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Demographic Effects of Abortion
Demographic Effects of Abortion HARALD FREDERIKSEN, M.D., and JAMES W. BRACKETT A GROWING NUMBER of countries are are not likely to have demographic significance, liberalizing their laws governing abortion. we have focused on countries which permit The degree of permissiveness varies; some coun- abortion on demand or for social and economic tries now permit abortion virtually "on de- reasons (see table). mand;" others accept social or economic Sweden, Japan, and a number of countries in reasons; some accept medical reasons only. The eastern European have had permissive abortion justification for enacting more permissive laws laws for some time (Sweden-22 years, Ja- also varies. Some countries simply state that a pan-20 years, and eastern European coun- woman has the right to decide whether her child tries-12 to 13 years). With the notable except- will be born. Others express the hope that liber- tion of the Soviet Union, statistics on births and alization of the abortion laws will eliminate the abortions are available for these countries. In evils of illegal abortion. Still others indicate an some of these countries, sizable numbers of il- interest in easing the social and economic situa- legal abortions were reportedly already being tion of individual families. However, the rea- performed before the more permissive laws sons given for liberalizing abortion laws rarely, were promulgated. if ever, include explicit concern about over- population. Methods Regardless of the stated reason for enacting To obtain a better understanding of the demo- permissive abortion laws, it is reasonable to graphic impact of abortion, we used total fer- assume that the more permissive laws affect tility rates. -
Social and Demographic Drivers of Trend and Seasonality in Elective Abortions in Denmark Tim A
Bruckner et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (2017) 17:214 DOI 10.1186/s12884-017-1397-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Social and demographic drivers of trend and seasonality in elective abortions in Denmark Tim A. Bruckner1* , Laust H. Mortensen2 and Ralph A. Catalano3 Abstract Background: Elective abortions show a secular decline in high income countries. That general pattern, however, may mask meaningful differences—and a potentially rising trend—among age, income, and other racial/ethnic groups. We explore these differences in Denmark, a high-income, low-fertility country with excellent data on terminations and births. Methods: We examined monthly elective abortions (n = 225,287) from 1995 to 2009, by maternal age, parity, income level and mother’s country of origin. We applied time-series methods to live births as well as spontaneous and elective abortions to approximate the denominator of pregnancies at risk of elective abortion. We used linear regression methods to identify trend and seasonal patterns. Results: Despite an overall declining trend, teenage women show a rising proportion of pregnancies that end in an elective termination (56% to 67%, 1995 to 2009). Non-Western immigrant women also show a slight increase in incidence. Heightened economic disadvantage among non-Western immigrant women does not account for this rise. Elective abortions also show a sustained “summer peak” in June, July and August. Low-income women show the most pronounced summer peak. Conclusions: Identification of the causes of the increase over time in elective abortion among young women, and separately among non-Western immigrant women, represents key areas of further inquiry. -
Low Incidence of Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Natural Cases of Abortion in Domestic Ruminants in Hungary
Low incidence of Schmallenberg virus infection in natural cases of abortion in domestic ruminants in Hungary 1* 1,2 1 Acta Veterinaria LEVENTE SZEREDI , ADAM DAN ,PETER MALIK , Hungarica SZILARD JANOSI 1 and AKOS HORNYAK 1 68 (2020) 1, 105–111 1 Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Tabornok utca 2, H-1143, DOI: Budapest, Hungary 10.1556/004.2020.00002 © 2020 The Author(s) 2 Present adress: SCG Diagnostics Ltd., Delegyhaza, Hungary Received: June 12, 2019 • Accepted: November 19, 2019 Published online: May 8, 2020 ORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACT An epizootic caused by a new orthobunyavirus called Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was recognised in European ruminants in 2011 and 2012. The re-emergence of the infection was reported in several countries in the subsequent years. Although the main clinical sign of SBV infection is abortion, the impact of SBV in natural cases of abortion in domestic ruminants had not been systematically examined before this study. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of SBV infection and to compare it to the importance of other causes of abortion by examining 537 natural cases of abortion that had occurred between 2011 and 2017 in Hungary. The cause of abortion was determined in 165 (31%) cases. An infectious cause was proved in 88 (16%) cases. SBV infection was found only in a total of four cases (0.8%) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Three of them proved to be inapparent SBV infection, and one case was attributed to SBV-induced abortion by detecting non-purulent encephalitis and SBV nucleoprotein by immunohistochemistry in a brain tissue sample. -
