SECRETARIAT - 150 route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100, 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland - TEL: +41 22 791 6033 - FAX: +41 22 791 6506

www .actalliance.org

Appeal

India

Disaster Risk Reduction & Social Empowerment – IND103 (Follow-on Tsunami Project – year 3)

Appeal Target: US$ 493,417 Balance requested: US$ 385,303

Geneva, 21 October 2010

Dear Colleagues,

ACT Tsunami Response Appeal ASRE51 focused on the needs of tsunami victims in Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. After completion of ASRE51, the Lutheran World Service India (LWSI) decided to continue supporting the disaster affected population and planned a three year tsunami follow-on project which started in 2008.

The aim of the three year follow-on project was to link relief and rehabilitation to development (LRRD) through support to community based disaster risk management programmes, housing and community infrastructure, livelihood, environmental protection and strengthening of community organisational capacities.

The first phase of the follow-on project was implemented under the ACT Appeal ASIN82 and targeted a total of 45 communities spread across the coastal belt and areas prone to annual floods and cyclones. The second phase, IND093, continued working with the 45 communities from ASIN82 and took on an additional 20. Follow-up activities were organised to strengthen the capacity of Village Development Committees (VDC), Self-Help Groups (SHGs), and Disaster Management Taskforces (DMTs). The programmes were coordinated and linked with governmental activities, forming SHG federations and banks for group and community development and sustainability as well.

The goal of the third phase, Appeal IND103, is to reduce disaster and poverty related vulnerabilities through empowering socially and economically marginalized people to develop effective response capacity within communities. This third and final intervention will be implemented in 80 villages located in Cuddalore Nagapattinam districts of Tamil Nadu. The Appeal plans to support 230 families and will have a special focus on women and children. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 2

Project Completion Date : 30 September 2011

Reporting schedule:

LWSIT Interim narrative & financial 30 April 2011 Final narrative & financial 30 November 2011 Audit 31 December 2011

Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance Requested:

Appeal Target 493,417 Less Pledges/Contr Recvd 108,114 Balance Requested from ACT Alliance 385,303

Please kindly send your contributions to either of the following ACT bank accounts:

US dollar Account Number - 240-432629.60A; IBAN No: CH46 0024 0240 4326 2960A Euro Euro Bank Account Number - 240-432629.50Z; IBAN No: CH84 0024 0240 4326 2950Z

Account Name: ACT Alliance - Action by Churches Together UBS AG 8, rue du Rhône, P.O. Box 2600, 1211 Geneva 4, SWITZERLAND Swift address: UBSWCHZH80A

Please also inform the Chief Finance Officer Jean-Daniel Birmele ([email protected]) and the Assistant Regional Programme Officer, Gabrielle Bartholomew ([email protected]) of all pledges/contributions and transfers, including funds sent directly to the implementers.

We would appreciate being informed of any intent to submit applications for EU, USAID and/or other back donor funding and the subsequent results. We thank you in advance for your kind cooperation.

For further information please contact: ACT Deputy General Secretary, Jill Hawkey (phone +41 22 791 6069 or mobile +41 79 376 1711) ACT Assistant Regional Program Officer, Gabrielle Bartholomew (phone +41 22 791 6036)

Gorden Simango Acting Head of Office ACT Alliance Secretariat

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 3

I. REQUESTING ACT MEMBER

Lutheran World Federation/Lutheran World Service India Trust (LWF/LWSIT)

II. IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER AND PARTNER INFORMATION

Lutheran World Service India Trust (LWSIT) Lutheran Word Service India Trust (LWSIT) was registered on September 4, 2008 to take over, manage, operate, own and continue the India program of the Lutheran World Federation/Department for World Service, Geneva. The United Evangelical Lutheran Church in India (UELCI) and the National Council of Churches in India (NCCI) are the key stakeholders, thus upholding the Trust’s identity as a Christian ecumenical organization.

Lutheran World Service India (LWSI), the India program of the Lutheran World Federation, Department for World Service, became operational in 1974 in response to the refugee problems in West Bengal after the Bangladesh War of Independence. Over the years LWSI, expanded the scope of its work to other states and continued to work with the poorest of the poor and those affected by disasters without regard for race, sex, creed, caste, nationality or political conviction. Over these years, LWSI has rendered disaster relief and development assistance in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Gujarat. The Trust as the successor to LWS India has inherited a rich legacy of experience of operating rural and urban development projects, disaster preparedness and response projects across India.

The Trust is continuing the work of LWSI with the underprivileged rural and urban communities, through social mobilization to promote collective approach to address their socio-economic challenges as the key intervention strategy. Awareness raising, sensitization and training programs are organized for the community representatives to develop their common understanding of developmental issues. In this approach people are placed at the centre, and external support is viewed as complementary and supplementary.

The Trust continues to implement disaster response projects under the ACT appeal mechanism in different parts of the country. LWSIT India always tries to adhere to the SPHERE standards in its implementation of disaster response programmes. The Trust also continues to implement social transformation, economic empowerment and risk reduction projects in rural and urban communities as part of its urban and rural development project and disaster preparedness programme.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION

Background Almost all the countries situated around the Bay of Bengal were affected by the tsunami waves in the morning hours of 26 December 2004 (between 0900 – 1030 hrs IST). The killer waves were triggered by an earthquake measuring 8.9 on the Richter scale that had an epicentre near the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia.

In India, the Tsunami caused extensive damage to human life and property in the Union Territories (UT) of Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Pondicherry, as well as in the coastal districts in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and TamilNadu, affecting approximately 2260 kilometres of coastline. The tidal waves that struck the mainland varied between 3 to 10 meters in height. On the mainland, the waves penetrated up to 3 kilometres inland in places like Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Chennai and Machilipatnam. According to government reports, the Tsunami led to the deaths of 12 405 people and injured 6 913 people and displaced 64 799 people. These reports are generally considered to be underestimates, particularly with regard to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands which are home to a large number of undocumented inhabitants.

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 4

Along the Indian coast, an estimated 1 089 villages were affected, with 157 393 houses destroyed. The total estimated value of damages is US $2.56 billion (Approx. INR 11,300 Cr) and total need for long- term recovery is estimated at US $2.1 billion (Approx. INR 9,240 Cr). The Andaman and Nicobar islands were the worst affected areas followed by the state of TamilNadu. The devastating waves that lashed several coastal districts of the state (Chennai, Tiruvalur, Kanchipuram, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam, Tiruvallur, Thanjavur, Thoothukudi, Ramanathapuram, Tirunelveli, Kanniyakumari, Pudukottai and Viluppuram) left at least 7 995 dead and rendered thousands homeless. Most of the deceased were the elderly, the infirm, as well as women and children. More than one million people were directly or indirectly affected in TamilNadu. The majority of those affected had fishery and agriculture based livelihoods or were employed in associated activities.

Impact on Human Life due to the Tsunami

Area No. Population Population Human Persons Orphaned Women villages affected Evacuated lives Lost injured children widowed affected TamilNadu 230 1 068 564 471 585 7 995 3 960 197 561 India 876 3 415 000 647 599 10 136 NA 480 787

Source: http://www.tn.gov.in/tsunami/, 2006

The poor, marginalised and socially excluded people were worst hit with much loss of life and property. On the other hand there was much more of imbalanced distribution of relief and other support both by the government and the NGOs. This was because everybody’s focus was towards coastal fisher folk as they were visibly affected and found to be dominant.

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITUATION IN THE AREA OF THE PROPOSED RESPONSE

Current situation in the area of proposed response A collective effort by NGOs, INGOs, Government, VDCs, SHGs and other stakeholders brought forth new structures in the affected costal villages and changed the life style of the tsunami hit fisher folk. The population has started on new and viable employment opportunities that included adapted modern fishing technology, women were given much more opportunities to participate in the developmental initiatives, and new infrastructure was set including modern and decent housing with hazard resistant features. The survivors have been granted a new start.

Under the Tsunami Response ACT Appeal ASRE51, LWSIT responded to the needs of the Tsunami victims in Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry with support from ACT International. Under this project the main activities were construction of hazard resistant permanent housing, community infrastructures, environmental regeneration, community based disaster preparedness and psycho social care capacity building, which has been implemented in a total of 25 communities, four of which are exclusively for the deprived communities of the dalits. These four communities were covered under a permanent housing programme also. Eight other fishing communities were also covered under the permanent housing programme.

Most of the relief and rehabilitation assistance from the government and NGOs initially benefited the fishing communities only, whilst dalits, the poor and marginalised families living in the area were left out. During the rehabilitation phase, LWSIT identified a number of villages with resource poor, non- fishing communities, whose livelihood opportunities were also directly or indirectly affected by the tsunami and the floods. These communities were less privileged, marginalized and unorganized compared to the fishermen communities and were also affected by tsunami, though not directly by the tsunami waves. Reduction in agricultural production and inland fishing, reduction in agricultural labour due to the implementation of machineries and other allied livelihood have affected these communities hard. Annual flooding also affects these poor communities adversely. These families live far below the IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 5 poverty line. They live in mud-walled thatched houses which need repairing every year and prompt maintenance. Also they need to work hard and earn a living everyday or else entire families will starve.

In a parallel project, funded by DCA, LWSIT initiated community based disaster prevention (CBDP) and livelihood support programmes in 50 deprived communities of the dalits in two districts of Tamil Nadu – Cuddalore and Nagapattinam. The intervention has brought meaningful change in the lives of the tsunami survivors and has been successful to a large extent in restoring normal life. The project has made best use of the resources and could achieve tangible change in the operational areas. The project tried to encourage communities to prepare themselves against probable disasters and at the same time work for holistic community development.

In most of the communities population growth and environmental degradation have accelerated incidence and intensity of natural as well as man made hazards. Exploitation by landlords, money lenders and other influential vocal persons over a considerable period of time has also added to the misery. Under the above circumstances, LWSIT proposed an extended rehabilitation programme as a follow-on project of ASRE51.

In 2008, in continuation of previous interventions under the appeal ASRE51 and community based disaster prevention and livelihood projects supported by Danish Church Aid, a three year project was planned.

The overall aim of this project is to ensure the linking of relief and rehabilitation to development (LRRD) through five components: support to community based disaster risk management, housing and community infrastructure, livelihood, environmental protection and strengthening of organisational community capacity. It is to reach about 7,865 households in 80 villages in Cuddalore and Nagapattinam district, out of which 50 villages have already benefited. LWSIT has received assurance from three of its core resource partners, namely FinChurchAid, Church of Sweden and the Canadian Lutheran World Relief (CLWR) that it can divide their contribution to the funding over a period of three years.

