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Pdf 12.39 MB За Права На Выбар. Партрэты Асуджаных ЗА ПРАВА НА ВЫБАР 1 Human Rights Center «Viasna» FOR RIGHT TO ELECT Portraits of Convicts Square-2010 Vilnius Publishing House «GUDAS» 2011 2 Праваабарончы цэнтр «Вясна» ЗА ПРАВА НА ВЫБАР Партрэты асуджаных Плошча-2010 Вільнюс Выдавецтва «GUDAS» 2011 3 За права на выбар: Партрэты асуджаных. Плошча-2010 / For Right to Elect: Portraits of Convicts. Square-2010/ Photo album. — Фотаальбом. — Вільнюс: «Gudas», 2011 — 142 с., 89 іл. Vilnius: “Gudas”, 2011 — 142 p., 89 il. Вынікам 2010-га года і чарговых выбараў Прэзідэнтам Рэспублікі Year 2010 and the election of Aliaksandr Lukashenka for the fourth Беларусь Аляксандра Лукашэнкі на чацвёрты тэрмін стала consecutive presidential term resulted in an incredible number of неверагодная дагэтуль наяўнасць у краіне палітвязняў — агулам political prisoners in the country — about 60 people. Why is this number каля 60-ці чалавек. Чаму гэтая лічба недакладная? Таму што imprecise? Because most of them were released, some even managed большасць з іх усё ж выйшлі на волю, некаторым нават удалося to avoid the criminal “mock trials”, while some others were still kept пазбегнуць крымінальнага «судзілішча», і за кратамі засталіся толькі in custody. The trials lasted for the whole of 2011 and concerned not самыя-самыя. Судовыя працэсы ішлі на працягу ўсяго 2011-га года only the Square. Among those punished there is Andrei Pachobut, і не толькі за Плошчу. Сярод пакараных — незалежны журналіст і актывіст апазіцыйнага Саюза палякаў на Беларусі Андрэй Пачобут, independent journalist and activist of opposition Union of Poles in прадстаўнікі анархісцкага моладзевага руху, праваабаронца Belarus, representatives of anarchist youth movement and human rights Алесь Бяляцкі. Да таго ж за кратамі працягвае знаходзіцца activist Ales Bialiatski. Entrepreneur Mikalai Autukhovich is still kept in прадпрымальнік Мікалай Аўтуховіч. jail, too. Маштабны наступ на грамадзянскую супольнасць краіны і масавая A large-scale attack on the country’s civil society and a massive зачыстка пачалася менавіта 19 снежня — сілавым разгонам мірнай cleanup began exactly on 19 December — with a violent dispersal of пратэстнай акцыі. Людзей не толькі напалохалі, збілі, пасадзілі the peaceful protest rally. People were not only intimidated, beaten, на суткі ці аштрафавалі. Па абвінавачванні ў арганізацыі і ўдзеле imprisoned or fined. Six out of ten candidates for President of Belarus, ў масавых беспарадках за кратамі апынуліся шасцёра з дзесяці their electioneering agents, heads of their electoral headquarters, кандыдатаў у прэзідэнты Беларусі, а таксама іх давераныя асобы і activists and adherents of democratic development of the country were кіраўнікі штабоў, актывісты і прыхільнікі дэмакратычнага сцэнару imprisoned on charges of organizing and participating in a mass riot. The развіцця краіны. Закруцілася чорнае кола помсты. black wheel of vengeance started spinning. У кнізе змешчаны фотапартрэты фігурантаў Плошчы-2010, якія The book features photographs of the participants of Square-2010 who пасля 19 снежня трапілі пад крымінальны пераслед. Гэта трагічная were subject to criminal prosecution after 19 December. This is a tragic старонка гісторыі нашай краіны ў асобах, за кожным з кадраў — chapter in the history of our country shown in faces. There is a concrete канкрэтны лёс, выпрабаванне і… перамога. Але, на жаль, не адна на ўсіх. fate, challenge and... victory behind every shot. But, alas, this is not one victory for all. У альбоме выкарыстаны здымкі фотажурналістаў Уладзя Грыдзіна, Юліі Дарашкевіч, Сяргея Балая, Вадзіма Заміроўскага, Ксеніі Photos by photo correspondents Uladz Hrydzin, Yuliya Darashkevich, Авімавай, Алеся Пілецкага, Сяргея Гудзіліна, Леаніда Варламава, Siarhei Balai, Vadzim Zamirouski, Kseniya Avimava, Ales Piletski, Siarhei Аляксандра Карсакова, а таксама інтэрнэт-рэсурса Hudzilin, Leonid Varlamov, Alexander Korsakov and from the web photo.bymedia.net. resource photo.bymedia.net were used in the album. Для шырокага кола чытачоў. The book is designed for a wide range of readers. 