Disorders of the Contractile Structures 54
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Muscle Imaging 17 William Palmer and M
Muscle Imaging 17 William Palmer and M. K. Jesse Learning Objectives 17.2 Imaging Modalities in Skeletal Muscle • Review the role of imaging in muscle diseases. Evaluation • Detect and classify acute muscle injury by imaging. Radiograph, while excellent for bone pathology, has limited • Review unique imaging features in idiopathic utility in the evaluation of muscle. Although the majority of infammatory myopathy. muscle pathology is occult on routine radiographic images, • Identify the imaging features of other common X-ray may be useful in a few conditions. Certain infamma- infectious, traumatic, and vascular muscle tory or autoimmune myopathy, for example, is characterized pathologies. by unique soft tissue calcifcations of which radiographs • Discuss the differential considerations in muscle may be the most reliable modality for detection. Magnetic lesions. resonance imaging and ultrasound offer excellent special resolution, allowing for the detailed evaluation of muscle microanatomy. Ultrasound offers an added beneft of dynamic imaging but is less sensitive than MRI for muscle edema and low-grade injury. Because of the superior sensi- 17.1 Introduction to Muscle Imaging tivity in detecting subtle injury, MR imaging evaluation is largely considered the diagnostic gold standard. Evaluation and characterization of skeletal muscle pathology is a frequently encountered indication for musculoskeletal imaging. Causes of muscle pathology are diverse and include 17.3 Traumatic Muscle Injuries traumatic, autoimmune, infectious, infammatory, neuro- logic, and neoplastic. Each etiology while dramatically dif- Muscle injury is common among athletes and poses a serious ferent in the pathophysiology may present with similar limitation to continued performance. The location and extent imaging features. An understanding of the subtle differences of a muscle injury has implications on the recovery and func- in imaging features between the pathologic conditions may tional outcome. -
F-MARC Football Medicine Manual 2Nd Edition F-MARC Football Medicine Manual 2Nd Edition 2 Editors - Authors - Contributors | Football Medicine Manual
F-MARC Football Medicine Manual 2nd Edition F-MARC Football Medicine Manual 2nd Edition 2 Editors - Authors - Contributors | Football Medicine Manual Football Medicine Manual Editors DVORAK Jiri Prof. Dr F-MARC, Schulthess Clinic Zurich, Switzerland JUNGE Astrid Dr F-MARC, Schulthess Clinic Zurich, Switzerland GRIMM Katharina Dr FIFA Medical Offi ce Zurich, Switzerland Authors 2nd Edition 2009 ACKERMAN Kathryn E. Harvard Medical School Harvard, USA BABWAH Terence Dr Sports Medicine and Injury Rehabilitation Clinic Macoya, Trinidad BAHR Roald Prof. Dr Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Oslo, Norway BANGSBO Jens Prof. Dr University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark BÄRTSCH Peter Prof. Dr University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany BIZZINI Mario PT Schulthess Clinic Zurich, Switzerland CHOMIAK Jiri Dr Orthopaedic University Hospital Bulovka Prague, Czech Republic DVORAK Jiri Prof. Dr F-MARC, Schulthess Klinik Zurich, Switzerland EDWARDS Tony Dr Adidas Sports Medicine Auckland, New Zealand ENGEBRETSEN Lars Prof. Dr Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Oslo, Norway FULLER Colin Prof. Dr University of Nottingham Nottingham, England GRIMM Katharina Dr FIFA Medical Offi ce Zurich, Switzerland JUNGE Astrid Dr F-MARC, Schulthess Clinic Zurich, Switzerland KHAN Karim Prof. Dr Editor in Chief British Journal of Sports Medicine Sydney, Australia Editors - Authors - Contributors | Football Medicine Manual 3 KOLBE John Prof. Dr University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand LÜSCHER Thomas Prof. Dr University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland MANDELBAUM Bert Dr Santa Monica Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Group Santa Monica, USA MAUGHAN Ron Prof. Dr University of Loughborough Loughborough, Great Britain PETERSON Lars Prof. Dr Gothenburg Medical Center Gothenburg, Sweden REILLY Thomas Prof. Dr Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool, Great Britain SALTIN Bengt Prof. -
Fluorescent Advanced Glycation End Products in the Detection of Factual Stages of Cartilage Degeneration
