3) student exercises meant to enhance understanding and facilitate in-class discussion, and (4) additional discussion prompts or activities for instructors to use in class. The format of materials is intended to convey key concepts, while leaving ample space for student exploration, discourse, and creativity. Lessons may culminate in an applied, imaginative final project, a sample framework of which is provided at the end of Section VI. *For your convenience, this reader includes full-text reproductions of articles which are available through an open access, creative commons license. Other relevant materials are included on the reading list under “Alternative Selections” and may be obtained and incorporated into the course at the discretion of the instructor. Each reading list represents a broad sample of available material, and should not be taken as a concrete course plan; instructors are encouraged to rework the lineup, select only the most pertinent readings for a given course, and exclude list items as appropriate. TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I: INTRODUCTION & KEY CONCEPTS.......................................................................................................................................................1 Student Exercises & Classroom Activities.............................................................................................................................................................................................4 Reading List....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5 “Cities and climate change: The precedents and why they matter” (Hebbert & Jankovic).....................................................................................................6 “Resilience for whom? The problem structuring process of the resilience analysis” (Herrera)................................................................................................17 SECTION II: RESILIENCE IN THEORY.....................................................................................................................................................................31 Reading List.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................33 Student Exercises & Classroom Activities..........................................................................................................................................................................................34 “Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability” (Folke et al.)..............................................................................................35 “General resilience to cope with extreme events” (Carpenter et al.)..........................................................................................................................................42 “Focusing the meaning(s) of resilience: Resilience as a descriptive concept and a boundary object” (Brand & Jax)...................................................50 “Climate change resilience strategies for the building sector: Examining existing domains of resilience utilized by design professionals” (Rajkovic & Okour)......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................63 “Comparing conceptualizations of urban climate resilience in theory and practice” (Meerow & Stults).........................................................................74 SECTION III: IDENTIFYING & EVALUATING RESILIENCE......................................................................................................................................88 Reading List.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................90 Student Exercises & Classroom Activities..........................................................................................................................................................................................91 “Conceptualizing community resilience to natural hazards – the emBRACE framework” (Kruse et al.).........................................................................92 “Indicators for monitoring urban climate change resilience and adaptation” (Feldmeyer et al.)......................................................................................106 “Subjective measures of household resilience to climate variability and change: Insights from a nationally representative survey of Tanzania” (Jones et al.)...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................121 “Measuring household resilience to floods: A case study in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta” (Nguyen & James)..........................................136 “Assessing Vulnerability to Urban Heat: A Study of Disproportionate Heat Exposure and Access to Refuge by Socio-Demographic Status in Portland, OR” (Voelkel et al.).................................................................................................................................................................................................................149
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