OFFICIAL

Network Rail Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2017

Network Rail

Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions

Document Reference 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001

Author Jacobs

Date June 2021

Revision Number A01

OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1 Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions

Document Version Control Version Date Authors Reviewer Approver

A01 Jun 2021 J. Thompson & M. Williams A. Naik F. Giacomello

Report for: Authored by:

Network Rail Jacobs SN1 1180 Eskdale Rd Station Road Winnersh Swindon Reading SN11DG RG41 5TU

© Copyright 2021 . The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Network Rail. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of constitutes an infringement of copyright.

Limitation: This document has been prepared on behalf of Network Rail, and for the exclusive use of Network Rail, and is subject to, and issued in accordance with, the provisions of the contract between Jacobs and the Network Rail. Jacobs accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of, or reliance upon, this document by any third party.

OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 2. SOURCES OF INFORMATION ...... 2 2.1 Geological ...... 2

2.2 Groundsure ...... 2

2.3 Other ...... 2

3. SITE SETTING ...... 3 3.2 Made Ground ...... 3

3.3 Superficial Deposits ...... 3

3.4 Bedrock Geology ...... 3

3.5 Historical Borehole Logs ...... 3

3.6 Landfills and Waste ...... 6

3.7 Environment Agency and Oxford City Council Consultation ...... 6

3.8 Pollution Incidents ...... 9

3.9 Radon ...... 9

4. SITE HISTORY ...... 10 5. SITE RECONNAISSANCE ...... 17 5.1 Soils and Geology Site Walkover Notes ...... 17

REFERENCES ...... 20

i OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Tables

Table A3.1: Summary of borehole data...... 4

Table A3.2: Consultation responses ...... 7

Table A3.3: Pollution incidents ...... 9

Table A4.1: Site history ...... 11

Table A5.1: Site walkover findings ...... 18

ii OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1.1 As part of the Environmental Statement this document presents further detail regarding soils and geology baseline conditions for the Scheme and provides information on historical land use, geology, hydrogeology, site reconnaissance information and consultation responses. These are summarised in the geology and soils main chapter (Volume 2 – Chapter 7).

1.1.2 The site layout is shown in Figure 7.1 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement. For definitions, please see Appendix 1.5 – Glossary and Acronyms. For the purposes of this report the Scheme has been divided into four sections:

• Bridge realignment and replacement; • Western entrance to Oxford Station; • Platform 5 and subway; and • Sheepwash Bridge replacement.

Page 1 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 2. SOURCES OF INFORMATION

2.1 Geological

2.1.1 The following published geological information available for the area has been reviewed:

• British Geological Society (BGS), Geo Index Onshore; • BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units; • BGS 1:50,000 geological Sheet No.237 Thame, solid and Drift, dated 1994; and • Phase 1 and 2 ground investigation report (Tata Halcrow Joint Venture (THJV), 2014).

2.2 Groundsure

• Groundsure Map Insights Report and associated historical maps were reviewed. (Dated January 2020. Reference 6552685).

2.3 Other

2.3.1 The following additional documents and data sources have also been reviewed as part of this desk study:

• Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC); • Contaminated Land Risk Assessment (THJV, 2014); and • Historical reports.

Page 2 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 3. SITE SETTING

3.1.1 The study area for this assessment is Oxford Station. The extent of the study area is defined by the red line boundary, with an approximate 500m buffer extending from the boundary. This is shown on Figure 7.1 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement.

3.2 Made Ground

3.2.1 Made ground is recorded on site along the sidings and offsite to the east, north east and south east. Made ground areas are also present at historical landfill locations. The BGS borehole log SP60NW80 shows made ground to a maximum depth of 0.61m below ground level (bgl). Historical ground investigations show made ground present across the site at various depths. These are described per area of the site in Table A3.1.

3.3 Superficial Deposits

3.3.1 The site is underlain by alluvium. The BGS Lexicon describes alluvium as “unconsolidated detrital material deposited by a river, stream or other body of running water. Alluvium is a general term for clay, silt, sand and gravel.”

