Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature Andrea Selleri • Philip Gaydon Editors Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature Andrea Selleri • Philip Gaydon Editors Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature Andrea Selleri • Philip Gaydon Editors Literary Studies and the Philosophy of Literature New Interdisciplinary Directions Editors Andrea Selleri Philip Gaydon Department of English and Department of Philosophy Comparative Literature University of Warwick University of Warwick Coventry, United Kingdom Coventry, UK ISBN 978-3-319-33146-1 ISBN 978-3-319-33147-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-33147-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016958287 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 The author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Design and Patents Act. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the pub- lisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © tofino / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is a distant offshoot of the conference 21st-Century Theories of Literature: Essence, Fiction and Value, which we organised at the University of Warwick in March 2014. Our thanks go to Eileen John for her work with us on that project, as well as to all participants. Financial support for the conference was provided by the British Society of Aesthetics, the American Society for Aesthetics, the Analysis Trust, and the University of Warwick’s Humanities Research Centre, International Office, Philosophy Department and Institute for Advanced Studies. We published some of our considerations stemming from the event as ‘21st-Century Theories of Literature: A Critical Reflection on an Interdisciplinary Event’ (2014) in Exchanges: The Warwick Research Journal, 2:1, 174–183 (web). We would like to thank Karen Simecek and an anonymous reviewer for helping shape those thoughts. We then jointly presented some of our results at the conference Transfusion and Transformation: The Creative Potential of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Exchange at the University of Durham. Thanks also have to go to Michael Luntley for helping with those essays which covered areas where our expertise was lacking. Andrea Selleri would also like to thank his family and his partner for their continued support. Phil Gaydon would like to thank the IATL team for continuing to help shape his thoughts on interdisciplinary prac- tice, Eileen John and Jackie Labbe for allowing him to finish this project despite the fact his PhD still needs to be completed, and his family, friends, and Sophie for being the ones who continue to support him through everything. v CONTENTS 1 Introduction 1 Andrea Selleri and Philip Gaydon Part I Interdisciplinary Interaction in Theory 15 2 Criticism, Philosophy and the Differend 17 Catherine Belsey 3 The Discipline of Literary Studies 37 Stein Haugom Olsen 4 Analytic Philosophy of Literature: Problems and Prospects 65 Jukka Mikkonen Part II Interdisciplinary Interaction in Practice 81 5 ‘I Will Draw a Map of What You Never See’: Cartographic Metaphor in Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations 83 Michael Rose-Steel vii viii Contents 6 The Pleasures of Solipsism for Writers and Philosophers 103 Ery Shin 7 To Tell What Happened as Invention: Literature and Philosophy on Learning from Fiction 123 Manuel García-Carpintero Part III Using the Philosophy of Literature in Literary Studies 149 8 Poetic Utterances: Attuning Poetry and Philosophy 151 Maximilian de Gaynesford 9 What Difference (If Any) Is There Between Reading as Fiction and Reading as Non-fiction? 169 Derek Matravers 10 The Opacity of Testimony; or, What the Philosophy of Literature Can Tell Us About How to Read Holocaust Narratives 185 Samuel O’Donoghue Part IV Using Literary Studies in the Philosophy of Literature 205 11 Literary Examples in Analytic Aesthetics: The Claim of the Empirical 207 Andrea Selleri 12 What Do We Do with Words? Framing What Is at Stake in Dealing with Literature 225 Marianna Ginocchietti and Giulia Zanfabro Contents ix 13 Electronic Literature and Its Departure from the Supremacy of the Author Function 243 Heiko Zimmermann Bibliography 267 Index 287 CONTRIBUTORS Catherine Belsey is Professor Emeritus at Swansea University and Visiting Professor in English at the University of Derby. Her books include Criticism (2016), Critical Practice, Poststructuralism: A Very Short Introduction, Culture and the Real and A Future for Criticism. She has also published books on Shakespeare, Milton and