DOCSLIB.ORG

Creating Culturally Responsive Classrooms

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Creating Culturally Responsive Classrooms Creating Culturally Responsive Classrooms Presented by Ellen Montgomery April 1, 2018 11:15am-12:15pm American School of Doha [email protected] Agenda • Introduction • What is Critical Race Theory, Critical Pedagogy and the Hidden Curriculum? • Turn and Talk… • What is Cultural Responsive Teaching? • Framework(s) for Culturally Responsive Teaching • T-Chart Activity • Resources and Authors What is Critical Race Theory? •CRT recognizes that racism is engrained in the fabric and system of the American society. •The individual racist need not exist to note that institutional racism is pervasive in the dominant culture. •This is the analytical lens that CRT uses in examining existing power structures. •CRT identifies that these power structures are based on white privilege and white supremacy, which perpetuates the marginalization. What is Critical Pedagogy? •Critical Pedagogy is a teaching approach which attempts to help students question and challenge domination, and the beliefs and practices that perpetuate it (such as the cultural deficit paradigm). •Teachers need to be critically conscious and use an analytical lens (the hope is that teachers will help students learn to do this as well). What is the Hidden Curriculum? The hidden curriculum reinforces social reproduction and cultural hegemony by preserving the interests of a dominating group. Turn and Talk ….. In what ways have you helped perpetuate the dominant culture or possibly marginalize a student in your classroom? A story of skin color in the art room…. What is Culturally Responsive Teaching? Two Important Authors : Geneva Gay & Gloria Ladson-Billings Culturally Responsive Teaching is a pedagogy that recognizes the importance of including students' cultural references in all aspects of learning (Ladson-Billings, 1994). Geneva Gay Some of the characteristics of culturally responsive teaching are: •Positive perspectives on parents and families •Communication of high expectations •Learning within the context of culture •Student-centered instruction •Culturally mediated instruction •Reshaping the curriculum •Teacher as facilitator Four Conditions Necessary for Culturally Responsive Teaching 1.Establish Inclusion 2.Develop Positive Attitude 3.Enhance Meaning 4.Engender Competence T- Chart Activity with group Use the characteristics, conditions, and principles charts as a guide What culturally What culturally responsive practices are responsive practices do we already using? we need to put more effort into? Some authors, books, articles you may be interested in. Anyon, J. (1980). Social class and the hidden curriculum of work. Journal of Education, 162(1), 67-92. Apple, M.W. (2004). Ideology and curriculum. New York, NY: Routledge Falmer. Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson (Ed.). Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (New York, NY: Greenwood), 241- 258. Delpit, L. (2006). Other people’s children: Cultural conflict in the classroom. New York, NY: The New Press. Dewey, J. (1925). Human nature and conduct: An introduction to social psychology. New York, NY: Modern Library. Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, & practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Teachers College Press. Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. New York, NY: Basic Books. Gibbons, P. (2002). Scaffolding language, scaffolding learning. Portsmouth, NH: hooks, b. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. New York, NY: Routledge. 89 hooks, b. (2004). Culture to culture. Ethnography and cultural studies as critical intervention. In S.N. Hesse- Biber, and P. Leavy (Eds.). Approaches to Qualitative Research. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 149-158. Igoa, C. (1995). The inner world of the immigrant child. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press. Ladson-Billings, G. (2011). Is meeting the diverse needs of all students possible? Kappa Delta Pi Record, 47(1), 13-15. Nieto, S. (1994, Winter). Lessons from students on creating a chance to dream. Harvard Educational Review, 64(4), 392-426. Nieto, S. (2010). The light in their eyes: Creating multicultural learning communities. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. Noddings, N. (1999). Care, justice, and equity. In M. S. Katz, N. Noddings, and K. A. Strike (Eds.), Justice and caring: The search for common ground in education, pp. 7-20. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. Paley, V.G. (2000). White teacher. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Porfilio, B.J., & Malott, C.S. (2011). Guiding white pre-service and in-service teachers toward critical pedagogy: Utilizing counter-cultures in teacher education. Educational Foundations, 25(1), 19-19. Talyor, S.V., & Sobel, D.M. (2011). Culturally responsive pedagogy: Teaching like our students lives matter. London, England: Emerald Group. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Moral Education in a Non-Traditional Setting in Vietnam