Late Termination of Pregnancy. Professional Dilemmas
Review Article TheScientificWorldJOURNAL (2003) 3, 903-912 ISSN 1537-744X; DOI 10.1100/tsw.2003.81 Late Termination of Pregnancy. Professional Dilemmas Isack Kandel1,* and Joav Merrick2 1Faculty of Social Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Academic College of Judea and Samaria, Ariel, DN Ephraim 44837 and 2National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Office of the Medical Director, Division for Mental Retardation, Ministry of Social Affairs, Jerusalem and Zusman Child Development Center, Division of Community Health, Ben Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected] Received July 29, 2003; Revised August 13, 2003; Accepted August 14, 2003; Published September 23, 2003 Abortion is an issue as long as history and hotly debated in all societies and communities. In some societies and countries it is legal, while other countries have no legal basis, and some countries have made it a crime. Today up to 90% of abortions take place in the first trimester, about 9% in the second trimester, and the rest in the third trimester. This paper deals with the issue of late termination of pregnancy, the practical medical aspects, legal issues, international aspects, and the dilemma for the professional. In early history, abortion was accepted by clergy and societies, but in recent history it is more restricted and in some countries prohibited. It does not seem that restriction leads to a lower abortion rate, but rather an active contraceptive policy, campaign, and availability to prevent pregnancies that are unwanted. In countries where abortion is restricted, the trend has been an increase in illegal abortion that leads to unsafe abortion with complications, permanent injuries, and maternal mortality. -
Feminist Review Downloaded by [Central Uni Library Bucharest] at 01:01 08 October 2013 CONTENTS
Downloaded by [Central Uni Library Bucharest] at 01:01 08 October 2013 Feminist Review Downloaded by [Central Uni Library Bucharest] at 01:01 08 October 2013 CONTENTS Editorial: Shifting Territories: Feminisms and Europe 1 Helen Crowley, Barbara Einhorn, Catherine Hall, Maxine Molyneux, Lynne Segal Between Hope and Helplessness: Women in the GDR after the 3 ‘Turning Point’ Irene Dölling Where Have All the Women Gone? Women and the Women’s 15 Movement in East Central Europe Barbara Einhorn The End of Socialism in Europe: A New Challenge for Socialist 35 Feminism? Frigga Haug The Second ‘No’: Women in Hungary 46 Yudit Kiss The Citizenship Debate: Women, Ethnic Processes and the 54 State Nira Yuval-Davis Fortress Europe and Migrant Women 64 Mirjana Morokvasic Racial Equality and ‘1992’ 78 Ann Dummett Questioning Perestroika: A Socialist-feminist Interrogation 83 Ruth Pearson Postmodernism and its Discontents 89 Kate Soper FEMINISTS AND SOCIALISM After the Cold War 100 Mary Kaldor Downloaded by [Central Uni Library Bucharest] at 01:01 08 October 2013 Socialism Out of the Common Pots 106 Swasti Mitter 1989 and All That 109 Beatrix Campbell In Listening Mode 113 Cynthia Cockburn WOMEN IN ACTION: COUNTRY BY COUNTRY The Soviet Union: 117 Feminist Manifesto—‘Democracy Without Women is No Democracy’: A Founding Document Interview with Anastasya a Posadskaya 122 Maxine Molyneux Soviet Women Hold Their First Autonomous National Con 130 ference: Conference Report and Concluding Document from the First Independent Women’s Forum of the Soviet Union introduced -
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Long-Term Reproductive Outcome
Human Reproduction Update, Vol.20, No.2 pp. 262–278, 2014 Advanced Access publication on September 29, 2013 doi:10.1093/humupd/dmt045 Systematic review and meta-analysis of intrauterine adhesions after miscarriage: prevalence, Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article-abstract/20/2/262/663622 by Biomedical Library user on 17 January 2019 risk factors and long-term reproductive outcome Angelo B. Hooker1,2,3,*, Marike Lemmers4, Andreas L. Thurkow2, Martijn W. Heymans5, Brent C. Opmeer6, Hans A.M. Bro¨lmann3, Ben W. Mol4, and Judith A.F. Huirne3 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zaans Medical Center, Zaandam, The Netherlands 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sint Lucas Andreas Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 5Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and 6Clinical Research Unit, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Correspondence address. Departement of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zaans Medical Center (ZMC), Koningin julianaplein 58, PO Box 210, 1500 EE Zaandam, The Netherlands. Tel: +31-75-6502615; Fax: +31-75-6502758; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Submitted on April 27, 2013; resubmitted on July 8, 2013; accepted on August 1, 2013 table of contents .......................................................................................................................... -
Induced Abortion on Demand (IAD) in Norway 1979-2009 and a Pre IAD Comparator
