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Why Are There Morewang Computers in Canberrathan Nol Ii Prim Why are there moreWang computers in Canberrathan nol ii Prim DataGeneral com-bined?. Because that is where we make month as we increase production and products compatible. them. add new product lines.) Further, all Wang products work This year at our manufacturing The computers we are making are and grow together. So they dont plant in Canberra we produced units also having a significant impact on become obsolete as businesses and worth more than S17 million in sales Australians. departments extend their systems. value. A fifth of all these products were With our success in networking, Which should easily explain why exported. one of the most vital functions in Wangs numbers are growing every day. The success of our Canberra plant computers today, Australians can now Not just in Canberra but all around means that we are teaching more share knowledge from office to office, Australia. Australians skills in a growing industry. department to department and State And we are buying more Australian- to State. made components for our computers. Even our competitors use Wang Wang Manufacturing. (In fact, this is increasing every networking to make their own computer stta,re the knowkdge. w.us nrwxx INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS REVIEW ISSN 0019 0268 Contents Editorials World Policy Review 30 The Coming Revolution in Michael James National Policy 3 Dibb Report Lacks Realism 4 Foreign Policy ASEAN: Imperfection is Preferable to Instability 33 Columns Owen Harries National Issues ij John Stone Socialism Defending Australia 36 Is Socialism Finished? 38 Harry Gelber Bob Carr Focus on Figures 43 Jacob Abrahami Education The End of External Exams? 47 Government Waste Peter McGregor The rise of the PAGUTS 10 Education and Values 52 Bob Browning David Kemp Rights Business Opinion Threats to Human Rights in Australia 56 How "Gough" Hawke and "Jim" Mark Cooray Keating will create another 500,000 •Unemployed 17 Books in Review John Leard Perpetration of New Discriminations 60 Charles Francis One of a Few 61 Special Section: the Great Cultural Battle Conflicting Visions of Australia 20 C.D. Kemp Fear of the Market Place 63 Tim Duncan Why the Cultural Debate Matters 26 John Brunner Ken Baker IPA News The Denigration of Australias IPA Research Unit Director Appointed 65 British Links 27 John Carroll IPA Subscriptions 67 INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC REVIEW REVIEW OFFICE AFFAIRS Editor. Rod Kemp 83 William Street, Melbourne, 3000 Advertising: Bruce Edwards Phone: (03) 614 2029 Rod Kemp: Director, IPA (03) 614 2029 Facsimile: (03) 62 4444 Telex: AA151648 Les McCarrey: Director, IPA States Circulation: Fiona Macaulay Policy Unit W.A. (03) 614 2029 Articles and Letters John Stone: Senior Fellow Distributors: Gordon Gotch Unsolicited manuscripts should be G.P.O. Box 767G Melbourne, 3001 accompanied by a stamped, addressed Jacob Abrahami: Senior Economist Printers: Sands McDougall return envelope. Ken Baker: Research Fellow 91 Boundary Road, Letters to the Editor should be kept to Roger Harley: Development Manager North Melbourne, 3051 no more than 300 words. Bruce Edwards: Business Manager Design: Bob Calwell Associates Views expressed in the publications of the "Falbarrow House", Institute of Public Affairs are those of Melissa Scott: Executive Secretary Gisborne-Kilmore Road the authors and do not necessarily reflect Riddells Creek, 3431 the views of the Institute. THERE ARE ALWAYS . NEW REASONS TO EXPLORE. Although Santos has come of age as Australias most successful explorer-producer of on-shore oil and gas, our primary concern Is Australias continued capacity to meet its energy needs. We are committed, therefore, to a future of relentless exploration.Forwithout significant new discoveries, Australias capacity to meet its fuel requirements will diminish. So, the hard work that put us amongst Australias top companies wiilcontinue. And well continue to invest In Australia. For the future of Australians. ,r ai ^LL.^w,ts^"+" . r A ' ^ _^ 5,Lti ^ !•' j^ ,j•`,^,^ ^t^^^ _+J •i Via,_ 7k. t`C- y'' ttTr..tR . 3xa\., r. i... .. ^Ss.: ztis a3 k^.^.SMYf^:# :r " r f - YJ `F i` ^5 P v V "rfr L it fq t , r^ ^ _ ^^ J r .,y^ ^"^ - ^ `^ -d?r .,^ z i y ^l ^"F^ z t+s y s f^ r : J^ ^Ft•^v -,- ., ^ ^ Jew 1 }-$ ,Y7"I ^-^kE^A < x n•7^•i•}t^ ! ' , ,, lIT ^ ^l i^^`^ ^ r lat . ^- ^yt ^C it 7^ ^ c u 4 !S 17• ^Y•^;^ V^yMjS /ej 1 ^,. ^S^^p w S^ y^.. SY w` S "u: I5G Il i_. w^ iJ(r. 3A^iT r^ iJ ^" pS•^Hg ^. ov^,.r ^, ".,^.- .,y^`y' lir- r ^z ^^7^i F¢ ^ 4i tivs^, 5 f i y r YF y+ ^, s^ e ^ nai r;I: l am`! ` p r dt • ^1 T,i- J t 6F,^^ ^ h, Y lye ^^t,^,,, ^: h 4^ ^" k+^ f r y.^•..