U. S. Senate Election - 1899 18 January to 19 April 1899 - 79 Ballots No election. Convention adjourned sine die.

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 18Jan 19 Jan 20 Jan 22 Jan 23 Jan 24 Jan 25 Jan 26 Jan 27 Jan 28 Jan 30 Jan Matthew Quay Rep 112 111 93 55 63 106 104 103 73 30 35 George Jenks Dem 84 85 69 41 48 80 79 81 55 1 4 John Dalzell Rep 15 17 14 12 11 15 16 15 13 1 0 Charles W. Stone Rep 98856877700 John Stewart Rep 99998886500 George E. Huff Rep 55533556600 Charles Tubbs Rep 43433222100 E. A. Irvin Rep 33333323300 Charles E. Smith Rep 11100110000 Charles E. Rice Rep 22100221100 J. F. Downing Rep 22101200000 Galusha Grow Rep 11111111100 Alvin Markle Rep 11111222200 P. A. B. Widener Rep 00002233200 Benjamin Hale Rep 00000100000 Frank M. Riter Rep 00000022200 Not Voting * 6 6 44 121 104 16 20 22 83 222 215 * Includes paired, absent, and not voting legislators, as well as vacancies.

12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 31 Jan 1 Feb 2 Feb 3 Feb 4 Feb 6 Feb 7 Feb 8 Feb 9 Feb 10 Feb 11 Feb Matthew Quay Rep 104 108 104 69 17 19 105 106 100 78 17 George Jenks Dem 82 82 79 53 2 3 79 80 77 59 4 John Dalzell Rep 14 15 15 12 0 0 14 14 18 15 1 Charles W. Stone Rep 76650056550 John Stewart Rep 67871155550 George E. Huff Rep 66770065650 Charles Tubbs Rep 12220012210 E. A. Irvin Rep 45330063440 Charles E. Smith Rep 11100011000 Charles E. Rice Rep 32110022110 Galusha Grow Rep 11110011110 Alvin Markle Rep 22100011110 P. A. B. Widener Rep 22220022220 Frank M. Riter Rep 22220022220 Samuel Eastburn Rep 00000046000 Not Voting 20 13 22 90 234 231 20 18 30 75 232

23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st 32nd 33rd 13 Feb 14 Feb 15 Feb 16 Feb 17 Feb 18 Feb 20 Feb 21 Feb 22 Feb 23 Feb 24 Feb Matthew Quay Rep 12 17 50 97 56 10 9 9 12 96 80 George Jenks Dem 524744544687365 John Dalzell Rep 111151210111512 Charles W. Stone Rep 00054000054 John Stewart Rep 00065000167 George E. Huff Rep 00054000154 Charles Tubbs Rep 00022000022 E. A. Irvin Rep 00063000076 Charles E. Smith Rep 00000000000 Charles E. Rice Rep 00021000021 Galusha Grow Rep 00011010011 Alvin Markle Rep 00011000000 P. A. B. Widener Rep 00021000022 Frank M. Riter Rep 00021000011 Not Voting 236 234 199 36 118 239 240 238 231 39 69 34th 35th 36th 37th 38th 39th 40th 41st 42nd 43rd 44th 25 Feb 27 Feb 28 Feb 1 Mar 2 Mar 3 Mar 4 Mar 6 Mar 7 Mar 8 Mar 9 Mar Matthew Quay Rep 13 16 85 105 96 64 13 11 101 105 95 George Jenks Dem 14 14 67 80 74 55 9 8 77 81 75 John Dalzell Rep 00111817 13 0 0 17 17 19 Charles W. Stone Rep 00444400444 John Stewart Rep 00787700887 George E. Huff Rep 00677800897 Charles Tubbs Rep 00211211121 E. A. Irvin Rep 11544200655 Charles E. Smith Rep 00111000011 Charles E. Rice Rep 00221100222 Galusha Grow Rep 00111100131 Alvin Markle Rep 00111100101 P. A. B. Widener Rep 00222300333 Frank M. Riter Rep 00222200222 Not Voting 226 223 58 18 36 91 231 234 23 12 31 45th 46th 47th 48th 49th 50th 51st 52nd 53rd 54th 55th 10 Mar 11 Mar 13 Mar 14 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 18 Mar 20 Mar 21 Mar22 Mar Matthew Quay Rep 43 6 10929486358 88893 George Jenks Dem 37 4 7 73 78 71 34 5 4 75 75 John Dalzell Rep 9101817 14 11 1 2 17 18 Charles W. Stone Rep 40044331044 John Stewart Rep 60067760167 George E. Huff Rep 60085430066 Charles Tubbs Rep 10012210022 E. A. Irvin Rep 41154320044 Charles E. Smith Rep 00013400022 Charles E. Rice Rep 10022210022 Galusha Grow Rep 10011110011 Alvin Markle Rep 10000110001 P. A. B. Widener Rep 30033330033 Frank M. Riter Rep 20021110011 Not Voting 136 242 236 38 33 51 152 239 239 43 35 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th 67th 23 Mar 24 Mar 25 Mar 27 Mar 28 Mar 29 Mar 30 Mar 31 Mar 1 Apr 3 Apr 4 Apr 5 Apr Matthew Quay Rep 87 35 4 9 87 94 83 31 9 8 95 89 George Jenks Dem 71 34 4 8 69 73 68 28 4 6 76 72 John Dalzell Rep 17 10 1 1 51 53 47 30 2 400 Charles W. Stone