Physiol. Res. 56: 235-242, 2007 Fluorescent Advanced Glycation End Products in the Detection of Factual Stages of Cartilage Degeneration M. HANDL1,3, E. FILOVÁ2,3, M. KUBALA4, Z. LÁNSKÝ5, L. KOLÁČNÁ2,3, J. VORLÍČEK6, T. TRČ1, M. PACH7, E. AMLER2,3 1Orthopedic Clinic, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, 2Institute of Biophysics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, 3Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic, 4Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5Department of Protein Structure, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic, 6Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic and 7Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic Received January 2, 2006 Accepted February 27, 2006 On-line available March 23, 2006 Summary Patients treated for knee disorders were included in this study. They were examined clinically (Lequesne and Tegner scores) and by standard X-ray investigation. Patients underwent a surgical procedure, either arthroscopy or knee replacement. At the initial phase of surgery, a sample of cartilage was taken for laboratory examination. Progression of the disorder and the clinical examination was correlated with the actual state of the cartilage using a novel fluorescence approach. The intrinsic fluorescence of cartilages was shown as a suitable and sensitive method for detection of the actual state of cartilages because the correlation with X-ray examination and clinical status was found. -
Patellar Tendinopathy: Some Aspects of Basic Science and Clinical Management
346 Br J Sports Med 1998;32:346–355 Br J Sports Med: first published as 10.1136/bjsm.32.4.346 on 1 December 1998. Downloaded from OCCASIONAL PIECE Patellar tendinopathy: some aspects of basic science and clinical management School of Human Kinetics, University of K M Khan, N MaVulli, B D Coleman, J L Cook, J E Taunton British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada K M Khan J E Taunton Tendon injuries account for a substantial tendinopathy, and the remainder to tendon or Victorian Institute of proportion of overuse injuries in sports.1–6 tendon structure in general. Sport Tendon Study Despite the morbidity associated with patellar Group, Melbourne, tendinopathy in athletes, management is far Victoria, Australia 7 Anatomy K M Khan from scientifically based. After highlighting The patellar tendon, the extension of the com- J L Cook some aspects of clinically relevant basic sci- mon tendon of insertion of the quadriceps ence, we aim to (a) review studies of patellar femoris muscle, extends from the inferior pole Department of tendon pathology that explain why the condi- of the patella to the tibial tuberosity. It is about Orthopaedic Surgery, tion can become chronic, (b) summarise the University of Aberdeen 3 cm wide in the coronal plane and 4 to 5 mm Medical School, clinical features and describe recent advances deep in the sagittal plane. Macroscopically it Aberdeen, Scotland, in the investigation of this condition, and (c) appears glistening, stringy, and white. United Kingdom outline conservative and surgical treatment NMaVulli options. BLOOD SUPPLY Department of The blood supply has been postulated to con- 89 Medicine, University tribute to patellar tendinopathy. -
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary 1. International
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary 1. International Myositis Classification Criteria Project Steering Committee Supplementary 2. Pilot study Supplementary 3. International Myositis Classification Criteria Project questionnaire Supplementary 4. Glossary and definitions for the International Myositis Classification Criteria Project questionnaire Supplementary 5. Adult comparator cases in the International Myositis Classification Criteria Project dataset Supplementary 6. Juvenile comparator cases in the International Myositis Classification Criteria Project dataset Supplementary 7. Validation cohort from the Euromyositis register Supplementary 8. Validation cohort from the Juvenile dermatomyositis cohort biomarker study and repository (UK and Ireland) 1 Supplementary 1. International Myositis Classification Criteria Project Steering Committee Name Affiliation Lars Alfredsson Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Anthony A Amato Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Richard J Barohn Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA Matteo Bottai Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Matthew H Liang Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women´s Hospital, Boston, USA Ingrid E Lundberg (Project Director) Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Frederick W Miller Environmental -
