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Power Assisted Hybrid Gear Shifting System in Automobiles

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Power Assisted Hybrid Gear Shifting System in Automobiles POWER ASSISTED HYBRID GEAR SHIFTING SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILES 1Shivaprasad .N, 2Dr. A. N. Hari Rao 1M Tech student, Department of ECE, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering Mysore, India 2Professor, Department of mechanical engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering Mysore, India Email:[email protected],[email protected] Abstract—The project provides solution for Key words—hybrid gear shifting gear shifting for the cars. The passenger cars mechanism, manual and automatic gear that now ply on the road have transmission shifting system, touch screen, either of manual or automatic type of gear changing. The manual type of transmission I. INTRODUCTION is preferred for the perfect performance An automobile is a vehicle which is capable of without a loss in power but a compromise propelling itself. Several attempts have been for comfort. In this type automatic system of made to design and construction of a practically power transmission there is easiness of gear operative automobile. Nowadays automobiles shifting. play an inconceivable role in the social, The main objective of this project is to create economic and industrial development of the a mechanism to reduce the inconvenience country. caused when changing gears in the car. The gear shifting here is by mere pressing of 1.1 Overview touch screen present on the dash board. The topic of interest is in the area of controller In this project the shifting of gear is done development for automatic transmissions with a automatically as well as manually. finite number of gearshifts which transmits the In automatic shifting system the gear will be gears automatically and manually with respect shifted in accordance with speed of the car. to speed. Gearshifts in automatic transmissions Speed of the car will be sensed and signal is involve a change in the power flow path transmitted to microcontroller which shifts through the transmission. Advantages of these gear to the desired speed, when the system is automatic transmissions include simplicity of switches to manual control mode shifting mechanical design and savings in transmission mechanism can be controlled manually. For weight and size, which are beneficial in terms this a dash board with touch buttons will be of fuel economy and production costs. This provided on steering of car. When input is enables gain in fuel economy while meeting given to system it senses and transmit signal drivability and performance goals, these to microcontroller which shifts gear to the savings become more significant.[1] desired speed. The designed automatic transmission is done in an auto-clutch featured bike which can be applied effectively and efficiently in a clutch featured bikes with suitable control techniques. ISSN(PRINT):2394-6202,(ONLINE):2394-6210,VOLUME-1,ISSUE-5,2015 17 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (IJAPME) The ultimate goal of our project is to transmit the gears without the human interference and to 1.4 Aim of the project attain efficient, safe and easy driving in cost The project provides solution for gear shifting effective way. Microcontroller is the heart of for the cars. The passenger cars that now ply on the system which handles all the sub devices the road have transmission either of manual or connected across it. automatic type of gear changing. The manual type of transmission is preferred for the perfect 1.2 Automation performance without a loss in power but a Automation is the use of control system to compromise for comfort. In this type automatic control a process replacing the human system of power transmission there is easiness operators. of gear shifting It is a step beyond mechanization, where human operators are provided with the physical 1.5 Objectives requirements of work. The objectives of the project are transmission Automation is now often applied primarily to of gears in automobile using automatic gear reduce the human effort thereby to attain shifting system and to create a mechanism desired operation. Another major shift in which reduces the inconvenience caused during automation is the increased emphasis on shifting of gears in the automobile. flexibility and convertibility in different process.