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The Case Against Psychotherapy Registration

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The Case Against Psychotherapy Registration The Case Against Psychotherapy Registration Richard Mowbray is a practitioner of Primal Integration, a form of human potential work, and has been in group and individual practice for the last 16 years. He is co-director, with Juliana Brown, of the Primal Integration Programme in London and has been a member of the Open Centre, one of the UK’s longest established growth centres, since 1979. iii iv The Case Against Psychotherapy Registration A Conservation Issue for the Human Potential Movement Richard Mowbray Trans Marginal Press v First published in 1995 by Trans Marginal Press 36 Womersley Road Crouch End London N8 9AN England United Kingdom Cover illustration by Juliana Brown Cover design by Tony Pinchuck Typeset by Trans Marginal Press Printed on recycled paper by Calvert’s Press Workers’ Co-operative London E2 Copyright © Richard Mowbray 1995 All rights reserved. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Bookshops, file under: Psychotherapy/psychology/counselling and: Law/political economy/professional regulation and: Human potential movement/personal growth ISBN 0-9524270-0-1 vi This book is dedicated to Bill Swartley who led the way, Juliana Brown with whom I travel and my clients, sine qua non. vii viii Contents Preface ......................................................................................................... xi Introduction: The Emperor’s Wardrobe .........................................................1 Section I Psychotherapy - A Suitable Case for Statutory Treatment? 1 The Terminology of Regulation ...........................................................7 2 Some Stated Justifications for a Psychotherapy Register ­ and Some Refutations .........................................................................10 3 The European Bogeyman ...................................................................20 4 The Hidden Agenda of Professions ....................................................28 5 Precursors of the Current Proposals for the Statutory Registration of Psychotherapy in the UK ...............................................................35 6 The Nature of UKCP ..........................................................................48 7 UKCP in Perspective - Other Register Builders ................................67 8 Comparisons with Other Countries ....................................................72 9 Licensing and the Public Interest - the Purported Benefits ................77 10 Licensing and the Public Interest - the Harmful Side-effects.............86 11 Licensing and the Public Interest- Pre-conditions for Licensing .......89 12 Licensing and Psychotherapy - Definitions and Boundaries..............92 13 Licensing and Psychotherapy - Protecting the Public from Harm ...100 14 Licensing and Psychotherapy - Qualifications, Standards and the Requirements of Entry to the Occupation ........................................ 115 15 Licensing and Psychotherapy - Hogan’s Conclusions .....................120 16 The Bases of Competence - Significant Criteria for Practitioner Selection .......................................................................122 17 Practitioner Selection and the Perils of Transference .......................125 18 The Training Business and the Business of Training .......................132 19 Carving up the Field and Doing the NVQs ......................................136 20 Third Party Payments and ‘de facto’ Regulation ............................142 21 The Codes of Practice of ‘Defensive Psychotherapy’ ......................148 ix Section II Human Potential Work and Psychotherapy - A Suitable Case for Differentiation 22 Human Potential Work and the Rise of the Therapy Bureaucracies 157 23 Humanistic Psychology Joins in ­ the Humanistic and Integrative Psychotherapy Section of UKCP ...160 24 Human Potential Work and Psychotherapy ­ Ambiguous Terminology and the Right to Practise .........................167 25 Human Potential Work and Psychotherapy ­ a Subtle but Important Boundary .....................................................172 26 What’s in a Name? ...........................................................................185 27 Preserving the Fringe........................................................................198 Section III No Treatment Required 28 Disclosing the Alternatives ...............................................................203 29 Politics, Politics ................................................................................213 Section 1V Appendices, ‘Case’ Notes and Bibliography Appendix A Whither the Human Potential Movement? .......................223 Appendix B Registration in Australia ...................................................228 Appendix C Registration in Canada and the Case of the Crucial Conjunction ..........................234 Appendix D Self and Peer Assessment and Accreditation ....................239 Appendix E Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Personal Growth .............242 Appendix F Assessing Trainers ­ Some Suggested Questions for Prospective Trainees .......245 Appendix G Supervision - Who’s in Charge? .......................................247 ‘Case’ Notes ..............................................................................................249 Bibliography ..............................................................................................271 Index ..........................................................................................................289 x Preface This book started life in 1993 as an idea for a paper or booklet intended as an attempt to forestall what I then saw to be a risk of imminent legislative endorsement of UKCP, the presumptuously titled United Kingdom Coun­ cil for Psychotherapy. Then, as now, my deepest concerns were with the impact this would have upon the human potential movement and its ca­ pacity to promote personal and social transformation. An ‘inevitable’ ad­ vance towards statutory control was widely touted at the time and in the face of this prospect, a climate of compliance and passivity, if not support, prevailed amongst practitioners. Apart from a few critical articles, there was little protest, even from the humanistic world. As I delved into the issue, however, it became apparent that the risk of legislation was in the medium or longer term rather than an immediate prospect and this realization allowed me to reassess, broaden and interna­ tionalize the objectives of the project. Moreover, the more I discovered about the issue, the wider its ramifications and the deeper its significance appeared to be. Consequently, although its imminent arrival had already been an­ nounced in some quarters, this project developed something of a life of its own and continued to grow into the more comprehensive study which you now hold. Even as ‘vapourware’ however, it seemed to have been doing some good by publicizing the fact that there actually is a case against psychotherapy registration - a fact that seemed to have escaped the notice of many people. This project would have come to nought, however, were it not for the shared world-view and endless support and encouragement of Juliana Brown whom I must thank for tireless feedback, painstaking editorial, re­ search and administrative input, and for the splendid cartoon that graces the cover. In many respects this project is as much hers as mine. xi I am also very grateful to all those friends, colleagues and clients who have helped the project on its way with encouragement, with information, with feedback, with criticism of the drafts and with other support of vari­ ous kinds. Particular thanks are due to Silke Ziehl, Kate Wylie, Christine and John Woodruff, Lola and Peter Wilkins, Mike Wibberley, Eric Whitton, Annie Sullivan, Mike Shackleton, Tony Pinchuck, Barbara McCrea, Murray Mahon, Betty Hughes, Guy Gladstone, Sandra Evans, Basiro Davey, Hyone and Tony Criscuolo, Wilma Brown and David Babsky. I also owe a special debt of thanks to Daniel Hogan for his inspiring study of psychotherapy regulation and for permission to quote portions therefrom. I am also grateful to all those others whose views on this subject I have referred to herein and to which I hope I have done justice. I also wish to acknowledge the journal Self and Society which - as a “channnel of communication for the human potential movement” - has been one of the few forums where the issues addressed by this book have been actively debated. Last but not least, my thanks for the VW Beetle of computing - the Tandy 100 (Super Rom equipped), the marvellously simple and distrac­ tion-free writing machine with which much of this book was written. It may not be fast but it gets there. Please note that the following convention regarding emphasis in quotations has been adopted in this book: emphasis in quota­ tions is in italics if present in the original and in bold italics if added by myself. xii Introduction - The Emperor’s Wardrobe Introduction The Emperor’s Wardrobe ... a veritable Emperor’s wardrobe of nonsense. (David Wasdell, 1992:5) During the 1990s, the practice of psychotherapy and counselling has at­ tracted a great deal of adverse publicity. Tales of sexual exploitation, false memory implantation or other dubious activities have become so common in the media that one could be forgiven for thinking that this is a very hazardous activity indeed, perhaps carrying risks comparable to those that have so often accompanied drug-based approaches to personal
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