Different Strategies for Using Topical Corticosteroids in People with Eczema (Protocol)
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Role of Corticosteroids in Treatment of Vitiligo
Chapter 9 Role of Corticosteroids in Treatment of Vitiligo Nooshin Bagherani Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48384 1. Introduction Vitiligo is the most frequent pigmentary disorder ( Bagherani et al., 2011; Nazer et al., 2011;Yaghoobi et al., 2011a; as cited in Wolff et al., 2007). It is an acquired, idiopathic and progressive skin disease (Bagherani et al., 2011; Shameer et al., 2005; Yaghoobi et al., 2011a), characterized by sharply demarcated depigmented lesions on any part of the body (Van Geel et al., 2004). This disease can also affect hair and mucosal areas such as mouth and genitalia (Gawkrodger et al., 2010). Vitiligo usually begins after birth (Gawkrodger et al., 2010). Regarding the studies retrieved from PubMed since 1995, it has been shown that approximately 50% of the vitiligo cases have its onset before the age of 20 years and 25% before the age of 14 years (Kakourou, 2009). The incidence rate of vitiligo is between 0.1-2% of the world population ( Bagherani et al., 20011; Yaghoobi et al., 2011a,b; as cited in Alkhateeb et al., 2003). Its incidence in those with racially pigmented skin is higher, although reliable figures are not available (Burns et al., 2004; Howitz et al., 1977) . The prevalence has been reported as high as 4% in some South Asian, Mexican and American populations ( Parsad et al., 2003; Sehgal & Srivastava, 2007; Szczurko & Boon, 2008). Both sexes are equally afflicted by vitiligo (Krϋger et al., 2011; Njoo & Westerhof, 2001; Wolf et al.,2007) . In some studies, a female preponderance has been reported ( Burns at al., 2004; Howitz et al. -
(CD-P-PH/PHO) Report Classification/Justifica
COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICINES AS REGARDS THEIR SUPPLY (CD-P-PH/PHO) Report classification/justification of medicines belonging to the ATC group D07A (Corticosteroids, Plain) Table of Contents Page INTRODUCTION 4 DISCLAIMER 6 GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THIS DOCUMENT 7 ACTIVE SUBSTANCES Methylprednisolone (ATC: D07AA01) 8 Hydrocortisone (ATC: D07AA02) 9 Prednisolone (ATC: D07AA03) 11 Clobetasone (ATC: D07AB01) 13 Hydrocortisone butyrate (ATC: D07AB02) 16 Flumetasone (ATC: D07AB03) 18 Fluocortin (ATC: D07AB04) 21 Fluperolone (ATC: D07AB05) 22 Fluorometholone (ATC: D07AB06) 23 Fluprednidene (ATC: D07AB07) 24 Desonide (ATC: D07AB08) 25 Triamcinolone (ATC: D07AB09) 27 Alclometasone (ATC: D07AB10) 29 Hydrocortisone buteprate (ATC: D07AB11) 31 Dexamethasone (ATC: D07AB19) 32 Clocortolone (ATC: D07AB21) 34 Combinations of Corticosteroids (ATC: D07AB30) 35 Betamethasone (ATC: D07AC01) 36 Fluclorolone (ATC: D07AC02) 39 Desoximetasone (ATC: D07AC03) 40 Fluocinolone Acetonide (ATC: D07AC04) 43 Fluocortolone (ATC: D07AC05) 46 2 Diflucortolone (ATC: D07AC06) 47 Fludroxycortide (ATC: D07AC07) 50 Fluocinonide (ATC: D07AC08) 51 Budesonide (ATC: D07AC09) 54 Diflorasone (ATC: D07AC10) 55 Amcinonide (ATC: D07AC11) 56 Halometasone (ATC: D07AC12) 57 Mometasone (ATC: D07AC13) 58 Methylprednisolone Aceponate (ATC: D07AC14) 62 Beclometasone (ATC: D07AC15) 65 Hydrocortisone Aceponate (ATC: D07AC16) 68 Fluticasone (ATC: D07AC17) 69 Prednicarbate (ATC: D07AC18) 73 Difluprednate (ATC: D07AC19) 76 Ulobetasol (ATC: D07AC21) 77 Clobetasol (ATC: D07AD01) 78 Halcinonide (ATC: D07AD02) 81 LIST OF AUTHORS 82 3 INTRODUCTION The availability of medicines with or without a medical prescription has implications on patient safety, accessibility of medicines to patients and responsible management of healthcare expenditure. The decision on prescription status and related supply conditions is a core competency of national health authorities. -
)&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
)&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE -
Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream USP, 0.025%, 0.1%, 0.5% for Dermatologic Use Only Not for Ophthalmic Use Rx Only
TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE- triamcinolone acetonide cream Padagis Israel Pharmaceuticals Ltd ---------- Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream USP, 0.025%, 0.1%, 0.5% For Dermatologic Use Only Not For Ophthalmic Use Rx Only DESCRIPTION The topical corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used as anti- inflammatory and anti-pruritic agents. Triamcinolone acetonide is designated chemically as pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione,9-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene) bis (oxy)]-,(11ß,16α)-. C24H31FO6, and M.W. of 434.51; CAS Reg. No. 76-25-5. Each gram of 0.025%, 0.1% and 0.5% Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream USP contains 0.25 mg, 1 mg, or 5 mg triamcinolone acetonide respectively, in a washable cream base of cetyl alcohol, cetyl esters wax, glycerin, glyceryl monostearate, isopropyl palmitate, polysorbate-60, propylene glycol, purified water, sorbic acid, and sorbitan monostearate. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Topical corticosteroids share anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic and vasoconstrictive actions. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of the topical corticosteroids is unclear. Various laboratory methods, including vasoconstrictor assays, are used to compare and predict potencies and/or clinical efficacies of the topical corticosteroids. There is some evidence to suggest that a recognizable correlation exists between vasoconstrictor potency and therapeutic efficacy in man. Pharmacokinetics - The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle, the integrity of the epidermal barrier, and the use of occlusive dressings. Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin increase percutaneous absorption. Occlusive dressings substantially increase the percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids. -
Summary of Product Characteristics
Health Products Regulatory Authority Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Audaval 0.1% Ointment 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One gram of ointment contains 1 mg of betamethasone (0.1% w/w) as valerate. For a full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Ointment Opaque ointment. 4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic Indications Audaval preparations are indicated for the treatment of: eczema in children over 1 year elderly and adults; including atopic and discoid eczemas; prurigo nodularis; psoriasis (excluding widespread plaque psoriasis); neurodermatoses, including lichen simplex, lichen planus; seborrhoeic dermatitis; contact sensitivity reactions; discoid lupus erythematosus and they may be used as an adjunct to systemic steroid therapy in generalised erythroderma. In general, ointment preparations are particularly appropriate for dry, lichenified or scaly skin conditions whereas a cream preparation may be more suitable in the case of moist or weeping lesions. 4.2 Posology and method of administration For topical use only. If no improvement is seen after two to four weeks, the diagnosis should be reconsidered and specialist referral may be necessary. Adults, adolescents and the elderly A small quantity of Audaval should be applied to the affected area one to three times daily as directed by physician until improvement occurs. It may then be possible to maintain improvement by applying once a day, or even less often, or by using the appropriate ready diluted (1 in 4) preparation, Audaval RD 0.025% Ointment. Allow adequate time for absorption after each application before applying an emollient. If no improvement is seen within two to four weeks, reassessment of the diagnosis, or referral, may be necessary. -
Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars Can Now Be Cured Completely: Recent Progress in Our Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars and the Most
―Review― Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars Can Now Be Cured Completely: Recent Progress in Our Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars and the Most Promising Current Therapeutic Strategy Rei Ogawa1, Satoshi Akaishi1, Shigehiko Kuribayashi2 and Tsuguhiro Miyashita2 1Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative disorders of the skin that are caused by abnormal healing of injured or irritated skin. It is possible that they are both manifestations of the same fibropro- liferative skin disorder and just differ in terms of the intensity and duration of inflammation. These fea- tures may in turn be influenced by genetic, systemic, and local risk factors. Genetic factors may include single nucleotide polymorphisms, while systemic factors may include hypertension, pregnancy, hor- mones, and cytokines. The most important local factor is tension on the scar. Over the past 10 years, our understanding of the pathogenesis of keloids and hypertrophic scars has improved markedly. As a result, these previously intractable scars are now regarded as being treatable. There are many therapeu- tic options, including surgery, radiation, corticosteroids, 5-fluorouracil, cryotherapy, laser therapy, anti- allergy agents, anti-inflammatory agents, bleaching creams and make-up therapies. However, at present, we believe that the following combination of three therapies most reliably achieves a complete cure: surgery, followed by radiation and the use of steroid tape/plaster. (J Nippon Med Sch 2016; 83: 46―53) Key words: keloid, hypertrophic scar, radiation, steroid, steroid tape Introduction that more superficial damage would not elicit keloids Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative dis- and hypertrophic scars. -
A New Robust Technique for Testing of Glucocorticosteroids in Dogs and Horses Terry E