Rep 320000000000 John Stewart Rep 6500000000510 George E. Huff Rep 7500000000050 Charles Tubbs Rep 210000000000 E. A. Irvin Rep 440100000000 Charles E. Smith Rep 300000000000 Charles E. Rice Rep 111100000000 Galusha Grow Rep 110000000000 Alvin Markle Rep 110000000000 P. A. B. Widener Rep 330100000000 Frank M. Riter Rep 410000000000 Not Voting 47 151 244 233 47 34 56 165 239 236 32 43 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 6 Apr 7 Apr 8 Apr 10 Apr 11 Apr 12 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 15 Apr 17 Apr 18 Apr 19 Apr Matthew Quay Rep 90 40 11 11 95 96 94 86 6 36 93 93 George Jenks Dem 72 38 8 10 7676746633388585 George E. Huff Rep 000000000000 Charles Tubbs Rep 5100000000000 E. A. Irvin Rep 03467510000000 Charles W. Stone Rep 0000052000000 Alvin Markle Rep 0000005300000 Calvin Wells Rep 0000000502800 B. F. Jones Rep 00000000006969 Not Voting Rep 43 142 129 226 32 30 33 53 211 172 7 7 State Senate House of Representatives Dist. County Name Party Voted for County Dist Name Party Voted for 1 Philadelphia (Part) Vare, George A. Rep Quay Adams Duttera, Charles H. Dem Jenks 2 Philadelphia (Part) Holzwarth, George W. Rep Adams Cole, Francis Dem Jenks Irvin (1-6, 69-72), Riter (7-59), Dalzell, (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Allegheny 1 Simon, Charles W. Rep Quay Tubbs (68), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Allegheny 1 Robison, Samuel D. Rep 3 Philadelphia (Part) Osbourn, Francis A. Rep Quay Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) 4 Philadelphia (Part) Henry, J. Bayard Rep Allegheny 2 Henderson, John H. Rep Quay Dalzell (1, 3-65), Quay (2), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Allegheny 2 Marshall, William T. Rep Quay Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Allegheny 3 McElhany, William W. Rep 5 Philadelphia (Part) Brown, Charles L. Rep Quay Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67-68), Irvin (69-72), 6 Philadelphia (Part) Scott, John M. Rep Quay Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) 7 Philadelphia (Part) Grady, John C. Rep Quay Allegheny 3 McCandless, Guy P. Rep 8 Philadelphia (Part) Martin, David Rep Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-72), Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Allegheny 4 Brophy, Thomas M. Dem Jenks 9 Delaware Sproul, William C. Rep Allegheny 5 McFarlane, George L. Rep Smith (1-59, 64-65), Dalzell (60-63), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Allegheny 5 Hosack, George M. Rep 10 Bucks Rice, Hampton W. Rep Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) Huff (1-17, 20-31, 37-48, 67), Irvin (32-36), Smith (49-59, 64-65), Allegheny 5 Klumpp, Frank J. Rep Stewart (66), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Allegheny 5 Nisbet, William W. Rep 11 Berks Miller, W. Oscar Dem Jenks Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) 12 Montgomery Wentz, John A. Dem Jenks Allegheny 6 McWhinney, Robert Rep 13 Lancaster (Part) Eby, Milton Rep Quay Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) 14 Lancaster (Part) Stober, J. A. Rep Quay Allegheny 6 Robb, James McB. Rep 15 Dauphin McCarrell, Samuel J. M. Rep Quay Grow (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), 16 Lehigh Stiles, Harry G. Dem Jenks Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74-77), Jones (78-79) 17 Lebanon Gobin, J. P. S. Rep Not voting Allegheny 7 Ford, Thomas J. Rep Gobin resigned on 17 January 1899, the date of the first ballot. Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), 17 Lebanon Weiss, Samuel * Rep Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74-77), Jones (78-79) First voted on ballot 36. Dalzell, (36-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs Allegheny 7 Shaw, John I. Rep (68-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) 18 Northampton Kemerer, Jacob B. Dem Jenks Allegheny 8 Srodes, J. Lewis Rep 19 Chester Snyder, William P. Rep Quay Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) 20 Lackawanna, Luzerne (Part) Armstrong McNees, George W. Rep Vaughan, James C. Rep Quay Armstrong Turner, W. Fred Rep 21 Luzerne (Part) Scott, W. J. Rep Quay Quay (1-53, 60-79), Jenks (54-59) 22 Carbon, Monroe, Pike Lee, David S. Dem Beaver Bricker, William H. Rep Quay Jenks (1-12, 14-79), Quay (13) Beaver Harrold, Simon Rep Quay 23 Bradford, Wyoming Mitchell, B. B. Rep Quay Bedford Miller, William C. Rep Quay 24 Columbia, Montour, Lycoming, Sullivan Bedford Doty, Edmund S. Dem Jenks Cochran, J. Henry Dem Jenks Berks 1 Drase, Henry E. Dem Jenks 25 McKean, Potter, Tioga Merrick, Walter T. Rep Quay Berks 1 Hoch, Daniel K. Dem Jenks 26 Susquehanna, Wayne Hardenbergh, E. B. Rep Quay Berks 2 Spatz, Charles B. Dem Jenks 27 Snyder, Northumberland, Union Berks 2 Naftzinger, Frank H. Dem Jenks Hummel, Edwin M. Rep Quay Berks 2 Reiff, Lot W. Dem Jenks 28 York Haines, Harvey W. Dem Jenks Blair Stewart, Samuel E. Fusion Jenks 29 Schuylkill (Part) Losch, Samuel A. Rep Blair Stall, Harry E. Fusion Jenks (1-12, 14-79), Quay (13) Stone (1-6), Huff (7-59, 67), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Tubbs (68- 30 Schuylkill (Part) Higgins, John F. Dem 72), Stone (73), Markle (74-77), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Not voting (1-7), Paired (8-71), Jenks (72-79) Bradford Lewis, E. D. Rep Quay 31 Juniata, Mifflin, Perry Hertzler, William Rep Quay Bradford Edmiston, Robert S. Rep 32 Cumberland, Adams Miller, William E. Dem Jenks Dalzell (1-7), Irvin (8-18, 26-35, 42-72), Eastburn (19-25), Huff (36), 33 Franklin, Huntingdon Chisolm, H. Clay Rep NOT FOUND Dalzell (37-41), Stone (73) 34 Clinton, Clearfield, Centre Bradford Manley, Lawrence T. Rep Heinle, William C. Dem Jenks Dalzell (1-17, 20-25, 27-35, 37-49, 54-65), Eastburn (18-19), Irvin (26, 35 Blair, Cambria Stineman, Jacob C. Rep Quay 69-72), Huff (36, 67), Smith (50-53), Stewart (66), Tubbs (68), Stone 36 Bedford, Fulton, Somerset (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Weller, John S. Rep Bucks Winner, William P. Rep Stone (1-59, 73), Dalzell, (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68- Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69), Stone 72), Irvin (69-72), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) 37 Indiana, Jefferson Mitchell, James G. Rep Bucks Wilkinson, Harry Rep Quay (1-73, 78-79), Markle (74), Wells (75-77) Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (69), Stone 38 Cameron, Clarion, Elk, Forest (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Neely, Alfred M. Dem Jenks Bucks Edwards, Frank G. Rep 39 Westmoreland Brown, John H. Rep Quay Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone 40 Fayette, Greene Boyd, Albert D. Dem Jenks (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) 41 Armstrong, Butler Meredith, William B. Rep Quay Butler Moore, James N. Rep 42 Allegheny (Part) Muehlbronner, Charles A.Rep Quay Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone 43 Allegheny (Part) Magee, C. L. Rep Quay (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) 44 Allegheny (Part) Flinn, William Rep Butler Dindinger, John Rep Stone (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) 45 Allegheny (Part) Crawford, John W. Rep Cambria Sheridan, Thomas T. Dem Jenks Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) Cambria Lingle, W. C. Dem Jenks 46 Beaver, Washington Hawkins, Alexander L. Rep Not voting Cameron Smith, Sylvester S. Dem Jenks 47 Lawrence, Mercer Brown, William M. Rep Quay Carbon Craig, Thomas B. Dem Jenks 48 Warren, Venango Cumings, Henry H. Rep Quay Centre Wetzel, John H. Dem Jenks 49 Erie Gibson, Perry A. Rep Quay Centre Foster, Robert McCay Dem Jenks 50 Crawford Washburn, O. R. Dem Jenks Chester Ralston, H. Frank Fusion Jenks Chester