love stories in Western culture. Maximilian de Gaynesford formerly Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Reading. He is the author of I: The Meaning of the First Person Term, Hilary Putnam and John McDowell, as well as many articles on aesthetics, and philosophy of mind and language. Manuel García-Carpintero has a PhD from the University of Barcelona, where he has taught since 1984. He was a Fellow at the Center for the Advanced Studies in the Humanities and has been appointed Visiting Professor at the University of Lisbon. He has published papers on philosophical logic, the philosophy of lan- guage, the philosophy of mind, and related epistemological and metaphysical issues. Currently he is completing a book for OUP on the nature of speech acts, assertion in particular, entitled Tell Me What You Know. Marianna Ginocchietti has recently completed a PhD in Philosophy at the University of Trieste with a thesis titled Actions: A Plea for An Ordinary Framework. Her main research interests lie in the areas of philosophy of action, pragmatics and speech act theory. Stein Haugom Olsen is at present Pro-Rector at Østfold University College in Norway. He has held chairs at the Universities of Oslo and Bergen in Norway and at Lingnan University, Hong Kong. He has written extensively on problems in the xi xii Contributors philosophy of literature and literary aesthetics as well as a number of articles of literary criticism. He is currently working on a book about the origin of literary criticism as an academic discipline. Derek Matravers is Professor of Philosophy at the Open University and a Senior Member of Darwin College, Cambridge. He has published two books recently: Introducing Philosophy of Art: Eight Case Studies and Fiction and Narrative. He is also the author of Art and Emotion, as well as numerous articles on aesthetics, eth- ics and the philosophy of mind. Jukka Mikkonen is a Post-doctoral Fellow at the School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Tampere, Finland. He has published The Cognitive Value of Philosophical Fiction and he has authored papers on philosophical fiction and cognitive value in a number of collections and journals. Samuel O’Donoghue is currently completing a PhD in Hispanic Studies at University College London. His thesis examines the influence of the French writer Marcel Proust on contemporary Spanish memory fiction. His research in the fields of comparative literature, Spanish literature and Holocaust testimony has appeared in Modern Language Review, Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, Forum for Modern Language Studies, Romance Studies and Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies. Mike Rose-Steel is a PhD researcher at the University of Exeter, writing on Wittgenstein, poetics and the limits of expression. His publications include ‘The Mysterious and the Marginal: The Incubation of Poetry Within and About the Occult Writings of Sir John Grantner’ and ‘Cartographical Thinking and the Poetry of Kei Miller’. His research is combined with his poetic practice in his Paraphernalium, a collaborative pamphlet through Spindlebox, and site-specific projects with the Exegesis writing collective. In 2015, he co-curated ‘Wor(l)ds­ in Collision’, an exhibition of text-art accompanying the British Wittgenstein Society annual conference. Andrea Selleri is an Associate Fellow at the University of Warwick, where he recently completed a PhD in English and Comparative Literary Studies. His areas of interest include nineteenth-century European literary culture, intellectual his- tory more generally, and the philosophy of literature. His work on these matters has appeared in the Philosophy and Literature, Review of English Studies, the Journal of Literary Theory, Notes and Queries and Authorship. He is writing a book on the idea of the author in nineteenth-century literary criticism. Ery Shin is a Lecturer at Stanford University’s Structured Liberal Education Program. Among her areas of interest are modernism, queer-feminist criticism, phenomenology, art history, and East Asian film. Her current book project thinks through Gertrude Stein’s surrealist gestures against the backdrop of WWII and Contributors xiii her own Jewish-American heritage, while her individual essays can be found in Texas Studies in Literature and Language and the Journal of Modern Literature. Giulia Zanfabro has recently completed a PhD in Literary Theory at the University of Trieste with a thesis on children’s literature. She graduated at the University of Trieste with a thesis on J.
