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List of Entries A Ahmad Raza Khan Barelvi 9th Month of Lunar Calendar Aḥmadābād ‘Abd al-Qadir Bada’uni Ahmedabad ‘Abd’l-RaḥīmKhān-i-Khānān Aibak (Aybeg), Quṭb al-Dīn Abd al-Rahim Aibek Abdul Aleem Akbar Abdul Qadir Badauni Akbar I Abdur Rahim Akbar the Great Abdurrahim Al Hidaya Abū al-Faḍl ‘Alā’ al-Dīn Ḥusayn (Ghūrid) Abū al-Faḍl ‘Allāmī ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Khaljī Abū al-Faḍl al-Bayhaqī ʿAlāʾ al-DīnMuḥammad Shāh Khaljī Abū al-Faḍl ibn Mubarak ‘Alā’ ud-Dīn Ḥusain Abu al-Fath Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar ʿAlāʾ ud-Dīn Khiljī Abū al-KalāmAzād AlBeruni Abū al-Mughīth al-Ḥusayn ibn Manṣūr al-Ḥallāj Al-Beruni Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar al-Suhrawardī AlBiruni Abu’l Fazl Al-Biruni Abu’l Fazl ‘Allāmī Alfī Movements Abu’l Fazl ibn Mubarak al-Hojvīrī Abū’l Kalām Āzād Al-Huda International Abū’l-Fażl Bayhaqī Al-Huda International Institute of Islamic Educa- Abul Kalam tion for Women Abul Kalam Azad al-Hujwīrī Accusing Nafs (Nafs-e Lawwāma) ʿAlī Garshāsp Adaran Āl-i Sebüktegīn Afghan Claimants of Israelite Descent Āl-i Shansab Aga Khan Aliah Madrasah Aga Khan Development Network Aliah University Aga Khan Foundation Aligarh Muslim University Aga Khanis Aligarh Muslim University, AMU Agyaris Allama Ahl al-Malāmat Allama Inayatullah Khan Al-Mashriqi Aḥmad Khān Allama Mashraqi Ahmad Raza Khan Allama Mashraqui # Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature 2018 827 Z. R. Kassam et al. (eds.), Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1267-3 828 List of Entries Allama Mashriqi Bangladesh Jamaati-e-Islam Allama Shibili Nu’mani Baranī, Żiyāʾ al-Dīn Allāmah Naqqan Barelvīs Allamah Sir Muhammad Iqbal Barelwīs Almaniyya BāyazīdAnṣārī (Pīr-i Rōshan) Almsgiving Bāyezīd al-Qannawjī,Muḥammad Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Bayhaqī,Abūl-Fażl Altaf Hussain Hali Bāzīd Al-Tawḥīd Bedil Amīr ‘Alī Bene Israel Amīr Khusrau Benei Manasseh Amir Khusraw Bengal (Islam and Muslims) Anglo-Mohammedan Law Bhutto, Benazir ʿAqīqa Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali Arezu Bīdel Arkān al-I¯mān Bidil Arzu Bilgrāmī, Āzād Ārzū, Sirāj al-Dīn ‘Alī Ḳhān (d. 1756) Birādari Asghar Ali Engineer Bīrūnī,al- Ashraf ‘Alī Thānawī Bnei Menashe Atash kadeh Bombay’s Baghdadi Jews Avesta Burma Jews Awliyā’ Aybak C Ay-Bak Calcutta Madrasah Aybeg Caliph Ayodhya Conflict Caliphate Ayodhya Dispute Cantwell Smith Azad Bilgrami Caste Chishtī Order B Chishtiyya Bābā Farīd Chughtai Baba Shah Jalal Chuġtāʾī, ʿIṣmat Bābā Shaykh Farīd al-Dīn Ganj-i Shakar Cochin Jews Babri Mosque Colonialism Baburi Masjid Commanding Nafs (Nafs-e Ammāra) Badā’ūnī, ‘Abd al-Qādir (1540–1615) Community Badaoni Congress, Muslims Badayuni Consensus Baghdadi Jews of India Constitution Bahmani Sultanate Contemporary Indian Jewish Literature Bahmanid Sultanate Coromandel Coast Baihaqī Balaban D Balban, Ghiyās al-Dīn Dār al-‘Ulūm Deoband Bangladesh (Islam and Muslims) Dara Shikoh Bangladesh Jama’at-i-Islam Dārā Shukoh