Treatment of Myositis Ossificans with Acetic Acid Phonophoresis: a Case Series Angela Bagnulo, BA, DC, FRCCSS(C)1 Robert Gringmuth, DC, FRCCSS(C), FCCPOR(C)2
ISSN 0008-3194 (p)/ISSN 1715-6181 (e)/2014/353–360/$2.00/©JCCA 2014 Treatment of Myositis Ossificans with acetic acid phonophoresis: a case series Angela Bagnulo, BA, DC, FRCCSS(C)1 Robert Gringmuth, DC, FRCCSS(C), FCCPOR(C)2 Objective: To create awareness of myositis ossificans Objectif : Sensibilisation à la myosite ossifiante (MO) (MO) as a potential complication of muscle contusion comme complication possible de contusions musculaires by presenting its clinical presentation and diagnostic grâce à la présentation de son tableau clinique et de features. An effective method of treatment is offered for ses symptômes. Une méthode efficace de traitement est those patients who develop traumatic MO. offerte pour les patients qui sont atteints de myosite Management: Patients in this case series developed ossifiante traumatique. traumatic MO, confirmed on diagnostic ultrasound. Traitement : Les patients de cette série de cas Patients participated in a treatment regimen consisting souffrent de myosite ossifiante traumatique, confirmée of phonophoresis of acetic acid with ultrasound. par échographie. Les patients ont participé à un régime Outcome: In all cases, a trial of phonophoresis de traitement consistant en une irrigation d’acide therapy significantly decreased patient signs, symptoms acétique par phonophorèse. and the size of the calcification on diagnostic ultrasound Résultats : Dans tous les cas, un essai de traitement in most at a 4-week post diagnosis mark. par phonophorèse a diminué considérablement les Discussion: Due to the potential damage to the muscle signes et les symptômes des patients ainsi que la taille de and its function, that surgical excision carries; safe la calcification détectée par échographie dans la plupart effective methods of conservative treatment for MO are des cas 4 semaines après le diagnostic. -
Patellar Tendon Tear - Orthoinfo - AAOS 6/14/19, 11:18 AM
Patellar Tendon Tear - OrthoInfo - AAOS 6/14/19, 11:18 AM DISEASES & CONDITIONS Patellar Tendon Tear Tendons are strong cords of fibrous tissue that attach muscles to bones. The patellar tendon works with the muscles in the front of your thigh to straighten your leg. Small tears of the tendon can make it difficult to walk and participate in other daily activities. A large tear of the patellar tendon is a disabling injury. It usually requires surgery and physical therapy to regain full knee function. Anatomy The tendons of the knee. Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. The patellar tendon attaches the bottom of the kneecap (patella) to the top of the shinbone (tibia). It is actually a ligament that connects to two different bones, the patella and the tibia. The patella is attached to the quadriceps muscles by the quadriceps tendon. Working together, the quadriceps muscles, quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon straighten the knee. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/patellar-tendon-tear/ Page 1 of 9 Patellar Tendon Tear - OrthoInfo - AAOS 6/14/19, 11:18 AM Description Patellar tendon tears can be either partial or complete. Partial tears. Many tears do not completely disrupt the soft tissue. This is similar to a rope stretched so far that some of the fibers are frayed, but the rope is still in one piece. Complete tears. A complete tear will disrupt the soft tissue into two pieces. When the patellar tendon is completely torn, the tendon is separated from the kneecap. Without this attachment, you cannot straighten your knee. -
Topical Diagnosis in Neurology
