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Erfahrung Und Analyse Experience and Analysis Erfahrung und Analyse Experience and Analysis Abstracts 27. Internationales Wittgenstein Symposium 8. – 14. August 2004 Kirchberg am Wechsel 27th International Wittgenstein Symposium August 8 – 14, 2004 Kirchberg am Wechsel Distributors Die Österreichische Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft The Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society Markt 63, A-2880 Kirchberg am Wechsel Österreich/Austria Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Abteilung Kultur und Wissenschaft des Amtes der NÖ Landesregierung Redaktion: Maria Elisabeth Reicher und Johann Christian Marek Visuelle Gestaltung: Sascha Windholz Druck: Druckwerker, 1050 Wien 2 Abstracts IS EVERYTHING NAMEABLE? ANALYSIS AS THE VANISHING OF VALUE? C. Anthony Anderson, Santa Barbara, California Brian Armstrong, University Park, Pennsylvania Seeking a foundation for intensional logic, arguments Although the Tractarian notion of value has recently begun bearing on whether everything is nameable are examined to receive more scholarly attention, there is still no clear and all are found to be without force. These include Fre- account of this notion. While I can hardly offer such an ge’s on unsaturated functions, an Intuitionistic argument, a account here, I do believe that our theme of experience Leibnizian argument, and Graham Priest’s Berkelian ar- and analysis can be used to shed new light on the issue. gument. The reasoning of the Zermelo-König paradox This new light results from the interesting paradox that leading to the conclusion that all ordinals are nameable is opens up in the Tractatus with respect to value and our stated within a theory of possible languages and found theme: the value that we experience seems to vanish upon wanting. It is concluded that the question is entirely open. analysis. I will question whether this is so, asking why it is that we are tempted to speak of value, how value arises in a logical-philosophical treatise, and what a philosopher can do about it. My conclusion will be that the Tractarian GESTALT UND ZEIT. project depends on a dynamic and paradoxical relation to value: we must experience value that vanishes upon HISTORISCH-SYSTEMATISCHE ANALYSEN analysis if analysis is itself to be possible. ZUR GESTALTTHEORIE Mauro Antonelli, Milano, Italien PHÄNOMENALISMUS UND SKEPTIZISMUS Die Gestalttheorie stellt historisch einen der fruchtbarsten Versuche dar, eine Wissenschaft der Wahrnehmungs- Alexander Bagattini, Leipzig, Deutschland gegenstände zu begründen. Indem allerdings die Ge- stalttheorie jeglichen Verarbeitungsprozess in der Wahr- Hat das empirische Wissen eine Grundlage? Können wir nehmung prinzipiell ausschließt, kann sie nicht über eine Wissen über die Gegenstände unseres Alltagsver- rein deskriptive Experimentalphänomenologie der schon ständnisses alleine auf der Basis unserer Sinnesdaten formierten Perzepte hinausgehen. Dies macht eine ge- begründen? Der Skeptiker beantwortet zumindest die netische Ergänzung erforderlich, die den Konstitutions- zweite Frage negativ: Nein, Sinnesdaten alleine sind nicht prozess des Gegebenen in der Zeit untersucht. Denn hinreichend zur Begründung des empirischen Wissens. Er jeglicher Wahrnehmungsgegenstand weist nicht nur eine führt hierfür als Argument an, dass es keinen gültigen räumliche und qualitative Einheit, sondern auch eine, wenn rationalen Schluss von den internen Sinnesdaten auf die auch minimale, zeitliche Dauer auf – sei es, dass der vermeintlichen externen, physikalischen Gegenstände gibt. Gegenstand mit sich selbst identisch bleibt, sei es, dass er Phänomenalisten greifen dieses skeptische Argument mit kontinuierlich seine räumlichen und/oder qualitativen der These an, dass physikalische Gegenstände nichts Bestimmungen wechselt. Eine genetische Experimental- anderes sind als Akkumulationen von Sinnesdaten. Die phänomenologie, die den zeitlichen Innenhorizont des versierteste Form des Phänomenalismus – der linguis- Wahrnehmungsprozesses hervorhebt und die passive, tische Phänomenalismus – versucht diese These dadurch präattentive Genesis des Gegebenen untersucht – wie sie zu begründen, dass ein definitorisches Verhältnis zwi- in etwa Vittorio Benussi parallel zum gestalttheoretischen schen Propositionen über physikalische Gegenstände und Modell entwarf –, könnte die traditionelle Gestalttheorie der Propositionen über Sinnesdaten behauptet wird. zeitgenössischen kognitiven Psychologie annähern und neue Forschungshorizonte eröffnen. Es soll gezeigt werden, dass es nicht möglich ist, Propo- sitionen über physikalische Gegenstände definitorisch auf Propositionen über Sinnesdaten zurückzuführen, weshalb eine phänomenalistische Antwort auf den Außenwelt- WITTGENSTEIN’S CONTRIBUTION TO skeptizismus scheitert. THE UNDERSTANDING OF PREDELUSIONAL STATES José María Ariso, Madrid, Spain The emphasis Wittgenstein placed on ungrounded ways of acting led him to consider those events in which he would be torn away from the sureness of the game. In this paper I weigh up the possibility that some delusions are due not only to events which might throw us entirely off the rails, but also to the loss of the confidence which allows us to take part in language-games. 