3.4 Bedrock Geology

3.4.1 The Oxford Clay Formation and West Walton Formation is known to underlie the site. This is known as a Mudstone. Through review of available nearby borehole data, the full thickness is unknown but is greater than 20m. The material is described as stiff bluish-grey calcareous, shaly clay. The Lambeth Group underlies the Oxford Clay with the Upper Chalk present at depth. The Oxford Clay is known to be absent at scour hollows in the region.

3.5 Historical Borehole Logs

3.5.1 One borehole log 20m east of the station building is available on the BGS Onshore Geoindex. Boreholes were drilled across the site for historical ground investigations. The boreholes are summarised in Table A3.1; locations are shown on Figure 7.2 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement.

Page 3 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Table A3.1: Summary of borehole data.

Site Area Geology Description Depth (m.bgl) Comment Boreholes Botley Road Made Variable across site. Locally variant Thickness of made ground related to the height of BH01, WS01, realignment and Ground including ash, brick, Maximum depth the railway embankment. BH06, WS14 bridge replacement; wood, hydrocarbons. 4.2 Superficial Alluvium Locally absent Thickness of Alluvium is variable influenced by the Deposits Where present thickness of made ground as a result of material excavation and placement of made ground 3 – 4.10 River Terrace 4.0 – 9.60 Thickness has great variety across site from 0.97m Deposits – 5.5m due to evolution of river valley Bedrock Oxford clay 8.50+ Extends in excess of 20m below the site – unproven base of deposit. Claystone (mudstone) bands recorded. Western entrance to Made Variable. Includes Locally variant BH07, BH08, Oxford Station; Ground ash, clinker, concrete Maximum depth BH09, BH10, and ballast 4.35 BH11 Superficial Alluvium (BH11) Locally absent Soft intermediate to very high plasticity yellow brown Deposits 0.95 – 4.00 slightly gravelly sandy CLAY. Gravel is fine to medium subangular to rounded Peaty organic clay 3 – 4.90 Soft high plasticity dark grey peaty organic CLAY. (BH09, BH10) River Terrace 3.7 – 9.10 Medium dense yellow brown sandy GRAVEL. Deposits Gravel is fine to medium occasionally coarse subrounded. Bedrock Oxford clay 7.60+ Firm to stiff high plasticity blue grey locally fissured CLAY with rare sandy horizons.

Page 4 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Site Area Geology Description Depth (m.bgl) Comment Boreholes Platform 5 and Made Variable includes 0 – 3.7 BH07, WS14 subway Ground brick and concrete and occasional black ash Superficial River Terrace 3.7 – 7.60 Deposits Deposits Bedrock Oxford clay 7.60+ Sheepwash Bridge Made Mixed composition of Locally variant WS15a, WS16, replacement Ground ballast, clay and other Maximum DSBH02, demolition 4.75m DSTP01, type waste materials. DSTP01, DSTP03, Superficial Alluvium Locally absent Clay, silt, sand and gravel formed most likely by the DSTP04, Deposits and associated tributaries. DSTP05, BH12, DSB04, WS01B, River Terrace 3.5 – 6.7 Mainly sand and gravel deposited in channels, most WS02 Deposits likely by the River Thames and associated tributaries. Bedrock Oxford clay 6.2+ Mudstone bedrock weathered to stiff clay.

Page 5 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 3.6 Landfills and Waste

3.6.1 There are historical landfills recorded within the study area. Information about each landfill has been provided by Oxford City Council (OCC) and the Environment Agency. The landfills are presented on Figure 7.2 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement.

3.7 Environment Agency and Oxford City Council Consultation

3.7.1 Consultation with OCC and the Environment Agency has been conducted regarding the landfill sites. The consultation confirmed three of the four historical landfills identified. Information provided by OCC and the Environment Agency include current land use, waste type, remediation and monitoring undertaken at the sites. The consultation responses are summarised in Table A3.2.