The targeted families belong to dalit and marginalized communities, who are socially and economically deprived and excluded from the immediate support system. Almost all the families are landless/ marginal land holders and daily labour categories living under below poverty line. This three year project organize special skill development training for disaster preparedness for interested persons from the operational communities to form a Disaster Management Taskforce (DMT) and a Disaster Management Committees (DMC). Besides, Self-Help Groups (SHG) will be formed / strengthened for initiating income generation ventures of their choice. Dalit marginalized families living in vulnerable thatched huts will be assisted with low-cost houses that are disaster resilient. Dalit families who have no legal ownership of their homestead will be supported to purchase homesteads land for house construction, in case government shows indifference in providing them land for housing.

The first phase under ACT Appeal ASIN82 The first phase (ASIN82) focused more on building the capacity of the affected communities. Information Education Communication (IEC) materials were developed incorporating ideas drawn from the villages. Local folk media groups were assisted generate awareness on disasters and other social issues. This project prepared communities to face multiple disasters.

The project guided the villagers, in identifying volunteers to form Disaster Management Task Forecs (DMT) in their community. Individual skills and capabilities were considered while selecting DMT members. It was encouraging to find many women coming forward to join the DMTs. As many as 30 DMTs were formed during the first year intervention. The project organized necessary skill development training sessions for the DMT task force members. Mock drill presentations were organized to evaluate the effectiveness of these trainings.

The project supported poor farmers with agriculture inputs in the form of paddy seeds and agriculture implements. Fruit saplings like guava, mango and sapota were distributed to families who had land for IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 6 homestead plantation. Poor families with backyard land were given vegetable seeds for kitchen gardening. 78 most vulnerable families were supported with locally viable alternative livelihood schemes like grocery business, ice tray for fish vending, nets for inland fishing to improve their economic status. Group income generation schemes like vessel renting, tent house business etc were also supported through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and Village Development Committees (VDCs). Unemployed youths were provided with vocational training like, tailoring, and driving. Those who have successfully completed the vehicle driving training received licenses and are now able to generate income by driving tractors and auto rickshaw.

In the new communities seven community centres were constructed in villages prone to floods as they are situated in low lying areas. During floods and other emergencies people from these villages had to travel miles in search for safe shelter. These centres will be utilized for multipurpose use at village level like conducting meetings, classes for school dropouts, and other family functions. These communities now have developed confidence to fight disasters in future as they have a safe place where they can take shelter during floods and other disasters. These community centres were handed over to Village Development Committees (VDC) and local Panchayat for maintenance and proper utilization.

Lack of portable drinking water is a serious problem in most of these operational villages. The crisis for drinking water is further aggravated during disasters. Based on need installation of tube-wells for ensuring safe drinking water, renovating the water sources, building water tanks was done in 10 villages.

In the 15 old communities, those who participated in the intervention under ASRE51 and DCA supported CBDP and livelihood projects, the project focused more on providing handholding support by strengthening the Disaster Management Task Forces (DMT) and Village Development Committees (VDC). Existing and some newly formed DMTs at community levels were trained and equipped to carry out different roles and responsibilities both during pre and post-disaster situations. VDC supports these task forces and oversees the coordination of the disaster management teams. Leadership training was provided to selected community leaders to enhance the leadership quality.

Families in all the 15 old communities lived in unsafe traditional houses, with mud walls and thatched roof on small plots of land (200-300 sqft) provided by the landlords for whom the earlier generations have been working as bonded labourers in the agriculture fields. Every year after the monsoon they spend considerable amounts to repair or reconstruct the houses. The project identified and provided permanent low cost disaster resistant houses to 231 resource poor families. During initial assessment for housing, it was found that many of these dalit families did not possess proper land-holding documents. The project has therefore assisted 120 such families in obtaining proper land documents for their houses. In order to promote safe sanitation practices 100 family toilets were constructed. The project educated the communities on the importance of proper and safe sanitation practices through mass awareness campaigns.

The project also organised awareness programs on legal rights, National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA) amongst others, and facilitated the process of linking the village level institutions with banks and other financial institutions. Thrift and credit, individual and community savings were also encouraged as part of future preparedness.

The project has stressed the need to strengthen the communities in the capacity to claim their rights. Coastal dalit communities because of their social exclusion and illiteracy do not have proper democratic institutional set up to uphold their rights. ASIN 82 project made initial attempts to organizing the people in building effective institutional bodies. In the first year intervention the project was successful in forming the institution, equal representation of women inclusion was accepted after several attempts.

In the Disaster Management Task Forces (DMT’s) equal representation of women was also ensured because during emergencies women are most vulnerable and trained women DMT members can play a big role in safeguarding the lives of the affected women and children.

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 7

The second phase under ACT appeal – IND 093 In the 20 new communities taken up in the second year intervention project focused more on building the capacity of these communities. Along with the new 20 villages and 45 old communities were also included in order to carry out some follow up activities for institutional strengthening of Village Development Committees (VDC), Self-Help Groups (SHGs), and Disaster Management Task Forces (DMTs). In addition there was much more focus on linkage programmes with government, forming SHG federation and bank for group and the sustainability of community development.

There was a special focus towards school children, sensitising them on disaster preparedness in schools. As children are the future citizens they need to be well equipped with the latest techniques and knowledge on disaster and the need for preparedness. The children are now aware on school level safety and preparedness. They have formed a school level task force for future disaster reduction.

The project guided the villagers, in identifying volunteers to form Disaster Management Task Force (DMT) in their community. Individual skills and capabilities were considered while selecting DMT members. It was encouraging to find many women coming forward to join the DMTs. As many as 20 DMTs were formed during the second year intervention. The project organized necessary skill development training sessions for the DMT task force members. Mock drill presentations were organized to assess the effectiveness of these trainings. At the same time the project provided sufficient refresher training to the first year DMT members for sustainable.

Village development funds where introduced which have helped to organize income generation (IG) activities managed by Village Development Committees (VDC) of old and new villages. In addition, support was provided to kick off IG activities like rope making, livestock like goats, Poultry farm, and quail farm. The Self-Help Groups (SHGs) were formed under one platform and the registration is yet to be done.

The project supported nearly 2500 families with fruit bearing tree saplings and vegetable seed pockets to develop homestead nutrition garden to enrich the nutritive health of the family particularly women and children. Also community plantations were established in order to serve as wind breakers and to minimise the effects of disaster.

The infrastructure support includes construction of hazard resilient houses for 191 families along with rain water harvesting systems in order to enrich the ground water table. In addition 104 families were provided with sanitary toilets. Six hazard prone villages were identified and provided with multi purpose community centres that help in times of emergencies and can combine community development purpose as well. 10 new tube wells for drinking water purpose along with raised platforms were laid out as per need.

The project in the second year established 39 non-formal education (NFE) centres that enabled the facility for school drop outs to be re enrolled and other school going children for better education. To motivate, additional support like school bags provided for school children to continue school study.

Most of the marginalised families were supported with income generating activities in order to increase their economic status and social recognition in their own community. As most of them are farmers, agriculture groups were formed and supported with grain bank, training on agriculture with necessary tools. Unemployed youths were provided vocational training like, tailoring, computer, beautician, driving etc. These, who have successfully completed the training, are now able to generate income.

The project organised some needful awareness programmes that focussed on legal aspects, health aspects, environment, water and sanitation, HIV/AIDS, gender and different available government schemes, National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS), facilitated by concerned authorities and other general awareness according to the need of the community that could emerge as cross cutting issue as well.

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 8

The second year project IND 093 mainly focussed on women empowerment, literacy, social empowerment, institutional strengthening to establish democratic institutional set up to up hold their rights. Also the project focused on ensuring women participation in all LWSIT programmes.

V. TARGETED BENEFICIARIES

The project in the third year intervention proposes to include 15 new communities along with 65 old communities and a total of 80 communities. All the proposed communities are very much flood, cyclone and tsunami prone areas. Most of the communities are marginalised agriculture based dalit families and they are socially excluded and economically deprived. Almost all the families are landless or marginal land holders, agricultural daily labourers coming under below poverty line. These families live in small huts made of mud wall with thatched roof made of coconut or palm leaf. People depend on seasonal employment in agriculture and the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) mainly for their livelihood. Therefore most of them migrate temporarily in seeking employment in the nearby districts or states as well. In addition most of them are illiterate and our initial intervention says the concept of disaster preparedness is totally new and the people are unaware of disaster concepts.

Therefore special focus will be on disaster preparedness and skill training along with institutional strengthening. Income generating ventures will be planned in a focused manner. Deserving families and the disabled will be provided with livelihood support as per need and viability.

The project plans to support 230 families with sanitary toilets to those who have been supported with housing in the first and second year interventions. In the third year the programme will still give focus on empowering women and children.

Geographical focus The third year intervention will be implemented in 80 villages listed below from Cuddalore Nagapattinam districts of TamilNadu.

