Met Office Unified Model Tropical Cyclone Performance Following Major Changes to the Initialization Scheme and a Model Upgrade
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Chapter 7. Building a Safe and Comfortable Society
Section 1 Realizing a Universal Society Building a Safe and Comfortable Chapter 7 Society Section 1 Realizing a Universal Society 1 Realizing Accessibility through a Universal Design Concept The “Act on Promotion of Smooth Transportation, etc. of Elderly Persons, Disabled Persons, etc.” embodies the universal design concept of “freedom and convenience for anywhere and anyone”, making it mandatory to comply with “Accessibility Standards” when newly establishing various facilities (passenger facilities, various vehicles, roads, off- street parking facilities, city parks, buildings, etc.), mandatory best effort for existing facilities as well as defining a development target for the end of FY2020 under the “Basic Policy on Accessibility” to promote accessibility. Also, in accordance with the local accessibility plan created by municipalities, focused and integrated promotion of accessibility is carried out in priority development district; to increase “caring for accessibility”, by deepening the national public’s understanding and seek cooperation for the promotion of accessibility, “accessibility workshops” are hosted in which you learn to assist as well as virtually experience being elderly, disabled, etc.; these efforts serve to accelerate II accessibility measures (sustained development in stages). Chapter 7 (1) Accessibility of Public Transportation In accordance with the “Act on Figure II-7-1-1 Current Accessibility of Public Transportation Promotion of Smooth Transportation, etc. (as of March 31, 2014) of Elderly Persons, Disabled -
Hurricane & Tropical Storm
5.8 HURRICANE & TROPICAL STORM SECTION 5.8 HURRICANE AND TROPICAL STORM 5.8.1 HAZARD DESCRIPTION A tropical cyclone is a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that originates over tropical or sub-tropical waters and has a closed low-level circulation. Tropical depressions, tropical storms, and hurricanes are all considered tropical cyclones. These storms rotate counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere around the center and are accompanied by heavy rain and strong winds (NOAA, 2013). Almost all tropical storms and hurricanes in the Atlantic basin (which includes the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea) form between June 1 and November 30 (hurricane season). August and September are peak months for hurricane development. The average wind speeds for tropical storms and hurricanes are listed below: . A tropical depression has a maximum sustained wind speeds of 38 miles per hour (mph) or less . A tropical storm has maximum sustained wind speeds of 39 to 73 mph . A hurricane has maximum sustained wind speeds of 74 mph or higher. In the western North Pacific, hurricanes are called typhoons; similar storms in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean are called cyclones. A major hurricane has maximum sustained wind speeds of 111 mph or higher (NOAA, 2013). Over a two-year period, the United States coastline is struck by an average of three hurricanes, one of which is classified as a major hurricane. Hurricanes, tropical storms, and tropical depressions may pose a threat to life and property. These storms bring heavy rain, storm surge and flooding (NOAA, 2013). The cooler waters off the coast of New Jersey can serve to diminish the energy of storms that have traveled up the eastern seaboard. -
ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005
MARCH 2008 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1109 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005 JOHN L. BEVEN II, LIXION A. AVILA,ERIC S. BLAKE,DANIEL P. BROWN,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, RICHARD D. KNABB,RICHARD J. PASCH,JAMIE R. RHOME, AND STACY R. STEWART Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 2 November 2006, in final form 30 April 2007) ABSTRACT The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active of record. Twenty-eight storms occurred, includ- ing 27 tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Fifteen of the storms became hurricanes, and seven of these became major hurricanes. Additionally, there were two tropical depressions and one subtropical depression. Numerous records for single-season activity were set, including most storms, most hurricanes, and highest accumulated cyclone energy index. Five hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall in the United States, including four major hurricanes. Eight other cyclones made landfall elsewhere in the basin, and five systems that did not make landfall nonetheless impacted land areas. The 2005 storms directly caused nearly 1700 deaths. This includes approximately 1500 in the United States from Hurricane Katrina— the deadliest U.S. hurricane since 1928. The storms also caused well over $100 billion in damages in the United States alone, making 2005 the costliest hurricane season of record. 1. Introduction intervals for all tropical and subtropical cyclones with intensities of 34 kt or greater; Bell et al. 2000), the 2005 By almost all standards of measure, the 2005 Atlantic season had a record value of about 256% of the long- hurricane season was the most active of record. -
