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Romanian Journal of Psychiatry 01/2013; XV(2); 2

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Romanian Journal of Psychiatry 01/2013; XV(2); 2 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-chief: Dan PRELIPCEANU Co-editors: Dragoș MARINESCU Aurel NIREȘTEAN ASSOCIATE EDITORS Doina COZMAN Liana DEHELEAN Marieta GABOȘ GRECU Maria LADEA Cristinel ȘTEFĂNESCU Cătălina TUDOSE ROMANIAN Executive Editors: Elena CĂLINESCU Valentin MATEI STEERING COMMITTEE Vasile CHIRIȚĂ (Honorary Member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, Iasi) JOURNAL Michael DAVIDSON (Professor, Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv Univ., Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York) Virgil ENĂTESCU (Member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, Satu Mare) Ioana MICLUȚIA (UMF Cluj-Napoca) of Șerban IONESCU (Paris VIII University, Trois-Rivieres University, Quebec) Mircea LĂZĂRESCU (Honorary Member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, Timisoara) Juan E. MEZZICH (Professor of Psychiatry and Director, Division of Psychiatric Epidemiology and International Center PSYCHIATRY for Mental Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York) Teodor T. POSTOLACHE, MD (Director, Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore) Sorin RIGA (senior researcher, Obregia Hospital Bucharest) Dan RUJESCU (Head of Psychiatric Genomics and Neurobiology and of Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians- University, Munchen) Eliot SOREL (George Washington University, Washington DC) Maria GRIGOROIU-ȘERBĂNESCU (senior researcher) Tudor UDRIȘTOIU (UMF Craiova) ROMANIAN ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY WPA 2015 Bucharest International Congress 24 - 27 June • Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest Lectures WPA 2015 Bucharest International Congress 24 - 27 June • Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest Mental Health, Primary Care and the Challenge of Universal Health Coverage Michael Kidd Flinders University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Australia Objectives: Family doctors and the members of primary health care teams have the capacity to successfully diagnose and treat mental health disorders. Yet in many parts of the world only a small minority of people with mental health illnesses have access to effective treatment. Methods: This presentation will draw on the work that the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) have been engaged in around the world over recent years. Results: This work has highlighted the need for integration of mental health into primary care and family medicine, and on the need for a transdisciplinary approach to mental health prevention and care in the community. Conclusions: Participants will receive a global perspective on why integrating mental health into primary care is the most viable way to close the treatment gap and ensure that people in all communities get access to the mental health care they need. Bibliography: 1. Kidd MR (ed). The Contribution of Family Medicine to Improving Health Systems: a guidebook from the World Organization of Family Doctors (2nd Edition). Radcliffe, 2013. 2. World Health Organization and World Organization of Family Doctors. Integrating mental health into primary care: a global perspective. World Health Organization and World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA), 2008. Integrating Care: Mental Health as a Global Imperative Paul Summergrad Tufts University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA Objectives: Attendees will understand the global trends in the burden of disease and the role of general medical and psychiatric comorbidity as a contributor to this global burden. Models for medical psychiatric integration will also be reviewed, as well as the impact of stigma. Methods: Review of global epidemiology, burden of disease and trends in burden of disease, as well as impact of discrimination. Results: Mental disorders are ubiquitous and are among the great scourges of mankind. The stigma, fear and discrimination associated with these illnesses, and the limitations of our scientific understanding have historically kept mental health care separated from general medical services, despite clear evidence of the comorbidity of these disorders and the importance of an evidence based approach to care. Beginning in the 1930’s in the United States and elsewhere, psychiatric care and science have increasingly been integrated into general medical care systems, medical training and scientific discovery. Accompanying these efforts have been three related themes: efforts to reduce the stigma of psychiatric illness, equal care and insurance coverage under parity for mental disorders as all other medical disorders, and efforts to extend and improve mental health services in a rapidly globalizing and developing world. WPA 2015 Bucharest International Congress 24 - 27 June • Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest Conclusions: This talk will review the history of these developments, highlight the important data and models for integrating care and suggest a way forward to make these anti- discrimination, scientific and integrated care issues a more central part of the global agenda. Bibliography: Summergrad P., Kathol R., Integrated Care in Psychiatry: Redefining the role of mental health professionals in the medical setting. New York Springer 2014 Walk Your Body and Exercise Your Brain - a Primary Mental Health Promotion Strategy Linda Lam, Belinda Yu, Sing Lee The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Psychiatry, Hong Kong, China Objectives: Mental health problems are highly prevalent over the world. Epidemiological studies consistently reported that at least one sixth of the population suffers from diagnosable mental conditions. While development in psychopharmacology has helped to improve treatment outcomes for many distressing symptoms, non-drug interventions also play equally significant roles in the management of mental disorders. Physical exercise intervention is an important area for development. Methods: This talk will highlight epidemiologic and clinical research findings on the relationship between physical exercise and different mental conditions. Putative biophysiological and psychological mechanisms explaining the beneficial effects of different forms of exercise on mental functions will be explored from the perspective of psychological theories and in combination with peripheral and neuroimaging biomarkers. Results: Despite certain research gaps that provide exciting opportunities for future studies, emerging evidence indicates that physical exercise on the body will have substantial positive impact on mental function. Physical exercise improves psychological status through complex pathways that influence downstream neurotrophic factors, neural network activities, high level cognitive processes and self-efficacy. Conclusions: Regular physical exercise is an important means of improving mental health in the community. Although it may be challenging to identify an exercise pattern that fits the specific psychological status and lifestyle of individuals, the rationale for “walk your body” should encompass both physical health and mental health promotion. Bibliography: 1. Brown BM1, Bourgeat P1, Peiffer JJ1, AIBL Research Group. Influence of BDNF Val66Met on the relationship between physical activity and brain volume. Neurology. 2014 Oct 7;83(15):1345-52. 2. Cooney GM1, Dwan K, Greig CA, et al. Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Sep 12;9:CD004366. WPA 2015 Bucharest International Congress 24 - 27 June • Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest Traditional Healers in Kenya - Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: from Ideological Stand to Acceptance of Facts David M. Ndetei (1), V. Mutiso (2), C. Musyimi (2), A. Musau (2), H. Sang (2) (1) University of Nairobi, Department of Psychiatry, Nairobi, Kenya (2) Africa Mental Health Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya Objectives: To identify the role played by traditional healers in the treatment of mental illness, the methods they use to treat and manage mental illness in their patients and to train and evaluate their effectiveness in identifying and managing patients with mental disorders. Methods: A longitudinal and an experimental study were conducted independently. The cross-sectional study adapted Participatory Reflection and Action (PRA) techniques. Data was collected using unstructured key informant interviews, in-depth individualised semi structured interview schedule and focus group discussions. Data analysis was done to describe the different diagnoses of mental illnesses among persons who see traditional healers, identified symptoms of mental illnesses and procedures carried out by the healers to diagnose and treat disorders. The experimental study administered an intervention in the form of training in mental illness recognition and management with baseline, mid and end- term evaluations. Quantitative data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: There are two broad categories of traditional healers: herbalists and witchdoctors. Herbalists diagnose using a set of signs and symptoms and treat using herbs and psychotherapy. Witchdoctors use divination to make a diagnosis and address the cause- effect relationship of the diagnosis. Both commonly used counselling as a treatment method. Trained traditional healers successfully screened and referred 467 cases of mental illness. Conclusion: Traditional healers can, with the right training and supervision, screen for, refer and manage mental disorders. There is need for more research to determine how to regulate them and how to get them and the formal healthcare system to work together
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