Weekly COVID-19 Disinformation and False Propaganda Report
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Memetics of Deception: Spreading Local Meme Hoaxes During COVID-19 1St Year
future internet Article Memetics of Deception: Spreading Local Meme Hoaxes during COVID-19 1st Year Raúl Rodríguez-Ferrándiz 1,* , Cande Sánchez-Olmos 1,* , Tatiana Hidalgo-Marí 1 and Estela Saquete-Boro 2 1 Department of Communication and Social Psychology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; [email protected] 2 Department of Software and Computing Systems, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (R.R.-F.); [email protected] (C.S.-O.) Abstract: The central thesis of this paper is that memetic practices can be crucial to understanding deception at present when hoaxes have increased globally due to COVID-19. Therefore, we employ existing memetic theory to describe the qualities and characteristics of meme hoaxes in terms of the way they are replicated by altering some aspects of the original, and then shared on social media platforms in order to connect global and local issues. Criteria for selecting the sample were hoaxes retrieved from and related to the local territory in the province of Alicante (Spain) during the first year of the pandemic (n = 35). Once typology, hoax topics and their memetic qualities were identified, we analysed their characteristics according to form in terms of Shifman (2014) and, secondly, their content and stance concordances both within and outside our sample (Spain and abroad). The results show, firstly, that hoaxes are mainly disinformation and they are related to the pandemic. Secondly, despite the notion that local hoaxes are linked to local circumstances that are difficult to extrapolate, our conclusions demonstrate their extraordinary memetic and “glocal” capacity: they rapidly adapt Citation: Rodríguez-Ferrándiz, R.; other hoaxes from other places to local areas, very often supplanting reliable sources, and thereby Sánchez-Olmos, C.; Hidalgo-Marí, T.; demonstrating consistency and opportunism. -
July 2020 Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases
THE AMERICAN WWW.CAYMANCHEM.COM ASSOCIATION OF IMMUNOLOGISTS AT ISSUE NEW THE DOWNLOAD Virus Life Cycle Infographic Infographic Cycle Life Virus JULY 2020 Resources for Your Research Your for Resources Informative Articles Informative CAYMAN CURRENTS: CAYMAN IN THIS ISSUE OF THE THE OF ISSUE THIS IN DISEASES INFECTIOUS EMERGING AAI Looks Back: How Honolulu’s Chinatown FOR STRATEGIES "Went Up in Smoke" A history of the first plague outbreak in Hawai’i, page 30 ANTIVIRAL 28 No. Permit CAYMAN CURRENTS PA Gettysburg, PAID 20852 20852 20852 20852 MD MD MD MD Rockville, Rockville, Rockville, Rockville, 650, 650, 650, 650, Suite Suite Suite Suite Pike, Pike, Pike, Pike, Rockville Rockville Rockville Rockville 1451 1451 1451 1451 Postage U.S. Non-Proft Org. Non-Proft IMMUNOLOGISTS IMMUNOLOGISTS IMMUNOLOGISTS IMMUNOLOGISTS OF OF OF OF ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION AMERICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN THE THE THE THE 2020 advanced Course in Immunology Now Virtual! I July 26–31, 2020 IN THIS ISSUE Director: Wayne M. Yokoyama, M.D. Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis x4 Executive Offce The American Association Don’t miss the premier course in immunology for research scientists! of Immunologists x8 Public Affairs This intensive course is directed toward advanced trainees and scientists who wish to expand or update 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650 their understanding of the feld. Leading experts will present recent advances in the biology of the Rockville, MD 20852 20 Members in the News immune system and address its role in health and disease. This is not an introductory course; Tel: 301-634-7178 attendees will need to have a frm understanding of the principles of immunology. -
The Great White Hoax
THE GREAT WHITE HOAX Featuring Tim Wise [Transcript] INTRODUCTION Text on screen Charlottesville, Virginia August 11, 2017 Protesters [chanting] You will not replace us! News reporter A major American college campus transformed into a battlefield. Hundreds of white nationalists storming the University of Virginia. Protesters [chanting] Whose streets? Our streets! News reporter White nationalists protesting the removal of a Confederate statue. The setting a powder keg ready to blow. Protesters [chanting] White lives matter! Counter-protesters [chanting] Black lives matter! Protesters [chanting] White lives matter! News reporter The march spiraling out of control. So-called Alt-Right demonstrators clashing with counter- protesters some swinging torches. Text