Pratt, John W. Fusion Jenks Chester Rendall, John B. Fusion Stewart (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-69), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) County Dist Name Party Voted for County Dist Name Party Voted for Chester Jefferis, Plummer E. Fusion Mercer Caldwell, George H. Rep Stewart (1-17), Eastburn (18-19), Dalzell (20-25, 63-65), Stewart (26-62, Stone (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin 66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) (75-77), Jones (78-79) Mercer Martin, John M. Rep Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone Clarion Hoy, John A. F. Dem Jenks (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Clarion Brown, Thomas Dem Jenks Mifflin Rothrock, Samuel H. Dem Jenks Clearfield Harris, Frank G. Rep Quay Montgomery Sexton, Jason Rep Clearfield Alexander, Joseph Rep Stone (1, 73), Dalzell (2-17, 20-48, 51-65), Eastburn (18-19), Smith (49- Irvin (1-59, 69-72), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), 50), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Markle (74), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Clinton Smith, Joseph W. Rep Jenks Montgomery Fetterolf, Henry H. Rep Columbia Chrisman, William Dem Jenks Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone Columbia Creasy, William T. Dem Jenks (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Crawford Cutshall, Philip M. Dem Jenks Montgomery Hersch, John G. Dem Jenks Crawford Stranahan, Chapman A. Dem Jenks Montgomery Larzelere, John Dem Jenks Crawford Palm, Andrew J. Dem Jenks Montgomery Rosenberry, Wellington H. Dem Jenks Cumberland Myers, Robert L. Dem Jenks Monroe Burnett, Rogers L. Dem Jenks Cumberland Manning, Harry (Henry) Dem Jenks Montour Foster, James Rep Cumberland Manning, Edgar S. Dem Jenks Dalzell (1-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone * Harry Manning died 27 January 1899 but continued to be listed as paired (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) in the balloting through 30 Juary. Edgar Manning assumed the seat on 24 Northampton Johnson, Irwin N. Dem Jenks February 1899. Northampton Miller, B. Frank Dem Jenks Dauphin 1 Meals, Ezra S. Rep Quay Northampton Heil, Philip H. Dem Jenks Dauphin 2 Seal, John B. Rep Quay Northumberland Schoffstall, Henry W. Rep Quay Dauphin 2 Rutherford, Samuel H. Rep Quay Northumberland Criste, Peter J. Dem Jenks Dauphin 2 Keiper, Edward S. Rep Quay Perry Seidel, J. Harper Rep Quay Delaware Bliss, Ward R. Rep Philadelphia 1 Selby, Charles N. Rep Quay Stewart (1-60), Dalzell (61-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Philadelphia 1 MacIver, Joseph Rep Quay Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Philadelphia 2 Slater, John F. Rep Quay Delaware Garvin, Thomas H. Rep Quay Philadelphia 3 Reed, William Rep Delaware Baldwin, Richard J. Rep Quay Huff (1-6), Riter (7-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs Elk Dixon, George R. Dem Jenks (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Erie 1 Brooks, John B. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 4 Fay, Thomas J. Dem Jenks Erie 2 Hoskins, Frank L. Rep Quay Philadelphia 5 Lloyd, John R. Rep Quay Erie 2 Mulkie, John R. Rep Quay Philadelphia 6 McConnell, James Rep Quay Fayette Dumbald, Horatio S. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 7 Salter, Samuel Rep Quay Fayette Keegan, James, Jr. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 8 Chew, David S. B. Rep Quay Fayette Deyarmon, T. Robb Dem Jenks Philadelphia 9 Wadsworth, Edward D. Rep Forest Towler, Samuel S. Rep Quay Stone (1-8, 12-32, 73), Quay (9-11), Stewart (33-59), Dalzell (60-65), Franklin Britton, William W. Rep Quay Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle Franklin Kreps, William C. Rep Quay (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Fulton Skinner, George W. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 10 Fahey, Edward H.** Rep Quay Greene Smith, John H. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 10 Voorhees, Charles E. Rep Quay Huntingdon Milliken, Thomas O. Rep Quay Philadelphia 11 Gransback, Henry Rep Quay Huntingdon Bare, John S. Rep Quay Philadelphia 12 Stulb, Theodore B. Rep Quay Indiana McGaughey, John Rep Not voting Philadelphia 13 Yates, Leslie Rep Indiana Morrow, John W. Rep Not voting Quay (1-38), Widener (39-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Jefferson Smith, William O. Rep Not voting Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74-77), Jones (78-79) Juniata Fisher, A. J. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 14 Scott, John R. K. Rep Quay Lackawanna 1 Farr, John R. Rep Quay Philadelphia 15 Colville, Alexander Rep Quay Lackawanna 2 Scheuer, John J., Jr. Rep Quay Philadelphia 15 Woodruff, Clinton RogersRep Lackawanna 3 Mackey, Nathan C. Rep Rice (1-59), Dalzell (60-66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-77), Jones (78-79) Quay (1-38), Rice (39-41), Dalzell (42-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Philadelphia 16 Stewart, William F. Rep Tubbs (68-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Dalzell (1-60), Stewart (61-66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Lackawanna 4 Timlin, P. E. Dem Jenks Stone (73-74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Lancaster 1 McClain, Frank B. Rep Quay Philadelphia 16 Abrams, Elias A. Rep Lancaster 2 Heidelbaugh, Milton Rep Quay Stewart (1-7), Huff (8-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Lancaster 2 Peoples, Hiram Rep Quay Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Lancaster 3 Reitzel, Quintin O. Rep Quay Philadelphia 17 Fow, John H. Dem Jenks Lancaster 3 Weaver, Barton W. Rep Quay Philadelphia 18 Clarency, James Rep Lancaster 3 Cassel, H. Burd Rep Quay Stewart (1-59, 66), Dalzell (60-65), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Lawrence McAnlis, James Rep Quay Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Lawrence Todd, Robert A. Rep Quay Philadelphia 18 Stradling, Walter Rep Lebanon Zerbe, Thomas T. Rep Quay Widener (1-7), Irving (12-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Lebanon Meyer, Ezra Rep Quay Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Lehigh Roth, Jeremiah Dem Jenks Philadelphia 18 Shane, Charles Rep Lehigh Moyer, Jonas F. Dem Jenks Stewart (1-59, 66), Dalzell (60-65), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Lehigh Kramlich, Milton J. Dem Jenks Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Luzerne 1 Boyle, Patrick J. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 19 Keyser, William H. Rep Quay Luzerne 2 Coray, Elisha A., Jr. Rep Philadelphia 19 Riebel, John H. Rep Quay Rice (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin Philadelphia 20 Nyce, L. Harry R. Rep (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Stewart (1-59), Dalzell (60-67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Luzerne 3 Gruver, George W. Dem Jenks Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Luzerne 4 Snyder, Frank L. Rep Philadelphia 21 Keator, John F. Rep Markle (1-42, 44-59), Grow (43), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Downing (1-11), Dalzell (12-13, 18-42, 44-55, 60-65), Stewart (14-17, 66), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Huff (43, 67-71), Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Luzerne 5 Tighe, Michael J. Dem Jenks Philadelphia 22 Linton, Robert A. Rep Luzerne 6 McAndrews, John P. Dem Jenks Irvin (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69- Lycoming Castner, Lewis M. Dem Jenks 72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Lycoming Engler, John Dem Jenks Philadelphia 23 Savage, Mahlon L. Rep Lycoming Osler, David W. Dem Jenks Huff (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69- McKean Dempsey, Richard A. Rep Quay 72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) McKean Richmond, Thomas F. Rep Quay Philadelphia 24 Adams, Ebenezer Rep Quay Mercer Morrison, Levi Rep Quay Philadelphia 24 Noblit, Charles B. Rep Quay County Dist Name Party Voted for County Dist Name Party Voted for Philadelphia 25 Whittingham, Alexander J.Rep Quay Tioga Smith, Frederick B. Rep Philadelphia 25 Aiman, Sylvanus C. Rep Quay Tubbs (1-60), Dalzell (61-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Philadelphia 26 McClellan, Hersh Rep Not voting Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Philadelphia 27 Allen, Abraham L. Rep Union Brown, Francis E. Dem Jenks Stewart (1-4), Widener (5-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Venango Hasson, William Dem Jenks Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Venango Maloney, George Dem Jenks Philadelphia 27 Laubach, Palmer Rep Warren Parshall, E. W. Rep Quay Stewart (1-4), Widener (5-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Washington McLarn, J. H. Rep Quay Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Washington Murdock, William M. Rep Quay Philadelphia 28 Ackerman, Adam C. Rep Quay Washington Clark, J. V. Rep Philadelphia 28 Williams, George W. Rep Quay Quay (1-77), Jones (78-79) Pike Kessler, Frederick A. Dem Jenks Wayne Norton, William C. Rep Potter Crittenden, W. W. Rep Quay Stone (1-12, 14-17, 19), Irvin (13, 18, 32, 42-43), Dalzell (20-31, 33-41, Schuylkill 1 Anderson, William Dem Jenks 44-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle Schuylkill 2 Constien, Harry H. Dem Jenks (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Schuylkill 3 Guenther, A. D. Dem Jenks Wayne Thompson, John H. Dem Jenks Schuylkill 4 O’Brien, David F. Dem Jenks Westmoreland Wilson, William D. Rep Schuylkill 4 Noecker, James A. Dem Jenks Huff (1-22), Quay (12, 66), Huff (13-59, 67), Dalzell (60-65), Tubbs (68), Schuylkill 4 Haag, Harry O. Dem Jenks Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Snyder Smith, Albert M. Rep Quay Westmoreland Youngson, George W. Rep Quay Somerset Koontz, William H. Rep Westmoreland Stevens, George H. Rep Quay Stewart (1-59), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Westmoreland Hargrave, Frank B. Rep Irvin (72), Stone (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Dalzell (1-60), Stewart (61-66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68-71), Irvin (72), Stone Somerset Kendall, Samuel A. Rep (73), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) Stone (1-13, 73), Huff (14-59, 67-71), Dalzell (60-65), Stewart (66), Wyoming Squier, Arthur H. Dem Jenks Irvin (72), Markle (74), Wells (75-77), Jones (78-79) York Kayler, Reuben R. Dem Jenks Sullivan Christian, J. L. Rep Quay York Shutt, Harry B. Dem Jenks Susquehanna Tiffany, George B. Rep Quay York Macomber, Wilson Z. Dem Jenks Susquehanna Adams, James W. Rep Quay York Sterner, Conrad D. Dem Jenks Tioga Young, Robert K. Rep Tubbs (1-60), Dalzell (61-65), Stewart (66), Huff (67), Tubbs (68), Irvin (69-72), Stone (73), Markle (74-77), Jones (78-79)

The tables for the 1881 and 1899 Senatorial elections are presented 1881, when the Republican factions finally hammered out a compromise, differently from those for the other elections. Whereas the other tables there would be no compromise in 1899. The anti-Quay Republicans did present a vote by vote description of each election, the complexity of these not unify their forces until the 60th ballot, then engaged in a curious exer- two are such that such a table would be more confusing than informative. cise of switching candidates on each ballot in the vain hope that they could In both cases, the election involved a battle between the two segments of a attract enough support to overthrow the Quay forces. bitterly divided