October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap 2 2
October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap Table of Contents Executive0B Summary 3 United2B States 4 Remainder of North America (Canada, Mexico, Caribbean, Bermuda) 4 South4B America 4 Europe 4 6BAfrica 5 Asia 5 Oceania8B (Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific Islands) 6 8BAAppendix 7 Contact Information 14 Impact Forecasting | October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap 2 2 Executive0B Summary . Windstorm Christian affects western and northern Europe; insured losses expected to top USD1.35 billion . Cyclone Phailin and Typhoon Fitow highlight busy month of tropical cyclone activity in Asia . Deadly bushfires destroy hundreds of homes in Australia’s New South Wales Windstorm Christian moved across western and northern Europe, bringing hurricane-force wind gusts and torrential rains to several countries. At least 18 people were killed and dozens more were injured. The heaviest damage was sustained in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Scandinavia, where a peak wind gust of 195 kph (120 mph) was recorded in Denmark. More than 1.2 million power outages were recorded and travel was severely disrupted throughout the continent. Reports from European insurers suggest that payouts are likely to breach EUR1.0 billion (USD1.35 billion). Total economic losses will be even higher. Christian becomes the costliest European windstorm since WS Xynthia in 2010. Cyclone Phailin became the strongest system to make landfall in India since 1999, coming ashore in the eastern state of Odisha. At least 46 people were killed. Tremendous rains, an estimated 3.5-meter (11.0-foot) storm surge, and powerful winds led to catastrophic damage to more than 430,000 homes and 668,000 hectares (1.65 million) acres of cropland. -
Regional Overview: Impact of Hurricanes Irma and Maria
REGIONAL OVERVIEW: IMPACT OF MISSION TO HURRICANES IRMA AND MARIA CONFERENCE SUPPORTING DOCUMENT 1 The report was prepared with support of ACAPS, OCHA and UNDP 2 CONTENTS SITUATION OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................... 4 KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Overall scope and scale of the impact ....................................................................................... 5 Worst affected sectors ...................................................................................................................... 5 Worst affected islands ....................................................................................................................... 6 Key priorities ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Challenges for Recovery ................................................................................................................. 7 Information Gaps ................................................................................................................................. 7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECOVERY ................................................................................ 10 Infrastructure ...................................................................................................................................... -
Hurricane Maria Situation Report #1 As of 9:00Pm Ast on September 20, 2017
Resilience Way, Lower Estate, St. Michael Tel: (246) 434-4880 Fax: (246) 271-3660 Email: [email protected] Visit our website: www.cdema.org HURRICANE MARIA SITUATION REPORT #1 AS OF 9:00PM AST ON SEPTEMBER 20, 2017 SYNOPSIS OF HURRICANE MARIA Maria, the 13th named hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season, became a category 5 hurricane near the Leeward Islands on Monday September 18th, 2017. Hurricane Maria impacted Dominica at approximately 9:35pm on September 18th as an extremely strong hurricane with wind speeds of 155 mph. Maria then impacted St. Kitts and Nevis and Antigua and Barbuda on September 19th, 2017 and the Virgin Islands September 19 – 20, 2017. At 800 PM AST (2100 UTC), the eye of Hurricane Maria was located near latitude 18.9 North, longitude 67.5 West. Maria is moving toward the northwest near 12 mph (19 km/h), and this general motion with a decrease in forward speed is expected through Thursday night. Data from an Air Force Reserve Hurricane Hunter aircraft indicate that maximum sustained winds remain 110 mph (175 km/h) with higher gusts. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 60 miles (95 km) from the center, and tropical storm- force winds extend outward up to 150 miles (240 km). The minimum central pressure based on data from the Air Force aircraft remains at 958 mb (28.29 inches). PROGNOSIS: The National Hurricane Center (NHC) indicates that on the forecast track, the core of Hurricane Maria will continue to move away from the northwestern coast of Puerto Rico this evening. -
