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Forum of Animal Law Studies) 2019, Vol
dA.Derecho Animal (Forum of Animal Law Studies) 2019, vol. 10/1 35-58 Animal Law in South Africa: “Until the lions have their own lawyers, the 1 law will continue to protect the hunter” Amy P. Wilson Attorney. LL.M Animal Law Lewis & Clark Law School in Portland, USA Director and Co-founder Animal Law Reform South Africa Received: December 2018 Accepted: January 2019 Recommended citation. WILSON A.P., Animal Law in South Africa: “Until the lions have their own lawyers, the law will continue to protect the hunter”dA. Derecho Animal (Forum of Animal Law Studies) 10/1 (2019) - DOI https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/da.399 Abstract Despite the importance of animals to South Africa, animal law is not yet recognized a separate distinct area of law. In an attempt to rectify this, the article provides a high level introduction to this highly complex field. By providing background and context into historical and current injustices regarding humans and animals, it alleges that the current legal system has failed to provide adequate protection to either group. By analyzing the existing regulatory framework and case law, it lays out the realities of obtaining better protection for animals in law. It then argues why it is particularly critical for the country to consider animal interests both individually and collectively with human interests by providing examples of how these interests intersect in practice. It suggests an approach for future protection efforts and concludes by providing some opportunities going forward for animal law reform in South Africa. Keywords: Animal law; South Africa; animals; animal protection; law; human rights. -
Wild at Heart the Cruelty of the Exotic Pet Trade Left: an African Grey Parrot with a Behavioural Feather-Plucking Problem, a Result of Suffering in Captivity
Wild at heart The cruelty of the exotic pet trade Left: An African grey parrot with a behavioural feather-plucking problem, a result of suffering in captivity. Wildlife. Not Pets. The exotic pet trade is one of the biggest threats to millions of Everyone, from our supporters and pet-owners to the wider wild animals. World Animal Protection’s new Wildlife. Not public has an important role to play in protecting millions of Pets campaign aims to disrupt this industry and to protect wild wild animals from terrible suffering. We will work together animals from being poached from the wild and bred into to uncover and build awareness of this suffering, and take cruel captivity, just to become someone’s pet. action to stop the cruelty. This campaign builds on sustained successful campaigning Companies, governments and international trade to protect wild animals from the cruel wildlife tourism industry. organisations involved in the wildlife pet trade, whether Since 2015, over 1.6 million people around the globe have wittingly or not, all have a crucial role to play. They can cut taken action to move the travel industry. TripAdvisor and out illegal wildlife crimes, and they can do more to protect other online travel platforms have committed to stop profiting wild animals from this cruellest of trades. from wildlife cruelty. Over 200 travel companies worldwide have pledged to become elephant and wildlife-friendly. Now is the time to turn the tide on the exotic pet trade and keep wild animals in the wild, where they belong. Wildlife. Not Pets focuses a global spotlight on the booming global trade in wild animals kept as pets at home, also known as ‘exotic pets’. -
COMPANION Disorientation and Depression
INSIDE Love at First A “Kneady” Cat Nevins Farm Pet Horoscopes! Sight Gets the Care Winter Page 7 Page 2 She Needs Festival —Come Page 3 Meet Santa! Page 4 Holiday Poison Control Animal Poison Control Hotline 877-2ANGELL Along with holiday and winter fun come a exaggerated, mild stomach upset could still host of hazards for pets — ingested occur if ingested. substances that can be harmful or 5. Yeast dough: If swallowed, even cause death. To help pet uncooked yeast dough can rise in caretakers deal with these the stomach and cause extreme emergencies, the Angell Animal discomfort. Pets who have eaten Medical Centers have teamed up bread dough may experience with the ASPCA’s board-certified abdominal pain, bloat, vomiting, veterinary toxicologists to offer a COMPANION disorientation and depression. unique 24-hour, seven-days-a-week Since a breakdown product of poison hotline. Help is now just a rising dough is alcohol, it can Fall/Winter 2005 phone call away. Call the also potentially cause alcohol Angell Animal Poison Control Chocolate causes indigestion. poisoning. Many yeast Hotline at 877-2ANGELL. Here ingestions require surgical removal of is a list of 10 items that you should keep the dough, and even small amounts can away from your pets this holiday season: be dangerous. 1. Chocolate: Clinical effects can 6. Table food (fatty, spicy), moldy be seen with the ingestion of Sam was in desperate need of blood due to foods, poultry bones: Poultry as little as 1/4 ounce of the severity of her condition. Luckily, Angell bones can splinter and cause baking chocolate by a is able to perform blood transfusions on-site. -
Wildlife Farms, Stigma and Harm