    BENDING BAMBOO: MORAL EDUCATION IN A NON-TRADITIONAL SETTING IN VIETNAM Eric J. Buetikofer A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2009 Committee: Patricia Kubow, Advisor Christopher Frey William Wiseman ii © 2009 Eric Buetikofer All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Patricia Kubow, Advisor Vietnam is a country rich with culture and tradition. This thesis examines the cultural practice of teaching morality in a non-traditional school in Vietnam. This qualitative case study took place in a non-traditional school located in central Vietnam that caters to street children. Findings from the participant interviews are discussed through the use of vignettes. The vignette themes include morality, citizenship, philosophical association, gender and one’s ability to be moral, bending bamboo and morality, morality and role playing, street children and moral education, learning and importance of language, learning English as a Second Language in the school, and debates and learning good citizenship. Each vignette is discussed using information from participant interviews and Western and Eastern moral education practices. Research for this paper has been completed utilizing educational and psychological theoretical literature concerning moral education and moral philosophy in conjunction with empirical studies conducted in Vietnam. iv This thesis is dedicated to my wife Jessica Turos and my mother Kathy Buetikofer, who have been supportive in all of my educational endeavors. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my Thesis committee, Dr. Kubow, Dr. Frey, and Dr. Wiseman, for all of their guidance. I could not have completed this formidable project without you.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Hidden Curricula on the Resistance Behavior of Undergraduate Students in Psychological Counseling and Guidance at a Turkish University
    Asia Pacific Education Review Copyright 2006 by Education Research Institute 2006, Vol. 7, No. 1, 94-107. The Role of Hidden Curricula on the Resistance Behavior of Undergraduate Students in Psychological Counseling and Guidance at a Turkish University Sedat Yüksel Uludağ University Turkey Student resistance can be a very important problem for the instructors in universities. Student resistance includes the conscious and preplanned behaviors towards the information presented to them in the classroom and the institutional practices. Typically, student resistance takes the form of passive or active non-compliance with roles and outputs expected of them as students. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of hidden curricula on student resistance. The research was conducted on senior undergraduate students in a Turkish University, in the Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance. Given the exploratory nature of this investigation, a case study methodology was employed. Data was collected from official documents, class observations, and interviews. The results of this research indicated that the students demonstrated resistance to some dimensions of the hidden and delivered curricula. Specifically, while the students showed resistance towards the delivered curriculum and ‘banking education’, they did not show similar resistance to symbolic violence and the ‘warming-up’ process. Key Words: Hidden curriculum, psychological counseling students, student resistance, teacher education Introduction been investigated (Margolis, 2001). The purpose of this 1 research is to examine both the positive and negative effects Student resistance to the schooling process has always of hidden curricula on student resistance in psychological been a problem for teachers and has become one of the most counseling programs in Turkey.
    [Show full text]
  • Student Voice and the International Curriculum: Connections, Contexts and Spaces
    Student Voice and the International Curriculum: connections, contexts and spaces Rohan Skene UCL Institute of Education Doctor in Education (International) i Declaration I Rohan Skene substantiate that the work produced in this thesis is my own. In the instances where information has been derived from other sources, I can confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. ii Abstract This thesis explores the relationship between student voice and the international curriculum and the significance of this relationship for learning in secondary schools. Framed within a social realist epistemology and employing individual and focus group interviews to gather teacher and student perspectives, this work employs an interpretive research approach, underpinned by established work on student participation and wider concepts of the curriculum and curriculum design. Curricular developments within a growing international secondary school sector, an under-realisation of the recognised benefits of greater student-teacher collaboration and a deficit in research available on the relationship between student voice and the international curriculum created the need to explore these notions further. Three European international schools are researched and contrasted, each one distinctly offering a linear, constructivist or mixed approach in delivering the International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) or International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme (IBMYP) secondary curriculums. This study confirms that the authentic engagement of students and teachers in learning conversations is similarly problematic in an international context as in a national one. However, impediments to student voice can be negotiated through the creation of a shared space where pedagogical dialogical encounters are encouraged and where teacher and student interior authenticities are affirmed.