^. ^ ..j. Yom" y Tif1^M:i ^•` SANTM. TODAYS AUSTRALIAN EXPLORER i3" 1 QiEM oars EDITORIAL The Coming Revolution in National Policy The realisation is slowly beginning to dawn that freeing up the Iabour market offers the best chance Australia is facing its gravest economic crisis since of preventing the wage explosions which blew both the Great Depression. the Whitlam and Fraser governments out of office In some respects, though not in all, the (and may well do the same to the Hawke present situation is more challenging, because it Government). - is more intractable, than that of half a century ago. Beyond these labour market reforms, In the Great Depression there was a well-founded government sector restructuring must be near the expectation that if we could hang on long enough top of the agenda. The crippling costs of major and make the right responses, a recovery in the public services — education, health, transport and world economy and, with it, a recovery in export welfare — is not going to be alleviated unless there prices would eventually rescue us from our plight. is a major revision in our conception of the proper This time there can be no such expectation. The functions of government. The solution to these prospects of an early substantial recovery in the problems will only result from a major reduction prices of Australias traditional exports seem in the reliance on government to provide these virtually non-existent. services. The pressure is on government as never What we have to prepare ourselves for is a before to sort out its priorities. Government must radical re-structuring of our economy, a re- concentrate on meeting only those services which structuring which will lay the foundations for a private effort will not provide. major increase in our export earnings, along with There is a long way to go in the winding back a substantial reduction in the economys need for of regulation on private productive activity. Some imports. of the old colonial enterprises, such as the railway, It is far from sufficient to talk just of wage post office, power and other utilities, must be discounting (or even "freezes") and tough budgets. removed to the market place where they will be Every section of our economic life will have to better provided and far better supervised by come under review. We are facing the need for a revolution in our Australian way of life, in our consumers and shareholders than they have been customary manner of doing things and in deeply by government. entrenched attitudes. Only when the economy has been renovated By far the greatest challenge will be the from top to bottom in the ways indicated will restructuring of the trade union movement and private enterprise be able to • compete on world the role of unionism in the organisation of labour markets and be less in need of protection. The markets. This will inevitably mean a withdrawal reduction of tariffs and a more• efficient and of monopoly privileges granted to unions under competitive economy will enable government the Arbitration system which have helped entrench support schemes and subsidies for the agricultural union power. Only a reduction in union power and sector to be wound back. freeing up the labour market will give the flexibility What has been lacking so far has been a required to meet the great challenge now facing sustained effort to educate and lead the Australian Australia. Is it too far-fetched to suggest that Mr. people to an appreciation that many of the old Hawke could achieve this goal? President de ways of doing things must be put away for good Gaulle, despite all his promises, took the French and a new, more competitive system erected in out of Algeria. President Nixon, having attacked their place. Given bold, courageous and realistic the communists throughout his political life, leadership — something we are not getting at grabbed the historic moment and ended present — there can be no doubt that Australians communist Chinas isolation. will respond. The water might be. cold at first, but Restructuring the trade union movement and the plunge will prove invigorating and healthful. Dibb Report Lacks Realism The fundamental flaw of the Dibb Report is its such as exists at Butterworth, in Malaysia, in political naivety --- a naivety which has the increasing the uncertainties for any potential capacity to undermine our national security. The destabilising power such as Vietnam. Report is principally concerned with making The Report is also inconsistent with the recommendations on the re-structuring of realities behind the objective the Federal Australias defence forces. Its main fault lies not Government promotes through the Minister for with the details of these recommendations but Industry and Commerce of expanding Australian with the strategic and political assumptions on exports to the region and Japan. Japanese trade, which they are based. If these assumptions are not in particular, is especially vulnerable to Soviet overturned and replaced by a more realistic pressure, and a significant part of that trade is conception, Australia will become an active Australian.
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