V Preface In 2005 we publishedacomplete revision of Duus’ Although the book will be useful to advanced textbook of topical diagnosis in neurology,the first students, also physicians or neurobiologists inter- newedition since the death of its original author, estedinenriching their knowledge of neu- Professor PeterDuus, in 1994.Feedbackfromread- roanatomywith basic information in neurology,oR ers wasextremelypositive and the book wastrans- for revision of the basics of neuroanatomywill lated intonumerous languages, proving that the benefit even morefromit. conceptofthis book wasasuccessful one: combin- This book does notpretend to be atextbook of ing an integrated presentation of basic neu- clinical neurology.That would go beyond the scope roanatomywith the subject of neurological syn- of the book and also contradict the basic concept dromes, including modern imaging techniques. In described above.Firstand foremostwewant to de- this regard we thank our neuroradiology col- monstratehow,onthe basis of theoretical ana- leagues, and especiallyDr. Kueker,for providing us tomical knowledge and agood neurological exami- with images of very high quality. nation, it is possible to localize alesion in the In this fifthedition of “Duus,” we have preserved nervous system and come to adecision on further the remarkablyeffective didactic conceptofthe diagnostic steps. The cause of alesion is initially book,whichparticularly meets the needs of medi- irrelevant for the primarytopical diagnosis, and cal students. Modern medical curricula requirein- elucidation of the etiology takes place in asecond tegrative knowledge,and medical studentsshould stage. Our book contains acursoryoverviewofthe be taught howtoapplytheoretical knowledge in a major neurologicaldisorders, and it is notintended clinical settingand, on the other hand, to recognize to replace the systematic and comprehensive clinical symptoms by delving intotheir basic coverage offeredbystandardneurological text- knowledge of neuroanatomyand neurophysiology. -
Predicting Recovery Time from the Initial Assessment of a Quadriceps Contusion Injury
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Alonso et al: Predicting recovery time from the initial assessment of a quadriceps contusion injury Predicting recovery time from the initial assessment of a quadriceps contusion injury Albert Alonso1, Phillip Hekeik2 and Roger Adams3 1Canterbury Bulldogs Rugby League Club, Sydney 2Private practice, Sydney 3The University of Sydney Six quadriceps contusion tests were evaluated for inter-rater reliability and ability to predict the recovery time of 100 injured rugby players. All subjects were treated with a standardised and disciplined treatment program incorporating cryokinetics and modified training. Muscle firmness ratings, thigh circumference and passive knee flexion range of movement (ROM) measurements, and the unilateral palpation, brush-swipe and tap tests were all found to have substantial to excellent reliability (range: 0.66-1.00). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that 64 per cent of the variance in the time taken to return to full training could be accounted for by an equation involving the uninjured-injured difference in knee range, relative firmness rating of the injured muscle, difference in circumferences at the suprapatellar border, being able to play on following injury and the time delay before starting treatment. [Alonso A, Hekeik P and Adams R (2000): Predicting recovery time from the initial assessment of a quadriceps contusion injury. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 46: 167-177] Key words: Contusions; Myositis; Predictive Value of Tests; Thigh Introduction horse injuries, are the result of a direct blow to the anterior thigh with high velocity compressive forces which are excessive (Young et al 1993, Zarins and Starkey and Ryan (1996) note that obtaining Ciullo 1983). -
Delayed Sciatic Nerve Injury Resulting from Myositis Ossificans Traumatica
PM R 8 (2016) 484-487 www.pmrjournal.org Case Presentation Delayed Sciatic Nerve Injury Resulting From Myositis Ossificans Traumatica Zhe Guan, MS, Thomas J. Wilson, MD, Jon A. Jacobson, MD, Todd C. Hollon, MD, Lynda J.-S. Yang, MD, PhD Abstract A motorcyclist sustained multiple-system trauma, including a left buttock hematoma requiring decompression and evacuation. Presentation for severe hip pain and lower extremity weakness was delayed. Imaging revealed myositis ossificans traumatica compressing the sciatic nerve in the buttock. The patient underwent sciatic nerve decompression with resection of heterotopic calcification, resulting in improvement in pain and left lower extremity function. This case illustrates the contrast in differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve injury immediately posttrauma and that occurring in a slow, delayed fashion posttrauma. Myositis ossificans may be an underrecognized complication of trauma but should be considered in cases of delayed peripheral nerve injury after trauma. Introduction repair. His