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Crop Colonization by Pests and Specialist Enemies
insects Article Dispersal in Host–Parasitoid Interactions: Crop Colonization by Pests and Specialist Enemies Edward W. Evans Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +01-435-797-2552 Received: 7 September 2018; Accepted: 2 October 2018; Published: 5 October 2018 Abstract: Interactions of insect pests and their natural enemies increasingly are being considered from a metapopulation perspective, with focus on movements of individuals among habitat patches (e.g., individual crop fields). Biological control may be undercut in short-lived crops as natural enemies lag behind the pests in colonizing newly created habitat. This hypothesis was tested by assessing parasitism of cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus) and alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica) larvae at varying distances along transects into newly planted fields of small grains and alfalfa in northern Utah. The rate of parasitism of cereal leaf beetles and alfalfa weevils by their host-specific parasitoids (Tetrastichus julis (Eulophidae) and Bathyplectes curculionis (Ichneumonidae), respectively) was determined for earliest maturing first generation host larvae. Rates of parasitism did not vary significantly with increasing distance into a newly planted field (up to 250–700 m in individual experiments) from the nearest source field from which pest and parasitoid adults may have immigrated. These results indicate strong, rapid dispersal of the parasitoids in pursuing their prey into new habitat. Thus, across the fragmented agricultural landscape of northern Utah, neither the cereal leaf beetle nor the alfalfa weevil initially gained substantial spatial refuge from parasitism by more strongly dispersing than their natural enemies into newly created habitat. -
The Sweet Tooth of Adult Parasitoid <I>Cotesia Rubecula</I>: Ignoring
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences Papers in the Biological Sciences 7-2004 The Sweet Tooth of Adult Parasitoid Cotesia rubecula: Ignoring Hosts for Nectar? Gitta Siekmann Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Germany, [email protected] Michael A. Keller University of Adelaide, Australia, [email protected] Brigitte Tenhumberg University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub Part of the Life Sciences Commons Siekmann, Gitta; Keller, Michael A.; and Tenhumberg, Brigitte, "The Sweet Tooth of Adult Parasitoid Cotesia rubecula: Ignoring Hosts for Nectar?" (2004). Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences. 122. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub/122 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Journal of Insect Behavior 17:4 (July 2004), pp. 459–476. Copyright © 2004 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. Used by permission. Accepted April 19, 2003; revised March 30, 2004. The Sweet Tooth of Adult Parasitoid Cotesia rubecula: Ignoring Hosts for Nectar? Gitta Siekmann, Michael A. Keller, and Brigitte Tenhumberg Department of Applied and Molecular Ecology, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus Private Bag 1, SA 5064 Glen Osmond, Australia Corresponding author — G. Siekmann. Present address: Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Messeweg 11-12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; email [email protected] Abstract Investing time and energy into survival and reproduction often presents a trade-off to many species of animals. -
Report-VIC-Croajingolong National Park-Appendix A
Croajingolong National Park, Victoria, 2016 Appendix A: Fauna species lists Family Species Common name Mammals Acrobatidae Acrobates pygmaeus Feathertail Glider Balaenopteriae Megaptera novaeangliae # ~ Humpback Whale Burramyidae Cercartetus nanus ~ Eastern Pygmy Possum Canidae Vulpes vulpes ^ Fox Cervidae Cervus unicolor ^ Sambar Deer Dasyuridae Antechinus agilis Agile Antechinus Dasyuridae Antechinus mimetes Dusky Antechinus Dasyuridae Sminthopsis leucopus White-footed Dunnart Felidae Felis catus ^ Cat Leporidae Oryctolagus cuniculus ^ Rabbit Macropodidae Macropus giganteus Eastern Grey Kangaroo Macropodidae Macropus rufogriseus Red Necked Wallaby Macropodidae Wallabia bicolor Swamp Wallaby Miniopteridae Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis ~ Eastern Bent-wing Bat Muridae Hydromys chrysogaster Water Rat Muridae Mus musculus ^ House Mouse Muridae Rattus fuscipes Bush Rat Muridae Rattus lutreolus Swamp Rat Otariidae Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus ~ Australian Fur-seal Otariidae Arctocephalus forsteri ~ New Zealand Fur Seal Peramelidae Isoodon obesulus Southern Brown Bandicoot Peramelidae Perameles nasuta Long-nosed Bandicoot Petauridae Petaurus australis Yellow Bellied Glider Petauridae Petaurus breviceps Sugar Glider Phalangeridae Trichosurus cunninghami Mountain Brushtail Possum Phalangeridae Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail Possum Phascolarctidae Phascolarctos cinereus Koala Potoroidae Potorous sp. # ~ Long-nosed or Long-footed Potoroo Pseudocheiridae Petauroides volans Greater Glider Pseudocheiridae Pseudocheirus peregrinus -
Cambodian Journal of Natural History