Page 6 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Table A3.2: Consultation responses

Landfill sites Consultations Oxford City Council Environment Agency Currently private residential accommodation on site. Monitoring: no methane detected in Historical Waste types listed as Inert, Industrial, Household, Liquids/Sludge. spiking tests. Landfill No flammable gas levels identified during site investigation prior to re-development to No routine monitoring undertaken. residential housing. Slightly elevated carbon dioxide. General: probably Victorian in age All surface soils and hotspot contamination removed from site during re-development works. with very little compaction & much waste visible. Site lies Gas protection measures were installed in buildings on site. between railway and Thames. Contamination Risk Assessment by Broughton Beatty Partnership for Persimmon Homes housing to north east (over river) and (ref: 5481/2) April 1998. Plus addendum June 1998. to south west Final validation statement from Broughton Beatty. Dated June 2003. Ref: 5481/MJB. (over railway). Walton Well This site is referred to as . Monitoring: no methane detected in Road Allotments Former uses: Meadow, then used as a tip between 1891-1893. Then allotments. site spiking tests Historical Street refuse deposited in 1891, and last refuse deposited 1893, which likely included (1989). Landfill domestic and trade waste. No routine monitoring undertaken. Oxford City Council owned – and currently used for allotments. General: Victorian tip now used as Land Quality Management (LQM) were hired to undertake a Part 2a site assessment, which allotments. involved soil sampling on site (2010), and a second Detailed Quantitative Risk Assessments (DQRA) with additional sampling around identified hotspots (2011). The assessment for Cripley Meadow Allotments concluded that there was unlikely to be a Significant Possibility of Significant Harm (SPoSH) on this site, and therefore the land would not be considered contaminated. Diesel spill during the development of Castle Mill Phase 2 Student Accommodation adjacent the eastern boundary of the site. Diesel was found in the groundwater of some wells on the Cripley Meadow Allotments. Groundwater was pumped out and monitoring of the groundwater was undertaken for 1 year. The levels of diesel range organics were determined to be sufficiently low after a years’ worth of monitoring, according to the EA.

Page 7 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Landfill sites Consultations Oxford City Council Environment Agency No significant ground gases identified. Eagle Iron Former uses; Open ground, marsh in the south, building structure in the north, parking for Monitoring: no methane detected in Works Historical 239 vehicles, vehicle service bays and tanks. Used for dumping foundry waste, raising spiking tests Landfill levels to their current height over the last 200 years. (1966-1989 landfilled). 06/02/90. Waste Types: Inert, Industrial, Liquids/Sludge No routine monitoring undertaken. Site is currently used for residential housing. General: site raised approx. 3m from Limited flammable gas levels identified during redevelopment site investigation works (1- the flood plain 3%) in 2004. with foundry sand and slag. Monitoring in 2004 showed insignificant leaching within the soil. Operational 1966 to 1988. Landfill Soils had elevated oils and PAHs and heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn). gas unlikely to be a Elevated mineral oil found in the groundwater (2004). problem due to the absence of domestic waste. Remediation undertaken during the redevelopment into housing including; • passive sub-floor venting to buildings and gas membranes • Capping of gardens and soft landscaping areas with min. 750mm clay cap and garden soil and marker layer. • Removal of contamination source: removal of landfill of most contaminated soils and bioremediation of soils exceeding 5000 mg/kg oil and 50 mg/kg PAH Historical or OCC are not aware of a scrapyard being located within the long stay car park at Oxford No info provided planned Scrap Station. Historical plans indicate the land was former railway sidings with the presence of a Yard ‘Meat Depot’ to the north of the car park adjacent to Botley Road.

Page 8 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 3.8 Pollution Incidents

3.8.1 Information from the OCC consultation provided information on a diesel spillage during the development of Castle Mill Phase 2 Student Accommodation, adjacent to the eastern boundary of the site. The location is shown on Figure 7.2 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement. Diesel was found in the groundwater of some wells on the Cripley Meadow Allotments. Groundwater was extracted and monitoring was undertaken for one year. After one year the contaminant concentrations were found to be low and the monitoring did not continue.

3.8.2 There have been no water or land pollution incidents recorded within the red line boundary (Groundsure, 2020). There have been four incidents within 200m of the site and a further six recorded within 250m of the site. Pollution incidents close to the red line boundary are shown in Figure 7.2 in Volume 3 of the Environmental Statement and summarised in Table A3.3.