Recommended publications
  • Attuning Poetry and Philosophy
    The old quarrel Article Accepted Version De Gaynesford, M. (2020) The old quarrel. Forum For Philosophy. Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/93065/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Published version at: https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/theforum/the-old-quarrel/ All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online ATTUNING POETRY AND PHILOSOPHY Maximilian de Gaynesford on the old quarrel between poetry and philosophy Analytic philosophers may find nothing untoward about the following snippet of autobiography: I stopped writing in the fashion of a poet who puts down what sounds good to him and who needn’t defend his lines (either they resonate with a reader or they don’t). Instead, I tried to ask myself, when writing: precisely what does this sentence contribute to the developing exposition or argument, and is it true? You become analytical when you practise that sort of (frequently painful) self-criticism. The author captures what drew many of us towards this way of doing philosophy, what keeps us at it. Quote this to a wider audience however, and you may find people react with a mixture of recognition and horror. Recognition, because the author captures exactly what keeps them away from analytic philosophy.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Meaning and World
    Understanding Meaning and World Understanding Meaning and World: A Relook on Semantic Externalism By Sanjit Chakraborty Understanding Meaning and World: A Relook on Semantic Externalism By Sanjit Chakraborty This book first published 2016 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2016 by Sanjit Chakraborty All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-9103-7 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-9103-5 To my Gurudev Hilary Putnam, Who taught me how to love philosophy a little more... Without whom not! CONTENTS Acknowledgements .................................................................................... ix Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter One ................................................................................................. 7 The Internalism-Externalism Debate in Contemporary Philosophy of Language and Mind Introduction (1.1) Contemporary Debate: Internalism Verses Externalism (1.2) Descriptivism of Frege and Russell (1.3) Putnam’s and Kripke’s Theses on Reference (1.4) Putnam on Externalism Concluding Remarks Chapter Two .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Plea for Perlocutions
    CONVERSATIONS 4 A Plea for Perlocutions DAVID KAUFMANN After staging the shipwreck of the constative-performative distinction halfway through How To Do Things With Words, J.L. Austin goes on famously to “make a fresh start on the problem.”1 He relinquishes the original opposition between making statements and doing things and then introduces a ternary account of speech acts. He distinguishes between locutionary acts (in which we produce sounds with “a certain sense and a cer- tain reference”[95]), illocutionary acts (in which we perform acts such as “asking or answering a question, giving some information… announcing a verdict...and the nume- rous like” [98-99]), and perlocutionary acts (in which we “produce consequential ef- fects upon the feelings, thoughts or actions of an audience, or of the speaker, or of other persons”[101]). For all the philosophical ink that has been spilled on Austin, not much has been devoted to perlocutions. Locutions and illocutions get almost all the action. Stanley Cavell has been one of the few philosophers to emphasize the impor- tance of the perlocutionary for speech act theory. In his forward to the second edition of Shoshana Felman’s The Scandal of the Speaking Body and in his essay “Performa- tive and Passionate Utterances,” Cavell assumes, as Stephen Mulhall puts it, that Aus- tin believes that “the perlocutionary effect of any utterance [is] extrinsic to its sense and force” and thus that the perlocutionary can be opposed to the illocutionary act.2 Because Austin maintains that the illocutionary is conventional and the perlocutio- nary is not (121), Cavell argues that illocutions come down on the side of the Law, while perlocutions give voice to Desire.