Article ID: WMC001830 2046-1690 Induced Abortion on Demand (IAD) in Norway 1979-2009 and a Pre IAD Comparator. A Markov Model Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Corresponding Author: Prof. Jan Norum, MD, PhD, North Norway Regional Health Authority trust, N-8038 - Norway Submitting Author: Prof. Jan Norum, MD, PhD, North Norway Regional Health Authority trust, N-8038 - Norway Article ID: WMC001830 Article Type: Original Articles Submitted on:31-Mar-2011, 10:34:05 PM GMT Published on: 01-Apr-2011, 05:33:10 PM GMT Article URL: http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1830 Subject Categories:ECONOMICS OF MEDICINE Keywords:Induced Abortion, Norway, Health Economics, Markov Model How to cite the article:Norum J . Induced Abortion on Demand (IAD) in Norway 1979-2009 and a Pre IAD Comparator. A Markov Model Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) . WebmedCentral ECONOMICS OF MEDICINE 2011;2(4):WMC001830 Source(s) of Funding: North Norway Regional Health Authority trust Competing Interests: None WebmedCentral > Original Articles Page 1 of 13 WMC001830 Downloaded from http://www.webmedcentral.com on 24-Dec-2011, 04:34:59 AM Induced Abortion on Demand (IAD) in Norway 1979-2009 and a Pre IAD Comparator. A Markov Model Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Author(s): Norum J Abstract campaigns in the junior high school and high school to educate young Norwegians on the use of contraceptives, the annual abortion figures have been constant. At present every fifth known pregnancy in Objective: In the western world, there is a growing Norway is terminated by induced abortion (1). The concern about an aging population. -
Stealthy Restriction: Abortion Discourse And
Stealthy restriction: Abortion discourse and the new constitution in Hungary By Ivett Császár Submitted to Central European University Department of Gender Studies In partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Arts in Gender Studies. Supervisor: Professor Andrea Pető CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2012 Abstract Stating that life shall be protected from the moment of conception, the new constitution of Hungary, which entered into force on 1 January 2012, laid down the basis and ensured the possibility of a more rigorous legislation on abortion. In my thesis I am examining the social and political context in which the possibility for a tight biopolitical control on the population became imaginable. Considering abortion as a discursive field in which claims for power are legitimised, I am placing the debate in the wider historical and current political context. Since the attitude to abortion indicates a vision of society, abortion regulation becomes a primary scene of the contest for power. I am arguing that the present debate on abortion is a concomitant of the restructuring of political life since the Parliamentary elections in 2010. Winning the elections with a sweeping majority, the governing party, which is the largest party on the political right wing, is devouring other right wing parties in its quest for power, at present the Christian democratic party, and at the pressure of the more and more popular far-right it is appropriating the discourse and agenda of the far-right party. Abortion regulation necessarily falls victim to this power game, as neither the nationalist, nor the religious agendas have any concern for women’s reproductive rights. -
Linköping University Post Print Trends in Induced Abortions Between 1975
Linköping University Post Print Trends in induced abortions between 1975 and 2000 in a cohort of women born in 1960-64 in four Scandinavian countries. Adam Sydsjö, Ann Josefsson and Gunilla Sydsjö N.B.: When citing this work, cite the original article. This is an electronic version of an article published in: Adam Sydsjö, Ann Josefsson and Gunilla Sydsjö, Trends in induced abortions between 1975 and 2000 in a cohort of women born in 1960-64 in four Scandinavian countries., 2009, The European journal of contraception and reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception, (14), 5, 334-339. The European journal of contraception and reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception is available online at informaworldTM: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13625180903039160 Copyright: Taylor and Francis http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/default.asp Postprint available at: Linköping University Electronic Press http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53086 1 Trends in induced abortion in a cohort of women aged 15-19 in 1975 between 1975 and 2000 in four Scandinavian countries. Adam Sydsjö, Ann Josefsson, Gunilla Sydsjö Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden Short title: Trends in induced abortion in a cohort of women aged 15-19 Keywords: legal abortion, trends, Nordic countries Correspondence: Adam Sydsjö Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Hospital SE - 581 85 Linköping, Sweden Tel: +46 13 22 31 36; fax: +46 13 14 81 56 e-mail: [email protected] 2 Abstract Objective: To study the rate and the percentage of induced abortions in relation to the total of all conceived pregnancies during a 25-year period in a cohort of Scandinavian women who were age 15-19 in 1975. -