[2] The gear shifting here is by mere One safety issue with automation is that it is pressing of touch screen provided on the often viewed as a way to minimize human error dash board. in the system, increasing the degree and the To achieve automatic and manual gear levels of automation also increase the sequence shifting system in automobile of error that accidently created in automated To utilize advanced technology in the systems. Different types of automation tools field of automobiles. that exist in today’s environment are II. RELATED WORKS Programmable logic controller, Microcontroller and more. Transmission system in an automobile helps to transmit mechanical power from the engine to 1.3 Embedded System give kinetic energy to the wheels. It is an All embedded system uses a microcontroller. interrelated system of gears, shafts, and other The software for the embedded system is called electrical gadgets that form a bridge to transfer firmware. The firmware will be written in power and energy from the engine to the assembly language or using higher level wheels languages life ‘C’ or ‘Embedded C’. The software will be simulated using micro code 2.1 Types of Transmission simulation for the target processor. Since they Manual transmission are supposed to perform only specific tasks, the Automatic transmission programs are stored in ROM. An embedded system is some combination of A. Manual Transmission computer hardware and software, either fixed in A manual transmission or sequential type is a capability or programmable, that is specifically type of transmission used on motorcycles and designed for a particular function. An cars, where gears are selected in order, and embedded system that is programmable is direct access to specific gears is not possible. provided with programming interfaces, and With traditional manual transmissions, the embedded system programming is a specialized driver can move from gear to gear, by moving occupation.[3] the shifter to the appropriate position. A clutch An Embedded system is a special-purpose must be disengaged before the new gear is computer system, which is completely selected, to disengage the running engine from encapsulated by the device controls. It has the transmission, thus stopping all torque specific requirements and performs pre-defined transfer. tasks, unlike a general purpose personal computer. B. Automatic Transmission ISSN(PRINT):2394-6202,(ONLINE):2394-6210,VOLUME-1,ISSUE-5,2015 18 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (IJAPME) An automatic transmission is one type of motor There are two parts automatic and manual vehicle transmission that can automatically transmission systems for gear shifting in change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing automobiles: the driver from having to shift gears manually A. Manual gear shifting system by touch screen and to achieve efficient driving.[4] B. Automatic gear shifting system The block diagram is as shown in the figure 2.2 types of gear livers Gear lever is a metal rod attached to the shift assembly in a manual transmission-equipped automobile and is used to change gear. In an automatic transmission-equipped vehicle, the same device is usually known as a gear selector.[5] gear sticks Dodge ram –gear stick Ditching shift levers-“rotary e-shift” design. Figure 1: Block Diagram of power assisted peddles hybrid gear transmission in automobiles Starter in gear stick The block diagram is as shown in the figure • Sensor will give the input to the system III. POWER ASSISTED HYBRID GEAR SHIFTING by sensing speed of vehicle. SYSTEM • Manually operator will give input to 3.1 Hardware Components used for basic system in the form of signal. model • Microcontrollers are used to control the 1. PIC16F877A microcontroller system automatically. It has relays, 2. touch timers and counters. Some types have 3. servo motor real time operation. It can be used for 4. Voltage controller board simple operations; it also a reliable and 5. variable resistors durable device. 6. 12v motor and rpm SENSOR • Microcontroller will receive the input 7. connecting rod /wires/wheel/reset from the sensor or from the touch switches screen and operates stepper motor. 8. battery 12 v • Motor moves the gear liver to desired position which is controlled by 3.2 Methodology and implementation programmed microcontroller. In the project there are two parts automatic and manual transmission systems for gear shifting Thus embedded system operates gear shifting in automobiles. Thus shifting of gear is done in automobiles.[7] automatically as well as manually. A. Manual gear shifting system by touch screen In automatic shifting system the gear will shifted in accordance with speed of the car. Speed of the car will be sensed and signal is transmitted to microcontroller which shifts gear to the desired speed, when the system is switches to manual control mode shifting mechanism can be controlled manually. For this a dash board with touch screen will be provided on steering of the car. When input is given to system it senses and transmit signal to microcontroller which shifts gear to the desired Figure 2: Block diagram of manual gears speed.[6] shifting system by touch screen ISSN(PRINT):2394-6202,(ONLINE):2394-6210,VOLUME-1,ISSUE-5,2015 19 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (IJAPME) The above figure shows the block diagram of Motor moves the gear liver to desired manual gear shifting system position which is controlled by programmed Touch screen gives the input to the microcontroller. microcontroller by applying clutch, without Thus by giving input from the sensor applying the clutch the touch screen will not provided in wheels of the automobile, gear provide input signal to the microcontroller.
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