4 5 Плошча–2010 The Square 2010 енавіта пад такой назвай драматычныя падзеі на плошчы he Square 2010. It is under this name that the dramatic events that Незалежнасці 19 снежня 2010 года ўжо ўвайшлі ў гісторыю. happened on Independence Square in Minsk last December have МАле не адышлі ў мінулае. Не адбалелі, не забыліся, Talready entered history. But they have not yet become past, as the не сцішыліся. Яны застаюцца жывой, пульсуючай з’явай сучаснасці, pain is not yet over, the memories are still alive and refusing to quiet down. якая ўплывае на стан грамадства, на лёсы людзей і лёс краіны. These events remain a live, pulsing part of the present, influencing our society, fates of people and the destiny of our country. На заснежанай, марознай плошчы сышліся ўсе асноватворныя, але ўнутрана неаднародныя, нашпігаваныя дынамітам непрымірымых The snowy, frozen square witnessed a collision of all those fundamental, супярэчнасцей, працэсы сацыяльна-эканамічнага і палітычнага controversial, packed with irreconcilable contradictions processes that развіцця Беларусі ад пачатку 1990-х. Ад перабудовы, ад распаду shaped the social, economic and political evolution of Belarus since the Савецкай імперыі, і на гэтым тле — набыцця Беларуссю незалежнасці, beginning of the 1990s. Having originated from perestroika, the stream дзяржаўнага суверэнітэту ў цесным звязку са спробамі дэмантажу of Belarus’ newest history ebbed and flowed through the collapse таталітарнай палітычнай сістэмы і заменай яе сістэмай дэмакратычнай. of the Soviet empire, the emergence of the country’s independence and efforts to dismantle the totalitarian political system and replace it with Не атрымалася. Суверэнітэт здабылі. Дэмакратызацыю ж спынілі democracy. рэакцыйныя сілы здавалася зрынутай савецкай бюракратыі, каб на сколку былой таталітарнай сістэмы ўтварыць яе лакальны The latter was not to be. We gained independence. But the democracy варыянт — так званую «вертыкаль». Прычым не ў брэжнеўскім, was stopped by reactionary forces of the once dethroned bureaucracy, адносна мяккім яе варыянце, а з рэанімацыяй элементаў сталінскай who managed to restore, on the ruins of the old totalitarian system, its канструкцыі. local version — the so called “vertical.” Notably, this new restored version Уладныя структуры інстынктам самазахавання зразумелі ўсю resembled not so much the mild, Brezhnev era, model as it absorbed the небяспечную для іх існавання хісткасць сітуацыі, рост градуса elements of the more brutal, Stalinist construction. незадавальнення ў грамадстве пры аслабленні градуса страха. Guided by the instinct of self preservation, the governing bureaucracy Хапіла літаральна пару месяцаў лёгкага аслаблення аўтарытарных quickly understood the dangers that the rapidly destabilizing situation of the абцугоў, каб дух свабоды адціснуў дух страху на ўзбочыну late 2010 posed to them. They sensed the rising degree of dissatisfaction, грамадскай свядомасці. Хапіла выступаў альтэрнатыўных кандыдатаў and the falling degree of fear. у наўпроставым эфіры, каб у прапагандысцкай завесе ілжы з’явіліся Only two month of just slight loosening of the authoritarian chains that the непапраўныя прарэхі. regime allowed in the run up to the elections, was all it took for the spirit Пацвярджэнне таму знойдзем у выказваннях А. Лукашэнкі. of freedom to break through the spirit of fear to the side of the popular Да выбараў: «Патрываем яшчэ два тыдні». «Плошчы не будзе». І адразу mindset. The few and short speeches of independent candidates that were пасля выбараў, пасля разгону плошчы: «Вы, як і я, адчулі, што мы такую allowed on the state owned TV and radio were enough to blow wholes дэмакратыю тут развялі, што далей няма куды». in the screen of non-stop propagandist lies. Для рэжыму была відавочнай задача не дапусціць любымі сродкамі We see the evidence of this in Lukashenka’s own statements. Before масавых мітынгаў і дэманстрацый, не дапусціць паўтору Плошчы–2006. elections: “We must hold on just two more weeks.” “There will not Адсюль, здавалася б, знешне ніяк нематываваныя размах be a Square.” And immediately thereafter, following the brutal crack down: і брутальнасць разгрому мірнага мітынгу на плошчы Незалежнасці. “You, just like me, could sense that we had allowed such a democracy here Адсюль і элементы правакавання прысутных да штурму Дома ўрада. that there was no way to continue.” Паказальны ў гэтым кантэксце эпізод, калі амапаўцы атрымалі загад адысці ад дзвярэй урадавага будынку. Хаця дастаткова было To the regime, the need to avoid mass protests and a repeat of the загадзя выставіць па дзясятку звычайных міліцыянтаў у параднай Square-2006, by any means, was self evident. That explains the apparently форме ля кожнага з уваходаў, і ніхто б з прысутных на плошчы нават inexplicable scale and brutality of the suppression of the meeting and the не наблізіўся б да дзвярэй. tactics of provoking the participants to start a storm of the government headquarters. A telling episode in this context is the moment when the Але ўладам — класіка жанру аўтарытарных і таталітарных рэжымаў — special police received the order to retreat to the entrance to the building. патрабаваўся факт для абгрунтавання сілавога разгону мітынгу ў адказ Just a dozen of ordinary policemen would be more than enough to preempt быццам бы на «спробу дзяржаўнага перавароту». Факт таго самага even a slightest move towards the headquarters by any demonstrator. 6 7 «падпалу рэйхстага», аб чым і запытаўся ў А. Лукашэнкі на прэсавай But, in a classical
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