    [Show full text]
  • Wittgenstein's Anti-Scientistic Worldview
    Final draft of article published in Jonathan Beale and Ian James Kidd (eds.), Wittgenstein and Scientism (London: Routledge, 2017), pp. 59-80 (www.routledge.com/Wittgenstein-and-Scientism/Beale- Kidd/p/book/9781138829398) Wittgenstein’s Anti-scientistic Worldview Jonathan Beale A main source of our failure to understand is that we don’t have an overview of the use of our words. – Our grammar is deficient in surveyability. A surveyable representation produces precisely that kind of understanding which consists in ‘seeing connections’. … The concept of a surveyable representation is of fundamental significance for us. It characterizes the way we represent things, how we look at matters. (Is this a ‘Weltanschauung’?) (PI §122) This chapter outlines ways in which Wittgenstein’s opposition to scientism is manifest in his later conception of philosophy and the negative attitude he held toward his times. The chapter tries to make clear how these two areas of Wittgenstein’s thought are connected and reflect an anti-scientistic worldview he held, one intimated in the above passage. It is argued that the later Wittgenstein’s metaphilosophy is marked out against two scientistic claims in particular. First, the view that the scientific method is superior to all other means of learning or gaining knowledge. Second, the view that scientific knowledge is superior to all other kinds of knowledge and understanding. Wittgenstein’s opposition to these claims is brought out through examining a fundamental aim of his later philosophy, producing the ‘kind of understanding which consists in “seeing connections”’ (PI §122), and his attempts to expose certain philosophical confusions.
    [Show full text]
  • John Mcdowell - Wikipedia
    2019/7/25 John McDowell - Wikipedia John McDowell John Henry McDowell (born 7 March 1942) is a South African John Henry McDowell philosopher, formerly a fellow of University College, Oxford and now University Professor at the University of Pittsburgh. Although he has written extensively on metaphysics, epistemology, ancient philosophy, and meta-ethics, McDowell's most influential work has been in the philosophy of mind and philosophy of language. McDowell was one of three recipients of the 2010 Andrew W. Mellon Foundation's Distinguished Achievement Award,[6] and is a Fellow of both the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the British Academy. McDowell has, throughout his career, understood philosophy to be "therapeutic" and thereby to "leave everything as it is", which he understands to be a form of philosophical quietism (although he does not consider himself to be a "quietist"). The philosophical quietist believes that John McDowell in Paris, October philosophy cannot make any explanatory comment about how, for example, 2007 thought and talk relate to the world but can, by offering re-descriptions of [1] philosophically problematic cases, return the confused philosopher to a Born 7 March 1942 state of intellectual quietude. However, in defending this quietistic Boksburg, South perspective McDowell has engaged with the work of leading Africa contemporaries in such a way as to therapeutically dissolve what he takes to Alma mater University College of be philosophical error, while developing original and distinctive theses Rhodesia and about language, mind and value. In each case, he has tried to resist the Nyasaland (as issued influence of what he regards as a misguided, reductive form of by University of philosophical naturalism that dominates the work of his contemporaries, London) particularly in North America.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critique of John Mcdowell's Theory of Moral Perception
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2021 A Critique of John McDowell's Theory of Moral Perception Edward Ray Falls [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Metaphysics Commons Recommended Citation Falls, Edward Ray, "A Critique of John McDowell's Theory of Moral Perception. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/6517 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Edward Ray Falls entitled "A Critique of John McDowell's Theory of Moral Perception." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Philosophy. Kristina Gehrman, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Kristina Gehrman, Jon Garthoff, Clerk Shaw, Megan Bryson Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) A Critique of John McDowell’s Theory of Moral Perception A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Edward Falls August 2021 Abstract This dissertation examines an argument that John McDowell’s view is structurally analogous to Protagoreanism, and that arguments structurally analogous to Plato’s arguments against Protagoreanism apply to McDowell’s view.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critique of John Mcdowell's Conception of Experience and Nature