Statistical details of the villages for third year intervention: SL. Population Village District Taluk Block No HH M F Total Operational villages of 1 st year intervention List of New villages 1 Menairuppu Nagapattinam Sirkali Kollidam 115 202 260 462 2 Achankadu - do - - do - - do - 90 262 188 450 3 Nariyentheru - East - do - - do - - do - 105 301 224 525 4 Nariyentheru - West - do - - do - - do - 65 175 150 325 5 Kuthuvakarai - do - - do - - do - 64 168 152 320 6 Pillpadugai - do - - do - - do - 110 243 245 488 7 Nanalpadugai - do - - do - - do - 100 236 217 453 8 Mudalaimedu - do - - do - - do - 88 162 159 321 9 Manaveli - do - - do - - do - 64 144 197 341 10 Iruvakollai - South - do - - do - - do - 29 68 74 142 11 Keelagaram - do - - do - - do - 120 266 250 516 12 Mahendrapalli - do - - do - - do - 190 595 615 1210 13 Mudalaimeduthittu - do - - do - - do - 48 101 89 190 14 Kaduvetti - do - - do - - do - 100 263 248 511 15 Vettanthankarai - do - - do - - do - 139 246 233 479 16 Nedunchi Cuddalore Chidambaram Parangi 62 166 169 335 IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 9

pettai 17 Kuchipalayam - do - - do - - do - 147 238 298 536 18 N.M.Valkai - do - - do - - do - 147 150 162 312 19 Keelachavadi - do - - do - - do - 128 193 205 398 20 Kottavam - do - - do - - do - 119 142 155 297 21 Vadakkuchavadi - do - - do - - do - 78 151 165 316 22 Chinnatheru - do - - do - - do - 37 146 152 298 23 Kaduvetti - do - - do - - do - 44 154 155 309 24 Sethukollai - do - - do - - do - 45 164 161 325 25 T.S.Pettai - do - - do - - do - 63 167 170 337 26 Keelaperambai - do - - do - - do - 72 169 176 345 27 Rengantheru - do - - do - - do - 65 180 182 362 28 Radhavilagam - do - - do - - do - 70 151 166 317 29 U.C.Mangalam - do - - do - - do - 80 210 167 377 30 Kilinjal Colony - do - - do - - do - 42 148 156 304 List of old villages from DCA-CBDP / LHP 31 Iruvakkollai Nagapattinam Sirkali Kollidam 81 158 150 308 32 Kattur - do - - do - - do - 110 260 320 580 33 Subrayapuram - do - - do - - do - 86 212 218 430 34 Varisapattu - do - - do - - do - 115 225 218 443 35 K.P.S Nagar - do - - do - - do - 22 32 31 63 36 Kumaranatham - do - - do - - do - 78 118 125 243 37 Vembadi - do - - do - - do - 62 118 115 233 38 Vadi - do - - do - - do - 120 238 226 464 39 Cuddalore Cuddalore Kurich Thanoor 35 76 69 padi 145 Athinarayanapuram- 40 - do - - do - - do - 85 174 168 342 West Athinarayanapuram- 41 - do - - do - - do - 181 237 315 552 East 42 Thirthanagari - 1 - do - - do - - do - 75 135 146 281 43 Thirthanagari - 2 - do - - do - - do - 303 599 596 1195 44 Pallineerodai – North - do - - do - - do - 94 192 165 357 45 Pallineerodai - South - do - - do - - do - 64 156 140 296 Sub Total 2 Districts 3 Taluks 3 Blocks 4137 8891 8942 17833 List of Villages taken up for 2 nd year intervention 46 Kundumedu Cuddalore Chidambaram Parangipet 110 243 230 473 tai 47 Natarajapuram - do - - do - - do - 35 137 125 252 48 Kanagarapattu - do - - do - - do - 80 221 195 416 49 Vasapathur - do - - do - - do - 80 239 230 469 50 Pinnathur - do - - do - - do - 120 323 300 623 Pinathur (Mariamman 51 - do - - do - - do - 46 124 89 223 koil) 52 Sindhampalayam - do - - do - - do - 76 142 159 301 53 Karakattuchavadi - do - - do - - do - 50 156 155 311 54 Thaikal theru - do - - do - - do - 45 143 137 280 55 Kallimedu - do - - do - - do - 86 222 208 430 56 Kaval Maniyam Nagapattinam Sirkali Kollidam 96 304 176 480 IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 10

57 Vellamanal - do - - do - - do - 64 221 199 420 58 Ayyampet - do - - do - - do - 45 122 103 225 59 Mani Iruppu - do - - do - - do - 40 109 91 200 60 Sengamedu - do - - do - - do - 175 459 416 875 61 Anumanthapuram - do - - do - - do - 160 440 360 800 62 Thittu padugai - do - - do - - do - 65 200 125 325 63 Kothandapuram - do - - do - - do - 68 188 152 340 Achalpuram Keela 64 - do - - do - - do - 118 323 267 590 theru 65 Ichiladi Theru - do - - do - - do - 100 290 280 570 Sub Total 2 districts 2 taluks 2 blocks 1659 4606 3997 8603 List of Villages to be taken up for 3 rd year intervention 66 Manambadi Cuddalore Chidambaram Parangipet 40 120 85 205 67 Melachavadi Rayiladi - do - - do - - do - 60 190 125 315 68 Kumaramangalam - do - - do - - do - 150 395 350 745 69 Navapettai - do - - do - - do - 62 180 130 310 70 Seethalapadi - do - - do - - do - 125 395 230 625 71 Chidambaranathanpett 80 290 110 400 - do - - do - - do - ai 72 Kuchipalayam(North) - do - - do - - do - 75 250 125 375 73 Kozhipallam - do - - do - - do - 65 175 120 295 74 Manikavasal Nagapattinam Sirkali Kollidam 95 247 228 475 75 Thirugnanasambanda - do - - do - - do - 60 161 145 306 m 76 Kodakaramoolai - do - - do - - do - 90 228 233 461 77 Narimuduku - do - - do - - do - 80 208 192 400 78 P.Kaduvatti - do - - do - - do - 60 151 152 303 79 Pavattamedu - do - - do - - do - 70 182 170 352 80 Palayapalayam - do - - do - - do - 65 164 161 325 Sub Total 2 districts 2 taluks 2 blocks 1177 3336 2556 5892 Grand Total 2 districts 3 taluks 3 blocks 6973 16833 15495 32328

Criteria for selection of beneficiaries The targeted communities are among the most vulnerable, mostly deprived of their legitimate rights from the state and other actors. Unaware of their rights and entitlements, they are caught in the vicious cycle of illiteracy, poverty, malnutrition, alcoholism, indebtedness, lack of disaster preparedness and unemployment. All the proposed operational areas are spread across the coastal belt and are exposed to floods, cyclones and tsunami.

Erratic, excess or scanty rainfall, combined with lack of flood protection and irrigation facilities makes agriculture a risky venture for the landless poor farmers. The marginal land holders are unable to desalinate their agricultural land. They lack access to institutional credit facilities, alternative skills for income generation, and are ignorant of various government schemes. With no other livelihood options open to them the landless labourers and poor farmers either borrow money or migrate to neighbouring states in search of livelihoods. Thus the target groups are economically, geographically and socially vulnerable and live in structurally vulnerable and unstable houses.

Criteria for identifying new village/ community • Population living in vulnerable structures • Areas with unfavourable geographic location, vulnerable to water logging and floods. • Villages and households with poor sanitation and lack of portable water IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 11

• Households with low income / unsustainable income sources • Families with illiterate and are first generation learners. • Families in poor housing conditions, inadequate supply of safe water, poor sanitation habit, lack of awareness on environment. • There is no community infrastructure.

Criteria for selecting beneficiaries are • Widow, divorced & women headed families. • Families with children, elderly particularly those without care givers and differently able persons. • Dalits • Child headed families • Landless poor families The beneficiary selection procedure will be transparent and will be done in consultation with concerned authorities and village development committee. The local Panchayat will also be involved in selecting the beneficiaries especially for components like housing, toilet construction and livelihood support activities etc

Code of Conduct and Sphere Standard The Code of Conduct of International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Disaster relief will be adhered by the project. While implementing the project ACT guidelines on prevention of sexual abuse, corruption and gender will be followed throughout the project. Utmost priority will be given to attain the sphere minimum standards in all the project deliverables. The project staff will be adequately sensitized on all these code of conduct and standards.

VI. PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE AND IMPLEMENTATION

Goal The proposed project aims to “Reduce disaster and poverty related vulnerabilities through empowering the socially and economically marginalized people and develop an effective responsive capacity within the communities.”

Strategic objective The project’s strategic objective is to empower the vulnerable and the marginalised people and to increase disaster resilience of the communities.

Objectives 1. Set up community based disaster risk management support 2. Improve housing of families and community infrastructure 3. Reduce economic vulnerabilities and enhance quality of life through livelihood support 4. Mitigate environmental vulnerabilities and strengthen environmental protection 5. Reduce social vulnerabilities

Activities Related to objective 1: Set up Community Based Disaster Risk Management support Project introduction and establish rapport with community: Project staff will visit each of the 15 new communities and establish credible rapport with the people, community leaders, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) members and other community based organizations (CBOs) functioning in the villages.

Organise mass awareness sessions on Disaster Preparedness (DP): In the first two years of intervention the project, through mass awareness programmes was able to sensitize the communities on the importance and need for disaster preparedness. In the third year of intervention, the project plans to conduct mass awareness sessions in the new 15 communities to sensitize them on the importance and need for disaster preparedness. Developed Information Education Communication (IEC) material will be IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 12 distributed and information on DP will be disseminated. The project will identify the traditional coping mechanism in disasters, revamp the methods, and incorporate them in the CBDP plan.

Preparing the communities to create multipurpose maps though participatory rural appraisal (PRA) exercises; In the first and second year participatory rural appraisal tools were used in all the operational villages for vulnerability mapping. Multipurpose maps were developed to identify the vulnerabilities and plans were developed to make them disaster resilient communities. The developed PRA maps were displayed in public places; it enables community to identify the vulnerable areas and seasons, available resources, issues and safest places in the community. Since constant changes are happening in the community there is a need for periodical PRA mapping. Hence in the third year intervention, the project will be conducting PRA exercise in the 15 new communities only.

The project will facilitate the community to apply participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools to depict the village situations through various maps like seasonality maps, vulnerability maps, resource maps, etc to make them aware of their resources, vulnerability areas, hazards, etc. Mapping will be displayed in public places so that the entire village is well informed of the village situation. Mixed group of selected volunteers from the village including children will be trained on mapping and managing the people during the mapping exercise. A comparison with available secondary data (already collected from VAO, Anganwadi Worker, Agri Dept, and others) will be made. Final list will be prepared and displayed for public reference in a common place for seven days. After modification if any, the same will be submitted in the Grama Sabha for approval. Findings from the PRA will help to develop plans for reducing future vulnerability. All sections of the community- youth, the elderly, women and children will participate in the PRA exercise. PRA exercise will be executed in 15 villages and project will make the PRA exercise a process and periodical activities of the community.

Motivational training to community volunteers on DP: As a result of mass awareness programme many volunteers from the community came forward to form DMTs. In the first year of intervention the project was able to establish 30 DMTs by imparting motivational training on disaster preparedness to 1073 volunteers.

In the second year the project promoted 20 new DMTs with strength of 600 volunteers. In this third year, the project has plans to promote 15 DMTs in the new operational villages comprising of 600 volunteers. Training on CBDP will be imparted to the volunteers to enhance and develop their skills and capacities. Role and responsibilities, concept amplification on CBDP and strategy will be elaborately explained by LWSIT team during the course of the trainings. With capacitated knowledge, the volunteers will address the micro issues and facilitate the community to take part in CBDP. Exchange of volunteers from one community to another will gear up their knowledge and enable them to visualize the impacts of the programme. Volunteers will identify the active disaster management team’s taskforces in the community and motivate the DMT task force to take part in the CBDP. Forty (40) new volunteers from each villages of the new operational area will be motivated in various village level trainings.