List of Entries 829 DārāŠokōh Farā’īḍī Movement Dārāshikoh Fara’izi Movement Darbar-i-Aulīya Faraidi Movement Darbemeher Faraizi Movement Dare Meher Farhat Hashmi Dars-e-Niẓāmi Farīd al-Dīn al-Mas‘ūd (Farīddīn al-Mas‘ūd) Dars-e-Niẓāmiyya Fasting Dars-i-Niẓāmi Fasting in Islam Dars-i-Niẓāmiya Fasting in Ramaḍān Dars-i-Nizamiyya Fatawa al-Alamgiriyya Dātā Ganj Bakhsh (Hojvīrī) Fatawa Hindiyya De Tassy Fatāwā’l Ālamgīrā Defensive War Fatawa-i Alamgiri Deities Fatawa-i Alamgiriyya Delhi Sultanate Fatehpur Sikri Deoband Fatva Deoband School Fatwa Deobandī Fazlur Rahman, Ansari Deobandīs Festival Dervish Fetva Dewan Hasan Raja Chaudhuri Fiqh Dewan Hasan Reza Fire Dhikr/Zikr Fire Temples Dihli Sultanate Firoz Shah Disbeliever in God Firozshah Du‘ā’ FīrūzShāh Tughluq E G Early Islamic Polity Gandhi and Muslims Early Zoroastrians Gandhi, Mahatma, and Muslims Eastern Medicine (Pakistan) Ganj Shakar Eid al-Aḍḥā Garcin de Tassy Eid al-Fiṭr Gēsūdarāz, Sayyid Eid/’Īd Ghālib, Mirza Eltotmesh Ghaznavids Enayetpuri Ghaznawids Exerting Effort Ghorids Ghulam ‘Ali Azad F Ghulam ‘Ali Azad of Bilgram Faith in Islam Ghulam Ali Ismail Fakhr al-Dīn Mubārak Shāh Ghulamali Ismail Fakhr-i Mudabbir Ghūrids Fakhr-i-Mudabbir Gisu Daraz Fakhruddin Iraqi Gisudaraz Fakhruddin Mubarakshah Gisu-Daraz Fakr al-Dīn ʿIrāqī Graeco-Arabic Medicine Faqīr Graeco-Islamic Medicine 830 List of Entries Grameen Bank ImāmShāhī Group Imam-e Inqilab Gulamali Ismail I¯mān Imdad Allah H Imdādullāh “Muhājir,” Hājji Ḥadd Imdadullah Muhajir Makki Haji Naji Inayat Hājī Nājī Inayat Khan Haji Shariat Allah Inayatullah Khan Haji Shariat Ullah Independent Judgment Haji Shariatullah India Hajj Indian Jews Hajji Imdad Allah Indian National Congress and Muslims Hajji Imdadullah Infidel Hajji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki Interfaith Relations Hakim al-Ummat Interpretation of Problems Hali, Altāf Ḥusayn Invocation Ḥallāj, al- Iqbāl, Allamah Sir Muḥammad Hasan Raja of Sunamganj Iraqi Jews Hasan Reza Iraqi Jews of India Hason Raja ʿIrāqī, Fakhruddīn (ca. 610–688/1213 or Ḥaydarī 1214–1289) Hazarat Shah Jalal Islamic Belief System Hazrat Inayat Khan Islamic Charity Hazrat Shāh Jalāl Islamic Education Hedaya Islamic Family Law Hidaya Islamic Festival Hidayah Islamic Jurisprudence House of Religious Debate Islamic Law Ḥudood Islamic Laws Ḥudūd Islamic Monotheism Humayun’s Mausoleum Islamic Mysticism Humayun’s Tomb Islamic Personal Law Islamic Philosophy in India I Islamic Political Theory ‘Ibādat Islamic Punishment ‘Ibādat Khāna Islamic Recasting of Knowledge ‘Ibādat Khānah Islamic Saints Ibadatkhana Islamic Transformation of Knowledge Ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṭanjī Islamism Ibn Baṭṭūṭa Islamization of Knowledge Ibn Battutah Ismā‘īlīs Ibn Batuta Ismā‘īl, Gulāmalī (1864–1943) Ibn Taymīyya Ismaili Muslims Ijmā‘ Ismat Chughtaai Ijtihād Ismat Chughtai Imam Ismat Chughtay List of Entries 831 Israelite Origins of Pathan/Pashtun Tribes Khattak, KhushḥālKhān Ithnā ‘Asharī Shi‘ism Khawājagān Khilāfat J Khilāfat Movement Jahan Ara Khoja Jahanara