    EXPERIENCE AND THE WORLD OF THE LIVING: A CRITIQUE OF JOHN MCDOWELL’S CONCEPTION OF EXPERIENCE AND NATURE Gregory S. Hakos A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2007 Committee: Michael Bradie, Advisor Cynthia Baron, Graduate Faculty Representative Sara Worley Marvin Belzer ii ABSTRACT Michael Bradie, Advisor John McDowell’s work (in Mind and World and elsewhere) has largely been devoted to two main objectives: 1) defending a non-traditional form of empiricism; and 2) articulating a revised conception of nature. McDowell sees these two objectives as connected. He wants to defend a conception of experience as involving the reception of conceptual “impressions” from the world. But, he sees that such a conception of experience seems to be blocked by a dominant form of naturalism which views nature as devoid of value and meaning. Such a “disenchanted” view of nature makes it impossible to combine the idea that impressions are impacts from the world with the idea that impressions are conceptually structured (by human minds). McDowell’s solution to this problem involves “re-enchanting” or revising naturalism so that nature can be understood as incorporating a “second nature”. McDowell’s notion of second nature is intended to “make room” (in nature) for the idea that the world’s impacts on the sensory faculties of concept-using human beings can be already imbued with intentionality. I agree with McDowell that both our concept of experience and our concept of nature are in need of revision.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Contributors
    NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Chris Ackerley is Professor and former HOD of English at the University of Otago, New Zealand. His speciality is annotation, especially of Malcolm Lowry and Samuel Beckett. Recent works include Demented Particulars: The Annotated Murphy (2nd. ed. 2004), Obscure Locks, Simple Keys: The Annotated Watt (2005), and with S. E. Gontarski the Grove Press and Faber Companion to Samuel Beckett (2004 & 2006). Elizabeth Barry is an Associate Professor at the University of Warwick, UK. She has published widely on Samuel Beckett in Journal of Beckett Studies, Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd’hui and Irish Studies Review, and her monograph, Beckett and Authority: The Uses of Cliché, appeared with Palgrave Macmillan in September 2006. She has also published book chapters on the dramatists Jean Genet, Roy Williams and Sarah Kane. Jackie Blackman is a Government of Ireland scholar and has lectured on Beckett at Trinity College Dublin. In 2006 she was dramaturge for a centenary production of Endgame at the Samuel Beckett Theatre, Dublin. She gave the inaugural lecture for the Annual Beckett Lecture Series in Tel Aviv University (2007) and her essay “Beckett Judaizing Beckett” was awarded second place in the IFTR New Scholar’s prize, 2007. John Bolin is writing a D.Phil. thesis on Beckett’s novels and early aesthetic theory. He is a student at Exeter College, Oxford University. Gregory Byala has recently completed his doctoral work at Yale University with a dissertation entitled Samuel Beckett and the Problem of Beginning. He is currently a visiting lecturer at Muhlenberg College where he teaches courses on twentieth-century literature.
    [Show full text]
  • 2005-2006 the College William & Mary
    The College William & Mary 2005-2006 Undergraduate Course Catalog The Undergraduate Catalog Announcement for the Three Hundred and Thirteenth Year Williamsburg, Virginia 23185 (757) 221-4000 2005-2006 General Statement of Policy Bulletin of The College of William and Mary—Undergraduate Catalog Issue August 2005 The College of William and Mary does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, disability or age in its programs and activities. All inquiries regarding non-discrimination policies should be addressed to: Ms. Susan S. Grover Director of Equal Opportunity The College of William and Mary Hornsby House P. O. Box 8795 Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795 (757) 221-2615 Note: The catalog provides announcements for the 2005-2006 academic year. It is current until August 2006. The College reserves the right to make changes in the regulations, charges and curricula listed herein at any time. CataLOGS ARE ISSUED FOR OTHER COLLEGE PROGRamS AS FOLLOWS: School of Business School of Education Graduate Studies in Arts and Sciences School of Marine Science Marshall-Wythe School of Law The Honor System Among the most significant traditions of the College of William and Mary is its student ad- ministered Honor System. The spirit and essence of the Honor System have existed at the College for more than 200 years and are embodied in the Honor Code. It asserts that honor and personal integrity are fundamental attributes essential of the climate of trust which must exist in a community of scholars. The Code is an agreement, accepted by each student who enrolls, not to lie, cheat or steal or to tolerate such behavior in others.