Cambodian Journal of Natural History Rediscovery of the Bokor horned frog Four more Cambodian bats How to monitor a marine reserve The need for community conservation areas Eleven new Masters of Science December 2013 Vol 2013 No. 2 Cambodian Journal of Natural History ISSN 2226–969X Editors Email: [email protected] • Dr Jenny C. Daltry, Senior Conservation Biologist, Fauna & Flora International. • Dr Neil M. Furey, Research Associate, Fauna & Flora International: Cambodia Programme. • Hang Chanthon, Former Vice-Rector, Royal University of Phnom Penh. • Dr Nicholas J. Souter, Project Manager, University Capacity Building Project, Fauna & Flora International: Cambodia Programme. International Editorial Board • Dr Stephen J. Browne, Fauna & Flora International, • Dr Sovanmoly Hul, Muséum National d’Histoire Singapore. Naturelle, Paris, France. • Dr Martin Fisher, Editor of Oryx—The International • Dr Andy L. Maxwell, World Wide Fund for Nature, Journal of Conservation, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Cambodia. • Dr L. Lee Grismer, La Sierra University, California, • Dr Jörg Menzel, University of Bonn, Germany. USA. • Dr Brad Pett itt , Murdoch University, Australia. • Dr Knud E. Heller, Nykøbing Falster Zoo, Denmark. • Dr Campbell O. Webb, Harvard University Herbaria, USA. Other peer reviewers for this volume • Dr Judith Eger, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, • Berry Mulligan, Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Canada. Penh, Cambodia. • Pisuth Ek-Amnuay, Siam Insect Zoo & Museum, • Prof. Dr. Annemarie Ohler, Muséum national Chiang Mai, Thailand. d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France. • Dr James Guest, University of New South Wales, • Dr Jodi Rowley, Australian Museum, Sydney, Sydney, Australia. Australia. • Dr Kristofer M. Helgen, Smithsonian Institute, • Dr Manuel Ruedi, Natural History Museum of Washington DC, USA. Geneva, Geneva, Switz erland. -
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of Pieris Brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), As Affected by Experience
WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY LABORATORY OF ENTOMOLOGY Host discrimination by Cotesia glomerata (L.) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of Pieris brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), as affected by experience No: 09.04 Name: Linda Heilmann Period: January 2004 – July 2004 Thesis: F050-707 1e Examinator: dr. ir. Joop A. van Loon 2e Examinator: dr. Nina E. Fatouros Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 1.1. Host discrimination and superparasitism ................................................................ 3 1.2. Host searching by Cotesia glomerata ..................................................................... 5 1.2.1. Host microhabitat location ....................................................................... 5 1.2.2. Host location and host acceptance ............................................................ 7 1.3. Learning ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3.1. Learning in parasitoid wasps .................................................................... 7 1.3.2. Completeness of the information .............................................................10 1.3.3. Order of the information.........................................................................11 1.4. Previous research...............................................................................................11 2. Research questions .........................................................................................................12 -
Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Reared from Hypercompe Cunigunda (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 64(1):e201982, 2020 www.rbentomologia.com Diolcogaster choi sp. nov. from Brazil, a new gregarious microgastrine parasitoid wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reared from Hypercompe cunigunda (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Brazil Geraldo Salgado-Neto1* , Ísis Meri Medri2, José L. Fernández-Triana3, James Bryan Whitfield4 1Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Pós-graduação em Agronomia, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. 2Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Ecologia, Doutorado em Ecologia, Brasília, D F, Brasil. 3Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 4University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Entomology, Urbana, USA. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:28F860D2-5CDB-4D55-82BC-C41CFE1ADD0E ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: A new species of Diolcogaster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is described and illustrated. Additionally, its position Received 23 August 2019 within the recently published key to New World species of the xanthaspis species-group (to which the described Accepted 17 December 2019 Diolcogaster belongs) is provided. The gregarious larval parasitoid Diolcogaster choi sp. nov. was collected in Available online 17 February 2020 Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. This natural enemy was recovered from a caterpillar of Hypercompe cunigunda (Stoll, Associate Editor: Bernardo Santos 1781) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) that was feeding on plant of passionflower, Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae). The fauna of the xanthaspis group in the New World now includes five species, including the new species from Brazil described in this paper. Diolcogaster choi sp. nov. differs anatomically, and is morphologically diagnosed, Keywords: from all other known member of the xanthaspis group of the genus Diolcogaster, to which it belongs. The species Caterpillar also differs in recorded host, and its DNA barcode appears to be distinctive among described Diolcogaster. -