on screen August 12, 2017 News reporter (continued) The overnight violence spilling into this morning when march-goers and counter-protesters clash again. © 2017 Media Education Foundation | mediaed.org 1 David Duke This represents a turning point for the people of this country. We are determined to take our country back. We're going to fulfill the promises of Donald Trump. That's what we believed in. That's why we voted for Donald Trump. Because he said he's going to take our country back. And that's what we gotta do. News reporter A horrifying scene in Charlottesville, as this car plowed into a crowd of people. The driver then backing up and, witnesses say, dragging at least one person. Donald Trump We're closely following the terrible events unfolding in Charlottesville, Virginia. We condemn, in the strongest possible terms, this egregious display of hatred, bigotry, and violence on many sides. On many sides. -
Framing Science for Public Action Leah Sprain University of Colorado Boulder, [email protected]
Iowa State University Summer Symposium on 2013: Ethical Issues in Science Communication: A Science Communication Theory-Based Approach Jan 1st, 12:00 AM Framing Science for Public Action Leah Sprain University of Colorado Boulder, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/sciencecommunication Part of the Communication Commons Sprain, Leah (2013). Framing Science for Public Action. Jean Goodwin, Michael F. Dahlstrom, and Susanna Priest (Ed.), Ethical Issues in Science Communication: A Theory-Based Approach. https://doi.org/10.31274/sciencecommunication-180809-49 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Symposia at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Iowa State University Summer Symposium on Science Communication by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Framing Science for Public Action LEAH SPRAIN Department of Communication University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, CO USA [email protected] ABSTRACT: Framing is widely acknowledged to be central to understanding how language constructs public controversies. This paper draws on framing-for-deliberation and framing-for-difference to develop principles for framing science communication. KEYWORDS: framing, deliberation, science communication, public controversy, framing-for-persuasion, framing-for-deliberation, framing-for-difference 1. INTRODUCTION Framing is widely acknowledged to be central to understanding how language constructs public controversies (Gamson & Modigliani, 1989). Studies in science communication often evaluate how the presentation of an issue can produce changes of opinion (Chong & Druckman, 2007), such as how framing climate change in terms of economic benefits (Leiserowitz, 2006), health concerns (Maibach, Nisbit, Baldwin, Akerlof, & Diao, 2011), or stewardship and religious values (Zia & Todd, 2010) appeal to particular audiences. -
Coalition Communication: Healthcare
Updated 1/15/2021 Coalition Communication: Healthcare COVID-19 UPDATES We need your help in sharing information about the COVID-19 vaccine. KEY STATS Vaccine.coronavirus.ohio.gov is an online resource for Ohioans to learn which providers received a COVID-19 vaccine allotment and how to contact them. Data as of 1/14/2021 Tentative dates to start vaccinating these Phase 1B populations are: • Jan. 19, 2021—Ohioans 80 years of age and older. PUBLIC HEALTH • Jan. 25, 2021—Ohioans 75 years of age and older; those with severe ADVISORY SYSTEM congenital or developmental disorders. • Feb. 1, 2021—Ohioans 70 years of age and older; employees of K-12 schools that wish to remain or return to in-person or hybrid learning. • Feb. 8, 2021—Ohioans 65 years of age and older. When a new age group begins, vaccinations may not be complete for the previous age group. It will take a number of weeks to distribute all of the vaccines given the limited doses available. If you are older than 65, please connect with an Area Agencies on Aging about questions or if you need transportation assistance. For more information, visit aginig.ohio.gov or call 1-866-243-5678. More information can be found at coronavirus.ohio.gov. 21-DAY TRENDS INDUSTRY INFORMATION Case Average 7,316 ■ The Ad Council and the COVID Collaborative have released a series of Death Average 73 videos, available in a YouTube playlist, feature an introduction from Dr. Anthony Fauci and include experts leading healthcare organizations. Hospitalization 293 Average ■ BlackDoctor.org’s Making It Plain: What Black America Needs to Know ICU Admission 29 About COVID-19 and Vaccines aired on January 7 and is now available on- Average demand on YouTube. -
Do Vaccines Reduce Long-COVID Symptoms?
