St. Petersburg State University Graduate School of Management

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St. Petersburg State University Graduate School of Management St. Petersburg State University Graduate School of Management Master in Management Program THE ROLE OF DIGITALISATION IN THE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE FOOD DELIVERY SECTOR: COVID-19 CRISIS IMPACT Master's Thesis by the 2nd year student Concentration – Master in Management Valeriya Khazova Research advisor: Professor, Sergey A. Starov St. Petersburg 2021 ЗАЯВЛЕНИЕ О САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОМ ХАРАКТЕРЕ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ВЫПУСКНОЙ КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННОЙ РАБОТЫ Я, Хазова Валерия Андриановна, студентка второго курса магистратуры направления «Менеджмент», заявляю, что в моей магистерской диссертации на тему «Роль диджитализации в развитии бизнеса в секторе доставки еды: влияние кризиса COVID-19», представленной в службу обеспечения программ магистратуры для последующей передачи в государственную аттестационную комиссию для публичной защиты, не содержится элементов плагиата. Все прямые заимствования из печатных и электронных источников, а также из защищенных ранее выпускных квалификационных работ, кандидатских и докторских диссертаций имеют соответствующие ссылки. Мне известно содержание п. 9.7.1 Правил обучения по основным образовательным программам высшего и среднего профессионального образования в СПбГУ о том, что «ВКР выполняется индивидуально каждым студентом под руководством назначенного ему научного руководителя», и п. 51 Устава федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет» о том, что «студент подлежит отчислению из Санкт- Петербургского университета за представление курсовой или выпускной квалификационной работы, выполненной другим лицом (лицами)». _________ (Подпись студента) 08.07.2021 (Дата) STATEMENT ABOUT THE INDEPENDENT CHARACTER OF THE MASTER THESIS I, Khazova Valeriya, (second) year master student, program «Management», state that my master thesis on the topic «The Role of Digitalisation in the Business Development in Food Delivery Sector: COVID-19 Crisis Impact», which is presented to the Master Office to be submitted to the Official Defense Committee for the public defense, does not contain any elements of plagiarism. All direct borrowings from printed and electronic sources, as well as from master theses, PhD and doctorate theses which were defended earlier, have appropriate references. I am aware that according to paragraph 9.7.1. of Guidelines for instruction in major curriculum programs of higher and secondary professional education at St. Petersburg University «A master thesis must be completed by each of the degree candidates individually under the supervision of his or her advisor», and according to paragraph 51 of Charter of the Federal State Institution of Higher Education Saint-Petersburg State University «a student can be expelled from St. Petersburg University for submitting of the course or graduation qualification work developed by other person (persons)». _________(Student’s signature) 08.07.2021 (Date) 2 ABSTRACT Master Student Khazova Valeriya Master Thesis Title The Role of Digitalisation in the Business Development in Food Delivery Sector: COVID-19 Crisis Impact Educational Program Master in Management Field of Study Management Year 2021 Academic Advisor Starov Sergey Description of the goal, tasks and main results The main goal of the current study is to assess to role of the digitalisation partially cause by COVID-19 crisis in the business development of the new and established companies in food delivery sector in Russia and outside the boarders (in Germany and Austria). In order to answer the research questions formulated after the literature review on the topic, an empirical study was conducted. 15 customers of the food delivery services were interviewed to obtain the findings on consumer’s perspective, and 9 managers from the various companies engaged in the sector – for the companies’ perspective. The main results of the research show that the COVID-19 pandemic not directly but heavily influenced the patterns of the industry development, and many of the changes have long-lasting effect. Key words Digitalisation, COVID-19, food delivery, grocery delivery 3 АННОТАЦИЯ Студент Хазова Валерия Андриановна Тема магистерской диссертации Роль диджитализации в развитии бизнеса в секторе доставки еды: влияние кризиса COVID-19 Образовательная программа Master in Management (MiM) Направление подготовки Менеджмент Год 2021 Научный руководитель Старов Сергей Александрович Описание цели, задач и результатов Основной целью настоящего исследования является оценка роли диджитализации, частично вызванной кризисом COVID-19, в развитии бизнеса новых и уже давно оперирующих на рынке компаний в секторе доставки продуктов питания в России и за ее пределами (в Германии и Австрии). Для того чтобы ответить на исследовательские вопросы, сформулированные после обзора литературы по данной теме, было проведено эмпирическое исследование. 15 клиентов различных сервисов доставки продуктов питания были опрошены, чтобы получить выводы о взглядах потребителей, и 9 менеджеров из компаний, работающих в этом секторе, для уточнения точки зрения компаний. Основные результаты исследования показывают, что пандемия COVID-19 не напрямую, но в значительной степени повлияля на модели развития отрасли, и многие изменения имеют долгосрочный эффект. 4 Ключевые слова Диджитализация, цифровизация, COVID- 19, сектор доставки еды, сектор доставки продуктов питания 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 8 1.1. Relevance of the study ...................................................................................................... 8 2. CHAPTER 1. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ............................................................... 10 2.1. Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1. Definition of digitalisation and conceptual framework ............................................... 10 2.1.2. Digitalisation during COVID-19 crisis ....................................................................... 12 2.1.3. Impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the customers' needs shift .................................... 14 2.1.4. Food and groceries delivery sector during COVID-19 crisis ...................................... 16 2.1.6. Research gap ................................................................................................................ 18 2.1.7. Research questions ...................................................................................................... 18 2.2. Methodology ................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.1. Research design ........................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2. Research methods ........................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3. Data collection ............................................................................................................. 23 2.2.4. Limitations of the study ............................................................................................... 26 2.2.5. Summary of the methodological choice ...................................................................... 26 7. CHAPTER 2. EMPIRICAL STUDY .................................................................................... 28 3.1. Findings .............................................................................................................................. 28 3.1.1. Consumers’ perspective ............................................................................................... 31 3.1.2. Companies’ perspective ............................................................................................... 36 3.1.3. Summary of the findings ............................................................................................. 43 3.2. Discussion ........................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.1. Theoretical Contribution ............................................................................................. 45 3.2.2. Managerial Implications .............................................................................................. 45 3.2.3. Limitations and recommendations for future research ................................................ 46 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................. 47 6 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................... 51 Appendix 1 ................................................................................................................................ 51 7 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1.Relevance of the study The current reality we are living in right now is characterised by fast-changing and a rather uncertain environment. The business environment is not an exception. With the naturally evolving and accelerating volume of various innovations coming up with the development of society associated with the growth and improving the quality of life and education comes the need in making business processes more efficient, faster and more accurate. In the era of big data and all kinds of electronic devices aimed at making both working
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