Conservation Biology of Tile Marsh Fritillary Butterfly Euphydryas a Urinia
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY OF TILE MARSH FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY EUPHYDRYAS A URINIA CAROLINE ROSE BULMAN Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Biology Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation September 2001 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Chris Thomas for his constant advice, support, inspiration and above all enthusiasm for this project. Robert Wilson has been especially helpful and I am very grateful for his assistance, in particular with the rPM. Alison Holt and Lucia Galvez Bravo made the many months of fieldwork both productive and enjoyable, for which I am very grateful. Thanks to Atte Moilanen for providing advice and software for the IFM, Otso Ovaskainen for calculating the metapopulation capacity and to Niklas Wahlberg and Ilkka Hanski for discussion. This work would have been impossible without the assistance of the following people andlor organisations: Butterfly Conservation (Martin Warren, Richard Fox, Paul Kirland, Nigel Bourn, Russel Hobson) and Branch volunteers (especially Bill Shreeve and BNM recorders), the Countryside Council for Wales (Adrian Fowles, David Wheeler, Justin Lyons, Andy Polkey, Les Colley, Karen Heppingstall), English Nature (David Sheppard, Dee Stephens, Frank Mawby, Judith Murray), Dartmoor National Park (Norman Baldock), Dorset \)Ji\thife Trust (Sharoii Pd'bot), )eNorI Cornwall Wildlife Trust, Somerset Wildlife Trust, the National Trust, Dorset Environmental Records Centre, Somerset Environmental Records Centre, Domino Joyce, Stephen Hartley, David Blakeley, Martin Lappage, David Hardy, David & Liz Woolley, David & Ruth Pritchard, and the many landowners who granted access permission. -
Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) Comb
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 63 (2019) 238–244 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE Entomologia A Journal on Insect Diversity and Evolution www.rbentomologia.com Systematics, Morphology and Biogeography First record of Cotesia scotti (Valerio and Whitfield, 2009) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) comb. nov. parasitising Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk, 1858) and Spodoptera eridania (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil a b a a Josiane Garcia de Freitas , Tamara Akemi Takahashi , Lara L. Figueiredo , Paulo M. Fernandes , c d e Luiza Figueiredo Camargo , Isabela Midori Watanabe , Luís Amilton Foerster , f g,∗ José Fernandez-Triana , Eduardo Mitio Shimbori a Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Agronomia, Setor de Entomologia, Programa de Pós-Graduac¸ ão em Agronomia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil b Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduac¸ ão em Agronomia – Produc¸ ão Vegetal, Curitiba, PR, Brazil c Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Programa de Pós-Graduac¸ ão em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, São Carlos, SP, Brazil d Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, São Carlos, SP, Brazil e Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil f Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada g Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: This is the first report of Cotesia scotti (Valerio and Whitfield) comb. nov. in Brazil, attacking larvae of the Received 3 December 2018 black armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides, and the southern armyworm, S. -
Biological Control of Gonipterus Platensis
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF GONIPTERUS PLATENSIS: CURRENT STATUS AND NEW POSSIBILITIES CARLOS MANUEL FERREIRA VALENTE ORIENTADORA: Doutora Manuela Rodrigues Branco Simões TESE ELABORADA PARA OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE DOUTOR EM ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS 2018 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF GONIPTERUS PLATENSIS: CURRENT STATUS AND NEW POSSIBILITIES CARLOS MANUEL FERREIRA VALENTE ORIENTADORA: Doutora Manuela Rodrigues Branco Simões TESE ELABORADA PARA OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE DOUTOR EM ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS JÚRI: Presidente: Doutora Maria Teresa Marques Ferreira Professora Catedrática Instituto Superior de Agronomia Universidade de Lisboa Vogais: Doutora Maria Rosa Santos de Paiva Professora Catedrática Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Doutora Manuela Rodrigues Branco Simões Professora Auxiliar com Agregação Instituto Superior de Agronomia Universidade de Lisboa; Doutor José Carlos Franco Santos Silva Professor Auxiliar Instituto Superior de Agronomia Universidade de Lisboa; Doutor Edmundo Manuel Rodrigues de Sousa Investigador Auxiliar Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária. 2018 À Susana e à Leonor i Em memória da minha Avó, Maria dos Anjos Valente (1927-2017) ii Agradecimentos Agradeço, em primeiro lugar, à Professora Manuela Branco, pelo apoio incansável na orientação desta tese, a total disponibilidade e os inúmeros ensinamentos. Ao RAIZ, pelo financiamento do doutoramento, e à sua Direção, em particular ao Engenheiro Serafim Tavares, ao Engenheiro José Nordeste, ao Professor Carlos Pascoal Neto, à Engenheira Leonor Guedes, ao Gabriel Dehon e ao Nuno Borralho, pelo voto de confiança e incentivo que sempre me transmitiram. Deixo um especial agradecimento à Catarina Gonçalves e à Catarina Afonso, pela amizade, por terem ajudado a manter os projetos do RAIZ e a biofábrica a funcionar, pelas horas infindáveis passadas no laboratório e pelos excelentes contributos científicos que muito melhoraram a qualidade desta tese. -