Table A3.3: Pollution incidents

Incident Distance from Impact Red Line Boundary (m) Oils and Fuel pollution September 2002 228 Water: Category 4 (no impact) Land: Category 4 (no impact) Pollutant not identified March 2003 238 Water: Category 3 (Minor) Land: Category 4 (no impact) Pollutant not identified April 2003 75 Water: Category 4 (no impact) Land: Category 4 (no impact) Contaminated Water from Firefighting run 245 Water: Category 3 (Minor) off October 2002 Land: Category 4 (no impact)

3.9 Radon

3.9.1 The area is in a low probability radon area, defined as less than 1% of properties containing high levels of radon. Therefore, no radon protection measures are necessary for construction of new dwellings.

Page 9 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 4. SITE HISTORY

4.1.1 Historical land uses have been identified using a series of Historical Ordinance Survey Plans from Groundsure at scales of 1:500 and 1:1,250 dating from 1869 – 2012. Google Earth was also used where appropriate. Historical land uses are summarised in Table A4.1. Note the Groundsure report study area is a 200m buffer of the red line boundary.

Page 10 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Table A4.1: Site history

Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer 1876 1:2,500 Botley Road Bridge. Sheepwash Bridge is Oxford Station is present Not present at that time. River Thames to the west of the site. present on site (then titled Great Western Sidings are present on Railway station). Unnamed canal to the north of the site. either side of the main A swing bridge to the lines at the current east of existing Major sidings and engine A coal depot immediately east of the site. position of Lane Sheepwash Bridge. shed in existing short Agricultural use to the west of the site. Footbridge. stay carpark. A large engine shed is Residential land use to the south east and present in the south south west of the site. west corner of the Down Carriage Sidings.

1878 1:500 No change from above. A carriage shed, No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. carpenter’s shop, smith shop, saw pit, coaling shed and tank are marked.

1881 1:500 On site: The area is No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. 250m north east of the station a foundry is fields marked as liable marked within St Sepulchres cemetery. to flooding.

1900 1:2,500 No change from above. No change from above. Goods sheds have been Roger Dudman Way is A cemetery is present to the south west of built in east of the Oxford now present. the site. Station at the current location of the short stay Residential properties to The coal depot is now absent. car park. the west of Oxford Station. Platforms 1/3 and 2 have been built.

Page 11 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer 1921 1:2,500 No change from above. There are an increased The platforms at both Additional sidings are Increase in road and residential housing number of tracks in the sides of the railway present to the west of construction. Down Carriage Sidings. corridor have been the station. extended towards the The footbridge adjacent north. to Sheepwash Bridge has now been built.

1956 1:1,250 The area is much more Railway lines present To the east of the station No change from above. Bakery 250m south west of the site has built up. The Botley with tank marked close is now a good terminus substation marked. Road is now labelled. A to station tracks. with extra railway lines. tank is marked directly The foundry now labelled “Eagle Foundry north of the Botley Road for iron and brass” is now larger on the crossing. 250m boundary north of the site. A builder’s yard and wharf are present among A workshop is labelled residential housing 100m north of the site. with two housing rows west of the station, South of Osney Lane and west of the tracks south of the Botley lies Osney Cemetery. Road. To the east on Large Cattle Market with tanks marked east Becket Street lie some of Oxpens Road. cattle pens, a sorting office and a church. A petrol depot with several tanks is located on Oxpens Road to the east of the station.

1957 1:2,500 River Thames known in Tanks are labelled Platforms are now No change from above. The Botley Road is majority residential with this location as the Isis adjacent to the railway marked. schools and churches. Dairy and abattoir wraps around Osney St south of the River attached to the bakery just north of the Frideswide’s Church Thames. Botley Road.

Page 12 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer and runs adjacent to the Engine shed to the east Large substation and warehouses on the Botley Road. of the train tracks is 250m boundary of the site just east of Ferry now labelled as Hinksey Road. disused. Tank is still labelled. Bowling green and recreation park marked outside the north western site boundary. Allotment gardens marked adjacent to Bowling green. River Thames marked in northern section of the site area.

Allotments marked to the north of the site, bound by the river Thames.

1970 1,1250 Tank no longer marked No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. Osney Mead industrial estate lies within along railway. 100m of the site boundary. This includes printing works, bookbindery, beers, wine and spirits store, scientific instrument factory (which has two tanks marked). The river conservancy depot has 3 tanks marked. Within 250m of the site lie a masonry works, pumping station and car accessory store (which has a substation).