animals Article Wildlife Farms, Stigma and Harm Jessica Bell Rizzolo Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; [email protected] Received: 25 August 2020; Accepted: 28 September 2020; Published: 1 October 2020 Simple Summary: Wildlife farming is a practice where wild animals are legally bred for consumption in a manner similar to agricultural animals. This is a controversial conservation practice that also has implications for animal welfare and human livelihoods. However, most work on wildlife farming has focused solely on conservation or animal welfare rather than considering all of these ethical factors simultaneously. This paper uses interview data with academics to analyze (a) the harms and benefits of wildlife farms and (b) how wildlife farms are labeled detrimental (stigmatized) or acceptable. Results indicate that consideration of the harms and benefits of wildlife farms incorporate conservation, animal welfare, scale disparities between sustenance and commercial farms, consumer preferences, species differences, the dynamics of demand for wildlife products, and governance. Whether wildlife farms are stigmatized or accepted is influenced by different social constructions of the term “wildlife farm”, if there is a stigma around use of a species, a form of production, or the perceived quality of a wildlife product, cultural differences, consumer preferences, geopolitical factors, and demand reduction efforts. This paper discusses how the ethics of wildlife farms are constructed and how shifts in context can alter the ethical repercussions of wildlife farms. Abstract: Wildlife farming, the commercial breeding and legal sale of non-domesticated species, is an increasingly prevalent, persistently controversial, and understudied conservation practice. -
The Impact of Information on Attitudes Toward Sustainable Wildlife Utilization and Management: a Survey of the Chinese Public
animals Article The Impact of Information on Attitudes toward Sustainable Wildlife Utilization and Management: A Survey of the Chinese Public Zhifan Song 1,† , Qiang Wang 2,†, Zhen Miao 1 , Kirsten Conrad 3, Wei Zhang 1,*, Xuehong Zhou 1,* and Douglas C. MacMillan 4 1 College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; [email protected] (Z.S.); [email protected] (Z.M.) 2 Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; [email protected] 3 International Association for Wildlife, Gungahlin, Canberra, ACT 2912, Australia; [email protected] 4 Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NR, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (W.Z.); [email protected] (X.Z.) † Equal contributions. Simple Summary: The widespread dissemination of information related to wildlife utilization in new online media and traditional media undoubtedly impacts societal conservation concepts and attitudes, thus triggering public discussions on the relationship between conservation and utilization. In this study, questionnaires were distributed in seven major geographic regions of Chinese mainland Citation: Song, Z.; Wang, Q.; Miao, to investigate the public’s awareness and agreement with information related to the utilization of Z.; Conrad, K.; Zhang, W.; Zhou, X.; wildlife in order to measure the impact of information on various issues relating wildlife conservation MacMillan, D.C. The Impact of and utilization. The Chinese public had the greatest awareness and agreement with information Information on Attitudes toward that prevents unsustainable and illegal utilization, and the least awareness and agreement with Sustainable Wildlife Utilization and information that promotes unsustainable utilization. -
Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 3-2005 Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis Zu Shuxian Anhui Medical University Peter J. Li University of Houston-Downtown Pei-Feng Su Independent Animal Welfare Consultant Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/socatani Recommended Citation Shuxian, Z., Li, P. J., & Su, P. F. (2005). Animal welfare consciousness of Chinese college students: findings and analysis. China Information, 19(1), 67-95. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis Zu Shuxian1, Peter J. Li2, and Pei-Feng Su3 1 Anhui Medical University 2 University of Houston-Downtown 3 Independent Animal Welfare Consultant KEYWORDS college students, cultural change, animal welfare consciousness ABSTRACT The moral character of China’s single-child generation has been studied by Chinese researchers since the early 1990s. Recent acts of animal cruelty by college students turned this subject of academic inquiry into a topic of public debate. This study joins the inquiry by asking if the perceived unique traits of the single-child generation, i.e. self- centeredness, lack of compassion, and indifference to the feelings of others, are discernible in their attitudes toward animals. Specifically, the study investigates whether the college students are in favor of better treatment of animals, objects of unprecedented exploitation on the Chinese mainland. With the help of two surveys conducted in selected Chinese universities, this study concludes that the college students, a majority of whom belong to the single-child generation, are not morally compromised. -
Rev. Kim K. Crawford Harvie Arlington Street Church 3 October, 2010