Republican Party. As a result, neither Republican faction The deadlock turned the election into a farce. Established rules required nor the Democratic candidate were able to muster enough votes to win. at least one ballot every day except Sunday. While this policy was faith- In order to allow the legislators some flexibility in their personal lives fully followed, there was seldom anything approaching a quorum present during these marathon events, a practice known as “pairing” came into use on Saturdays and most Mondays. The low point was on 25 March when whereby a legislator could absent himself from a session if he could get a only ten legislators out of 254 appeared for the rollcall. supporter of the opposition to agree to absent himself as well. In so doing, The adjourning of the Legislature on 19 April ended the confrontation each legislator involved could avoid giving an advantage to the other side. without resolution. Quay was acquitted by a friendly court the following Efforts to make up a chart showing pairings, absences, and refusals to day and the governor immediately appointed him to fill the vacancy. Un- vote when present makes it virtually impossible to track the ebb and flow fortunately, governors did not have that power until the constitution was of the votes. Accordingly this chart in most cases shows non-voting mem- amended to provide for popular election more than a decade later and the bers as supporting the candidate for which they cast their vote immediately Senate refused to seat Quay. The seat remained vacant for a year when the prior to their absenting themselves from the process. There was far less new legislature returned Quay to Washington. movement between candidates than had been the case in 1881, the Quay While the Quay fiasco would be a low point in Pennsylvania politics, machine being far stronger than the aging Cameron machine 18 years ear- the state was not alone at the time. It had become evident that the existing lier. system of electing Senators by state legislatures didn’t work. One report The 1899 Senatorial election was the most bitterly fought in Pennsyl- claimed that there were 45 deadlocks in 20 different states in the period vania history, dragging on for 79 ballots over 90 days without producing a between 1891 and 1905. winner. There were strong similarities with the 1881 election in that the At the same time that Quay was fighting for reelection in 1899, a more Pennsylvania Republican Machine, now headed by Matthew Quay, was spectacular battle was going on next door in Delaware. John Edward opposed by an anti-machine faction within the party, as well as by the Addicks, a millionaire Pennsylvania native who had made a fortune in Democrats. Unfortunately, the Republican opposition was not unified and public utilities in the Northeast, had decided that he would like to be a was unable to secure an advantage out of the fact that Quay was under Senator and established residence in Delaware where he funded a revival indictment for misuse of funds. of the Republican Party. The struggle between Addicks and Henry duPont As in 1881 the business community had an interest in the elections. for control of the state government led to a battle over Delaware’s Senate Quay’s bitterest enemy appears to have been John Wanamaker, seats which dragged on until 1905. This struggle led to Delaware having Pennsylvnia’s most prominent merchant, although Wanamaker had no in- both of its Senate seats vacant at one point. Still the 1899 Pennsylvania terest in holding office himself. Alvin Markle was building a small traction election provided another argument for election reform which was brought empire in the area in and around Hazleton and Peter A. B. Widener was about by the 17th Amendment to the Constitution in 1913. arguably the most powerful public utilities magnate in the region. Unlike

18 March 2006