Promotion and strengthening of VDC/VC: In the first year and second year the project utilized its competency to establish 65 VDC in the communities. Consequently new leaders were identified to take the lead in organising the unorganised communities. Periodical motivational trainings are required for sustainability and smooth functioning of these VDCs.

In the third year project has plans to promote 15 new VDCs comprising of traditional leaders, youths and women Self-Help Group (SHG) leaders in the new communities. The 65 VDC established in the first and second year will be further strengthened to take up leadership role in their respective communities.

Promote DMTs and train DMT members including mock drill: In the first and second year the project promoted 65 DMT’s in the operational communities. Task forces were formed and assigned to carry out activities to address problems arising during disasters. 2275 DMT task force members received necessary skills development training on warning dissemination, evacuation, search and rescue; water and sanitation; first aid and psychosocial care; shelter and relief management; networking and assessment and IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 13 other activities as per the community’s specific needs. In the third year the project plans to organize refresher trainings for the established DMTs to further enhance their skills on preparedness. New DMTs will be promoted in the 15 new villages as part of CBDP and periodical skill development trainings will be provided to the members. Periodical mock drills sessions will be organised to keep the task force active and prepared for any disaster.

Gaps identified in the old DMTs will be addressed and members of both old and new DMTs will be provided necessary skills development training on warning dissemination, evacuation, search, rescue; water and sanitation; first aid and psychosocial care; shelter and relief management; networking and assessment and other activities as per the community’s specific needs. Good health, good physique, good psychic, inclusion of disabled for certain task, preference to women, etc are some of the requirement for DMT members. Following selection of DMT members, based on their physique, interest, knowledge, task forces will be established. The number of DMT members will depend on the number of households in each community but, in general, each DMT will have 20 to 35 members. 500 new DMT members will receive the skill training during the project period. LWSIT staff members and outside resource persons will facilitate the training sessions. The trained task force will be responsible for assigned task during disaster.

The project proposes to provide refresher trainings to 2275 participants from the previous task forces established in the previous phase along with training to 500 new participants in the third year intervention. The total numbers of participants will thus be 2775. Responsibilities of each task force will remain the same as defined in the first proposal.

Prepare community based disaster risk management plan : All the operational villages of first and second year intervention have prepared contingency plans detailing all the practical aspects for facing future hazards. In third year, these communities will incorporate the changes that have taken place within the community into the contingency plan. Similarly the DMTs in the new communities will be guided to prepare contingency plans detailing all the practical aspects for facing future hazards. Project aims at preparing 15 new village level contingency plans during the project period which will be compared with government records and data to develop further plans for reducing future vulnerability. This disaster risk management plan will contain names of the task force members, their responsibilities and timelines before, during and after the hazard strikes the area. This document will also have the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) maps prepared by the community. To validate the contingency plans, Mock drills will be conducted. Based on the result obtained in the mock drills, necessary updates and changes will be made in the new plans.

Exposure and exchange visits of DMT/VDC: The trained DMT members will visit another affected community in other districts / states of India prone to similar disaster for exposure and exchange of ideas. Project will arrange exposure visits for 80 selected DMT team members from the operational area who will after returning share the learning with the other DMTs in their surrounding operational villages.

Train community leaders, members and Panchayat representatives: The proposal includes actions for advocacy with the local and state government institution for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) practices. The budget line “training community leaders, members and Panchayat representatives and networking with government and other extension agencies” is aimed at educating the local and state government on their responsibility in DRR practices. It will also emphasise the local and state government mandatory steps for DRR as per the recent disaster management act, 2005.

In the first and second year, project trained 174 leaders; members and Panchayat representatives as a result of which better relationship between the community and Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) members prevails. Such trainings are conducted to motivate the PRI members and community members and keep them abreast of the various changes in the global context. PRI members are the link between the community and the government. PRI members have poor knowledge about the social schemes of the government and community based development programme (CBDP) hence need to be educated. Project will provide training to PRI members on various social schemes of the state government, needs of CBDP, IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 14 role and responsibilities of PRI members in the CBDP with community leaders. A platform will be set up to share their ideas and best practices. PRI members will be motivated to take part in CBDP and contingency plan. Communities will be encouraged to observe different significant days and understand their relevance. Training and empowerment will establish strong rapport between the community and the PRI members and government officials. This will result in better implementation of government schemes and better communications. In the third year intervention four meetings will be arranged and the elected PRI representatives will receive training on aspects of disaster preparedness during the project period.

Establishment of early warning system and linkage with government: The project has plans to install early warning systems in 04 most vulnerable Panchayat which will have a net work with district administration and metrology departments and will be able to disseminate information as quick as possible. Early warning system will broadcast authentic information and news whereby enabling the community to prepare and move to safer place quickly. The district administration will be able to disseminate the appropriate warnings to the community.

Experience for the formation of school level DMTs and providing training on school safety measures on disasters reveal that children are the most vulnerable as they are not aware of the needs of the situation. The project identified the need to reduce the vulnerability of children. It will educate and train children on disaster risk reduction. Since home and schools are the safest place for children, parents and teachers will also be educated to prepare the children from the risk of disaster. The students and teachers were made aware of techniques of disaster preparedness through awareness programmes. Students being good recipients of knowledge will be trained in disaster preparedness at different levels. This programme will identify volunteers in the school and promote task forces in the school levels. 25 schools in project operational areas will be utilized to give awareness on disaster preparedness. Information Education Communication (IEC) materials will be distributed during the programme.

Formation and training school safety task forces and preparation of school safety plan preparation: School children selected as volunteers will form the safety taskforces and will be trained on school safety measures. Like DMT task forces, project will train the children in five concepts and school teachers will be made responsible to manage the task forces. A special module and work book will be prepared for the school children. In the third year project will establish children task forces in 25 schools and train them based on their assigned tasks. School safety plans will be prepared to these schools using the teachers and student volunteers. Mock drills will be conducted to validate the contingency plan and necessary modifications will be done according to the outcome of the drills.

Skills training on DP to disabled: Disable persons are the most vulnerable during any disaster. They are heavily dependent on others for rescue. A specialised approach will be adopted for the training of the disabled. The training aims at organising and empowering the disabled to establish their rights and utilize the facilities available in the government. In the third year intervention, the project will identify 240 differently able people from 80 working villages and train them on disaster preparedness.

Resource materials for community based disaster preparedness (CBDP): Various resource materials like manuals, work books for adult, coloring activity book for children, and guidelines for differently able people will be prepared and will be used for training and other education purposes. This will be supplied to the various sector of the community based on their need.

Documentation and sharing the best practices : The best practices from this project will be documented through various forms like CDs, short films, case studies, leaflets, booklets and other form of IEC materials and this will be disseminated with various stake holders. Best practices from this project will be replicated in the future programme and other projects too.

Objective 2: Construct Community Infrastructure Construct community infrastructures : Majority of the people in the low lying operation communities are living in unsafe traditional houses, with mud walls and thatched roof. Each year after the monsoon they spend considerable amounts to repair or reconstruct the houses. During flood and other emergencies IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 15 people are compelled to flee the village in search of safe shelter as they don’t have any common safe shelter within the community. Based on the identified need the project will construct two multipurpose emergency shelters. In the first and second year, 13 multipurpose community centres and other infrastructures like bathing ghat, water tank platform were provided to the communities. The constructed community infrastructures were handed over to VDC and local Panchayat for development and maintenance in future.

Construction of toilet : In the first and second year awareness programmes were carried out to sensitize the community on issues of health and sanitation to create a healthy environment. The project identified 422 vulnerable families in eight villages of Cuddalore and Nagapattinam and provided them with permanent low cost disaster resistant houses a total of 197 families were also supported with low cost family toilets. Women have been found to be most vulnerable during disasters. Against this backdrop the project will construct low cost toilets for all the 230 families who have been assisted with housing in the first two years of intervention to promote safe health and hygiene practices.

Promoting Rain water harvesting system: In order to ensure recharging of the ground water, the project in the second year intervention constructed 60 nos. rain water harvesting structures attached with 60 low cost housing. In the third year the project has plans to construct a rainwater harvest structure for 200 households.

Creation/ Renovation of water resource : Lack of portable drinking water is a serious problem in most of the operational villages. The crisis of drinking water is further aggravated during disaster. In the first and second year the project created safe water sources by installation of tube wells and repairing and renovation exciting wells in 30 villages. In the year three intervention, based on the need project proposes to provide safe drinking water, renovation of water sources, restoration of water bodies, building water tanks in 15 villages to ensure safe drinking water.

Organisational methodology: Experienced and qualified project staff and the village development committee are responsible for supervising, coordinating and overseeing the construction work. The project has a civil engineer who is assisted by one community organizer who is directly responsible for the construction work in the community. Trained masons will be engaged for constructing the community centre and toilets. The project procurement committee monitors the purchase of every material. All purchases are done after obtaining approval of the procurement committee. The project accounts officer is responsible for maintaining the stocks. Only quality certified materials are used for the construction. Community volunteer ensure participation of the community in this intervention. Above all, the project consults and involves local self government in the entire process. The UN construction guidelines and Sphere Standards are strictly followed.

Objective 3: enhance quality of life through livelihood support Strengthening of Self-Help Groups (SHG) Federation All the women 42 SHGs promoted and supported by the project will be motivated to establish federation according to their interest, available sources and in consideration to the geographical areas. This federation will provide individual autonomy and self sustainability to the SHG’s. The office bearers of the federation have started mobilizing the resources from various resource agencies. The project has plans to form one federation in each district (totally 02 federations) which will be registered under the societies registration act. Members will elect the officer bearers through annual election. The federation will be supported to start small scale industries in their area which will fetch additional income. The profits will be equally shared by the SHGs. Project will support the federation to determine their priorities and develop action plans. The federation will be motivated to do lobbying and advocacy on social issues especially on alcoholism.

Support for Self-Help Groups (SHG) Federation: SHG federation is an alliance of all SHG established by the project. This federation will provide individual autonomy and self reliability to the SHGs. The proposed two federations will be given assistance of INR 2.0 Lakhs each to initiate Group income generating projects (IGP) activity through the member SHGs. These federations will have individual IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 16 office setup. The main focus of this federation will be to empower the group and increase the group fund for better development.

Training on entrepreneurship development programme: In the third year, project will identify 100 potential individuals to enrich their knowledge of entrepreneur, encouraging for new alternate employment as well as to develop new entrepreneur. Training will be provided to them to select right business with market value. Two modules of training will be provided to those selected individuals to select appropriate entrepreneur and to upgrade their skill on it. Based on the investment needed, the beneficiaries will be linked to various sources of financial assistances.

