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A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster

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A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster Edited by Dr. P. Kumaravel Professor and Head Dr. N. Vimal Rajkumar, Assistant Professor Dr. A.Yasotha, Assistant Professor Dr. M. Balagangatharathilagar, Assistant Professor Dr. S. Saraswathi, Associate Professor Dr. P. Athilakshmy, Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 600 007 2020 A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster The contents and views expressed in this handbook are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Tamil Nadu Veterinary Animal Scienc- es University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority (TNSDMA), World Animal Protection (WAP), and Policy Perspective Foundation (PPF) or the Govern- ment of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Madhavaram Milk Colony Chennai - 600 051, Tamil Nadu, India Phone: +91-44-25551586/ 87, 25554555/ 56 Fax: +91-44-25551576/ 85 http://www.tanuvas.ac.in Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority (TNSDMA) Commissionerate of Revenue Administration and Disaster Management Ezhilagam, Chepauk, Chennai – 600 005. Office - Ph: 044-28523299 Fax: 044-28546624 World Animal Protection 201A, D21, 2nd Floor, Corporate Park, Near Dwarka Sector 8 Metro Station, Dwarka Sector 21, New Delhi 110077 Tel: +91-11-65653934 Fax: +91-11-46539345 www.worldanimalprotection.org.in ii Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This handbook was financially supported by Tamil Nadu Disaster Risk Reduction Agency, Government of Tamil Nadu through the scheme on” An Appraisal of Multipurpose Evacuation Shelters and Animal Disaster Risk Reduction through Capacity Building of Probable Stakeholders for disaster resilient Animal Husbandry in Tamil Nadu” Thanks to Shri Gajender K Sharma, Country Director, Hansen Thambi Prem, Disaster Management Project Manager and Dr Akash Maheshwari, Disaster Veterinary Officer, World Animal Protection for sharing their experiences and being instrumental in preparing this handbook. Thanks to all the experts from the Veterinary Emergency Response Units of (VERU) South (TANUVAS, Chennai), North (COVAS, Palampur), East (CVSc, Guwahati), West (CVSAH, Anand) & Central (CVSAH, Jabalpur) Zones who provided their expertise and inputs for preparing this handbook. Thanks to the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for according permission to develop this handbook. Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS iii A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster CONTENTS Acronyms vi Quotes viii Overview of the Handbook 1 I. Preamble 2 II. State Profile of Tamil Nadu 12 III. About the Handbook Chapter 1: Concepts in Disaster Management 13 1.1. Disaster Management 13 1.2. Role of Government 20 Chapter 2: Feed & Water Supply 40 2.1. Thumb Rule for Feeding Animals 43 2.2. Feeding Strategies 43 Chapter 3: Veterinary Service 50 3.1. Infectious Diseases in Disasters 50 3.2. Disease Control & Biosecurity Measures 64 Chapter 4: Shelter & Settlements 67 4.1. Shelter Assessment & Planning 67 4.2. Animal Shelter Considerations 68 Chapter 5: Animal Handling 72 5.1. Prerequisites and Safety of Animal Handler 72 5.2. Seven Steps in Animal Handling 72 Chapter 6: Carcass Disposal 92 6.1. Strategy for Carcass Disposal 92 6.2. Carcass Disposal Methods 93 Chapter 7: Wildlife Rescue 103 7.1. Rescue & Translocation 103 7.2. Role of Veterinary Team 104 iv Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster Chapter 8: Community Preparedness 108 8.1. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 108 8.2. About LEGS 109 References 112 A. State Level 112 B. National Level 112 C. International Level 113 Annexes 115 Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS v A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster ACRONYMS AHD Animal Husbandry Department AI Artificial Insemination / Avian Influenza ARD Animal Resources Development AWBI Animal Welfare Board of India BASU Bihar Animal Sciences University BVC Bihar Veterinary College COVAS College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences CPDO Central Poultry Development Organization CPDO&TI Central Poultry Development Organization & Training Institute CPMF Central Para Military Force CVSc College of Veterinary Sciences CVSAH College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry CWC Central Water Commission DAH Department of Animal Husbandry DAHDF/DADF Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries DANA Disaster Assessment & Needs Analysis DART Disaster Assessment & Response Team DRR Disaster Risk Reduction EMDAT