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AUTOSAR and Sysml – a Natural Fit? Andreas Korff

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View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archive Ouverte en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication AUTOSAR and SysML – A Natural Fit? Andreas Korff To cite this version: Andreas Korff. AUTOSAR and SysML – A Natural Fit?. Conference ERTS’06, Jan 2006, Toulouse, France. hal-02270421 HAL Id: hal-02270421 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02270421 Submitted on 25 Aug 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AUTOSAR and SysML – A Natural Fit? Andreas Korff1 1: ARTiSAN Software Tools GmbH, Eupener Str. 135-137, D-50933 Köln, [email protected] Abstract: This paper should give some ideas on how the UML 2 and the SysML can help defining the 2. AUTOSAR different AUTOSAR artifacts and later applying the specified AUTOSAR part to real implementations. 2.1 The AUTOSAR Initiative The AUTOSAR definitions are currently being In July 2003 the AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open defined on top of the UML 2.0. In parallel, the OMG System ARchitecture) partnership was formally started in 2003 a Request for Proposal to define a launched by its core partners: BMW Group, Bosch, UML-based visual modeling language for Systems Continental, DaimlerChrysler, Siemens VDO and Engineering. This SysML is also an addition to the Volkswagen. Afterwards Ford Motor Company, UML 2.0, so comparing the aims and ideas from General Motors, PSA Peugeot Citroën and Toyota AUTOSAR and from SysML is an obvious idea. This Motor Company become core partners as well. paper will show that using the AUTOSAR concepts Since inception, many other OEMs and automotive for automotive modeling and adding SysML suppliers have joined AUTOSAR as premium concepts will lead to complete picture of the members. Core and premium members assign automotive domain. resources to the different working groups within AUTOSAR. Associate members are allowed to view Keywords: AUTOSAR, SysML, Model-based finalized documents in advance to the public. Development, Domain-specific Modeling, Visual Development members can be nominated to participate in the AUTOSAR working groups. Modeling, UML 2.2 Objectives The AUTOSAR initiative will define standards, on which the implementation of future automotive 1. Current Situation applications will be based. By following these standards, it will be possible to manage the growing All current functional implementation solutions for E/E complexity of the development of automotive automotive electrical and electronic development are functionality. This will also result in greater flexibility proprietary. It is therefore quite difficult to exchange for product maintenance, enhancements and functions and applications between automotive updates. The solutions based on the AUTOSAR OEMs and suppliers. If this type of development approach will be scalable in and across product process structure continues, the foreseeable future lines. In addition, the exchange of functions between growth in functional complexity will result in the need OEMs and suppliers will be possible. All domain to invest increasingly more manpower while areas in automotive will be addressed: Powertrain, sacrificing complete control of the development Chassis, Safety, Multimedia/Telematics, process. Body/Comfort and Human Machine Interface. The automotive customer will therefore get cars of higher Modern cars have reached an exceptionally high quality with more reliable electronic components. level of functional complexity. Driven by new legal safety and environmental regulations, in addition to Three main topics have been defined: customer feature demands, automotive functionality • A basic software core requires ever more complex software and electronic components, which must be very closely coupled in • Standardized functional interfaces and a network structure to perform completely and • Methods for software integration. correctly. 3. Technical Concept of AUTOSAR ERTS 2006 – 25-27 January 2006 – Toulouse Page 1/7 Structure Diagram. Above the ECU-Hardware, the Basic Software provides services to the AUTOSAR Software Components. Inside the Basic Software, there are four different elements: • The Services including RTOS services. Since the definition of an RTOS is not considered as a goal for AUTOSAR, existing RTOSes will be taken into account here. The basic Services also include communication functions for all relevant vehicle buses like FlexRay, CAN, MOST or LIN. • The Microcontroller abstraction which interfaces to the • ECU abstraction and • Complex Device Drivers, which allows direct access to Microcontroller-specific hardware, so complex sensors or actuators with specific functional and non-functional requirements can be implemented. The overall design concept in AUTOSAR is the separation of application and infrastructure. An application is formed by the connection of different Figure 1: The AUTOSAR Approach AUTOSAR software components. An example is given in figure 3. AUTOSAR will define a common software AutomaticLightControl ComingHomeLea- «ClientServerInterface» LightMaster Interface Interface vingHome infrastructure based on standardized interfaces. This if_light_request rain_li- : rain_light_condition driver_- driver_door «use» will include a standardization of different API’s, ght co- doorIF Interface passen- passenger_door resulting in the separability of the AUTOSAR ger do- software layers. An encapsulation of functional light_request «Interface» outside_brightness software components will be defined as well as the outside_brightness if_outside_brightn- «implement» ess data types of the software components. In order to allow these software components to work, the Figure 3: Example application, consisting of software infrastructure including basic software connected software components modules will be identified and specified. These basic software modules will have standardized interfaces. Partitioning and defining the best resource usage will As seen in the example, the AUTOSAR software therefore be possible, while still allowing local component is the most important structural element. optimisation to meet specific non-functional Similar to the UML 2 components, the AUTOSAR constraints. software components contain – here unique- ports to interact with their outside world. Also in AUTOSAR required and provided interfaces are defined. These are connected to the ports, which are either PPort when their interface provides data or services, or RPort when a interface is required. AUTOSAR goes beyond UML 2 to define interfaces as either “Sender-Receiver” or “Client-Server”. A Sender- Receiver-Interface provides or requires data, whereas a Client-Server-Interface defines services. UML 2 stereotypes together with appropriate constraints are a promising way to support this. An example of a Client-Server connection is shown in Figure 4. Figure 2: The ECU Architecture The AUTOSAR software architecture consists of a layered design: Figure 1 shows this as a UML ERTS 2006 – 25-27 January 2006 – Toulouse Page 2/7 «AUTOSAR Software Component» provides to other components. In addition, the client1 infrastructure requirements, the hardware resources «ClientServerInterface» Service_requested needed, and specific implementation details to be followed, are specified in the software component «AUTOSAR Software Component» server description. «ClientServerInterface» If an AUTOSAR software component is Service_provided «AUTOSAR Software Component» implemented, this implementation is independent client2 from the specific ECU (or the Microcontroller «ClientServerInterface» architecture within the ECU) to which the component Service_requested is mapped. Even the software components that are needed to get the necessary data or functionality Figure 4: Client-Server communication don’t have to reside on the same ECU. Additionally it is possible to have multiple instances of the same The AUTOSAR sender-receiver communication software components running. always exchanges data asynchronously and in a There are specific AUTOSAR software components non-blocking manner. New symbols can and should for sensors or actuators. These generally run on the be used to quickly communicate this to those who ECU that the sensor or actuator is physically read the diagrams. This is shown in figure 5. Note: connected to, and encapsulate the physical nature of Since the interface symbols “ball” and “socket” the sensor output or actuator input. The technical currently couldn’t be replaced graphically, the details of the ECU and its Microcontroller(s) are synonym Interface dependencies defined within the hidden as usual - the Sensor/Actuator software UML have been used here. component depends on the sensor or actuator for «AUTOSAR Software Component» Class rece receiver1 which it is designed. «use» «AUTOSAR Software Component» sender «Interface» send_information «implement» «AUTOSAR Software Component» Class rece receiver2 «use» Figure 5: Sender-Receiver communication The size of an AUTOSAR software component is not defined. However, a software component is atomic, as such
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