    [Show full text]
  • EXPLORING the HIDDEN CURRICULUM WITHIN a DOCTORAL PROGRAM a Dissertation Submitted To
    “IT’S NOT ALWAYS WHAT IT SEEMS”: EXPLORING THE HIDDEN CURRICULUM WITHIN A DOCTORAL PROGRAM A dissertation submitted to the Kent State University College and Graduate School of Education, Health, and Human Services in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Rachel Elizabeth Foot August, 2017 © Copyright, 2017 by Rachel E. Foot All Rights Reserved ii A dissertation written by Rachel E. Foot B.A. (Hons), University of the West of England, 2000 M.Sc., Clarion University, 2003 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2017 Approved by __________________________________, Director, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Alicia R. Crowe __________________________________, Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Joanne Kilgour Dowdy __________________________________, Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Tricia Niesz Accepted by __________________________________, Director, School of Teaching, Learning Alexa L. Sandmann and Curriculum Studies __________________________________, Dean, College of Education, Health James C. Hannon and Human Services iii FOOT, RACHEL, E. Ph.D., August 2017 TEACHING, LEARNING AND CURRICULUM STUDIES “IT’S NOT ALWAYS WHAT IT SEEMS”: EXPLORING THE HIDDEN CURRICULUM WITHIN A DOCTORAL PROGRAM (pp. 315) Dissertation Director: Alicia R. Crowe Ph.D. The purpose of this qualitative, naturalistic study was to explore the ways in which hidden curriculum might influence doctoral student success. Two questions guided the study: (a) How do doctoral students experience the hidden curriculum? (b) What forms of hidden curricula can be identified in a PhD program? Data were collected from twelve doctoral students within a single program at one university. Participants took part in three sets of semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed using a cross-case analysis. Findings suggest that doctoral students experience mixed messages related to the values and norms of the program when the intended, explicit curriculum is contradicted by a hidden curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • Unschooling and Social Justice/Multicultural Education: (Un)Realized Potential Kristan Morrison Radford University, US
    Other Education: The Journal of Educational Alternatives ISSN 2049-2162 Volume 7(2018), Issue 2 · pp. 97-117 Unschooling and Social Justice/Multicultural Education: (Un)Realized Potential Kristan Morrison Radford University, US. Abstract An online survey of unschooling families (student-directed form of homeschooling) sought to discover whether and how unschooled children experience a social justice curriculum (one that seeks equity between cultures, ethnicities, genders, classes, and sexualities). The 2016 survey asked about unschooled children’s relationships with/recognition of people different from themselves, their degree of critical analysis of systems and institutions in society which created, maintain, and perpetuate inequities, and whether they had opportunities to envision and work for a just and equitable society. The philosophical tenets of unschooling complicate this query, and are explored. Findings illustrate that unschooling’s educational philosophy of “curriculum-as- lived” (as opposed to “curriculum-as-plan”) (Aoki, 2004) has the potential (though not realized by all unschooling families) to provide a unique approach to social justice/multicultural education, allowing unschooled children to learn about minoritized cultures, systems that led to the minoritization, and the possibilities and pathways to a more equitable society. Keywords unschooling, multicultural education, social justice, student-directed learning, homeschooling Introduction Unschooling defined Student-directed learning in the home, termed unschooling (Farenga, 1999), is a form of education in which parents eschew a formal or standardized curriculum and instead allow their children curricular freedom. In unschooling, “the learner’s freedom and autonomy [is] limited as little as possible, ...learning always starts with the individual’s needs, goals, and desires, and not with any supposed body of knowledge or societal demands” (Miller, 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • The Politicization of University Schools of Education the Long March Through the Education Schools Jay Schalin
    The Politicization of University Schools of Education The Long March through the Education Schools Jay Schalin FEBRUARY 2019 The Politicization of University Schools of Education EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Few institutions receive more attention and more funding than our education system. And it certainly warrants that attention; after all, education plays a big part in determining the future. Reformers abound, for both higher education and the K-12 system. But they have largely missed one of the most crucial components of education, our schools of education, where future teachers are trained. They are out of sight and unapproachable for the K-12 reformers, and too technical and too much on the periphery for those who focus on higher education’s shortcomings. That has proven a grave error. Education schools are fundamental to all education. They are serving the nation badly, and it’s not just about test scores and graduation rates. Teacher education has become one of the most politicized corners of academia, an institution that is already out of step with the rest of the country politically. Education schools are leading the charge to “transform” the nation, and that transformation is not leading us to a better, freer, more prosperous, more humane society. This politicization of the education schools is not new, it is not invisible, and it is not occurring through random happenstance or by good ideas pushing out bad ones. It started over 100 years ago in the Progressive era, when the education schools first emerged as a body of experts who focused on “teaching” as a science; many of those experts were socialists who were open about their intentions to change the nation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hidden Curricula of Medical Education: a Scoping Review Carlton Lawrence, Tsholofelo Mhlaba, Mbcbb, Mmed, Kearsley A