1 Rev. Kim K. Crawford Harvie Arlington Street Church 3 October, 2010 Love Dogs One night a man was crying, Allah! Allah! His lips grew sweet with the praising, until a cynic said, “So! I have heard you calling out, but have you ever gotten any response?” The man had no answer to that. He quit praying and fell into a confused sleep. He dreamed he saw Khidr,1 the guide of souls, in a thick, green foliage. “Why did you stop praising?” [he asked] “Because I've never heard anything back.” [Khidr, the guide of souls, spoke:] This longing you express is the return message. The grief you cry out from draws you toward union. Your pure sadness that wants help is the secret cup. Listen to the moan of a dog for its master. That whining is the connection. There are love dogs 1 possibly pronounced KY-derr 2 no one knows the names of. Give your life to be one of them.2 That's our friend Rumi, the13th century Persian Sufi mystic: Give your life to be a love dog. George Thorndike Angell was born in 1823. Perhaps because of a childhood in poverty, he had deep convictions about social change. He was already well known for his fourteen year partnership with the antislavery activist Samuel E. Sewall when, one day in March of 1868, two horses, each carrying two riders over forty miles of rough road, were raced until they both dropped dead. George Angell was appalled. He penned a letter of protest that appeared in the Boston Daily Advertiser, “where it caught the attention of Emily Appleton, a prominent Bostonian who deeply loved animals and was already nurturing the first stirrings of an American anticruelty movement. -
Under What Circumstances Can Wildlife Farming Benefit Species
Global Ecology and Conservation 6 (2016) 286–298 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Global Ecology and Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gecco Review paper Under what circumstances can wildlife farming benefit species conservation? Laura Tensen ∗ Molecular Zoology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa h i g h l i g h t s • Farmed wildlife products should be consider equal in quality, taste, and status. • The demand for wildlife products cannot increase due to the legalized market. • Wildlife farming should be more cost-efficient than poaching. • Wildlife farms should not depend on wild populations for restocking. • Laundering of illegal wildlife products into the commercial trade should be absent. article info a b s t r a c t Article history: Wild animals and their derivatives are traded worldwide. Consequent poaching has been a Received 8 December 2015 main threat to species conservation. As current interventions and law enforcement cannot Received in revised form 22 March 2016 circumvent the resulting extinction of species, an alternative approach must be considered. Accepted 22 March 2016 It has been suggested that commercial breeding can keep the pressure off wild populations, referred to as wildlife farming. During this review, it is argued that wildlife farming can benefit species conservation only if the following criteria are met: (i) the legal products Keywords: will form a substitute, and consumers show no preference for wild-caught animals; (ii) Wildlife trade Wildlife farming a substantial part of the demand is met, and the demand does not increase due to the Commercial breeding legalized market; (iii) the legal products will be more cost-efficient, in order to combat Rhino horn the black market prices; (iv) wildlife farming does not rely on wild populations for re- Bear bile stocking; (v) laundering of illegal products into the commercial trade is absent. -
The State of the Animals: 2001 More Than a Slap on the Wrist
Overview: The State of Animals in 2001 Paul G. Irwin he blizzard of commentary tors have taken part in a fascinating, environments; and change their inter- marking the turn of the millen- sometimes frustrating, dialogue that actions with other animals, evolving Tnium is slowly coming to an end. seeks to balance the needs of the nat- from exploitation and harm to Assessments of the past century (and, ural world with those of the world’s respect and compassion. more ambitiously, the past millenni- most dominant species—and in the Based upon that mission, The HSUS um) have ranged from the self-con- process create a truly humane society. almost fifty years after its founding gratulatory to the condemnatory. The strains created by unrestrained in 1954, “has sought to respond cre- Written from political, technological, development and accelerating harm atively and realistically to new chal- cultural, environmental, and other to the natural world make it impera- lenges and opportunities to protect perspectives, some of these commen- tive that the new century’s under- animals” (HSUS 1991), primarily taries have provided the public with standing of the word “humane” incor- through legislative, investigative, and thoughtful, uplifting analyses. At porate the insight that our human educational means. least one commentary has concluded fate is linked inextricably to that of It is only coincidentally that the that a major issue facing the United all nonhuman animals and that we choice has been made to view the States and the world is the place and all have a duty to promote active, animal condition through thoughtful plight of animals in the twenty-first steady, thorough notions of justice analysis of the past half century—the century, positing that the last few and fair treatment to animals and life span of The HSUS—rather than of decades of the twentieth century saw nonhuman nature. -