sacral and vertebral fractures were treated nonoperatively. During his hospital course, he was sus- Neurological deficits after peripheral nerve injury pected to have left gluteal compartment syndrome, a may occur either immediately due to direct injury at the rare disorder affecting 1 or more of the 3 anatomic site of impact or in a delayed fashion due to a variety of gluteal compartments: the gluteus maximus compart- processes that cause secondary insult, including hema- ment, the gluteus medius and minimus compartment, toma formation, delayed ischemia, or iatrogenic injury. and the tensor fasciae latae compartment. The disorder Pelvic trauma/fractures are associated with an typically presents with swelling, redness, and tender- increased risk of nerve injury, particularly to the sciatic ness over the buttock, ipsilateral hip pain, and sciatic nerve [1]. -
Osteochondral Injury of the Knee
® Volume 2, Part 3 December 2005 ORTHOPAEDIC SPORTS MEDICINE Board Review Manual Osteochondral Injury of the Knee Endorsed by the Association for Hospital www.turner-white.com Medical Education Your vision is our new bottom line. The company long respected for advancing the science of cartilage repair has more to offer than you ever anticipated. An established leader in the development of biomaterials and cell therapies, Genzyme Biosurgery is excited to now be driving the marketing and distribution of Synvisc® (hylan G-F 20). And our pioneering research into novel OA and cartilage repair solutions is destined to redefine the field of orthobiologics. So take a second look at Genzyme Biosurgery. What you see may surprise you. Genzyme Biosurgery 55 Cambridge Parkway Cambridge, MA 02142 GENZYME and SYNVISC are registered 1-800-901-7251 trademarks of Genzyme Corporation. www.genzymebiosurgery.com ® ORTHOPAEDIC SPORTS MEDICINE BOARD REVIEW MANUAL STATEMENT OF EDITORIAL PURPOSE Osteochondral Injury The Hospital Physician Orthopaedic Sports Medi- cine Board Review Manual is a peer-reviewed of the Knee study guide for orthopaedic sports medicine fellows and practicing orthopaedic surgeons. Contributors: Each manual reviews a topic essential to the current practice of orthopaedic sports medi- Jason M. Scopp, MD cine. Director, Cartilage Restoration Center, Peninsula Orthopaedic Associates, PA, Salisbury, MD PUBLISHING STAFF PRESIDENT, GROUP PUBLISHER Bert R. Mandelbaum, MD Bruce M. White Fellowship Director, Santa Monica Orthopaedic EDITORIAL DIRECTOR and Sports Medicine Group, Santa Monica, CA Debra Dreger ASSOCIATE EDITOR Editor: Tricia Faggioli Andrew J. Cosgarea, MD EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Farrawh Charles Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT Barbara T. -
Porro NEWORK NEWS
International Polio Network SAINT LOUIS, MISSOURIUSA Winter 2003 .Vol. 19, No. 1 Porro NEWORKNEWS Straight Answers to Your "Cramped" Questions Holly H. Wise, P7; PhD, and Kerri A. Kolehma, MS, MD, Coastal Post-Polio Clinic, Charleston, South Carolina Tired in the morning? Is it diffi- Cramps can occur throughout origins anywhere in the central cult to get comfortable for a good the day but more often occur at and peripheral nervous systems night of sleep? A complaint often night or when a person is resting. and may explain the wide range reported at the Coastal Post-Polio Although it is not known exactly of conditions in which the Clinic in Charleston, South why cramps happen mostly at cramping occurs (Bentley, 1996). Carolina, is the inability to get these times, it is thought that to sleep at night due to leg pain, the resting muscle is not being Seeking Answers twitching, or cramping. stretched and is therefore more A thorough history and possibly easily excited. Muscle cramping is a relatively a referral for screening labs will common, painful, and bother- The basis for the theory that help determine the causes for some complaint among generally I cramps occur more at rest, due to I leg pain and cramping. Polio healthy adults, and is more com- I the muscle not being stretched, I survivors can provide a descrip- mon in women than men. Some I is that passive stretching can I tion of their muscle cramps, studies estimate as many as 50- 1 relieve muscle cramping. Pain I identification of the time and 70% of older adults may experi- I associated with cramping is likely I place when they occur, and an ence nocturnal leg and foot I caused by the demand of the I activity log of the 24-48 hours cramps (Abdulla, et.