    Review The Hidden Curricula of Medical Education: A Scoping Review Carlton Lawrence, Tsholofelo Mhlaba, MBCbB, MMed, Kearsley A. Stewart, PhD, Relebohile Moletsane, PhD/MsC, Bernhard Gaede, MBBCh, MMed, PhD, and Mosa Moshabela, MBChB, MMed, PhD Abstract Purpose reliability. They extracted, coded, and curriculum” is understood as a mostly To analyze the plural definitions and analyzed key data, using grounded negative concept. Its definition varies applications of the term “hidden theory methodology. widely, but can be understood via four curriculum” within the medical conceptual boundaries: (1) institutional– education literature and to propose a Results organizational, (2) interpersonal–social, conceptual framework for conducting The authors uncovered 3,747 articles (3) contextual–cultural, and/or (4) future research on the topic. relating to the hidden curriculum in motivational–psychological. medical education. Of these, they selected Method 197 articles for full review. Use of the Conclusions The authors conducted a literature search term “hidden curriculum” has expanded Future medical education researchers of nine online databases, seeking articles substantially since 2012. U.S. and should make clear the conceptual published on the hidden, informal, or Canadian medical schools are the focus boundary or boundaries they are implicit curriculum in medical education of two-thirds of the empirical hidden applying to the term “hidden prior to March 2017. Two reviewers curriculum studies; data from African and curriculum,” move away from general independently screened articles with set South American schools are nearly absent. musings on its effects, and focus on inclusion criteria and performed kappa Few quantitative techniques to measure specific methods for improving the coefficient tests to evaluate interreviewer the hidden curriculum exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Postmodern View of the Hidden Curriculum
    Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Fall 2007 Postmodern View of the Hidden Curriculum Linda W. Dickerson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Recommended Citation Dickerson, Linda W., "Postmodern View of the Hidden Curriculum" (2007). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 455. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/455 This dissertation (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 A POSTMODERN VIEW OF THE HIDDEN CURRICULUM by LINDA DICKERSON (UNDER THE DIRECTION OF WILLIAM REYNOLDS) ABSTRACT This dissertation will address the hidden curriculum and the impact that it has on the contemporary classroom. In the twentieth century, America is facing a variety of crises, one being the state of the national educational system, and part of this crisis is the public image that the educational system presents to the public eye through the hidden curriculum. Every institution has a public image or the side of it which first meets the eye, but often these images are deceptive. Schools present a public image in that schools teach much more than they claim to teach and they complete this task through rules, curriculum, and responses to all events and situations. The hidden curriculum actually functions in the open through the practices of the school, and is only hidden in the fact that these practices go unacknowledged by teachers, administrators, parents and students.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hidden Civic Lessons of Public and Private Schools
    Journal of Catholic Education Volume 7 Issue 3 Article 5 3-1-2004 The Hidden Civic Lessons of Public and Private Schools David Sikkink Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ce Recommended Citation Sikkink, D. (2004). The Hidden Civic Lessons of Public and Private Schools. Journal of Catholic Education, 7 (3). http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/joce.0703052013 This Focus Section Article is brought to you for free with open access by the School of Education at Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for publication in Journal of Catholic Education by the journal's editorial board and has been published on the web by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information about Digital Commons, please contact [email protected]. To contact the editorial board of Journal of Catholic Education, please email [email protected]. Twale, Ridenour/THE SACRED AND THE SECULAR 339 FOCUS SECTION THE HIDDEN CIVIC LESSONS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS DAVID SIKKINK University of Notre Dame Curriculum theory has long acknowledged the presence of a hidden cur- riculum in schools. Whereas the formal curriculum is explicit and docu- mented, the hidden curriculum involves those attitudes, experiences, and learnings that are largely implicit and unintended. This article compares the hidden civic lessons found in public and private schools. Catholic and other private schools have measurable organizational strengths
