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Characterization of Sheep Production, Feeding and Marketing Systems in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

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Characterization of Sheep Production, Feeding and Marketing Systems in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP PRODUCTION, FEEDING AND MARKETING SYSTEMS IN ARBA MINCH ZURIA WOREDA OF GAMO GOFA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA MSc. THESIS BY ESATU BEKELE BAYDE NOVEMBER, 2017 ARBA MINCH, ETHIOPIA II CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP PRODUCTION, FEEDING AND MARKETING SYSTEMS IN ARBA MINCH ZURIA WOREDA OF GAMO GOFA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL AND RANGE SCINECES, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES, ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY IN PARTIALFULFILLMENTOF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION BY ESATU BEKELE BAYDE Major advisor: Yisehak Kechero (PhD, Associate Professor) Co-advisor: Chencha Chebo (MSc, Assistant Professor) NOVEMBER, 2017 ARBA MINCH, ETHIOPIA II DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my beloved father Bekele Bayde who passed away and I deeply wish that God might give him peaceful rest forever. III DECLARATION I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the thesis entitled "Characterization of sheep production, feeding and marketing systems in Arba Minch Zuria woreda of Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia" is the outcome of my own work and all sources of materials used for this thesis have been accordingly acknowledged. This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillments of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Animal Production at Arba Minch University and is deposited at the University Library to be available to borrowers under rules of the library. I truly declare that this thesis is not submitted to any other institution anywhere for the award of any academic degree, diploma or certificate. I concede copy right of the thesis in favor of the Arba Minch University College of Agriculture as well as Animal Sciences department. Name: Esatu Bekele Bayde Signature: Place: Arba Minch University, College of Agriculture. Date of Submission: October 2017 IV BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH The author Esatu Bekele Bayde was born on October 5, 1986 G.C. in Dita woreda, Done kebele Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities people Region. He attended his elementary education at Done Awassa in 1996 -2001 G.C.; he started his junior secondary education at Zada Junior secondary school (Grade 7) in 2002 G.C.; at Arba Minch Chamo junior secondary School (Grade 8 -9) in 2003-2004 G.C. and at Arba Minch compressive high school (Grade 10 - 12) in 2005 – 2007 G.C. Then he joined Arba Minch University in 2008 and graduated with BSC in Animal science on 10th July, 2010 G.C. After graduation he was employed by the Dita Woreda of marketing and cooperative office in 13 July 2010 – June 30 2011 G.C., at Arba Minch Zuria woreda Agriculture office Animal Production and forage development expert 1st July 2011 – 30 March 2013 G.C. and South West Zone –Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church (SWZ-EKHC) Office community livelihood and children based project at Arba Minch Zuria Woreda April 1st 2013 - 2016 G.C. until he joined Arba Minch University, school of graduate studies for the degree master of science in Animal production 2012016 G.C. VI SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY ADVISORS’ THESIS SUBMISSION APPROVAL SHEET This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Characterization of sheep production, feeding and marketing systems in Arba Minch Zuria woreda of Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia” has submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Animal Production, the Graduate Program of the Department of Animal Sciences, and has been carried out by Mr. Esatu Bekele Bayde ID.No RMSc/223/08 under my/our supervision. Therefore I/we recommend that the student has fulfilled the requirements and hence hereby can submit the thesis to the department for defense. Yisehak Kechero (PhD, Associate professor) ______________________ Name of Principal advisor Signature Date Mr. Chencha Chebo (MSc, Assistant professor) ____________________________ Name of Co-advisor Signature Date VII EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL PAGE Approved by: We the examiners’ board approve that this thesis has passed through the defense and review process Chairperson Signature Date External Examiner Signature Date Internal Examiner Signature Date Yisehak Kechero (PhD, Associate professor) Principal advisor Signature Date (DGC/SGC) Signature Date Signature and Stamp of the Department/School VI ACKNOWLEDGMENT First and for most, I thank my almighty God for his will to help, protect, provide and support me to reach at this stage; without His assistance nothing would have happened. My special thanks and heartfelt gratitude extends to my lovely wife Loza Awoke for her patience, support and encouragement, her special prayer helped me to have strength and endurance in my work. You are a source of my pleasure and well-being. I would like to express my deepest and sincere appreciation to my respected major advisor, Yisehak Kechero (PhD, Associate Professor), for his unreserved advice, guidance and his excellent teaching and constructive criticism and comments from the initial conception to the end of this work are highly appreciated. I am also thankful to my co-advisor Mr. Chencha Chebo (MSc, Assistant professor), who helped me from the time of proposal development to the time of finalizing my thesis work. I wish to express my deepest love and gratitude to my brother Mr. Belay Bekele his follow up, sustained support and constructive comments and also Haile Petros, Sintayehu Tomas, Elias Zale and Frehiwot Tarekegn for their sustained support, collected data and encouragement. My appreciations and thanks also go to my mother organization “Ethiopian kale Hiywot Church South West Zone” for giving me this MSc. study fellowship and providing me all the necessary supports including salary and financial support. I also wish to express my thanks to Arba Minch University Animal and Range science department thought me and all developmental agents (DA), kebeles administrations and also farmers who responded to my numerous questions with patience. VIII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ADG Average Daily Gain AEZ Agro Ecological Zones ANOVA Analysis of Variance AFL Age at First Lambing CSA Central Statistical Authority DA Development Agent DM Dry matter EKHC-SWZ Ethiopian Kale Hiywet Church – South West Zone EPA Ethiopia Privatization Agency EIAR Ethiopian Institute of Agriculture Research FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FGD Focus Group Discussion GO Governmental Organization HSD Honestly Significant Difference HH Household HL Highland ILCA International Livestock Center for Africa LI Lambing Interval LL Lowland LS Litter Size ML Midland MOA Ministry of Agriculture MT Metric Tone NGO Non-Governmental Organization TLU Tropical livestock unit PI Parturition Interval PRA Proportionality of Respondents Across VIII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (Continued) RDC Respiratory Disease Complex SE Standard Error SD Standard Deviation SNNPR Southern Nation Nationality People Region SPSS Statistical Procedures for Social Science IX TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE DEDICATION ......................................................................................................................................... III DECLARATION ...................................................................................................................................... IV BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ................................................................................................................... VI ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (Continued) ............................................................................................. IX TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF TABLE .................................................................................................................................... XV LIST OF FIGURE ................................................................................................................................. XVI ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... XVII 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 General Objective .................................................................................................................. 4 1.1.1 Specific objective ........................................................................................................................... 4 2. LITERATUREREVIEW ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.1. Major Sheep Production Systems in Ethiopia ...................................................................... 5 2.2. Socio-Economic Importance of Sheep ................................................................................. 5 2.3. Indigenous Knowledge and Community/Village-based Breeding Strategies ...................... 6 2.4. Flock structure ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.5. Off take rate .........................................................................................................................
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