IG support to VDCs / SHGs / youth groups / DMTs : In the first and second year, the project supported 107 groups with income generation schemes like coir making unit, petty shop, rental vessels, goat rearing etc for sustainability and income generation. The main objective of the programme was to make the CBOs self reliant. Successful ventures will be replicable in the new areas of intervention. In the third year, project will identify and support the existing weaker CBOs and as well as new CBOs for their sustainability and economic growth. The project will support economic activities like raising nursery, printing, renting audio video equipment, renting cooking vessels to link it with disaster preparedness. Incomes from the activities will be used for community development activities. 30 Community Based Organisations (CBOs) will benefit from this support.

Families assisted with livelihood: 277 most vulnerable families were supported with locally viable alternative livelihood schemes to improve their economic situation. All the supported families are able to generate additional income from the livelihood programmes. However, there are still many more resource poor families who need to be supported with livelihood schemes to provide steady income for their families. Apart from the SHG’s /VDC’s/DMT’s, individual vulnerable person like disabled, old aged, widows and families with differently challenged dependents will be assisted to start income generation. In consultation with the village development committee, 150 such families will be assisted for livelihood like backyard poultry farming, livestock assistance, and other small business.

Support for backyard poultry farming to women headed families : Since time immemorial backyard poultry farming has played an important role to meet the domestic as well as socio-cultural needs of the rural people. Backyard Poultry Farming (BYPF) plays a significant role in rural people's life. Village poultry, in addition to cash income, have nutritional, cultural and social values. The project plans to support resource poor and women headed families with 10 birds of local. Extension programmes in BYPF for the beneficiaries on feeding, breeding and management practice will enable them to become more knowledgeable and skilful about the new technologies as well as the recommended practices and can maximize the productivity and consequently the income. They can use the eggs for domestic consumption and sell the surplus.

Assistance of livestock to resource poor families : Livestock rearing is a key livelihood and risk mitigation strategy for small and marginal farmers, particularly across the rain-fed regions of India. Livestock rearing at the household level is largely a women-led activity, and therefore income from livestock rearing and decisions related to management of livestock within the household are primarily taken by women. Interventions in India have demonstrated that support for livestock rearing has contributed significantly to the empowerment of women and an increasing role in decision making at both the household and village level. Hence, the project has plans to support resource poor women headed families with 5 goats which can make important contributions to food security and poverty reduction.

Strengthening of farmer group: In the first year the project promoted sustainable agricultural practices and supported 610 marginal families with agricultural seeds and implements. Services of government agriculture extension agencies and officials were used to organize training programs for 112 farmers. Objective of the training was to disseminate the information on the changes in agricultural practices and educate them on ways to manage their small farms, improve the fertility of the soils, to conserve water, to improve the quality of land and soils, and to use more organic manure.

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 17

In the year two intervention the project supported another 150 poor marginal farmers with agriculture inputs in the form of seeds and agriculture implements. Seventy of the most vulnerable families has been supported with locally viable alternative livelihood schemes to improve their economic situation. Necessary training has been organised for 100 families in implementation of the agricultural and non- farm livelihood schemes, such as vermin compost, livestock, lime production, bricks making, etc.

In the third year, nine new farmer groups will be formed along with the existing 11 farmer groups. The 20 farmer groups will be linked with government schemes to utilise the facilities provided for farmers. These groups will be trained in organic farming and eco friendly agricultural practices. Linkage with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) will be established to raise their voice for fulfilling their agricultural needs.

Training on agriculture livelihood: Trainings in four modules will be conducted for 200 interested participants in organic farming using organic pesticides, bio fertilizers and soil management. Latest technologies in the field of organic farming will be introduced. Through training farmer will get knowledge on producing sustainable food using bio fertilizers. Organic farming improves fertility resulting in increased yields.

Exposure visit to agri group: The members from the farmer groups will be taken for an exposure visit to other existing farmer groups who are all actively implementing organic farming in various parts. Four farmers from each of 20 farmer groups will be selected and they will be exposed to various organic farming techniques. The farmers will be expected to share and exchange their knowledge and ideas.

Exposure visit for Self-Help Groups (SHG) on Income Generation (IG) activity : Interested and potential SHGs will be selected and they will be exposed to different IG units which were run by SHGs to gain experience and knowledge on IG activity and business management. This exchange visit will be focused on exchange knowledge and different ideas to promote better income source for their group and Individuals. Four members will be selected from 30 proposed IG groups and a total of 120 members will benefit through this exposure visit.

Career upgrading / Vocational training to deserving youth : In the first and second year based on identified needs of the target communities, vocational training such as carpentry, computer education, embroidery, tailoring, and four wheel driving, mechanics was provided for 320 youth in various ventures. 60% of the trained youth are employed and are fetching income for their families. In year three the project will provide vocational training to 100 interested and needy youths. The project will also target girls and boys in upgrading their qualifications through distance learning and other modes of higher education. Preference will be given for government recognised training programmes.

Objective 4: Mitigate environmental vulnerability / or strengthen environmental protection Bio gas production with new technology: To facilitate the community to utilise the available energy sources and to minimise the family expenditure towards fuel, a bio gas plant will be installed to extract bio gas for households fuel needs. 20 cow rearing families from our operational villages will be identified in the third year and a bio gas plant will be installed for them.

Nursery raising of indigenous plants/trees: Nature has provided biological mechanisms for protecting coastal communities from the fury of cyclones, coastal storms, tidal waves and tsunamis. Mangrove forests constitute one such mechanism for safeguarding concurrently the ecological security of the coastal areas and the livelihood security of fisher and farm families living in the coastal zone. In addition to mangroves, there are many other tree species, which can constitute valuable components of coastal shelterbelts. All such species confer local economic and ecological benefits.

As an effective measure to strengthen the ecological foundations of the coastal area 30 Self-Help Groups (SHGs) especially women will be supported to raise nursery of indigenous and fodder plants which can grow near the sea. These will serve as speed-breakers under conditions of coastal storms, cyclones and tsunami. They will in addition serve as carbon sinks, since they will help to enhance carbon sequestration IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 18 and thereby contribute to reducing the growing imbalance between carbon emissions and absorptions. Mangroves also promote sustainable fisheries by releasing nutrients and acting as nursery ground for juveniles of commercially important species of fish, crabs and prawns.

Dust bins in all operational communities: To promote hygienic practices the project plans to provide dust bins in all the operational communities where families can deposit their domestic wastes. On a pilot basis 100 families will be provided with two dust bins where they can deposit degradable and non degradable waste separately. The degradable waste can be deposited in the vermi compost pit for forming organic manure. Besides five big dust bins made of RCC rings will be provided in each of the 80 communities where the entire village can dump their waste.

Support to families for organic manure production. 200 families from the target communities will be assisted to practice organic manure production like vermi composting. Vermi compost is rich in all essential plant nutrients. Based on excellent effect on overall plant growth and encourages the growth of new shoots / leaves and improves the quality and shelf life of the produce. It improves soil structure, texture, aeration, and water holding capacity and prevents soil erosion. It also neutralizes the soil protection and minimizes the incidence of pest and diseases besides enhancing the decomposition of organic matter in soil.

Avenue plantation: The operational communities being located in highly environmentally challenged areas susceptible to frequent occurrence of flood, project carried out intensive programs on creating awareness on sustainable environment.

Trees are integral part of human existence. Hence sapling plantation ought to be an integral part of protecting the environment. The project plans to promote community tree plantations in the third year of intervention. The project will take up awareness programs on protection of the environment. Awareness on preservation of existing water sources and use of surface water will be stressed. The project will take conscious steps to encourage activities related to rain water harvesting. In the third year 25 shadow trees will be planted in 80 operational villages and this will be maintained through VDCs. Permanent fencing will be provided to tree plantation.

Community plantation: In the third year, common land in the villages will be identified and this land will be fenced. This land will be used for common community plantations. Fencing will be provided and threes of economic benefit to their community will be planted. The plantations will be maintained by Village Development Committees and/or Self-Help Groups (VDC / SHG) and the revenue generated through this intervention will be utilised for a common fund. The community will be sensitised through this activity that conserving nature is their own responsibility. 30 villages will be targeted in the third year. The SHGs in and around the villages will be trained to raise nurseries as income generation (IG) activities. The saplings for the tree planting under this project will be procured from them.

Plantation for individual families: To encourage every family to utilise unused backyard and domestic waste water to promote fresh nutritious vegetables and to improve family health, in the third year, individual family plantations will be encouraged. Families can save their expenditure towards procuring vegetable and fruits. 4000 economical vegetable and fruit plants will be provided to 4000 families from our 80 working villages. The SHGs in and around the villages will be trained to raise trees in nurseries as their income generation (IG) activities.

Objective 5: reduce social vulnerabilities Legal awareness to excluded families: In the first and second year the project organised a legal support programme with free legal aid counselling. 518 families benefited from the program. In year three intervention, workshops on laws to promote basic rights will be organised for excluded families as most of the families are not aware of their rights and Indian laws. In the third year, the project will facilitate families who are excluded in the 80 villages to legally claim land to have legal security. In the third year, awareness programmes through various modes will be organised for the 80 working villages focused on these issues. IEC materials will be distributed as part of the programme. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 19

The project will organize awareness programmes on women rights, dalit rights and human rights. Emphasis will be given to the right to information Act to enhance advocacy and lobbying. People will be made aware of different government schemes from which they can benefit.

Training on different government schemes: During the past interventions, it was found that the majority of the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) members and community members were not aware of various government schemes and their roles and responsibilities. Because of their ignorance they were exploited and dominated by various officials. In order to make them aware of the different functions of the PRI, and other schemes. The project has plans to organize two training programmes on various government schemes focusing on the PRI system and Act for community leaders and elected Panchayat leaders especially in the new communities. In the trainings, more focus will be given to the role of community and PRI members during disasters. This programme will be mainly focus on the newly selected 15 villages. Two members from each proposed villages will be attending the training programme. The Panchayat leaders from these villages will be exposed to various schemes through this training.

Awareness and linkage facilities for livestock and human insurance programme : To minimise the risk of losing the property and lives, the community members will be sensitized on various government schemes for insuring their lives and livestock. Each family in our operational villages will be expected to ensure that they and their livestock got insured. 20 awareness programmes will be conducted in the third year by clubbing nearby villages.

