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Abstract eBook KYIV - 2018 Dear Colleagues, The 4th International Symposium on EuroAsian Biodiversity (SEAB2018) which held July since 3 till 6, 2018 organized by the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering (NASU) and Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, UKRAINE. The program of SEAB2018 included all aspects of basic and applied biodiversity researches. This Symposium provided us not only with the opportunity to learn about the newest biodiversity research developments, but also to strengthen professional and personal contacts with colleagues throughout the world. With kind regards, Dr. Namik Rashydov Co-Chair of SEAB2018 Editors: Olena Nesterenko, Andrii Potrohov, Lidiya Khudolieieva, Nataliia Kutsokon 324 A Part of the Territory of the Vast Forest Slopes of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains M.Y. HASANOVA, S.A. ALIEVA, L.B. ALIZADA, K.C.TAQIEVA Institute of Dendrology Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences [email protected] The aim of the work: Here forests in the form of separate arrays of main foothills of the northern, north- eastern and eastern slopes covered. Lesser Caucasus in the north eastern region, coniferous forests mainly Garmagvari Goygol, around the villages of Tovuz region of pine trees and forests are found in the Winter. The region's forests are mostly deciduous broadleaf types. Lesser Caucasus in the north-east slopes of the mountainous areas in order to prevent the collapse of lands from erosion and degradation processes, corrupt forest restoration and planting new forests urgent problems of the time. The time taken to curb the growth of forests, erosion, severe ecological disasters, erosion processes, expansion, growth of gray areas, mountainous areas, floods and landslides, avalanches, there will be the danger of drying up of springs and rivers. In these areas, particularly in low- lying areas of the few non-wooded forests and protective forests and forest several times the amount of restoration and large-scale studies are being carried out in order to rekanstruksiya. That should be considered to be increasingly limited areas of forests and large-scale logging operations in these areas because of decreasing erosion threatens the forest. Deforestation, erosion and collapse of slopes, unsystematic cattle grazing, drought, the cultivation of agricultural crops and natural vegetation areas. antropodinamik factors resulted sukssesiyalarla. The above-mentioned factors dramatically affect the vegetation of the area. Materials and methods: In order to prevent water erosion in mountainous areas, protective forests, as well as a large set of measures for the rehabilitation of rivers basins (reforestation, aqromeliorativ and hidromeliorativ) should be led. Forest fund is the precious treasure of the people. At the moment, the most important problem of forestry is focused and efficient use of the forest fund. In Azerbaijan, this problem is very actual, so here the forest areas are so few, the reserve of the soil areas that will be given to the forest production is limited. In our forests, 150 species of feral fruit plants of 1536 species are available. There are thousand tons (walnut, apple, pear, dogwood, hawthorn, medlar, hazelnut, pistachios, dates, hawthorn, blackberry, etc.) of feral fruit products in these plants. 30 percent of these fruits are significance of consumption products. Results: Forest Protection and Restoration Department of Tovuz region has an area of 100 hectares seeding. Each year more than one million seedlings of various species in these areas are grown. Tinglərdən species of deciduous and coniferous forests in Tovuz grown in areas facing severe ecological disasters, steppe areas, to prevent the growth and expansion of erosion processes are used in greening mesəbərpası and road edges. Since the road had a positive impact on the ecology of trees and shrubs. Keywords: Lesser Caucasus in the north-eastern part of the forest, erosion 325 Age-Related Pyruvate Kinase Activity in Brain Structures of the Rats Subjected to Hypoxia in Prenatal and Postnatal Ontogenesis Afag RASHIDOVA Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences 78, Sharifzadeh St., Baku AZ1100, Azerbaijan [email protected] Aim of the study: The studies of the time-related changes in pyruvate kinase activity(PK; EC 2.7.1.40) under stressful factors raised big interest in researchers. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of the changes in PK activity, one of the key enzymes of energy metabolism in the brain, in relation to the age of the animals, brain structures and period of hypoxia.The experiments were conducted in accordance with bioethical principles and guidelines documents, recommended by European scientific fund and Helsinki declaration. Material and Methods: In the 1 st series of the experiments 20 albino female rats were exposed to hypoxia in special gas mixture (5% of oxygen, 95% of nitrogen) in the stage of organogenesis of prenatal development during 5 days, daily for 20 min in а special hyperbaric chamber. The progeny was divided into 3 groups and were bred until they achieved 17-day, one-month (these aged groups of rats are considered to be critical ones in postnatal development) and three-month ages. The 2 nd series of the experiments were carried out on the albino male rats of 3 age groups: 3-month-old (mass 90-110 g), 6- month-old (mass 130-150 g), 12-month-old (mass 190-220 g). After each series of experiments the animals were sacrificed and the whole brain was carefully dissected on ice and orbital, sensorimotor, limbic cortices, hypothalamus and cerebellum were identified. In order to eliminate the effect of handling stress the appropriate control group of animals of the same age were placed into the same chamber under normal oxygen content. PK- activity was determined by the method of H.U.Bergmeyer. Results: Energy metabolism in the brain differs from other tissues by its high reactivity and plays an important role in adaptation of the functional state of a whole organism to stressful factors. The dynamics of changes in PK-activity in brain structures of rats exposed to hypoxia on E13-E17 days of intensive organogenesis, did not show restoration of PK activity up to the control indexes on P17, P30 and P90 days (p<0.01; <0.001).The results show, that hypoxia, given to fetus during organogenesis leads to changes in glycolysis process in the brain structures that bears irreversible character. The results of postnatal exposure to hypoxia on P90, P180 and P360 days showed that with increasing age, animals get more resistant to the effects of exogenous stress factors, indicating to switching on more mature adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in these age groups (p<0.01).The highest resistance was observed in cortical structures. These data are considered as an evidence of realization of biological effects of hypoxia through oxidative mechanism. The study of the age-related changes in the PK-activity in the brain structures in response to hypoxia will allow understanding the mechanisms of redox–shifts in the brain, subjected to hypoxia in prenatal and postnatal periods of ontogenesis. Key words: rats, brain structures, hypoxia, pyruvate kinase, ontogenesis,age-related changes. 326 Agroflora of the Watered Areas in the Lesser Caucases Z.İ. TAĞIYEVA Ganja State University, Azerbaijan [email protected] Based on the analysis of biological and morphogenetic features of the natural conditions and lands of the north-western slope of the Lesser Caucasus the modern ecological situation in the territories have been learned. As the result of studies, changes in the speed of the soil of the antropogen and natural causes in North-western slope of the Lesser Caucasus,erosia and salinization processes and these negative consequences have been fixed in the administrative regions , soil composition, structure, agricultural areas have been analyzed. According to the study, 11 families , 77 genera and 221 species have been identified on the plant cover of the hay field. 51.58% legumes ,42,53%grains and 5.88% various grasses are organise in the area. Material and Methods: In the practice, mowing was conducted with grass mowing aggregate,it has been sown and dried in the area and dry weight determined. Agro-technical measures which accepted for the district were taken in the practise area. For the learning agro-chemical characterics of the experience field lands, before putting experience 0-30 from 5 konvert form; 30-60; 60-100 cm layers of soil samples have been taken and analysed. After the first and last mowing, mixed soil samples were taken from 0-30 and 30-60 cm layers phenological observations and biometric measurements taken every cutting out. Results of the experience were confirmed with mathematical calculations. The economic efficiency of fertilizers calculated with the method N.N.Baranov for the additional product costs. Rainfall is important for the take higher yields of agricultural crops and feed plants in the irrigated regions of the Lesser Caucasus. Provision of poor water irrigation of the region and forage crops dont allow substantial expansion of arable lands. Results: Studies show that, there are humus 2.1%, nitrogen 0.18%, 0.16% phosphorus, 2.58% potassium in 0-20% layer of irrigated chestnut soils. Amount of flexible food items were organised of easy hydrolysis of the 108.2 nitrogen,flexible phosphorus 18.6 , exchanging potassium 241.0 mg / kg, in the accordance layer. 80-100 cm layer significantly decreased the amount of nutrients. During the summer months little rainfall and mountain water scarcity prevents cultivation of fodder crops. It becomes clear of perennial informations ,rainfall is much important for cultivation forage crops. According to information,much more precipitation rainfall in Aprel, May and June months. Amount of rainfall sharply decreases over the years.Precipitation sharply decreases in July and August months, lack of irrigation water. As a result, the size of the launch and development become weakening of agricultural crops.