    [Show full text]
  • Hidden Curriculum in a Special Education Context: the Case of Individuals with Autism
    Journal of Educational Research and Practice 2019, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 30–39 DOI:10.5590/JERAP.2019.09.1.03 Hidden Curriculum in a Special Education Context: The Case of Individuals With Autism Mona F. Sulaimani Ohio University Dianne M. Gut Ohio University This article examines the issue of hidden curriculum as it pertains to the experiences of individuals with disabilities, primarily those diagnosed with autism disorders. Examining the assumptions regarding the hidden curriculum, this article explores the challenges these assumptions create for individuals with autism. We provide suggestions for how these challenges could be overcome through the use of specific strategies. Keywords: hidden curriculum, autism, social interaction, social skills, school Introduction The nature of our increasingly interconnected world heavily influences our work as scholars and professionals. In a heterogeneous world, methods of teaching and learning have been impacted through influencing demographics of the school-age population of students. It is not only difficult but unethical to ignore the heterogeneous and diverse nature of students in school. In response, the curriculum can no longer be designed for a homogenous population in which students have similar needs and are being trained for specific occupations. Regardless of the situation, persons must work and interact with other persons in the larger society where individuals differ in terms of race, gender, sexual orientation, and ability. This latter difference makes it important to recognize the need to accommodate individuals with special needs in educational contexts to prepare them for their postschool pursuits. According to Alsubaie (2015), the hidden curriculum is a term used to describe the unwritten, unofficial, unintended, and undocumented life lessons and virtues that students learn while in school.
    [Show full text]
  • The Curriculum of Capitalism: Schooled to Profit Or Schooled to Educate
    Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Spring 2011 The Curriculum of Capitalism: Schooled to Profit or Schooled to Educate Douglas O. Carroll Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Recommended Citation Carroll, Douglas O., "The Curriculum of Capitalism: Schooled to Profit or Schooled to Educate" (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 528. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/528 This dissertation (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 THE CURRICULUM OF CAPITALISM: SCHOOLED TO PROFIT OR SCHOOLED TO EDUCATE? by DOUGLAS O. CARROLL Under the Direction of Grigory Dmitriyev ABSTRACT Utilizing a critical pragmatist framework for analysis of the United States public school education, the research suggests the United States public education system perpetuates a curriculum of Capitalism linking with democracy; yet social Capitalism remains remarkably undemocratic as the experience of race, class, and gender contradict the curriculum of public schools. The consequence of these contradictions is perpetuation of racist or sexist stereotypes, a distinct class system delineated by financial, educational, and techno-wealth, a heightened if not profound sense that the American ideal is no longer within reach or a political sham. In sharp contrast to conservative theories of education and the move to standardize education, progressive educators do not believe in disassociating classroom experience from the sum of the accumulated experience of the individual.
    [Show full text]
  • Hidden Curriculum As One of Current Issue of Curriculum
    Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.6, No.33, 2015 Hidden Curriculum as One of Current Issue of Curriculum Merfat Ayesh Alsubaie Department of Educational Leadership, Research and Technology, K-12 Leadership, Western Michigan University, 1903 W Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 Abstract There are several issues in the education system, especially in the curriculum field that affect education. Hidden curriculum is one of current controversial curriculum issues. Many hidden curricular issues are the result of assumptions and expectations that are not formally communicated, established, or conveyed within the learning environment. Thus, awareness of hidden curricular issues becomes a consideration, which has negative and positive influences. Keywords: Curriculum issue, hidden curriculum, positive and negative impact. 1. Introduction Understanding the influential factors at work within learning environment in the school or the classroom is a growing area of interest. Hidden expectations, skill sets, knowledge, and social process can help or hinder student achievement and belief systems. A hidden curriculum refers to the unspoken or implicit values, behaviors, procedures, and norms that exist in the educational setting. While such expectations are not explicitly written, hidden curriculum is the unstated promotion and enforcement of certain behavioral patterns, professional standards, and social beliefs while navigating a learning environment (Miller & Seller, 1990). This argumentative study is investigated how hidden curriculum issue transpired in learning environments of institutional and organization systems. Therefore, this paper will focus on the scholarly literature to show the hidden curriculum as the one of the problems, which most common in the curriculum.
    [Show full text]