    [Show full text]
  • The Philosophy of the Face and 20Th Century Literature and Art
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2005 The hiP losophy of the Face and 20th Century Literature and Art Bernard J. Rhie University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Art and Design Commons, Comparative Literature Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, Esthetics Commons, Fine Arts Commons, Graphic Communications Commons, Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Other Philosophy Commons, Philosophy of Mind Commons, Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics Commons, and the Theory and Criticism Commons Recommended Citation Rhie, Bernard J., "The hiP losophy of the Face and 20th Century Literature and Art" (2005). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1000. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1000 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1000 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The hiP losophy of the Face and 20th Century Literature and Art Abstract This dissertation explores the importance of the human face in modern literature, philosophy, and art. "Meaning is a physiognomy," wrote Wittgenstein--quite literally, if somewhat cryptically--in the Philosophical Investigations. My project takes this remark seriously and begins, in chapters one and two, by reading Wittgenstein's discussion of aspect-seeing alongside recent work in cognitive science and the philosophy of mind in order to explain how we perceive mentality in the appearance of a human face. I then trace the surprising ways in which our ability to understand facial expressions informs not only the way we understand language, but also other minds and the concept of personhood itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Version Via Utrecht University Repository
    Nonconceptual Content in Perception By Loren Bremmers 5687691 Master's Thesis submitted for the RMA Philosophy Utrecht University June 21, 2019 Supervisor: Dr. Menno Lievers Second reader: Prof. dr. Stefan van der Stigchel Third reader: Prof. dr. Teun Tieleman Master’s Thesis RMA Philosophy by Loren Bremmers Abstract Since the publication of Gareth Evans’s The Varieties of Reference in 1982, in which Evans introduced the distinction between conceptual and nonconceptual content, there has been an ongoing debate in the philosophy of perception about the nature of the content of perceptual experiences. At first sight, the debate between conceptualists and nonconceptualists does not seem that difficult to get a grip on, as most proponents or opponents of nonconceptual content use versions of the same arguments to argue for and against one of the two positions. However, this thesis shows that there is a complication: methodological disagreements between conceptualists and nonconceptualists cause the participants in the debate to talk past one another. In response to this complication, this thesis argues that (1) philosophical accounts of perception must meet two conditions if a more constructive debate between conceptualists and nonconceptualists is to be realized, and that (2) given my conditions for philosophical accounts of perception, perceptual content can best be understood as nonconceptual. Keywords: Conceptualism, John McDowell, Nonconceptual content, Nonconceptualism, Perceptual content, Perceptual experience, Philosophy of perception
    [Show full text]
  • Peter Lamarque's Aesthetic Essentialism
    University of Reading Peter Lamarque’s Aesthetic Essentialism PhD Thesis Mona Roxana Shields Department of Philosophy October 2016 Abstract This thesis argues that the aesthetic character of some conceptual works of art can be determined by the possession of essential aesthetic properties. By discussing Peter Lamarque’s account of individual aesthetic essentialism one can suggest that conceptual works can be aesthetically investigated. Chapter I introduces the concept of the aesthetic and discusses Frank Sibley’s account of aesthetic concepts. Chapter II analyses in detail Sibley’s two-fold relational character of aesthetic properties. Chapter III introduces Lamarque’s concept of aesthetic properties and it also insists on a distinction between artistic and aesthetic properties. Chapter IV introduces a general account of essentialism and then discusses Lamarque’s new-object theory. Chapter V investigates Lamarque’s weaker version of individual aesthetic essentialism and analyses the distinction between essential and inessential aesthetic properties. Finally, Chapter VI considers the aesthetics of conceptual art and argues that some conceptual pieces have essential aesthetic properties. The philosophical discussions are supported by appeal to many different works of art, from traditional works to contemporary works. I conclude that all conceptual works have aesthetic properties but mostly there are inessential properties. My suggestion at the end of this thesis is more radical. A close analysis identified essential aesthetic properties in some conceptual works of art and this contributes to the aesthetic character and value of these works. Declaration I confirm that this is my own work and the use of all material from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]