Venom Gland Extract Is Not Required for Successful Parasitism in the Polydnavirus-Associated Endoparasitoid Hyposoter Didymator (Hym
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 43 (2013) 292e307 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ibmb Venom gland extract is not required for successful parasitism in the polydnavirus-associated endoparasitoid Hyposoter didymator (Hym. Ichneumonidae) despite the presence of numerous novel and conserved venom proteins Tristan Dorémus a, Serge Urbach b, Véronique Jouan a, François Cousserans a, Marc Ravallec a, Edith Demettre b, Eric Wajnberg d, Julie Poulain c, Carole Azéma-Dossat c, Isabelle Darboux a, Jean-Michel Escoubas a, Dominique Colinet d, Jean-Luc Gatti d, Marylène Poirié d, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff a,* a INRA (UMR 1333), Université de Montpellier 2, “Insect-Microorganisms Diversity, Genomes and Interactions”, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France b “Functional Proteomics Platform” BioCampus Montpellier, CNRS UMS3426, INSERM US009, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, Université de Montpellier 1 et 2, 34094 Montpellier, France c Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), “Génoscope”, 2, rue Gaston-Crémieux, CP 5706, 91057 Evry, France d INRA (UMR 1355), CNRS (UMR 7254), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, “Institut Sophia Agrobiotech” (ISA), 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France article info abstract Article history: The venom gland is a conserved organ in Hymenoptera that shows adaptations associated with life-style Received 25 October 2012 diversification. Few studies have investigated venom components and function in the highly diverse Received in revised form parasitic wasps and all suggest that the venom regulates host physiology. We explored the venom of the 21 December 2012 endoparasitoid Hyposoter didymator (Campopleginae), a species with an associated polydnavirus pro- Accepted 21 December 2012 duced in the ovarian tissue. -
Tamarixia Radiata Behaviour Is Influenced by Volatiles from Both
insects Article Tamarixia radiata Behaviour is Influenced by Volatiles from Both Plants and Diaphorina citri Nymphs Yan-Mei Liu 1,2 , Shu-Hao Guo 1, Fei-Feng Wang 1, Li-He Zhang 2, Chang-Fei Guo 2, Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson 3, Bao-Li Qiu 1,2 and Wen Sang 1,2,* 1 Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; [email protected] (Y.-M.L.); [email protected] (S.-H.G.); wff[email protected] (F.-F.W.); [email protected] (B.-L.Q.) 2 Engineering Research Center of Biological control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510640, China; [email protected] (L.-H.Z.); [email protected] (C.-F.G.) 3 Independent Science Advisor, York YO41 1LZ, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-20-8528-3717 Received: 7 March 2019; Accepted: 13 May 2019; Published: 16 May 2019 Abstract: Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) is an important ectoparasitoid of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, a globally destructive pest of citrus. In the present study, a Y-tube olfactometer was employed to investigate whether the parasitoid T. radiata is capable of utilizing the odour source emitted by both plants and insect hosts during its foraging. The odour sources included Murraya paniculata (L.) shoots, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th D. citri instar nymphs, both individually and in combinations. Moreover, nymph-stage choice for parasitism, including 3rd, 4th, and 5th D. citri instar nymphs, was carried out. The results indicated that female T. radiata were only significantly attracted to volatiles emitted by M. -
Database of Irish Lepidoptera. 1 - Macrohabitats, Microsites and Traits of Noctuidae and Butterflies
Database of Irish Lepidoptera. 1 - Macrohabitats, microsites and traits of Noctuidae and butterflies Irish Wildlife Manuals No. 35 Database of Irish Lepidoptera. 1 - Macrohabitats, microsites and traits of Noctuidae and butterflies Ken G.M. Bond and Tom Gittings Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science University College Cork Citation: Bond, K.G.M. and Gittings, T. (2008) Database of Irish Lepidoptera. 1 - Macrohabitats, microsites and traits of Noctuidae and butterflies. Irish Wildlife Manual s, No. 35. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photo: Merveille du Jour ( Dichonia aprilina ) © Veronica French Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: F. Marnell & N. Kingston © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2008 ISSN 1393 – 6670 Database of Irish Lepidoptera ____________________________ CONTENTS CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................................1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................2 The concept of the database.....................................................................................................................2 The structure of the database...................................................................................................................2