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Percnon Gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Decapoda, Grapsidae) Nello Stretto Di Messina, Versante Calabrese

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Percnon Gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Decapoda, Grapsidae) Nello Stretto Di Messina, Versante Calabrese Identificazione e distribuzione nei mari italiani di specie non indigene Classe Malacostraca Percnon gibbesi Ordine Decapoda (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) Famiglia Plagusiidae SINONIMI RILEVANTI Nessuno zoea (z) megalopa (m) DESCRIZIONE COROLOGIA / AFFINITA’ Temperato e sub-tropicale settentrionale e Corpo fortemente depresso, carapace discoidale meridionale. più lungo che largo; fronte con due profonde incisure che lasciano vedere le antennule e delimitano un rostro acuto, dentellato; margine DISTRIBUZIONE ATTUALE antero-laterale con 4 spine, orbitale esterna inclusa. Pacifico orientale dalla California al Cile; Atlantico Chelipedi con mero allungato, nei maschi rivestito occidentale dalla Florida al Brasile e orientale dal dorsalmente da fitta peluria, chela corta, superficie Portogallo al Golfo di Guinea; isole della della palma liscia, arrotondata, nella porzione Macaronesia; Mediterraneo. dorso-prossimale una piccola zona pelosa triangolare a cui fa seguito un solco rivestito di PRIMA SEGNALAZIONE IN MEDITERRANEO setole, esteso per almeno 1/4 della lunghezza della Osservata contemporaneame nte per la prima volta palma. Pereopodi ambulatori lunghi, margine nell’estate 1999 a Linosa (Relini et al., 2000), alle anteriore del mero uniformemente dentato, Isole Baleari (Garcia & Reviriego, 2000) e a Capo margine posteriore con un robusto dente Passero (Mori & Vacchi, 2002). subdistale. Identificazione e distribuzione nei mari italiani di specie non indigene COLORAZIONE PRIMA SEGNALAZIONE IN ITALIA Carapace bruno-rossastro con una sottile linea Linosa, 1999 (Relini et al., 2000). turchese sul margine, pereopodi con bande trasversali giallo intenso. ORIGINE Oceano Atlantico FORMULA MERISTICA - VIE DI DISPERSIONE PRIMARIE Probabilmente attraverso traffici marittimi TAGLIA MASSIMA Può raggiungere una lunghezza di carapace di circa VIE DI DISPERSIONE SECONDARIE 35 mm. La quasi contemporanea comparsa nello Stretto di Sicilia e nell’arcipelago delle Baleari sembra escludere un’espansione mediata da attività umane. STADI LARVALI (ZOEA ) STATO DELL ’INVASIONE Z1-Z6. SR e SD robuste e lunghe in Z1, esili e Non nativo. Attualmente presente (localmente lunghissime negli stadi successivi. Estremità abbondante) in molte zone del versante distale delle SR, SD e SL con spinette in Z1-Z4, settentrionale del Mediterraneo dalle Baleari alla allargata ed appiattita in Z5-Z6. SL curvate verso il costa orientale di Rodi. Segnalata anche sul versante basso. 1 paio di corte protuberanze dorso-laterali + meridionale, in Libia. 1 paio di spine postero-laterali (corte nei primi stadi, evidenti negli ultimi) su MA2-5. Rami della FT senza spine. Lunghezza media SR-SD [mm]: MOTIVI DEL SUCCESSO Z1=2.43; Z6=18.55. Sconosciuti (MEGALOPA ) SPECIE IN COMPETIZIONE Rostro trifido. 1 piccola spina sulla regione branchiale del carapace. A2: peduncolo + flagello - = 3 + 9 segmenti + 1 spina. 3 setole ad uncino, IMPATTI terminali, sul dattilo di P5. 25-26 setole su eso uropodi. LC = 4.2-6.2 mm (secondo provenienza - geografica e/o stagionale). DANNI ECOLOGICI Occupando in parte la porzione inferiore SPECIE SIMILI dell’ambiente caratteristico del grapside autoctono - Pachygrapsus marmoratus , potrebbe entrare in competizione trofica e spaziale con quest’ultimo o con gli altri invertebrati erbivori dell’infralitorale CARATTERI DISTINTIVI superiore (patelle, chitoni, ricci). - DANNI ECONOMICI PER GLI STADI LARVALI (ZOEA ) Palicus caronii , differente per: SL (poco - sviluppate). IMPORTANZA PER L ’UOMO Sconosciuta HABITAT Frequenta ambienti rocciosi ricchi di fenditure e in BANCA DEI CAMPIONI particolare di massi ricoperti da basso feltro algale, - Identificazione e distribuzione nei mari italiani di specie non indigene sotto i quali si rifugia velocemente al minimo PRESENZA IN G -BANK - segno di pericolo, da 0,5 a 4-5 m di profondità. Si PROVENIENZA DEL CAMPIONE nutre di alghe. Nei Caraibi è stata documentata una stretta associazione con l’echinoideo Diadema TIPOLOGIA : (MUSCOLO / ESEMPLARE INTERO / antillarum , che P. gibbesi utilizza come “rifugio” CONGELATO / FISSATO ECC ) naturale. LUOGO DI CONSERVAZIONE PARTICOLARI CONDIZIONI AMBIENTALI CODICE CAMPIONE Sconosciute. BIOLOGIA Femmine ovigere sono state osservate nello Stretto di Sicilia nel periodo luglio - novembre; la più piccola femmina ovigera osservata aveva una lunghezza del carapace di 16 mm; la fecondità nella femmina di maggiori dimensioni (37 mm L.C.) è stata stimata in 5300 uova; diametro delle uova 0,3-0,4 mm. Identificazione e distribuzione nei mari italiani di specie non indigene BIBLIOGRAFIA Bellantoni N. & Corazza C. 2002 - Segnalazione del granchio pantropicale Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Decapoda, Grapsidae) nello Stretto di Messina, versante calabrese. Ann. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Ferrara, 5: 129-130. Borg J.J. & Attard-Montalto J. 2002 - The grapsid crab Percnon gibbesi (Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), a new addition to the marine fauna of Malta. Central Medit. Natur., 3(4): 159-160. Cannicci S., Garcia L., Galil B.S. 2006 - Racing across the Mediterranean – first record of Percnon gibbesi (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) in Greece. JMBA2 – Biodiv. Records, 5300: 2 p. (e- journal). Crocetta F. & Colamonaco G. 2008 - Percnon gibbesi (Crustacea: Decapoda) and Aplysia dactylomela (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Taranto Gulf (Italy, Ionian Sea): new populations incoming. JMBA2 – Biodiv. Records: 4 pp. (e-journal). Elkrwe H.M., Elhawaj H.M., Galil B.S. & Ben Abdallah A. 2008 - The first record of Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Plagusiidae) from the southern rim of the Mediterranean. Aquat. Invas., 3: 243–245 (e-journal). Fausto-Filho J. 1974 – Stomatopod and Decapod Crustaceans of the Archipelago Fernando de Noronha, Northeast Brazil. Arq. Cien. Mar., 14(1): 1-35. Garcia L. & Reviriego B. 2000 - Presència del cranc subtropical Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Grapsidae) a les Illes Balears. Primera cita a la Mediterrània occidental. Boll. Soc. Hist. Nat. Balears, 43: 81-89. Hayes F. E., Joseph V.L., Gurley S. & Wong B.Y.Y. 1998 – Selection by two decapod crabs (Percnon gibbesi and Stenorhynchus seticornis) associating with an urchin (Diadema antillarum) at Tobago, west Indies. Bull. Mar. Sci., 63(1). 241-247. Manning R.B. & Holthuis L.B. 1981 - West African Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 306: 1-379. Martin J.W. & Davis G.E. 2001 – An updated classification of the recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Series, 39: 1-124. Mignucci-Giannoni A.A. 1999 – Assessment and rehabilitation of wildlife affected by an oil spill in Puerto Rico. Env. Poll., 104: 323-333. Mori M. & Vacchi M. 2002 - On a new occurrence of the alien flat crab, Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards), in the Southern Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea). Ann. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Genova, 94: 295-301. Müller C. 2001 – Erstnachweis der Flachkrabbe Percnon gibbesi (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) für die Balearischen Inseln. Senckenberg. Mar., 31(1): 83-89. Pancucci-Papadopoulou M.A., Zenetos A., Corsini Foka M. & Politou C.Y. 2005 - Update of marine alien species in Hellenic waters. Medit. Mar. Sci., 6: 147-158. Paul R.K.G., Hendrickx M.E. & Van der Heiden A.M. 1981 – Range extensions of three species of Brachyuran crabs on the Pacific coast of America. Crustaceana, 40(3): 313-315. Pipitone C. & Arculeo M. 2003 – The marine Crustacea Decapoda of Sicily (central Mediterranean Sea): a checklist with remarks on their distribution. Ital. J. Zool., 70: 69-78. Identificazione e distribuzione nei mari italiani di specie non indigene Pipitone, C., Badalamenti F. & Sparrow A. 2001 – Contribution to the knowledge of Percnon gibbesi (Decapoda, Grapsidae), an exotic species spreading rapidly in Sicilian waters. Crustaceana, 74(10): 1009-1017. Puccio V., Relini M. & Azzurro E. (in stampa) – Osservazioni sulla riproduzione di Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) a Linosa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 10. Relini M., Orsi L., Puccio V. & Azzurro E. 2000 - The exotic crab Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Decapoda, Grapsidae) in the Central Mediterranean. Scientia Marina, 64(3): 337- 340. Russo G.F. & Villani G. 2005 – Diffusione nel Tirreno centrale della specie alloctona Percnon gibbesi (Decapoda, Grapsidae). Biol. Mar. Medit., 12(1): 329-330. Thessalou Legaki M., Zenetos A., Kambouroglou V., Corsini Foka M., Kouraklis P., Dounas C. & Nicolaidou A. 2006 - The establishment of the invasive crab Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) in Greek waters. Aquat. Invas., 1 : 133-136 (e-journal). Williams A. 1984 - Shrimps, lobsters, and crabs of the Atlantic coasts of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 550 pp. Yokes B. & Galil B.S., 2006 - Touchdown - first record of Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) from the Levantine coast. Aquat. Invas., 1 : 130-132 (e- journal). Zenetos A., Cinar M.E., Pancucci-Papadopoulou M.A., Harmelin J.G., Furnari G., Andaloro F., Bellou N., Streftaris N. & Zibrowius H. 2005 - Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. Medit. Mar. Sci., 6: 63-118. PER GLI STADI LARVALI Bourdillon-Casanova L., 1960. Le méroplancton du golfe de Marseille. Les larves de Crustaces Decapodes. Rec. Trav. Sta. Mar Endoume, (18) 30: 1-286. Paula J. & Hartnoll R. G., 1989. The larval and post-larval development of Percnon gibbesi (Crustacea, Brachuyra, Grapsidae) and the identity of the larval genus Pluteocaris. J. Zool. (London), 218(1): 17-37. .
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