Health camp for livestock: Health camp for the livestock will be arranged in operational villages in collaboration with local government and private veterinarians. The main aim of this is to prevent the possible diseases and to build a proper communication bridge between the community and the local nearby veterinarians to minimise the seasonal diseases.

Establishing non formal education centres: Education is the prerequisite for development. However, in the operational Dalit communities, it has been found that children are not getting proper education in rural schools and their illiterate parents are also not able to guide them. As a result children are losing interest in continuing studies which is leading to increased dropout. The non formal education centre will bridge the gap, encourage and guide the students to continue education in schools. Besides adult and elderly illiterate women can be introduced to the basics of education. Non formal education centres and community study centres will be set up for promoting literacy. Literate local youth are trained to operate and manage non-formal education centres under the supervision of community based organizations (CBOs) and self-help groups (SHGs). In the second year 39 non-formal educations Centres (NFE) where established and in the third year it is proposed to establish 15 new centres in the needy villages to help / guide the children to continue education.

Educational support to school children: In the first and second year the project provided educational support to 3856 children from Dalit families. In the Third year, the project will provide educational materials for 1890 at 35 students from 54 non-formal education (NFE) centres school going children from the economically downtrodden families. This will help to encourage and motivate the students to attend the school regularly. The focus will be given to the students from our NFE centres.

Awareness on water and sanitation facilities: Water is essential for life. With growing environment degradation, water needs to be used judiciously. During summer season, water scarcity is a big challenge and a serious issue in the project operational areas. Most of the diseases reported are water borne diseases which are more aggressive during disaster. In the third year, with coordination of local Primary Health Centre (PHC), awareness on safe drinking water, water borne diseases and toilet usage will be organised. This will be done through puppet shows, video shows. Competitions on water and sanitation will be conducted in the 15 newly proposed operational villages and 10 needy existing villages.

Awareness campaign on organic farming: Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system that promotes the health of the agro-ecosystem related to biodiversity, nutrient biological cycles, IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 20 soil microbial and biochemical activity. Hence awareness on organic farming will be organised in the 15 new communities to make them aware that manure made from cattle dung, excreta of other animals, rural and urban composts, other animal wastes, crop residues and green manures are useful in improving the fertility and productivity of soils.

Awareness on reproductive and child health (RCH9) / maternal and child health (MCH): Awareness programmes are effective tool to disseminate information and bring about behavioural changes. To target women in the community, it is proposed to conduct awareness programmes on Reproductive and Child Health (RCH ) and Maternal and Child Health (MCH). In the third year, 20 awareness programmes on RCH and MCH will be carried out to sensitize the women in the community on issues of self and child care to create a healthy environment. In order to bring behavioural change in their habit, this activity will be carried out through various modes like video shows, puppet shows, folk media and other mass communication methods. During the campaign, information, education and communication (IEC) materials will be distributed to disseminate the information on RCH and MCH issues.

Awareness and demonstration on nutritious food intake: To improve the health of the community people by providing healthy intake of daily food, the project proposes to create awareness and demonstration on healthy food practices and nutritious intake. This will help the community to consume balanced diet which prevents major health problem and deficiencies. In the third year, it is proposed to conduct the awareness programme and demonstration in 20 centres clubbing nearby villages.

Awareness on adolescent issues: Awareness and sensitizing the adolescent on different issues will be focused in the third year. The targeted youth will be sensitized in various aspects like personal hygiene, personality development. Stress management and other issues. Through this activity, the teenagers will become well aware of different adolescent issues and capable of facing different situations. 20 such programmes will be arranged in the third year of intervention by bringing together adolescents from nearby villages.

Sl. Objective/ Activity Output No. Objective 1: Community Based Disaster Management • 15 new additional feasible villages will be selected 1 Project introduction and rapport building for new interventions. • In all the new villages 15 awareness programs organised. Created the better understanding on 2 Organise mass awareness sessions on DP basic concept of disaster and build rapport between community and Organization. • Selected new 15 villages PRA exercises will be 3 Conduct PRA exercise conducted and also the community people identified the hazard, vulnerabilities of the village Promotion of Village Development • In all the 15 new village the VDC (Village 4 Committees (VDC) Development Committees) will be formed Motivation training to community volunteers • 600 volunteers from 15 new villages will be trained 5 on DP and ready to form DMT within the community • In all the 15 villages the DMT (Disaster mitigation Promotion and strengthening of Disaster 6 Team) will be formed and the team will work for Mitigation Teams (DMT) the community during emergency periods. • 600 participants of DMT task force members are trained on warning, search and rescue, first aid and Skills training to DMT members 7 psychosocial care, water and sanitation, networking and coordination. • Previous DMTs are revitalized and motivated. 8 Refresher skills training to DMT members 2775 people from 80 villages have benefited by from refresher training Community preparedness plan introduction/ • Mock drill demonstration are undertaken in all the 9 Mock Drill 15 new operational villages IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 21

• The DMTs will have rectified the errors and built confidence among the community • All the 15 new operational villages have prepared Prepare community based disaster risk community based disaster risk management plan 10 management plans (CCP) documents

Exposure and exchange visits of Disaster • 80 DMTs members have learnt best practices of 11 Mitigation Teams (DMT) CBDP. • Rapport created between community and Net working with Government through 12 government and will get coordination during training to PRI members on DP emergency period Establishment of early warning system and • 4 panchayat acquainted with communication 13 linkage with government system. Formation of school level DMT and providing • Established DMT task force for schools in 25 14 training on school safety measure schools • Mock drill demonstrations have been undertaken in all the 25 Schools 15 School safety plan preparation and Mock Drill • The DMTs will have rectified the errors and created confidence among the students with disaster management plan (CCP) Skills training to the disabled on Disaster • Vulnerable 240 disabled are empowered to face the 16 Preparedness (DP) disaster Resource Material for community based • Resource material for various aspects on CBDP 17 disaster preparedness (CBDP) will be prepared and used as IEC • Best practices will be documented and shared with 18 Documentation and sharing the best practices various stake holders. Objective 2: Improve housing • Up to 230 individual toilets provided to proposed 19 Construction of family toilets and previous houses Construct community centres and other • Up to 4 community infrastructures provided to 4 20 community infrastructures vulnerable villages • 30 safe water sources created in our operational 21 Creation / Renovation of water resource villages • Up to 200 attached rain water harvesting system 22 Promoting rain water harvesting system provided to proposed houses Objective 3: Livelihood Strengthening of Self-Help Groups (SHG) • The Federation functions independently with 23 Federation Government Registration • 100 poor jobless people get employment • Two district level federation involved in IG activity 24 Supported to SHG Federations for Livelihood • Improved economical status • Involvement in social activities • 100 people initiate IGP activities with local 25 Training on EDP resource • 30 VDCs / SHGs /Youth groups /DMTs are 26 Support to VDC/SHG/Youth Group/DMT assisted to generate community and income sources funds. Family assistance with livelihood support • 150 Vulnerable people will be assisted and their 27 special focus on marginalised community economic status improved • 11 farmers groups will be formed and 9 existing 28 Promotion and strengthening of farmers group group will be strengthened 29 Training on agricultural livelihood • 200 Farmers have been trained on organic form • 80 Farmers have learnt best practices on organic 30 Exposure visit of agriculture group farming. Exposure visit for SHG on income generation 31 • 120 SHG have learnt best practices on IG activity (IG) activity IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 22

Career up gradation / vocational training to • 200 village youth are trained in computer 32 youth education, tailoring and driving Objective 4: Mitigate environmental vulnerabilities 33 Bio gas production with new technology • 10 beneficiaries initiated bio gas plant • 30 SHGs will be supported to raise nursery of 34 Nursery raising of indigenous plants/trees indigenous plants • all 80 operational communities will be provided 35 Dust bins in all operational communities with dust bins Support to families for organic manure 36 • 200 families will be support production 37 Avenue plantation • 2000 Saplings are planted in community streets Community plantations • 30 communities are assisted with saplings and 38 fencing. 39 Plantation for individual family • 4000 families supported with traditional trees Objective 5: reduce social vulnerability • 120 people are aware on legal aspects of 40 Legal awareness and excluded families landownership • In all the 15 new villages people will be trained on 41 Training on different government schemes government schemes Awareness and linkage facilities for livestock • 20 program organized and rapport built with 42 and human insurance program government and private insurance companies. • 20 program organised and rapport built with 43 Health camp for live stock government veterinary hospital • Minimize the dropouts and motivate students to 44 NFE Centre continue school education in 15 centres in new operational villages 45 Educational support • 1890 children have benefited • 15 new communities will be made aware of the 46 Awareness sessions on organic farming benefits of organic farming • 25 Awareness programs on water & sanitation 47 Awareness sessions on water & sanitation organised 48 Awareness on RCH/MCH • Conducted 4 common programs Awareness and demonstration on nutritious 49 • 20 programs organised in operational villages food intake • 20 programs are organised for boys and girls with 50 Awareness on adolescent issues local government hospital resource persons

Project implementation methodology Project implementation design and strategies 1. Induction/ Orientation to project team 2. Interface and association with village Panchayat and community 3. Sensitization of general community, traditional leaders, CBOs and Panchayat bodies, etc. 4. Participatory community planning process 5. Orientation and capacity building to the target people, specially to the vulnerable handicapped, widows and special groups 6. Contingency plan Preparation 7. Mock drills 8. Networking block level coordination 9. Interface with the district administration 10. Process documentation and dissemination.

Process Working with communities demand a series of process to be followed. The list of the process adopted for the project period is listed below: • Studying and assessing the survivor’s needs. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 23

• Prioritizing the needs. • Planning with community. • Identifying the key person. • Mobilizing the target group of beneficiaries. • Resource mobilization. • Planning with the participation of target group. • Carrying out the planned task. • Reviewing of activities carried out. • Monitoring the activities.

The project will be implemented with participation of the community. Project is planned and designed in a systematic and scientific manner. The complete design will be explained and planned with the community. Project will prompt communities to have long-term sustainability, in the following: • Mobilizing local resources like men and materials. • Referral services to government and NGOs. • Enabling the self-help groups to support the programmes • Mobilizing support from corporate sectors • Motivating the community based organizations to handle the programmes. • Advocacy and lobbying with community. • Stimulating the youth to assist the project

Project Principles The project will be community based and strengthen the ownership of community groups and institutions. To be effective, it will cooperate with the local government and build strong links with regional and district authorities. Since it is a follow-on appeal of the ASRE51 Tsunami, it will focus both on humanitarian aid and development aspects.