Trends in Induced Abortion Among Nordic Women Aged 40-44 Years Adam Sydsjö1,2, Ann Josefsson1,2, Marie Bladh1,2 and Gunilla Sydsjö1,2*
Sydsjö et al. Reproductive Health 2011, 8:23 http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/8/1/23 RESEARCH Open Access Trends in induced abortion among Nordic women aged 40-44 years Adam Sydsjö1,2, Ann Josefsson1,2, Marie Bladh1,2 and Gunilla Sydsjö1,2* Abstract Objectives: Women aged 40-44 years in 2005 ought to have been subjected to much more influence on attitudes and knowledge on contraceptive methods during their fertile period than women who were in the same age span in 1975 when the abortion laws were introduced. Material: From official statistics, the rates of induced abortion and birth rates in women aged 40-44 years were collected for Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland for each five-year during the period 1975-2005. Results: With the exception of Sweden all other studied Scandinavian countries have lowered their abortion rates since 1975 (p < 0.001) and reduced the proportion of induced abortions in relation to birth rate (p < 0.001). In 2005 these countries also had lower rates of induced abortion than Sweden in the age group 40-44 years (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant change in rates of induced abortion in women aged 40-44 years in Finland, Norway, Denmark, and at status quo in Sweden. 40-44 years in Finland, Norway, Denmark, and at status quo in Sweden. This indicates that family planning programs works well in the Nordic countries. The differences found may be assumed to possible diverging focus on attitudes or ethical considerations. Keywords: induced abortion, age, contraceptive, abortion rates Introduction regarded as modern well-fare states and are often used as Induced abortion is a procedure made lawful by several role models in many social aspects. -
The Influence of the Constitutional Provisions in Establishing the Legal Status of Abortion
THE INFLUENCE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS IN ESTABLISHING THE LEGAL STATUS OF ABORTION. VIEW IN COMPARATIVE LAW. Ancuţa Elena Franţ* Abstract The abortion problem has been a constant issue along the development of the human society. Through the history, the different views on the status of the unborn children were often unclear, generating discrepant situations. Trying to find the best solution, the modern human beings should, among other things, return to the analysis of Constitutions. That is because here, directly or indirectly, he should find an answer. In many countries, Constitutions don’t have any provision referring to the status of the fetus. Also, many international documents relating to human rights don’t have such references. In these situations it is the duty of law specialists to correctly interpret the meaning of the constitutional provisions. In some countries, though, the Constitutions directly establish some rights of the fetuses. In other countries, the constitutional articles have been interpreted as denying any right of the unborn children. Confronting this juridical situation, we have to choose the best solution, in order to achieve a balance between all the divergent interests concerning the abortion issue. Keywords: abortion, constitution, fetus, right to life. *Ancuţa Elena Franţ is a Ph.D. Candidate and Junior Assistant, at the Faculty of Law within “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Iaşi; contact: [email protected] The abortion issue is one of the most controversial of all times. People fought in favor or against abortion, and some of them even changed their opinion, adopting the opposite solution. Often, politician’s view towards abortion has a major influence in the election process. -
The Evolving Law of Abortion, 23 Case W
Case Western Reserve Law Review Volume 23 | Issue 4 1972 The volE ving Law of Abortion James B. George Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/caselrev Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation James B. George Jr., The Evolving Law of Abortion, 23 Case W. Res. L. Rev. 708 (1972) Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/caselrev/vol23/iss4/4 This Symposium is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Journals at Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Case Western Reserve Law Review by an authorized administrator of Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. [Vol. 23: 708 The Evolving Law of Abortion B. James George, Jr. T AWS REGULATING SEXUAL BEHAVIOR have no peers when it comes to stirring up intense emotional reactions; when the element of life itself combines with human sexuality, as it does only in the context of abortion, the intensity of emotional disagree- ment and conflict is com- pounded. In the short span of THE AUTHOR: B. JAMEs GEORGE, JR. years since 1966, the starting (B.A., J.D., University of Michigan) is date of a definite trend toward a Professor of Law at Wayne State Uni- versity and is the Director of the Center liberalization of abortion laws, for the Administration of Justice. proponents of liberalized abor- tion have gained significant ground on both the legislative and judicial fronts. Despite these successes, the battle over abortion law reform or revision remains intense.