Bridges – Winter 2018
Brethren Disaster Ministries Rebuilding Homes • Nurturing Children • Responding Globally Vol. 19, Winter 2018 Another record year for INSIDE Children’s Disaster Services CDS 2017 Response Statistics ........2 by Kathy Fry-Miller CDS Spring 2018 workshops ..........3 Children’s Disaster Services (CDS) had Several volunteers served on more CDS 2017 Workshops ....................3 an exceptionally full year again in 2017 than one response in 2017. One repeat Hurricane Maria Response and with a record number of 16 domestic responder, Pat Krabacher, shared, “In Recovery in Puerto Rico ................4 disaster responses, including two critical both California and Texas we saw Rebuild Program Updates................5 responses—the mass casualty shooting in amazing generosity poured out all around Hurricane Response in the U.S. October in Las Vegas, Nev., and the us with ordinary Americans doing Virgin Islands ................................6 Amtrak derailment in Tacoma, Wash., something to help. We were loved by Mission Alive conference ................6 in December. CDS had been able to people who served us and provided food, Volunteering at any age can be build up our volunteer base and a place to lay our heads, and security guys life-changing ..................................7 leadership support over the past few who sat up all night out in the cold while BDM 2017 Rebuild Responses ......7 years with support from the Christian we slept. As we were loved, so we too BDM 2017 Project Expenses ..........8 Church (Disciples of Christ) and United were changed by that love.” BDM 2017 Project Funding ..........8 Methodist Committee on Relief. This Both CDS associate director Kathy BDM 2017 Project Expenses ........8 gave us the capacity to respond to these Fry-Miller and program assistant Sherry Hope is alive in Eureka, Mo. -
Upgrades to the GFDL/GFDN Hurricane Model for 2014 (A JHT Funded Project) Morris A
Upgrades to the GFDL/GFDN Hurricane Model for 2014 (A JHT Funded Project) Morris A. Bender, Matthew Morin, Timothy Marchok, Isaac Ginis, Biju Thomas, Richard Yablonsky and Robert Tuleya 68th Interdepartmenal Hurricane Conference Tuesday, March 5th GFDL 2014 Hurricane Model Upgrade • Increased horizontal resolution of inner nest from 1/12th to 1/18th degree with reduced damping of gravity waves in advection scheme • Improved specification of surface exchange coefficients (ch, cd) and surface stress computation in surface physics • Improved specification of surface roughness and wetness over land. • Modified PBL with variable Critical Richardson Number. • Advection of individual micro-physics species. (Yet to test impact of Rime Factor Advection) • Improved targeting of initial storm maximum wind and storm structure in initialization. (Reduces negative intensity bias in vortex specification) • Remove vortex specification in Atlantic for storms of 40 knots and less • Upgrade ocean model to 1/12th degree MPI POM with unified trans-Atlantic basin and 3D ocean for Eastern Pacific basin • Remove global_chgres in analysis step (direct interpolation from hybrid to sigma coordinates) New Cd and Ch formulation New Ch New Cd Current HWRF and GFDL Cd Current HWRF Ch Comparison of New cd and ch with Recent Referenced Studies Cd Ch Impact of Bogusing on Intensity Errors For Storms 40 knots or less Bogus No Bogus Bogusing Significantly Atlantic Degraded performance in Atlantic for weak systems No Bogus Bogus Bogusing Eastern Significantly Improved Pacific -
Hurricane Maria
eVENT Hurricane Tracking Advisory Hurricane Maria Information from NHC Advisory 27, 5:00 PM AST Fri September 22, 2017 Maria is moving toward the north-northwest near 9 mph (15 km/h), and this general motion is expected to continue through Saturday. A turn toward the north is forecast by Saturday night. Maximum sustained winds are near 125 mph (205 km/h) with higher gusts. Maria is a category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. A gradual weakening is forecast during the next 48 hours. Intensity Measures Position & Heading U.S. Landfall (NHC) 115 miles ENE of the southeastern Max Sustained Wind 125 mph Position Relative to Bahamas Speed: (Category 3) Land: 395 miles ESE of Nassau Est. Time & Region: N/A Min Central Pressure: 959 mb Coordinates: 23.3 N, 71.4 W Trop. Storm Force Est. Max Sustained 160 miles Bearing/Speed: NNW or 335 degrees at 9 mph N/A Winds Extent: Wind Speed: Forecast Summary ■ The NHC forecast map (below left) and the wind-field map (below right) both show Maria now moving northwest through Saturday. To illustrate the uncertainty in Maria’s forecast track, forecast tracks for all current models are shown on the wind-field map (below right) in pale gray. ■ Tropical storm conditions will continue to occur over portions of the Turks and Caicos Islands and the southeastern Bahamas through tonight. Tropical storm conditions are expected in the central Bahamas beginning tonight. ■ Maria is expected to produce the following rain accumulations through Saturday: 8-16 inches on the Turks and Caicos Islands, 4-8 inches on Mayaguana in the Bahamas, 1-3 inches on Puerto Rico along with the eastern Bahamas, 2-6 inches on Inagua Islands and Crooked Islands in the Bahamas. -