Li, Peter J. (2016) Animal Suffering in China. Animal Sentience 7(8) DOI: 10.51291/2377-7478.1093
Li, Peter J. (2016) Animal suffering in China. Animal Sentience 7(8) DOI: 10.51291/2377-7478.1093 This article has appeared in the journal Animal Sentience, a peer-reviewed journal on animal cognition and feeling. It has been made open access, free for all, by WellBeing International and deposited in the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Animal Sentience 2016.078: Li Commentary on Ng on Animal Suffering Animal suffering in China Commentary on Ng on Animal Suffering Peter J. Li Department of Political Science University of Houston-Downtown Abstract: Chinese policy has been aimed at maximizing GDP; it is time to focus also on minimizing animal suffering. Peter J. Li [email protected] specializes in China's domestic and foreign policies, environmental and wildlife policy, and political and social transformation under conditions of economic modernization. He consults for Humane Society International on animal welfare policy issues in China and other East Asian nations. https://www.uhd.edu/academics/humanities/undergraduate- programs/political-science/Pages/political-science-lip.aspx As a political scientist, I have been asked why my work does not seem to have much to do with “high political” issues of foreign policy, nuclear security or geopolitics. It was the politics of animal treatment that drew me into this developing field. The work of Ng (2016), an economist by training, is another example of the importance of animal welfare problems to scholars of diverse academic backgrounds. Ng's three "simple ways" to reduce animal suffering — regulation, prohibition of cruelty, and less emphasis on GDP — seem to be addressed to China specifically, the country of my expertise. -
Wild Animal Welfare: the Commercial Use of Wildlife Lecture Notes
Module 22 Wild Animal Welfare: The Commercial Use of Wildlife Lecture Notes Slide 1: This lecture was revised by World Animal Protection scientific advisors in 2012 using updates provided by Dr Caroline Hewson. Slide 2: This module continues our discussion on the effects of human activities on wildlife welfare. This presentation discusses the commercial uses of wild animal species – namely, trade and hunting. We will first consider the context in which these activities occur, and why welfare is not a dominant concern for the parties involved. We will then focus on the welfare problems in each usage. We will also consider specific welfare examples, and the solutions to the problems concerned. Slide 3: The most diverse and desired wildlife species live in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the southern hemisphere. The countries in those regions tend to be poor or developing, which creates two difficulties: • it is hard for the authorities to enforce the protection of wildlife • the poorest people are typically rural and many live on the edges of protected areas. They may find their traditional farming livelihood restricted, while having little or no benefit from living next to the protected areas. These local factors, combined with the international desire to possess or otherwise use the wildlife concerned, contribute to trapping, hunting and trading practices that endanger the species, and severely diminish the welfare of the individual animals who are traded. Concepts in Animal Welfare 3rd Edition © 2014 Module 22: Wild Animal Welfare: The Commercial Use of Wildlife Lecture Notes Slide 4: In addition to national legislation that may cover these issues, there are specific international agreements and associations that are supposed to work together to combat trade in wildlife, especially endangered species. -
Final Report Policy Guidelines for Game Farming and Game
Final Report Policy Guidelines for Game Farming and Game Ranching in Tanzania August 2000 Task Order No. 12 Contract No. PCE-I-00-96-00002-00 Final Report Policy Guidelines for Game Farming and Game Ranching in Tanzania Prepared by: Clark Lungren Malte Sommerlatte Charles Mlingwa Prepared for: The Wildlife Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism The United Republic of Tanzania and USAID/Tanzania–EPIQ GTZ-CBC Project August 2000 Environmental Policy and Institutional Strengthening Indefinite Quantity Contract (EPIQ) Partners: International Resources Group, Winrock International, and Harvard Institute for International Development Subcontractors: PADCO; Management Systems International; and Development Alternatives, Inc. Collaborating Institutions: Center for Naval Analysis Corporation; Conservation International; KNB Engineering and Applied Sciences, Inc..; Keller-Bliesner Engineering; Resource Management International, Inc.; Tellus Institute; Urban Institute; and World Resources Institute Table Of Contents Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... vi 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Game Farming And Game Ranching Consultancy .................................................. 1 1.2 Purpose Of These Policy Guidelines....................................................................... 1 1.3 Definitions ............................................................................................................