1972 1:1,250 Small changes to the Both Engine Sheds to The previous goods No change from above. River Thames has been diverted in to Oxford Station. A Meat the north of Rewley terminus east of the Fiddlers Island Streams and Castle Mill depot is marked where Abbey Stream station is now labelled as Stream. the old cattle pens had (previously disused. A warehouse previously been located Thames/Isis) have been and tyre depot are A second petrol depot with tanks is labelled (in 1956) south of Botley removed. Several tanks labelled, as is a car park. east of Oxpens Road. An earlier petrol Road. are still labelled

Page 13 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer A tank is now labelled adjacent to the west of depot to the west of Oxpens Road now has just north of the goods the tracks. a filling station marked. shed to the east of the tracks. The Eagle foundry north of the site is now labelled as an electrical engineering and foundry. A tank is labelled north of Juxon Street.

1975 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. Tracks to the old goods No change from above. Bakery and abattoir removed from north of depot are no longer Botley Road – dairy still present. marked.

1976 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

1977 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

1978 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. South east of the station between the tracks and lies a coal depot and fire station.

1979 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. Oxford Station now has a No change from above. No change from above. substation marked.

1981 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

1984 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. Buildings no longer marked in Osney Industrial Park. Gibbs Crescent is pencilled on the drawing.

1985 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

1986 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. Cattle Market no longer present.

Page 14 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer 1987 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

1989 1:1,250 Tyre depot north of No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. Pumping station west of Oxpens Road no Botley Road now longer marked. labelled depot. Meat depot now just labelled Oxford College of Further Education depot. Scrap yard replaces the old Cattle Market. labelled east of Becket Street.

1990 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. Buildings within Oxford No change from above. No change from above. Station now marked with numbers. Previously marked tanks no longer labelled.

1992 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. A footbridge is present on No change from above. Dairy no longer present. Replaced by the station. Tumbling Bay Court. Sidings to the east of site area have been removed and replaced with car parking facilities.

1994 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. Bowling Green now has a pavilion. Allotment gardens to the north of the site have a track marked. Eagle Foundry is now labelled as “works” with tanks labelled.

1995 1:1,250 No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above. No change from above.

Page 15 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Year Scale On site Off site

Botley Road Sheepwash Bridge Platform 5 and subway Roger Dudman Way Whole Scheme within 500m buffer 2003 1:1,250 Sidings at the southern Tanks west of tracks No change from above. No change from above. A residential street, Rewley Road, has been end of the site have next to demolished built where sidings were formerly located to been removed, with only engine shed still the immediate north east of the site. the Up and Down present. Carriage Sidings remaining. The site generally has its current day layout.

2012 Aerial No change from above. Two railway tracks at A fourth platform has No change from above. Allotment gardens to the west of the site Photo the north of the site been built. have been completely redeveloped for use have been developed. as recreational grounds.

Townscape surrounding the site has not materially altered.

Page 16 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 5. SITE RECONNAISSANCE

5.1 Soils and Geology Site Walkover Notes

5.1.1 The Oxford Station soil and geology site walkover was completed by Jacobs on 14 January 2020. This involved walking the site, taking photos and notes.

5.1.2 Areas visited on 14th January 2020 were the areas agreed with Network Rail as follow:

• Oxford Station Platform 4 and area of proposed Platform 5; • Botley Road; • Roger Dudman Way; • Cripley Road; • Becket Street and Becket Street station car park; • Osney Lane, Osney Cemetery, Osney Lane foot bridge; • Sheepwash Bridge; • NR land to the south of Botley Road and west of tracks; • NR land to the north of Sheepwash Bridge and west of tracks; and • Area near Rewley Road, previous Rewley Road Historical Landfill. 5.1.3 A Network Rail representative escorted Jacobs in the site walkover within Network Rail boundaries.

5.1.4 The majority of the areas visited are paved with the exception of Network Rail land to the north of Sheepwash Bridge and west of the tracks where the ground is covered by a layer of gravel. The site walkover findings are reported in Table A5.1.