Community based: The project considers the community organizations as the primary agents of change. Therefore attempts will always be made to implement all activities through these community organizations such as VDCs/DMCs, DMTs, SHGs, youth groups and occupational groups such as those of farmers clubs, etc. From inception, the project will motivate people to develop their own support systems, build organizational capacity and work collectively to address the problems of their communities. VDCs/DMCs will coordinate disaster management related activities as well.

Disaster Management Taskforces (DMT) will work under the guidance of VDC/DMC, who will have the responsibility of establishing links with external resource agencies. The project will facilitate the process of linking the village level institutions with banks and other financial institutions. Thrift and credit, individual and community savings will be encouraged as part of future preparedness. Through alliance building and networking the project will try to ensure that the village level institutions are recognized as the primary actors for reducing disaster related vulnerabilities.

Empowerment : The project will work to empower communities, strengthen community organisations such as Village Development Committees (VDC)/ Disaster Management Committees (DMCs), Disaster Management Taskforces (DMT), Self Help Groups (SHG), Youth groups, etc. In many of the targeted communities some sort of village committee or traditional leadership exists. The project will always try to build on those existing structures. Enabling conditions will be created for these groups and institutions to take over and manage the community based disaster risk reduction initiatives.

This approach will help to enable the communities to carry forward all LWSIT’s efforts after its withdrawal at the end of the third year. VDC’s are trained and supported to enable the DMT members to perform their responsibilities. The project will organize necessary skills development training sessions on warning dissemination, evacuation, search, rescue; water and sanitation; First Aid and psychosocial care; shelter and relief management; networking and assessment and other activities as per the community’s specific needs. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 24

Refresher training on leadership development, accounts maintenance, information on the different government social security schemes will be effected to make the DMT members empowered and confident to becoming an effective transparent institution in the village after LWSIT’s exit.

To strengthen and create opportunities for livelihood the project will promote SHGs, feasible agriculture activities and viable income generation schemes. DMTs, youth groups, SHGs will also be encouraged to take up viable income generation schemes.

Cooperation with local government : The project will target the duty bearers and try to motivate them to address the problems such as poverty and issues of livelihood. The project will maintain good working relations with government officials at district and block levels. The project will organize awareness programs and trainings for the duty bearers.

Linking Disaster to Development: Disaster management will be linked with other programs designed to improve the quality of life of local communities. The approach recognises human dignity, traditional coping mechanism, local wisdom and community capability to deal with disasters. The project targets the most disadvantaged groups but has elements in place to motivate the advantaged in the community to help the vulnerable groups and strengthen their capacities. The project will adhere to the principles of humanitarian aid of ACT and will assist the communities on the basis of need, irrespective of the affiliation to faith, colour and sex.

Fighting HIV/ AIDS : The HIV/AIDS prevalence being high in Tamil Nadu, the project will try to educate the communities on the risks of HIV/AIDS through mass awareness programmes and trainings. Community Health, Educational and environmental issues will be addressed through appropriate support mechanism.

Inputs for project implementation Project inputs will be in the form of training and awareness to build leadership capacities in the communities and promote self-sustaining community institutions. Training and awareness will also focus on building awareness, strengthening the knowledge base and changing attitudes and practices. “Knowledge is preparedness”- working on this principle, the project will try to make communities aware of their vulnerabilities. Communities will be guided to explore their strengths in fighting disasters in the future. Skills development training will be organised for DMT members. Community leaders, SHG members, PRI members, youth etc. will also be given different training.

Sl no Human and Material Resources No 1 Unit manager 1 2 Project Officer – M&E 1 3 Accounts & Stores Officer 1 4 Zonal Coordinators 3 5 Technical officer 1 6 Documentation officer 1 7 Community Organiser 9 8 Community Organiser – Construction & Supervision 2 9 Driver 1 Sl no Human and Material Resources No 1 Volunteers 10 2 Animators cum NFE teachers 54 3 Two wheeler* 14 4 Four Wheeler * 1

The project will continue to use the two wheelers and four wheelers, procured under ASRE51, for which repair and maintenance costs are considered in the budget of this project.

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 25

Planning assumptions, constraints and prioritisation • Communities understand and accept the need for disaster preparedness and are prepared to work collectively and participate in the project. • LWSIT continues to have the necessary permission from the government of India to operate in the country. • Transition to local arrangements and the consequent change in the management of the project does not affect funding and the quality of the program. • Repeated natural calamities do not affect the continuity and sustainability of the project. • Bureaucratic systems in government make delay in getting approval for certain activities. • LWSIT receives the necessary support from Government of Tamil Nadu and concerned district officials. • Construction material and other project inputs price hike. Constraints • India continues to be identified as a priority country for development aid by resource partners and their back donors and lack of funding does not pose a threat to the continuity of the project. • Government has come out with very specific and narrow minded policies. • Poor co-ordination from the government in the implementation of schemes. • Inference of local politicians in implementation of programmes. • Expectation of the people is higher than the project capacity • Continued economic recession pose a threat for getting the appeal target money. • Variation in US dollar conversation rates • Constrains to get allocated the land for construction

Implementation Timetable The activities in this proposal are scheduled for a period of one year. This is the third part of a 3-year project which starts from 1 October 2010 and will be end of the third year in 30 September 2011.

Transition and Exit strategy Future Collaboration : The project will work in the communities for a period of three years by the end of which it is expected that self sustaining VDCs/DMCs, DMTs would assume responsibilities for taking forward the initiatives. Right from the inception, conditions are created for the VDCs/DMCs to progressively assume responsibilities for disaster preparedness and development interventions. As the involvement of VDC/DMC grows, there would be a corresponding decrease in the project’s direct involvement in community based actions.

The project will work with the VDCs/DMCs which will coordinate all activities in the community including those of the DMT and other village level bodies. The project will assist VDCs/DMCs to raise resources from government and other resource partners. VDCs/DMCs, SHGs and DMTs will be linked to departments of state and local government bodies and other institutions under the Panchayat Raj System to help them take the initiative forward. The SHGs will be come under one platform like SHG federation.

All the activities proposed are aimed at helping the individuals, families and communities to improve the quality of life and mitigating the negative impact of hazards and reduce the risk of disaster. Through LWSIT continuous accompaniments over a period of 3 years, the communities will be enabled to sustain the community initiatives and guide the neighbouring communities. The project has not ruled out the possibility of taking up further development initiatives after the proposed project period.

Sustainability The project offers the communities the opportunities to come together and work collectively to address common problems. Human resource and financial resource are the key factors influencing sustainability of VDC/DMC, DMT and SHGs. To develop the human resource the project will train community leaders and help them work according to democratic norms ensuring transparency and accountability to the communities. Rotation of leadership and formation of second line leadership will be introduced. Networking will be established among the village level institutions and government departments. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 26

For financial sustainability, the project will encourage the VDCs/DMCs, DMTs, SHGs and youth groups to create their own funds through members’ subscription, savings etc. The project will facilitate linkage among the SHGs and financial institutions, so that they can access credit facilities. Feasible income generation ventures will also be supported.

Therefore, for financial sustainability, LWSIT will: a) Encourage the target group to collect subscriptions, deposit small savings, borrow and repay loans with interest and invest money in productive schemes. b) Invite banks and other partners to support micro-credit functions. c) Support selected needy families with agricultural assistance and locally viable income generation schemes; the value of such assistance will be repaid to the community and or group funds.

Experience shows that some groups do not survive, mainly because of poor leadership, caste factors among others. The project’s method of organising and training will minimize this risk.

Implementation plan: The following activities are planned in the third year (2010 October – 2011 September). Each quarter wise implementation plan is given below.

Major and broad activities Months 3rd year Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Project introduction and rapport building X Organise mass awareness sessions on DP X Conduct PRA exercise X Train community volunteers on DP X Skill Training to DMT members X X Refresh training to DMT Members X X X Promote DMTs and train (including mock drill) DMT members X X Prepare community based disaster risk management plans X X Establishment of Early warning system X Formation of School level DMTs and Training X X X X School Safety plan preparation and Mock Drill X X Skill Training to disabled X X Construct houses for selected dalit/ marginalised families X X Construction of Family Toilets X X X Construct community centres cum disaster shelters and other community X X infrastructures Develop water and Sanitation facilities X X X Support to VDC/DMT/SHG/Youth Group X X X X Network with government through training to PRI members X NFE centre X X X X Carrier guidance / vocational training to deserving youth X X X Medical camp for Livestock and human X X Plantation for Avenue, Individual, Community plantation X X X Exposure visit for SHGs and Farmer Groups X X Observation of Significant Days (OSD) X X X X Awareness on Water and sanitation, Alcoholism, RCH, Adolescent, Nutrition X X X food intake

IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 27

VII. PROJECT ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE

The overall financial management and program coordination and control will be with the LWSIT Head office.

At the project level, the Project Coordinator will have the overall responsibility for project development, management in consultation with the Program Manager at Headquarters and budget control of the project activities and coordination with support from other staff members. In consultation with Head office, the coordinator is also responsible for project implementation, financial, material and personnel management as well as for liaison with local government officials.

The village plans emerge out of the discussions with community members, representative bodies and groups. Village groups discuss plans with project staff responsible for the particular village. Technical resource personnel from the project units participate in assessing the viability and feasibility of the schemes. The project units compile the village plans, study the financial implications and allocate funds. The annual action plan and budget for each unit is submitted to the head office, where program development personnel review the plans and budgets and provide feedback. In case of major changes or revision, the plans are amended in consultation with the villagers.

The Disaster Risk Management and Disaster Preparedness unit from the Head office guides and assists the project. The primary data generated and consolidated at the field level is used by the Head office Unit for overall monitoring and review redesign of plans and activities and for assessing the impact of the programme.

Project Implementation period and budget utilization plan : Depending on the forthcoming funds in response to this appeal, hard-ware activities will be implemented on the basis of priority. Initially the staff, who were working under ASIN 82 first year project and who are currently available are being retained to work with the old and new communities. After thorough assessment of the needs, the project will prioritize the community needs mainly software assistance with the funds already assured.

As and when more assurance of funds is forthcoming, the project plans to take up hardware items such as community infrastructures including individual housing. In order to ensure sustainability and impact on the soft-ware support for community and individual families, including community capacity building for preparing them disaster resilient.