EMergency DATabase FPI Food Processing Industries GDP Gross Domestic Product GIS Geographic Information System GLIDEnumber GLobal IDEntifier Number IVRI Indian Veterinary Research Institute LEGS Livestock Emergency Guidelines & Standards MDGs Millennium Development Goals MEDEVAC MEDical EVACuation MHA Ministry of Home Affairs M&E Monitoring & Evaluation NADRES National Animal Disease Referral Expert System NDDB National Dairy Development Board NDMA National Disaster Management Authority vi Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster NDRF National Disaster Response Force NDRI National Dairy Research Institute NIDM National Institute of Disaster Management NPBBDD National Programme for Bovine Breeding & Dairy Development NSPAAD National Surveillance Programme for Aquatic Animals Diseases OIE World Organization for Animal Health PIR Post Intervention Report PPE Personal Protective Equipment PPF Policy Perspectives Foundation PRI Panchayati Raj Institution RKVY Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana RVC Remount & Veterinary Corps SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SDRF State Disaster Response Force TANUVAS Tamil Nadu Veterinary & Animal Sciences University TNDRRA Tamil Nadu Diaster Risk Reduction Agency TNSDMA Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change VERU Veterinary Emergency Response Unit WAHIS World Animal Health Information System WAP World Animal Protection Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS vii A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster QUOTES “In our society the animals occupy a special socio-cultural position, sometimes, far more important than their economic value. The animals are integral part of day to day life for more than 70% of Indian population. The value of output of milk alone is more than 3 lakh crores, which is higher than the value output of any other agricultural product. Livestock and Fisheries sectors have contributed not only to the food basket, nutrition security and draught animal power but also to enhancing sustainability of agriculture sector. Livestock and fisheries sectors also play a significant role in supplementing household income and in generating gainful employment in the rural sector, particularly among the landless, small and marginal farmers and women. There is also a strong need for improving the service delivery of the network of primary, secondary and tertiary veterinary care, by upgrading the processional skills and competence.” Shri Sharad Pawar Former Minister of Agriculture and FPI Government of India, New Delhi _________________________________________________________________________________________________ “In India, animals are at the heart of everything, be it family, culture and livelihood, animals are an intrinsic part of our lives. It’s ironical that animals were missing in the picture till now. In our economy, especially in rural areas, animals are extremely important. Hence, putting focus on animal rescue during disasters becomes crucial from economic viewpoint. Animals are the assets of the nation and it is our foremost duty to protect them. It gives me immense pleasure to know that the DAHDF has prepared its disaster management plan for protecting animals and preventing and mitigating loss of livestock resources during disasters.” Shri Radha Mohan Singh Former Honorable Minister of Agriculture Government of India, New Delhi _________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Many disasters offer little warning and strikes with sudden ferocity which devastates communities. Animals and people both experience the terrible effects of disasters: hunger and thirst, illness and injury. It is very important for the rescue teams to be prepared and equipped to evacuate and help both people and animals alike. In most of rural India, people rely heavily on livestock and other animals for food, transport and their livelihoods. Emergencies make the links between animals and people clearer than ever – the survival of one affects the immediate and long- term recovery of the other. To rebuild the lives after disaster - it is necessary to work together, using collective knowledge, skill and power to make the difference in the lives viii Department of Veterinary and AH Extension Education, MVC. TANUVAS A Handbook on Management of Animals in Disaster of people and their animals. I would urge all concerning government departments to take up the responsibility and create appropriate technical and financial provisions at the administrative levels to help protect animals in disasters. I would also recommend veterinary institutions to incorporate important aspects of this training module
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