3 Abstracts THE PRACTICAL RELEVANCE knowledge and mental contents. It discusses the work of OF PHENOMENOLOGY Beyer concerning Husserlian epoché and argues that both universal and local epoché are to be rejected from an Sorin Baiasu, Manchester, Great Britain externalist perspective. Contemporary approaches to ethical issues confine the practical relevance of phenomenology to the exploration of meta-ethical questions. From this perspective, moral A PLAUSIBLE ELIMINATIVISM? philosophers interested in questions of normative ethics José Luis Bermúdez, St. Louis, Missouri may seem justified in denying the significance of phenomenology; moreover, phenomenologists interested in meta-ethical questions may seem justified in rejecting This paper starts from the premise that Paul Churchland’s the philosophical importance of normative ethics. In this "official" arguments for eliminative materialism are paper I focus on the descriptive character of the phe- unsatisfactory. My aims are, first, to refocus the debate on nomenological method as one of the main reasons for what I take to be more interesting and fruitful arguments these views regarding phenomenology’s practical rele- for eliminativism and, second, to explore how far those vance, and I argue for the central role that phenomenology arguments might take us. The most promising strategy for can play in an adequate approach to questions of norma- the eliminativist has two components. The first is to put tive ethics. pressure on what I have elsewhere called the broad construal of the scope of commonsense psychology. The second is to try to establish a fundamental mismatch between the model of representation implicated in just INDEXIKALITÄT, KOGNITIVE DYNAMIK about all ways of thinking about commonsense psychology and the family of models of representation that seem to UND PRAKTISCHES ÜBERLEGEN provide the best general picture of how the brain can be Johannes D. Balle, Berlin, Deutschland representational. Standard ways of understanding the putative mismatch are unhelpful. New ones are proposed. Gedankendynamische Argumente erweitern das Spektrum der Debatten um indexikalische Gedanken mit Blick auf Verstehens- und Verhaltenserklärungen über die Zeit. Es wird argumentiert, dass kognitive Dynamik gerade auch für EXPLAINING EMOTIONAL ACTION die Analyse praktischer Überlegungen eine ganz zentrale Monika Betzler, Göttingen, Germany Rolle spielt. Hierzu wird eine Rekonstruktion der kognitiven Inhalte notwendig, die in dynamischen Einstellungen involviert sind und mit denen wir es immer dann zu tun According to a standard model of rational agency emo- haben, wenn wir kontextbezogene Informationen in kon- tional actions are either arational, or they are rational to the text-unabhängiger Weise und über Kontexte hinweg in extent that emotions can be captured by beliefs and unsere praktischen Überlegungen miteinbeziehen. desires rationalizing the action. In this paper, I propose an alternative way to explain emotional actions. Some emotional actions are rational in that they are done for reasons ensuing from what an agent has come to value, but cannot value any longer in light of newly acquired SEARLE ÜBER DEN ZUSAMMENHANG information. Such actions serve the function to enhance ZWISCHEN INTENTIONALITÄT evaluative coherence and re-adaption to new circum- UND BEWUßTSEIN stances. Emotions motivate such actions to reduce per- ceived incoherences. Wolfgang Barz, Berlin, Deutschland Ich untersuche ein Argument, das Searle zur Begründung seiner These des begrifflichen Zusammenhangs zwischen ÜBER DEN WERT DER GEFÜHLE Intentionalität und Bewußtsein vorgetragen hat. Dieses Argument stützt sich auf den Begriff der Aspektgestalt und Christian Beyer, Erfurt, Deutschland auf die Rede von „irreduzibler Subjektivität“. Nachdem ich jeweils zwei Lesarten von „Aspektgestalt“ und „irreduzibler Im ersten Teil des Beitrags wird der Gefühlsbegriff als Subjektivität“ herausgearbeitet habe, komme ich zu dem Familienähnlichkeitsbegriff bestimmt. Als paradigmatische Ergebnis, daß Searles Argument in jeder möglichen Gefühle erweisen sich dabei die aktuellen Gefühlsereb- Kombination dieser Lesarten von mindestens einer fal- nisse. Diese werden im zweiten Teil mit den Wahrneh- schen Prämisse Gebrauch macht. mungserlebnissen verglichen. Ausgehend von der Beo- bachtung, daß Gefühlserlebnisse – ebenso wie Wahrneh- mungserlebnisse – manchmal veridisch sind, wird
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