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2007 A new robust technique for testing of glucocorticosteroids in dogs and horses Terry E. Webster Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology Commons Recommended Citation Webster, Terry E., "A new robust technique for testing of glucocorticosteroids in dogs and horses" (2007). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15029. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15029 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A new robust technique for testing of glucocorticosteroids in dogs and horses by Terry E. Webster A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Toxicology Program o f Study Committee: Walter G. Hyde, Major Professor Steve Ensley Thomas Isenhart Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2007 Copyright © Terry Edward Webster, 2007. All rights reserved UMI Number: 1446027 Copyright 2007 by Webster, Terry E. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 1446027 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ii DEDICATION I want to dedicate this project to my wife, Jackie, and my children, Shauna, Luke and Jake for their patience and understanding without which this project would not have been possible. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,264,917 B1 Klaveness Et Al
USOO6264,917B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,264,917 B1 Klaveness et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 24, 2001 (54) TARGETED ULTRASOUND CONTRAST 5,733,572 3/1998 Unger et al.. AGENTS 5,780,010 7/1998 Lanza et al. 5,846,517 12/1998 Unger .................................. 424/9.52 (75) Inventors: Jo Klaveness; Pál Rongved; Dagfinn 5,849,727 12/1998 Porter et al. ......................... 514/156 Lovhaug, all of Oslo (NO) 5,910,300 6/1999 Tournier et al. .................... 424/9.34 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Assignee: Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo (NO) 2 145 SOS 4/1994 (CA). (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 19 626 530 1/1998 (DE). patent is extended or adjusted under 35 O 727 225 8/1996 (EP). U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. WO91/15244 10/1991 (WO). WO 93/20802 10/1993 (WO). WO 94/07539 4/1994 (WO). (21) Appl. No.: 08/958,993 WO 94/28873 12/1994 (WO). WO 94/28874 12/1994 (WO). (22) Filed: Oct. 28, 1997 WO95/03356 2/1995 (WO). WO95/03357 2/1995 (WO). Related U.S. Application Data WO95/07072 3/1995 (WO). (60) Provisional application No. 60/049.264, filed on Jun. 7, WO95/15118 6/1995 (WO). 1997, provisional application No. 60/049,265, filed on Jun. WO 96/39149 12/1996 (WO). 7, 1997, and provisional application No. 60/049.268, filed WO 96/40277 12/1996 (WO). on Jun. 7, 1997. WO 96/40285 12/1996 (WO). (30) Foreign Application Priority Data WO 96/41647 12/1996 (WO). -
St John's Institute of Dermatology
St John’s Institute of Dermatology Topical steroids This leaflet explains more about topical steroids and how they are used to treat a variety of skin conditions. If you have any questions or concerns, please speak to a doctor or nurse caring for you. What are topical corticosteroids and how do they work? Topical corticosteroids are steroids that are applied onto the skin and are used to treat a variety of skin conditions. The type of steroid found in these medicines is similar to those produced naturally in the body and they work by reducing inflammation within the skin, making it less red and itchy. What are the different strengths of topical corticosteroids? Topical steroids come in a number of different strengths. It is therefore very important that you follow the advice of your doctor or specialist nurse and apply the correct strength of steroid to a given area of the body. The strengths of the most commonly prescribed topical steroids in the UK are listed in the table below. Table 1 - strengths of commonly prescribed topical steroids Strength Chemical name Common trade names Mild Hydrocortisone 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.5% Hydrocortisone Dioderm®, Efcortelan®, Mildison® Moderate Betamethasone valerate 0.025% Betnovate-RD® Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% Eumovate®, Clobavate® Fluocinolone acetonide 0.001% Synalar 1 in 4 dilution® Fluocortolone 0.25% Ultralanum Plain® Fludroxycortide 0.0125% Haelan® Tape Strong Betamethasone valerate 0.1% Betnovate® Diflucortolone valerate 0.1% Nerisone® Fluocinolone acetonide 0.025% Synalar® Fluticasone propionate 0.05% Cutivate® Hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1% Locoid® Mometasone furoate 0.1% Elocon® Very strong Clobetasol propionate 0.1% Dermovate®, Clarelux® Diflucortolone valerate 0.3% Nerisone Forte® 1 of 5 In adults, stronger steroids are generally used on the body and mild or moderate steroids are used on the face and skin folds (armpits, breast folds, groin and genitals). -
Clobetasol Propionate Lotion in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque-Type Psoriasis