VIII. MONITORING, REPORTING AND EVALUATION

Monitoring: Qualitative and quantitative achievements of the project will be regularly monitored by the Program Coordinator at Headquarters through field visits in consultation with the Director. The Project Coordinator will coordinate and supervise the activities of the frontline staff to ensure that all the committed activities are carried out according to plan. In addition, monitoring will be carried out by the Head Office staff through periodical visits and interaction with project staff and communities.

The design of the monitoring system reflects the participatory bottom-up planning and implementation strategy, which ensures that the ownership of all activities remains in the hands of the communities.

At the village level, the village and community representatives monitor the progress of various activities on a day-to-day basis. Project personnel, the community organisers and volunteers posted in villages, interact with the communities and representatives of VDCs/DMCs, DMTs to monitor the work on a regular basis.

At the project level, project management along with the frontline staff monitors progress on a day to day basis, analyse the progress of activities in the light of the agreed targets and indicators for the programme IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 28 objectives. Reporting on output targets will be done quarterly and impact indicators annually. The Programme unit staff from Head office will conduct periodical review of the project developments, visit the project fields and discusses progress with project management and frontline staff and monitor the development through field visits in order to ensure that problems are addressed, and experience utilized in the overall programme development. The project welcomes any expert advice from the resource partners during their planned visits to the project.

At the organizational level, external and internal audit and internal evaluation will be conducted during the project period.

LWSIT will submit the following project progress reports to the ACT Secretariat: • Interim narrative and financial report, due on 30 April 2011 • Final narrative and financial report, due on 30 November 2011 • Audit report, due on 31 December 2011

Audit and Evaluation The project activities and financial transactions will undergo an audit every year, as part of LWSIT annual audit. The external auditors will conduct field visits to verify the activities and records. At the end of the project, the cumulative financial statement will also be audited. The project activities will be reviewed periodically and based on the findings, necessary revision restructuring will be considered if required.

IX. COORDINATION

All the project activities in the Tsunami areas are carried out in consultation and co-ordination with the district level government authorities. This new project will also follow the same. The project will actively take part in the coordination mechanism initiated among the concerned line departments of the government and the district level coordination cell in relation to the proposed activities.

Other ACT implementing members in the area namely CASA and UELCI are consulted while finalising the proposed villages under this new appeal project. The coordination mechanism will continue to be encouraged at different levels. In addition to ACT India members’ coordination, the project will take active part in other Inter Agency Groups at district, state and national level, which include coordination between the government and Non Government Organisations. IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 29

X. Budget

Income USD Church of Sweden Carry over from IND093 82,114 Church of Sweden 26,000 Total Income 108,114

Description Unit No.of Unit INR total USD Units cost Total DIRECT ASSISTANCE COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT Mass awareness sessions on Disaster Preparedness (DP) Number 15 500 7,500 167 PRA exercises Number 15 1,000 15,000 333 Motivational training to community volunteers on DP participants 600 50 30,000 667 Promotion of VDCs/VCs Number 15 500 7,500 167 Promotion & Strengthening DMTs Number 15 500 7,500 167 Skills training to DMT task force members participants 500 250 125,000 2,778 Refresher Training to DMT task force members @ 35 participants 2775 150 416,250 9,250 members per village Community Preparedness Plan introduction / Mock drill Number 15 2,500 37,500 833 Community Contingency Plan document preparation Number 15 1,000 15,000 333 Exposure and exchange visits of DMT participants 80 5,000 400,000 8,889 Training on DP to PRI members Panchayat leader,etc Meeting 4 5,000 20,000 444 Establishment of Early warning system and linkage with Number 4 80,000 320,000 7,111 government Formation of school level DMTs and providing training on Number 25 2,000 50,000 1,111 school safety measures School safety plan preparation and mock drill Number 25 5,000 125,000 2,778 Skill training to Disable on DP participants 240 500 120,000 2,667 Resource material for CBDP LS 200,000 200,000 4,444 Documentation and Sharing the best practices LS 200,000 200,000 4,444 Sub-total 2,096,250 46,583 INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT Construction of family toilets Number 220 7,000 1,540,000 34,222 Construction of Multi-purpose community Centres Number 4 550,000 2,200,000 48,889 Creation/ renovation of water sources Number 30 20,000 600,000 13,333 Construction of rain water harvesting system Number 200 2,500 500,000 11,111 Sub-total 4,840,000 107,556 LIVELIHOOD SUPPORT Strengthening of SHG Federation Number 2 50,000 100,000 2,222 Support for SHG federation Number 2 200,000 400,000 8,889 Training on EDP participants 100 1,000 100,000 2,222 IG support to VDCs/ SHGs / Youth Groups / DMTs Number 30 15,000 450,000 10,000 Families assisted with Livelihood Support special focus on Number 150 5,000 750,000 16,667 marginalized community Strengthening of Farmer group Number 20 2,000 40,000 889 Training on Agri livelihood participants 200 1,000 200,000 4,444 Exposure visit to Agri group @ 40 members - 2 visits participants 80 1,500 120,000 2,667 Exposure visit for SHG on IG Activity participants 120 1,000 120,000 2,667 Career upgradation/Vocational Training to youth participants 100 3,000 300,000 6,667 Bio gas production with new technology Number 10 20,000 200,000 4,444 Nursery raising involving SHGs Number 30 50,000 1,500,000 33,333 Avenue Plantation Number 2000 15 30,000 667 Dust Bins community 80 3,000 240,000 5,333 Vermi Compost Number 200 5,000 1,000,000 22,222 IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 30

Community Plantation Number 30 30,000 900,000 20,000 Plantation for Individual family Number 4000 50 200,000 4,444 Sub-total 6,650,000 147,778 COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING/ INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING Legal Awareness to excluded families Number 80 3,000 240,000 5,333 Training on different Govt. schemes. participants 30 500 15,000 333 Awareness and linkage facilities for Livestock and Human Number 20 1,000 20,000 444 Insurance programme Health Camp for Livestock Number 20 4,000 80,000 1,778 NFE Centre (Tuition centre) Number 15 2,500 37,500 833 NFE teacher cum village animators (75 animators * 12 Number 900 2,000 1,800,000 40,000 months) Educational Support to Children student 1890 250 472,500 10,500 Awareness on WATSAN Number 25 2,500 62,500 1,389 Awareness campaign on Organic farming Number 15 2,500 37,500 833 Awareness on RCH/ MCH Number 20 2,500 50,000 1,111 Awareness and Demonstration on nutritious food intake Number 20 5,000 100,000 2,222 Awareness on Adolscent issues Number 20 2,500 50,000 1,111 Sub-total 2,965,000 65,889 TOTAL DIRECT ASSISTANCE 16,551,250 367,806

CAPITAL ASSETS Laptop Number 1 50,000 50,000 1,111 Computer peripherals like printer, scanner etc LS 25,000 25,000 556 Xerox machine Number 1 75,000 75,000 1,667 Digital Camera Number 1 15,000 15,000 333 Furniture & Fixture LS 20,000 20,000 444 Sub total 185,000 4,111 INDIRECT COSTS: PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT Staff salaries Unit Manager (1 x 25,000) Month 12 25,000 300,000 6,667 Accounts & Stores Officer (1 x 16,000) Month 12 16,000 192,000 4,267 Documentation Officer (1 x 13,000) Month 12 13,000 156,000 3,467 Community Organiser (8 x 10,500) Soft components Month 12 84,000 1,008,000 22,400 Driver (1 x 14000) Month 12 14,000 168,000 3,733 Local Volunteers (7 x 5000) Month 12 35,000 420,000 9,333 Casual Cook cum Night watchman (1 x 5000) Month 12 5,000 60,000 1,333 Casual Cook (3 x 2000) Month 12 6,000 72,000 1,600 Meetings Networking meetings and workshop Number 4 10,000 40,000 889 Monthly progress review & staff Meeting Number 12 3,000 36,000 800 Staff development - benefits Staff Capacity Development Training No.of staff 10 10,000 100,000 2,222 Exposure Visit (staff) No.of staff 10 5,000 50,000 1,111 Insurance for Staff & Volunteers No.of staff 20 600 12,000 267 Office operations Coordination & Zone offices rent Month 12 15,000 180,000 4,000 Electricity (3 x 2500) @ once in two months payment Month 6 7,500 45,000 1,000 Telephone / Fax/ E-mail ( for 3 offices) Month 12 7,500 90,000 2,000 Office maintenance / provisions Month 12 10,000 120,000 2,667 Stationeries, printing, xerox, etc. Month 12 2,500 30,000 667 Transport / travels Jeep maintenance and running costs Month 12 10,000 120,000 2,667 Motor Cycles maintenance & running costs (8x1500) Month 12 12,000 144,000 3,200 IND103 – DRR and Social Empowerment (year 3) 31

Travel /perdiem (project personnel within India) Month 12 10,000 120,000 2,667 Sub-total 3,463,000 76,956 Allocation for local Head Quarter Director - 5 % of 150,000 Month 12 7,500 90,000 2,000 Program Manager 10% of 45,000 Month 12 4,500 54,000 1,200 Finance Manager 10% of 45,000 Month 12 4,500 54,000 1,200 Program Support Team 10% of 64,000 (4 staff) Month 12 6,400 76,800 1,707 Procurement Unit Staff 10% of 35,000 Month 12 3,500 42,000 933 Personnel & Finance staff 5% of 175,000 (8 staff) Month 12 8,750 105,000 2,333 Drivers and other subordinate staff 5% of 100,000 Month 12 5,000 60,000 1,333 10% of Head office operational and admin costs Running cost of vehicle of Director (10%) Month 12 5,000 60,000 1,333 Travel cost of H.O. Staff (15%) Month 12 8,000 96,000 2,133 Share of Rent & maintenance cost of H.O. (5%) Month 12 2,500 30,000 667 Share of Printing & stationary cost of H.O. (5%) Month 12 2,500 30,000 667 Share of Communication (Postage/Telephone) cost of H.O. Month 12 3,000 36,000 800 (10%) Share of Office Provisions/Miscellaneous cost of H.O. (5%) Month 12 2,000 24,000 533 Sub total allocation for local Head Quarter 757,800 16,840 TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS: PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT 4,220,800 93,796

VISIBILITY Visibility/ Publicity/ publication Ls 500,000 500,000 11,111 AUDIT AND MONITORING Internal & External Audits Ls 50,000 50,000 1,111 Project review Ls 50,000 50,000 1,111 Sub total 100,000 2,222

TOTAL EXPENDITURE 21,557,050 479,046 ACT CO Appeal Fee 3% 646,712 14,371

TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 22,850,473 493,417

Balance Requested 385,303 Exchange rate USD 1 – INR 45