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The Role of the Police Force in Combating Threats of Terrorism: a Case Study of Tanzania Police Force

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The Role of the Police Force in Combating Threats of Terrorism: a Case Study of Tanzania Police Force The University of Dodoma University of Dodoma Institutional Repository http://repository.udom.ac.tz Social Sciences Master Dissertations 2015 The role of the police force in combating threats of terrorism: a case study of Tanzania police force Yusuf, Mohamed The University of Dodoma Yusuf, M. (2015). The role of the police force in combating threats of terrorism: A case study of Tanzania police force. Dodoma: The University of Dodoma. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/674 Downloaded from UDOM Institutional Repository at The University of Dodoma, an open access institutional repository. THE ROLE OF THE POLICE FORCE IN COMBATING THREATS OF TERRORISM: A CASE STUDY OF TANZANIA POLICE FORCE By Mohamed Yusuf A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in International Relations (MIR) of the University of Dodoma The University of Dodoma October, 2015 CERTIFICATION The undersigned certifies that he has read and hereby recommends for acceptance by the University of Dodoma the dissertation entitled; The Role of The Police Force in Combating Threats of Terrorism:. A Case study of the Tanzania Police Force in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of International Relations of the University of Dodoma …………………………………………………………………… Prof. Peter A. Kopoka (Supervisor) Date……………………………………………. i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Yusuf, Mohamed declare that this dissertation is my own original work and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any other University for a similar or any other degree award Signature ……………………………………… No part of this dissertation may be reproduced or stored in any retrieved system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the author or the University of Dodoma ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to take this opportunity to thank whole heartedly my supervisor Prof. Peter A. Kopoka for his criticism and encouragement which made it possible for this study to be successfully completed from the beginning to the end. Furthermore, I would like to thank my wife and daughters for the advice and material support they have given me during the whole period of my studies. Not only that, but also many thanks should be directed to the Police Commissioner for Criminal Investigation, Police Commissioner of Operation and Training and The Police Commissioner for Administration and Resource Management as well as the Commissioner of Police Dar es Salaam Police Special Zone for their wholehearted assistance and knowledge on terrorism in the study area. This enabled me to study all matters related to terrorism in the country. My thanks also should go to the many police officers of different ranks for their material support which made it easy for me to collect relevant my data during my research. My thanks also should go to all my lecturers at UDOM who enabled me to understand a lot of things including how to conduct a research. Lastly, since it is not possible for me to mention all those who assisted me, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who in one way or another have assisted me to complete this difficult task of writing this dissertation. I am however entirely responsible for any weakness and error found in this dissertation. iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my beloved father, Yusufu Mohamed and my beloved mother Bibie Khamis Mohamed (Rest in Peace) in particular, for the foundation of my education. This study is also dedicated to my Wife Fatma A. Abubakari, my daughters Nadya Mohamed and Shadya Mohamed and all my friends. iv ABSTRACT This study was conducted at the Tanzania Police Force Headquarters in Dar es Salaam. The objective of the study was to examine the role of the Police Force in combating threats of terrorism in Tanzania. Primary and secondary data were collected using quantitative and qualitative techniques. Specific objectives included providing an overview of the state of terrorism in Tanzania, Examining existing international collaboration with TPF in combating threats of terrorism and finally to determine the existing capacities of TPF in term of human resources and financial resources in combating threats of terrorism. SPSS and Microsoft excel were used in data analysis and presentation. A total number of 93 respondents were involved in the study. The methods used in data collection were interview, questionnaires and documentary review. The findings of the study revealed that the Tanzania Police Force faces many challenges in combating threats of terrorism. These include lack of human resources, lack of specialized training, lack of sufficient funds to deal with terrorism and lack of physical resources. Field result further indicated that most police officers, who investigate terrorism cases do not have sufficient knowledge on combating terrorism. The study therefore recommends specialized training to the majority of the police officers on terrorism, to a recruit more mobile police force, the government should allocate more funds to the Police Force, and modern equipment should be provided to the Police Force so that it can quick response to initial signs of terrorism and to also introduce a ant- terrorist units all over the country. Increased collaboration with the international community to combat threats of terrorism is also a necessary requirement for the Tanzania Police Force in the war against terrorism. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION ................................................................................................................. i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................. iii DEDICATION ..................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ......................................................... xiii CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background of the Study ................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................ 3 1.4 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 General Objective ........................................................................................................ 5 1.4.2 Specific Objectives ...................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Research Questions ......................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................ 6 1.7 Scope of the Study .......................................................................................................... 6 1.8 Chapter Scheme .............................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................................. 8 LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Definition of Key Terms ................................................................................................. 8 2.2. 1. Terrorism.................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Threats of Terrorism .................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 The Police Force ........................................................................................................ 11 2.2.4 Anti-terrorism (Counter Terrorism) ........................................................................... 12 2.3 A Global Overview of Terrorism .................................................................................. 12 2.3.1 Terrorism in Africa .................................................................................................... 14 vi 2.3.2 Terrorism in East Africa ............................................................................................ 14 2.3.3 Causes of Terrorism
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