THERAPEUTICS FOR THE CLINICIAN Clobetasol Propionate Lotion in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque-Type Psoriasis Jacques Decroix, MD; Henrik Pres, MD; Nicolaï Tsankov, MD; Michel Poncet, PhD; Stéphanie Arsonnaud Owing to its anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, soriasis is a lifelong condition, with onset vasoconstrictive, and immune-modulating prop- occurring at any time throughout life. It erties, clobetasol propionate is used to treat P affects men and women equally, and almost all psoriasis. This study was conducted to evaluate races in varying rates of frequency are affected. Pso- the efficacy, safety, and cosmetic acceptability riasis usually first appears between the ages of 15 of clobetasol propionate lotion compared with and 30 years and may occur anywhere on the body. its vehicle and with clobetasol propionate Psoriasis is an inherited condition; however, cream in the treatment of moderate to severe both genetic and environmental factors play an plaque-type psoriasis. important role in its onset and course. The condi- A total of 222 patients were treated. After tion has a considerable impact on quality of life, 4 weeks of treatment, clobetasol propionate with patients complaining about the messiness of lotion was more efficient than vehicle lotion and the topical agents used to treat the condition and of equivalent efficacy as clobetasol propionate the profound psychological impact of the treat- cream. Cosmetic acceptability was significantly ments and the condition.1-5 better with clobetasol propionate lotion than with Clobetasol propionate is known for its anti- clobetasol propionate cream. Clobetasol propi- inflammatory, antipruritic, vasoconstrictive, and onate lotion was efficient, safe, and well toler- immune-modulating properties and is currently ated and offers a significantly higher cosmetic used in the treatment of certain hyperproliferative advantage in the treatment of moderate to or inflammatory dermatoses, including psoriasis severe plaque-type psoriasis compared with and atopic dermatitis. -
Partial Agreement in the Social and Public Health Field
COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS (PARTIAL AGREEMENT IN THE SOCIAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH FIELD) RESOLUTION AP (88) 2 ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICINES WHICH ARE OBTAINABLE ONLY ON MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 22 September 1988 at the 419th meeting of the Ministers' Deputies, and superseding Resolution AP (82) 2) AND APPENDIX I Alphabetical list of medicines adopted by the Public Health Committee (Partial Agreement) updated to 1 July 1988 APPENDIX II Pharmaco-therapeutic classification of medicines appearing in the alphabetical list in Appendix I updated to 1 July 1988 RESOLUTION AP (88) 2 ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICINES WHICH ARE OBTAINABLE ONLY ON MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION (superseding Resolution AP (82) 2) (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 22 September 1988 at the 419th meeting of the Ministers' Deputies) The Representatives on the Committee of Ministers of Belgium, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, these states being parties to the Partial Agreement in the social and public health field, and the Representatives of Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Spain and Switzerland, states which have participated in the public health activities carried out within the above-mentioned Partial Agreement since 1 October 1974, 2 April 1968, 23 September 1969, 21 April 1988 and 5 May 1964, respectively, Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve greater unity between its members and that this -
WO 2014/195872 Al 11 December 2014 (11.12.2014) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/195872 Al 11 December 2014 (11.12.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (74) Agents: CHOTIA, Meenakshi et al; K&S Partners | Intel A 25/12 (2006.01) A61K 8/11 (2006.01) lectual Property Attorneys, 4121/B, 6th Cross, 19A Main, A 25/34 (2006.01) A61K 8/49 (2006.01) HAL II Stage (Extension), Bangalore 560038 (IN). A01N 37/06 (2006.01) A61Q 5/00 (2006.01) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A O 43/12 (2006.01) A61K 31/44 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO 43/40 (2006.01) A61Q 19/00 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A01N 57/12 (2006.01) A61K 9/00 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, AOm 59/16 (2006.01) A61K 31/496 (2006.01) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (21) International Application Number: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, PCT/IB20 14/06 1925 KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (22) International Filing Date: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, 3 June 2014 (03.06.2014) SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, (25) Filing Language: English TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.