Amir Timurʼs Attitude to the Nature

GCCSA-2021- 6th Global Congress on Contemporary Sciences & Advancements Hosted online from Rome, Italy online-conferences.com June 5th, 2021 AMIR TIMURʼS ATTITUDE TO THE NATURE Usmonova Muborak Akmaldjanovna Professor and doctor of jurisprudence of the University of public safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan Akhmedova Muqaddaskhan Tursunovna Docent and doctor of jurisprudence of the University of public safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan Annotation: This article gives information about a period when Amir Timur controlled Asia then it aims to describe reforms and beautification of nature by Amir Timur Also it shows that Amir Timur was one of the greatest king who kept his countries in peace. Key words: Garden of Chinor, Garden of Dilkusho, Garden of Bexisht, Bogʻi Baland, beautification, landscaping, gardening, creativity, planting, irrigation Amir Timur considered the beautification of the country, landscaping of every city and village, prosperity of uncultivated lands as his main goal. He did not spare anything – neither time, nor labour, nor money. He raised the issue to the level of public policy. In the history of the peoples of Central Asia, especially Movarounnahr, the great statesman and commander Amir Temur and his descendants rose to its peak during the Timurid dynasty.For this reason, the XIV-XV centuries, the period of the new Timurids, the great rise in the history of science, culture and spirituality, literature and art, beautification, creativity was marked as the second period of the Eastern Renaissance. The Bibi Khanum Mosque, Gori Amir and Ahmad Yassavi, the mausoleums of Zangi ota, the architectural wonders of the Oqsaroy and Shahi Zinda, the Garden of Plane, the Garden of Dilkusho, the Garden of Paradise, the Garden of Baland, and dozens of other beautiful palaces and gardens were built under the direct leadership of Amir Timur . These monuments are, without a doubt, great emblems of human thought and intellect. Historian Sharaf al-din Ali Yazdi noted that “Amir Timur did not want to waste any old land”. His words, “Wherever I take a brick, I put ten bricks in its place, and if I cut down a tree, I planted ten saplings in its place,” are proof of our opinion. Amir Timur said that the prosperity and strength of the Motherland, the well-being of the people, peace , the health of citizens, spiritual and physical health and vigour are determined by the purity of nature, its abundance, respect for the motherland and state policy. He Pursued a policy based on the rules and values, ancient traditions of the East, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Islamic teachings, the guidance of thinkers of the past, the experience of the peoples and countries of the world, he created software manuals and referrals for execution. Amir Timur, with his forehead skin, packed hands, intelligence and thinking, generously generated abundant crops and paid special attention to farmers, rural workers, livestock breeders and gardeners, who supplied the country with barley, vegetables, fruits, meat, oil, milk and wool. Looked after, supported and encouraged them materially and morally, exempted them from taxes and other obligatory payments for a certain period of time. He ordered them to refrain from putting them in a difficult situation or impoverishing the country while collecting wealth from the people. He was well aware that the state treasury would be impoverished if the citizen suffered. He warned that if the treasury became impoverished, the army would disperse, which would weaken the kingdom. In this regard, Amir Timur said: “Let them follow the ancient rules of collecting taxes on life, professions, pastures and plaster from every city and place. If the people do not agree, let them do what they can. I ordered that the property should not be taken from the people before the harvest was ripe. When they have harvested, let them divide the harvest into three parts. If citizens bring their own taxes without sending a tax collector, then they should not send a tax collector there. 184 GCCSA-2021- 6th Global Congress on Contemporary Sciences & Advancements Hosted online from Rome, Italy online-conferences.com June 5th, 2021 Amir Timur attached great importance to the development of the country. Someone had great privileges if he or she cared for the degraded and abandoned lands, watered them, and planted gardens. Let’s pay attention to the following words in “Timurʼs rules”: I also commanded that whoever rehabilitates a desert, builds a canal, or multiplies a garden, or rehabilitates a ruined land, should not take anything from it in the first year, in the second year the citizens should take what they have given, and in the third year (taxes). ) to collect tribute in accordance with the law. During the reign of Amir Temur, the Zarafshan oasis retained the beauty described by Istahri. Sahibkiran proudly says, “I have a garden from Bukhara to Samarkand.”. They say, “If you are a king, create a garden, and if you are a beggar, create a garden, and one day you will taste its fruits.” The historian Abu Tolhirkhoja Samarqandiy wrote about the gardens built by Amir Timur around the capital of the kingdom that “there are gardens seven gardens maden by Amir Timur like the gardens of paradise jealous them”. In 1378-1404, Sakhibkran Amir Timur built several large gardens around the city of Samarkand, in each of which there were royal pavilions. Their names are as follows: Garden Nav, Garden Jahonnamo, Garden Baland, Garden Behisht, Garden Chinar, Garden Dilkusho, Garden Zogan, Garden Shimol, Garden Boldu, Garden Naqshi Jahon, Garden Davlatabad, Garden Maidon, Garden Amirzoda Shohruh, Garden Amirzoda Ulugbek and others. When choosing a place for the gardens built during the reign of Amir Temur, the great commander paid special attention to the richness of the place, its beauty, altitude, abundance of water sources and other features of nature. In the construction of the garden, the ingenuity and thoughtfulness of Amir Timur, the high taste, the high level of demand were felt every minute, and the best architects were amazed. There are pools, fountain, and tools of water in each of gardens and they make the air of garden pure,soft and nice. In short, there have been many warriors in history. But in making the country prosperous and beautiful, in beautifying and creating, in beautifying the cities with beautiful gardens, perhaps no other warrior can be compared to Amir Temur. Most of the warriors of this ancient world destroyed dams, turned orchards and deserts into deserts, diverted canals and streams, and savagely uprooted fruit trees. The difference and greatness of Amir Temur from them is, first of all, that he lived all his life with love for nature, was creative, opened waterways and canals. References: 1. Sharaf al-din Ali Yazdiy “Garret Zafarnoma” 2. Amir Timur “Tuzak-i-Timuri” 3. Khurshid Davron “Grandson of Amir Timur” 185 .

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