Begum Khojas Jahānārā Begum KhushḥālKhān Khatak/Khaṭak/Khattack Jahāngīr, Nūruddin Mohammad Khwaja Enayetpuri Jahānsūz Khwāja Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī Jalāl ad-Dīn Mujarrad Kochi Jews Jalal al-Din Muhammad Akbar Kochinim Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar Koran Translation Jamā‘at-i Tablīgh Kubrāviyah Jamā‘at-Khānā Kubrāwīyah Order Jama’ati-i-Islam Bangladesh Jama’at-i-Islami Bangladesh L Jamaat-e-Islami, Sri Lanka Lahor Jamaati-e-Islam Bangladesh Lahore Jannat Makani Lal Shahbāz Jāti Lal Shahbāz Qalandar Jawāliqī Laʿl Shahbāz Qalandar (d. 665/1267 or 673/1274) Jewish Authors in India Limit Jewish Literature in India Listening Jewish-Muslim Relations in South Asia Literature of Indian Jews Jews Lodīs Jews of India Luhur Jews of Kerala Jihād M Jinnah, Mahomed Ali Ma‘bar Jinnah, Muḥammad ‘Alī Madrasa Jurisprudence Madrasah Just War Madrasatul Uloom Musalmanan-e-Hind Jūzjānī, Minhāj al-Dīn Mahatma Gandhi and Islam Mahfil K Mahfil-i-Samā‘ Kadir, Shaykh Abdul Mahmood, Justice Syed Kāfir Maḥmūd Ghaznavī Karim Al-Husseini, Shah, Aga Khan IV Malabar Jews Khāleda Jiẏā Malāmātīs Khan Malang Khān, (Nawwāb) Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Manto Khan, Liaquat Ali Mas‘ūdb.Maḥmūd Khānaqāh and Ribat Mas‘ūd Ghaznavī Khāndān-i-Ijtihād (Household of Ijtihād) Mas‘ūdI Khan-e Arzu Masjid Khan-i Arzu Maudoodi Khan-i Khanan Maulana (or Mawlana) Maududi 832 List of Entries Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Murshid Maulana Azad Musharraf, Pervez Maulana Fazlur Rahman Ansari Music Mawdūdī Muslim Anti-semitism Mawlānā Abū’l Kalām Āzād Muslim Community Mawlana Hali Muslim Family Law Mazdaism Muslim Fasting Meer Hasan Muslim Festival Meer Hassan Muslim Nation Messianic Movements Muslim Personal Law Millenarian Movements Musulman Law Millennial Movements Mutali Ceyku Ishākku Minhāj al-Dīn b. Sirāj al-Dīn Mutali Shaykh Ishaq Minhāj-i Sirāj Myanmar Jews ī ī M r Findirisk N Mir Hasan ū ī Nab wat M r Hasan (d. 1786) Nafs Mir Hassan Nafs at-Peace (Nafs-e Muṭma’inna) Mir Mithar Ali Nagore Dargah Mirzā AsadullāhKhānGhālib ā ā Nagore Sharif Mirz Gh lib Namāz Missionaries, Islam Naqšbandiyya Modernity Naqshabandiyya Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, M.A.O. Naqshbandī Mohammedan College of Calcutta Naqshbandīyah Mohandas K. Naqshbandiyya Momna Naqshbandiyyah Moral Commitment Naqvī, Ayatullah ‘Alī Naqī Mosque Nationalism Mountain Jews Nawwāb Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān Mu‘izz al-Dīn Nizām ad-Dīn Muḥammad b. al-Qāsim Nizām al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Qāsim Nizami Muḥammad b. Sām Nizami, K. A. Muḥammad Ghūrī Nizām-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥusaynī Astarābādī Nizām-ud-Dīn Awliyā Muḥammad Qāsim b. Ṣiddīq Labbai Nizārī Ismā‘īlī Muḥammad Rafī‘ Saudā Nizārī Ismā‘īlīs Muʿīn al-Dīn Sijzī Nizari Ismailis Muinuddin Chishti Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs Muir, Sir William Nizāriyya Mujarrad, Shāh Jalāl Nonbeliever Mujibur Rahman, Shaykh Noncooperation Movement Mujibur