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ASIA PACIFIC REGION 22 - 28 October, 2013 Weekly Regional Humanitarian Snapshot from the OCHA Regional Office in Asia and the Pacific 1 PHILIPPINES Probability of Above/Below As of 21 Oct, the 7.2M earthquake in Bohol had killed 186 people, affected some 3 Normal Precipitation r" million, and left nearly 381,000 people displaced of whom 70% or 271,000 were staying (Nov 2013 - Jan 2014) outside of established evacuation centers. These people were in urgent need of shelter Above normal rainfall and WASH support. Psycho-social support was identified as an urgent need for children traumatized by the earthquake, which has produced well over 2,000 aftershocks so far. Recently repaired bridges and roads have opened greater access to affected locations M O N G O L I A normal in Bohol. The Government has welcomed international assistance. Source: OCHA Sitrep No. 4 DPR KOREA Below normal rainfall 2 CAMBODIA 5 Floods across Cambodia have claimed 168 lives, displaced almost 145,000 and 5 RO KOREA JAPAN r" p" u" affected more than 1.7 million. Waters have begun to recede across the country with the worst affected provinces being Battambang and Banteay Meanchey, where many parts C H I N A LEKIMA KOBE remain flooded. Communities are in urgent need of clean water, basic sanitation and BHUTAN emergency shelter. NEPAL p" 5 Source: HRF Sitrep No. 4 KATHMANDU 3 INDIA PA C I F I C Heavy rainfall has been affecting the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha, SE India, in BANGLADESH FRANCISCO I N D I A u" the last few days. -
Hurricane Interaction with the Upper Ocean in the Amazon-Orinoco Plume Region
Hurricane interaction with the upper ocean in the Amazon-Orinoco plume region Yannis Androulidakis, Vassiliki Kourafalou, George Halliwell, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Heesook Kang, Michael Mehari & Robert Atlas Ocean Dynamics Theoretical, Computational and Observational Oceanography ISSN 1616-7341 Volume 66 Number 12 Ocean Dynamics (2016) 66:1559-1588 DOI 10.1007/s10236-016-0997-0 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer- Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Ocean Dynamics (2016) 66:1559–1588 DOI 10.1007/s10236-016-0997-0 Hurricane interaction with the upper ocean in the Amazon-Orinoco plume region Yannis Androulidakis1 & Vassiliki Kourafalou 1 & George Halliwell2 & Matthieu Le Hénaff2,3 & Heesook Kang1 & Michael Mehari3 & Robert Atlas2 Received: 3 February 2016 /Accepted: 14 September 2016 /Published online: 6 October 2016 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 Abstract The evolution of three successive hurricanes the amount of ocean thermal energy provided to these storms (Katia, Maria, and Ophelia) is investigated over the river was greatly reduced, which acted to limit intensification. -
Climate Change & Hurricane Risk
Climate Change and Atlantic Hurricane Risk Risk Prediction Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) 17 Biological Station St. George’s GE 01 Bermuda risk.bios.edu Initiative contents Introduction 3 Atlantic Hurricanes Landfall and Intensity 4 Measuring Storm Strength 6 Hurricanes and Climate change 8 Warmer water stronger storms 8 Formation Locations and Maximum Intensity 9 Rainfall 10 Exposure growth and Sea Level Rise 12 Summary 13 References 14 Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) 17 Biological Station St. George’s GE 01 Bermuda risk.bios.edu Cover image: NASA satellite image of major Hurricane Florence in 2018. Pg 2 Climate change and Atlantic hurricane risk The 2017 hurricane season highlights most of the impacts suffered by countries with Atlantic, Caribbean or Gulf of Mexico coastlines. Storms in this season caused devastation from major hurricane wind speeds, storm surge and flood-induced flooding, tragic loss of life, disruption to livelihoods and destruction to property. Introduction The 2017 and 2018 hurricane seasons have heralded the end of the period of no US major hurricane landfalls, caused devastating impacts across the Caribbean, Central and North America region, and sparked renewed questions about the impact of climate change on hurricane activity in the public and private sectors. In some cases, the damage inflicted by hurricanes in the last 2 seasons has been unprecedented in scale and impact, with record-breaking rainfall-induced flooding in some coastal communities and the highest wind speeds on record for some island nations. This report will highlight scientific research that reveals recent findings with relevance to these issues, including trends detected in the long-term record, and future projections of changes of hurricane activity.