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Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation [Shin Kenchiku Kozo Gijutsu Kenkyu Iin-Kai Hokokusho]

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Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation [Shin Kenchiku Kozo Gijutsu Kenkyu Iin-Kai Hokokusho] PB92-189562 NIST Special Publication 832, Volume 1 Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation [Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho] Earthquake Protection in Buildings Through Base Isolation United States Department of Commerce Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology REPRODUCED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 "J1e National Institute of Standards and Technology was established in 1988 by Congress to "assist ~ ;~dustry in the development of technology ... needed to improve product quality, to modernize manufacturing processes, to ensure product reliability ... and to facilitate rapid commercialization ... of products based on new scientific discoveries." NIST, originally founded as the National Bureau of Standards in 1901, works to strengthen U.S. industry's competitiveness; advance science and engineering; and improve public health, safety, and the environment. One of the agency's basic functions is to develop, maintain, and retain custody of the national standards of measurement, and provide the means and methods for comparing standards used in science, engineering, manufacturing, commerce" industry, and education with the standards adopted or recognized by the Federal Government. As an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration, NIST conducts basic and applied research in the physical sciences and engineering and performs related services. The Institute does generic and precompetitive work on new and advanced technologies. NIST's research facilities are located at Gaithersburg, MD 20899, and at Boulder, CO 80303. Major technical operating units and their principal activities are listed below. For more information contact the Public Inquiries Desk, 301-975-3058. Technology Services Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory • Manufacturing Technology Centers Program • Precision Engineering • Standards Services • Automated Production Technology • Technology Commercialization • Robot Systems • Measurement Services • Factory Automation • Technology Evaluation and Assessm4~nt • Fabrication Technology • Information Services Materials Science and Engineering Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory Laboratory • Intelligent Processing of Materials • Microelectronics • Ceramics • Law Enforcement Standards • Materials Reliability! • Electricity • Polymers • Semiconductor Electronics • Metallurgy • Electromagnetic Fields! • Reactor Radiation • Electromagnetic Technology! Building and Fire Research Laboratory Chemical Science and Technology • Structures Laboratory • Building Materials • Biotechnology • Building Environment • Chemical Engineering! • Fire Science and Engineering • Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics • Fire Measurement and Research • Inorganic Analytical Research • Organic Analytical Research Computer Systems Laboratory • Process Measurements • Information Systems Engineering • Surface and Microanalysis Science • Systems and Software Technology • Thermophysics2 • Computer Security • Systems and Network Architecture Physics Laboratory • Advanced Systems • Electron and Optical Physics • Atomic Physics Computing and Applied Mathematics • Molecular Physics Laboratory • Radiometric Physics • Applied and Computational Mathematics2 • Quantum Metrology • Statistical Engineering2 • Ionizing Radiation • Scientific Computing Environments2 • Time and Frequency! • Computer Services2 • Quantum Physics! • Computer Systems and Communications2 • Information Systems 1 At Boulder, CO 80303. 2Some elements at Boulder, CO 80303. PB92-189562 NIST·114A U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 1. NIST/SP-832, Vol. 1 (REV. 3-90) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY 2. PERFORMING 'ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET 3. PUBUCATION DATE April 1992 I. l'ITLE AND SUBTITLE Earthquake Protection in Buildings through Base Isolation 5. ~'UTHOR(S) Building Center of Japan (MOC) (Noel J. Raufaste, Editor) S. "ERFORMING ORGANIZATION (IF JOINT OR OTHER THAN NIST, SEE INSTRUCTIONS) 7. CONTRACT/GRANT NUMBER U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE IIATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY CiAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 8. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED Final 9. !,PONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (STREET, CITY, STATE, ZIP) 10. !iUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 11. j'BSTRACT (A ~WORDOR LESS FACTUAL SUMMARY OF MOST SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION. IF DOCUMENT INCLUDES A SIGNIFICANT BIBUOGRAPHY OR IJTERATURE SURVEY, MENTION IT HERE.) This is Volume 1 of a two vqlume series on energy dissipating systems for buildings and other structures. This volume, Eanhquake Protection in Buildings through Base Isolation describes energy dissipating systems and reviews their applications and effectiveness. The documents include guidelines for evaluating energy dissipating systems and a directory of the systems used in buildings and other structures. The two volume reports were produced by the Building Center of Japan under sponsorship of the Japanese Ministry of Construction (MOC) to describe the state-of-art of energy dissipating systems and to review their use in mitigatin.g damages from earthquakes. The subjects addressed in these reports include: the history and types of passive energy dissipators; their applications, evaluations, and performance; and case histories of these systems exposed to seismic loading. 12. IKEY WORDS (6 TO 12 ENTRIES; ALPHABETICAL ORDER; CAPITAUZE ONLY PROPER NAMES; AND SEPARATE KEY WORDS BY SEMICOLONS) active damper; base isolation; damping; devices; evaluation; passive damper; performance; seismic; structures; wind loads 13. ,IWAILABIUTY 14. NUMBER OF PRINTED PAGES """x UNUMITED r--- 161 __ FOR OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTION. DO NOT RELEASE TO NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (NTIS). 15. PRICE ORDER FROM SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, X WASHINGTON, DC 20402. -X- ORDER FROM NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (NTIS), SPRINGFIELD, VA 22161. ELECTRONIC FORM * U.S. G.P.D.: 1992-311-891 :60464 NIST Special Publication 832, Volume 1 Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation [Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho] Earthquake Protection in Buildings Through Base Isolation Noel J. Raufaste, Editor Building and Fire Research Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Originally Published by Building Center of Japan April 1992 U.S. Department of Commerce Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary Technology Administration Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology John W. Lyons, Director National Institute of Standardls and Technology Special Publication 832, Volume 1 Natl. Inst. Stand. Techno!. Spec. PubI. 832, Vol. 1, 161 pages (Apr. 1992) CODEN: NSPUE2 u.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1992 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 ABSTRACT This report is Volume One of a two volume series on passive energy dissipating systems for buildings and other structures. This volume, Earthquake Protection in Buildings Through Base Isolation, describes energy dissipation systems and reviews their applications and effectiveness. These documents provide guidelines for evaluating energy dissipating systems and a directory of the systems used in buildings and other structures. The original reports in Japanese were published by the Building Center of Japan under the sponsorship of the Japanese Ministry of Construction (MOC). The MOC provided these reports to the National Institute of Standards and Technology for their translation into English and for publication. The subjects addressed in these reports include: the history and types of passive energy dissipators; their applications, evaluations, and performance; and case histories of these devices exposed to seismic loading. KEYWORDS: active damper, base isolation; damping; devices; evaluation, passive damper; performance, seismic; structures; wind loads. Translated from Japanese by Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, under contract to The National Technical Information Service, Department of Commerce. - iii- CONTENTS FOREWORD vii PREFACE ix OUTLINE OF THIS REPORT xxix CHAPTER 1. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SURVEY 1 CHAPTER 2. RESPONSE-CONTROL STRUCTURES 8 2.1. Terminology 8 2.1.1. Earlier terminology 8 2.1.2. Terminology used in this report 10 2.2. Classification and Characteristics of Response-Control Structures 10 22.1. Classification 10 2.2.2. Classification according to the basic principles of dynamics 18 2.2.3 Classification according to the method of implementation 24 2.2.4. Classification according to the Position of Dampers 26 2.3. Examples of Proposals for Response-control Sructures and Actual Constructions 26 2.3.1. Examples of historical importance in the Japanese construction industry 26 2.3.2. Examples of response-control structures 52 2.3.3. Cases approved by the Ministry of Construction 63 2.3.4. Trends in other fields 63 - v- CHAPTER 3. POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF RESPONSE-CONTROL STRUCTURES 65 3.1. Improvement in Building Design by Using Response-control Techniques 65 3.1.1. Areas of Application 65 3.1.2. External turbulence as objectives of response-control 65 3.1.3. Improvement in the quality of design 66 3.2. Applications of this Technique 68 CHAPTER 4. VARIOUS ASPECTS OF RESPONSE-CONTROL STRUCTURES 70 4.1. Topics for Future Technical Development 70 4.2. Suggestions for the Future 79 CHAPTER 5. EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF RESPONSE-CON- TROL
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