Rahman, Sheikh Mukammatukācim Cittilevvai O Multān Oneness Multan (Islam and Muslims) Oneness of God List of Entries 833 P Religious Organizations Pahlavi Rivayats Religious Rights Parsi Economic Pre-eminence Religious Tax Parsi Educational Advancement Remembrance Parsi Zoroastrian Rituals, Ceremonies, and Repetition of Zoroastrianism Consecrations in India Restoration of Islamic Civilization Parsism Restriction Partnering with God Rind People Rite Pilgrimage Ritual Pillar of Islam Rizvi, Saeed Akhtar Pīr Rule of Law Pīr Ḥasan Kabīr al-Dīn Pir Hasan Kabirdin S Pīr in Bangladesh Sa’id Pīr Ṣadr al-Dīn Saadat Hasan Manto Pir Sadruddin Saʿādat Ḥasan Maṅṫō Pīr-i Rōkhān/Rūkhān/Rūshān/Rowshān/Rawshān/ Saadat Hassan Manto Raushān Sadat Hassan Manto Pir-o-Murshid Hazrat Inayat Khan Saida Sulatāna Politics, Islām Saiyad Sultān Polytheism Saiyada Sulatāna Poor-Due Saiyid Ahmad Barelvi Prayer Saiyyad Sulṭān Prayer, Islam Ṣalāh
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  • Fasting in Islam Tel: +44 (0)208 8558 1328 S Email: Info@Albirr.Com 72 ALBIRR FOUNDATION UK SAWM [Fasting]

    Fasting in Islam Tel: +44 (0)208 8558 1328 S Email: [email protected] 72 ALBIRR FOUNDATION UK SAWM [Fasting]

    SAWM-cover Press 23/6/14 23:58 Page 1 72 NOT FOR SALE for free distribution only 72 ALBIRR FOUNDATION UK 106 Church Road, Leyton London e10 5hg United Kingdom awmfasting in islam tel: +44 (0)208 8558 1328 S email: [email protected] 72 www.albirr.com ALBIRR FOUNDATION UK SAWM [fasting] albirr foundation uk Contents NOT FOR SALE For Free Distribution Only SAWM/FASTING …5 77 THE MONTH OF RAMADAN …8 SAWM (FASTING) HOW TO FAST …9 isbn 0-9541955-66 Things That Invalidate the Fast …9 First Edition published November 2003 Acts in Fasting That Demand a Penalty …11 Second Edition published March 2008 Recommended Acts to Perform While Fasting …11 Third Edition published June 2014 Acts Permitted During Fasting …14 © Albirr Foundation UK CATEGORIES OF FASTING …16 77 a. The Obligatory Fasting …16 Ramadan …16 To receive your free copy, please send a self-addressed stamped envelope to: People Exempted from Fasting During Ramadan …16 Fasting in Fulfilment of a Vow …18 ALBIRR FOUNDATION UK 106 Church Road, Leyton, London e10 5hg Fasting for Expiation/ Kaffarah …18 United Kingdom tel: +44 (0)208 8558 1328 b. Nafl (Voluntary) Fasting …21 email: [email protected] The Day of ‘Arafah …22 www.albirr.com The 10th Day of Muharram …23 Six Days in the Month of Shawwal …23 77 Three Days Every Month …24 Mondays and Thursdays … 25 >> >> >> design&layout: [email protected] 3 QIYAM AL-LAYL: TARAWIH PRAYER …26 SAWM SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF RAMADAN… 29 ] Night of Power/Laylat al-Qadr …29 [fasting I’tikaf …31 awm (fasting) in Islam means to give up eating, drinking Essentials of i’tikaf …31 and intimate relations with one’s spouse during the day- How to make I’tikaf …32 S light hours – from dawn (the first light) to sunset.
  • Baroda State, Imperial Tables, Part II, Vol-XVII-A

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