Do Vaccines Reduce Long-COVID Symptoms? One of the many important questions about long-COVID is whether COVID-19 vaccination can reduce symptoms in those experiencing long-COVID. While some patients report a lessening of symptoms, it is unknown whether this is causally related to the vaccine, or merely reflective of the fact that most patients’ symptoms improve over time. In addition, some patients also report a worsening of symptoms. But since there is currently a poor understanding of the causes and risk factors for long-COVID, all patient experiences following vaccination need to be carefully assessed. For example, one observational and uncontrolled study (not yet peer-reviewed) released in March 2021 compared 44 vaccinated long-COVID patients with 22 “I’ve heard from people who say they no longer matched unvaccinated participants. Those who received the vaccine showed a have ‘brain fog,’ their gastrointestinal problems small overall improvement in long-COVID symptoms, with a decrease in have gone away, or they stopped suffering from worsening symptoms (5.6% vaccinated vs. 14.2% unvaccinated) and increase in the shortness of breath they’ve been living with symptom resolution (23.2% vaccinated vs. 15.4% unvaccinated).1 Additionally, since being diagnosed with COVID-19.” an informal survey of more than 900 patients with long-COVID by Survivor - Akiko Iwasaki, PhD Corps, a patient advocacy group for those with long-COVID, found that only Professor of immunobiology at Yale School of 39% of patients reported improvements following vaccination. -
FAKE NEWS!”: President Trump’S Campaign Against the Media on @Realdonaldtrump and Reactions to It on Twitter
“FAKE NEWS!”: President Trump’s Campaign Against the Media on @realdonaldtrump and Reactions To It on Twitter A PEORIA Project White Paper Michael Cornfield GWU Graduate School of Political Management [email protected] April 10, 2019 This report was made possible by a generous grant from William Madway. SUMMARY: This white paper examines President Trump’s campaign to fan distrust of the news media (Fox News excepted) through his tweeting of the phrase “Fake News (Media).” The report identifies and illustrates eight delegitimation techniques found in the twenty-five most retweeted Trump tweets containing that phrase between January 1, 2017 and August 31, 2018. The report also looks at direct responses and public reactions to those tweets, as found respectively on the comment thread at @realdonaldtrump and in random samples (N = 2500) of US computer-based tweets containing the term on the days in that time period of his most retweeted “Fake News” tweets. Along with the high percentage of retweets built into this search, the sample exhibits techniques and patterns of response which are identified and illustrated. The main findings: ● The term “fake news” emerged in public usage in October 2016 to describe hoaxes, rumors, and false alarms, primarily in connection with the Trump-Clinton presidential contest and its electoral result. ● President-elect Trump adopted the term, intensified it into “Fake News,” and directed it at “Fake News Media” starting in December 2016-January 2017. 1 ● Subsequently, the term has been used on Twitter largely in relation to Trump tweets that deploy it. In other words, “Fake News” rarely appears on Twitter referring to something other than what Trump is tweeting about. -
Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past: a Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region
CBEES State of the Region Report 2020 Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region Published with support from the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjstiftelsen) Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region December 2020 Publisher Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, CBEES, Sdertrn University © CBEES, Sdertrn University and the authors Editor Ninna Mrner Editorial Board Joakim Ekman, Florence Frhlig, David Gaunt, Tora Lane, Per Anders Rudling, Irina Sandomirskaja Layout Lena Fredriksson, Serpentin Media Proofreading Bridget Schaefer, Semantix Print Elanders Sverige AB ISBN 978-91-85139-12-5 4 Contents 7 Preface. A New Annual CBEES Publication, Ulla Manns and Joakim Ekman 9 Introduction. Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past, David Gaunt and Tora Lane 15 Background. Eastern and Central Europe as a Region of Memory. Some Common Traits, Barbara Trnquist-Plewa ESSAYS 23 Victimhood and Building Identities on Past Suffering, Florence Frhlig 29 Image, Afterimage, Counter-Image: Communist Visuality without Communism, Irina Sandomirskaja 37 The Toxic Memory Politics in the Post-Soviet Caucasus, Thomas de Waal 45 The Flag Revolution. Understanding the Political Symbols of Belarus, Andrej Kotljarchuk 55 Institutes of Trauma Re-production in a Borderland: Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania, Per Anders Rudling COUNTRY BY COUNTRY 69 Germany. The Multi-Level Governance of Memory as a Policy Field, Jenny Wstenberg 80 Lithuania. Fractured and Contested Memory Regimes, Violeta Davoliūtė 87 Belarus. The Politics of Memory in Belarus: Narratives and Institutions, Aliaksei Lastouski 94 Ukraine. Memory Nodes Loaded with Potential to Mobilize People, Yuliya Yurchuk 106 Czech Republic. -
Con-Scripting the Masses: False Documents and Historical Revisionism in the Americas