Page 17 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01

Table A5.1: Site walkover findings

Area Findings NR land - Platform 4 and area of The platforms have been recently re-surfaced. No sign of spills or presence of oils and/or fuel tanks were noted on the proposed Platform 5 platforms area. Sign of diesel spills (black circular strains on the railway ballast) were visible on track between Platforms 1 and 2. According to Network Rail representative, diesel trains parked overnight can leak fuels. Stains were not noted on the railway ballast between Platforms 3 and 4. Botley Road No evident sign of spills or oils and/or fuels. A car wash is located 30m north of Botley Road. Car wash activities can potentially release contaminants on the ground. Roger Dudman Way Containers marked with warning labels for chemicals and an abandoned generator are located along Roger Dudman Way. These containers are fenced and locked. The owner is not known and if they are still in use. No evidence of spills was noted on the ground. Cripley Road Houses to the north of Cripley Road. A car wash is adjacent to Cripley Road at the junction with Botley Road. No spills were noted on the ground. Becket Street and Becket Street Car park with no sign of spills or leaks on the ground. station car park Osney Lane, Osney Cemetery, A construction site was observed west – southwest of this area. Containers with high voltage warnings were noted within Osney Lane foot bridge the construction site. These containers may be generators and fuels may be used. No spills were noted on the ground during the site walkover. Sheepwash Bridge Railway lines pass over Sheepwash Channel. No signs of spills were noted on the ground below the railway bridge. The Rewley Road Swing Bridge archaeology site was recorded to the south of Sheepwash Bridge. NR land to the south of Botley This area is used by Network Rail to store various materials used to maintain the railway line. Abandoned materials and Road and west of tracks waste were noted within the area. According to Network Rail representative a paraffin store was located in this area in the past. The paraffin store has been removed and was not visible during the site walkover. Oil lubricant containers containing liquids were noted during the site walkover. Other unlabelled containers were noted within the area. No signs of spill or oils releases were noted on the ground. However, part of the ground was not visible at the former paraffin store and where the oil lubricant containers are located because the area is covered by vegetation and containers. Spills from paraffin storage and oil containers may have occurred and impacted the ground.

Page 18 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 Area Findings NR land to the north of Sheepwash Previous ground investigation identified soil contamination and the presence of above ground and below ground fuel tanks Bridge and west of tracks within this area. According to Network Rail representative, diesel storage tanks and a refuelling station for trains were located in the northern section of this area. The diesel storage tanks and the filling station have been removed, the concrete tank bunds are still present and infilled with soil. Currently the area is used as an office compound with staff parking, and storages of track components. A diesel tank is currently used to store fuels used for the office compound’s plant and generators and is located to the west of the office compound. Sidings are to the east-north east and train maintenance was undertaken during the site walkover. The site walkover was not undertaken along the sidings due to access restrictions and therefore details of this area are limited. Underground sewage tanks are recorded within the area. Area near Rewley Road, previous This area is recorded as historical landfill and has been redeveloped for housing. Rewley Road Historical Landfill

Page 19 of 20 OFFICIAL

Network Rail Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Capacity Improvement Scheme

Environmental Impact Assessment – Appendix 7.1: Geology and Soils Baseline Conditions 163390-JAC-REP-EEN-070001 Revision A01 REFERENCES

British Geological Society (BGS). (2021). BGS Geo Index Onshore. URL https://mapapps2.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex/home.html Accessed January 2021

British Geological Society. (2021a). BGS 1:50,000 Geological Sheet No. 237. Thame [Oxford] dated 1994. URL http://www.largeimages.bgs.ac.uk/iip/mapsportal.html?id=1001730 Accessed January 2021

British Geological Society. (2021b). BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. URL https://www.bgs.ac.uk/technologies/the-bgs-lexicon-of-named-rock-units/ Accessed January 2021

Google. (2021). Google Earth Pro.

Groundsure. (2020). Map Insights Report and Associated Maps.

Oxford City Council. (2020). Areas within Oxford Corridor Phase 2 project Environmental search Enquiry.

Tata Halcrow Joint Venture. (2014). Phase 1 and 2 Ground Investigation.

Tata Halcrow Joint Venture. (2014). Contaminated Land Risk Assessment

Page 20 of 20

Network Rail SN1 Station Road Swindon SN1 1DG networkrail.co.uk