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Open Access Dissertations 2-2011 Con-Scripting the Masses: False Documents and Historical Revisionism in the Americas Frans Weiser University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the Comparative Literature Commons Recommended Citation Weiser, Frans, "Con-Scripting the Masses: False Documents and Historical Revisionism in the Americas" (2011). Open Access Dissertations. 347. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/347 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CON-SCRIPTING THE MASSES: FALSE DOCUMENTS AND HISTORICAL REVISIONISM IN THE AMERICAS A Dissertation Presented by FRANS-STEPHEN WEISER Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 2011 Program of Comparative Literature © Copyright 2011 by Frans-Stephen Weiser All Rights Reserved CON-SCRIPTING THE MASSES: FALSE DOCUMENTS AND HISTORICAL REVISIONISM IN THE AMERICAS A Dissertation Presented by FRANS-STEPHEN WEISER Approved as to style and content by: _______________________________________________ David Lenson, Chair _______________________________________________ -
Can Communication Strategies Combat COVID-19 Vaccine
Article Can Communication Strategies Combat COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy with Trade-Off between Public Service Messages and Public Skepticism? Experimental Evidence from Pakistan Qiang Jin 1, Syed Hassan Raza 2 , Muhammad Yousaf 3 , Umer Zaman 4,* and Jenny Marisa Lim Dao Siang 5 1 Intercultural Communication Research Center, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; [email protected] 2 Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan; [email protected] 3 Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; [email protected] 4 Endicott College of International Studies, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Korea 5 Department of Business Administration, School of Management, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic may have reached a turning point as the World Health Organiza- tion and the global community of nations step up plans for mass vaccination campaigns. However, the COVID-19 vaccine-related conspiracy theories (e.g., falsehoods about birth control, women infer- tility, surveillance, and microchip humanity, etc.) have built new momentum for vaccine hesitancy. To this end, several nations worldwide, including Pakistan, are struggling to boost public trust Citation: Jin, Q.; Raza, S.H.; Yousaf, and enthusiasm to get vaccinated, especially in an anxious and complicated atmosphere propelled M.; Zaman, U.; Siang, J.M.L.D. Can by multiple, new -
A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Success in Framing Contests
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1363-254X.htm JCOM 15,4 Framing expertise: a cross-cultural analysis of success in framing contests 368 Viorela Dan and Øyvind Ihlen Department of Communication, Culture and Languages, Oslo, Norway Received December 2010 Revised May 2011 Accepted July 2011 Abstract Purpose – This article seeks to analyse the skills and knowledge that have a positive impact on the reproduction of the core frames of social actors in the mass media. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical discussion is accompanied by a cross-cultural case study of the debate surrounding the leaked e-mail correspondence between climate researchers at the University of East Anglia (UEA) in 2009. First, the authors analysed the framing work of the three main actors with their respective views, namely UEA and the blogs “Real climate”, “Climate audit” and “The air vent”. Second, they conducted an analysis of the media coverage of the issue in the UK, the USA, Germany and Norway, focusing on the importance of cultural factors, psychological biases and conformity to journalistic needs. Findings – The literature review came to the conclusion that public relations practitioners stand good chances to succeed with their framing when they are able to conceive a message in a way that: is resonant with the underlying culture; appeals to psychological biases; and conforms to journalistic needs. The authors use “framing expertise” as an umbrella term for the knowledge and the skills related to these aspects when designing and promoting frames. In the case study, these theoretical assumptions were tested. -
The Spread of True and False News Online
MIT INITIATIVE ON THE DIGITAL ECONOMY RESEARCH BRIEF THE SPREAD OF TRUE AND FALSE NEWS ONLINE By Soroush Vosoughi, Deb Roy, and Sinan Aral FALSE NEWS IS BIG NEWS. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Barely a day goes by without a new development about the veracity of social media, foreign We investigated the differential diffusion of all the meddling in U.S. elections, or questionable science. verified, true and false news stories distributed on Twitter from 2006 to 2017. The data comprise Adding to the confusion is speculation about what’s approximately 126,000 cascades of news stories behind such developments—is the motivation spreading on Twitter, tweeted by about 3 million deliberate and political, or is it a case of uninformed misinformation? And who is spreading the word people over 4.5 million times. online—rogue AI bots or agitated humans? We classified news as true or false using information These were among the questions we sought to from six independent fact-checking address in the largest-ever longitudinal study of organizations that exhibited 95% -98% agreement on the spread of false news online. Until now, few the classifications. large-scale empirical investigations existed on the diffusion of misinformation or its social origins. Falsehood diffused significantly farther, faster, deeper, Studies about the spread of misinformation were and more broadly than the truth in all limited to analyses of small, ad hoc samples. categories. The effects were most pronounced for But these ad hoc studies ignore two of the most false political news than for news about important scientific questions: How do truth and falsity diffuse differently, and what factors related terrorism, natural disasters, science, urban legends, or to human judgment explain these differences? financial information.