Religion Architecture Geography Bamieh, Persian Doughnuts

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Religion Architecture Geography Bamieh, Persian Doughnuts Geography Religion Iran is in the continent of Asia. It is part of the About 90% of Iranian people are Muslim. The state Middle East region. It shares borders with religion is Shia Islam. It has been the state religion Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Pakistan, since the 16th century. Find out more about the Turkey, and Turkmenistan. Before 1935, Iran was Islamic faith here. known as Persia. Persia was one of the greatest Also, click on the picture for more information empires in ancient history. including a quiz. Tehran is the capital and biggest city. Iran is the eighteenth largest country in the world. It has more than 84.9 million people. It has varied areas including vast deserts, salt pans, and rainforests and is one of the world’s most mountainous countries. Find out more. Language Iran is a linguistically diverse country. Persian (Farsi) is the language of the majority and the official language. Other than Persian, the languages of Iran include Azeri, Kurdish and Arabic. Click on the pictures to learn Farsi words, (numbers, fruit, shapes and colours) Architecture Bamieh, Persian Doughnuts These are doughnuts but shaped like churros from Spanish and Portuguese culture. Using floral flavours of rose water and saffron, they are known as ‘Bamieh’. Try making them at home. There are many beautiful and famous buildings. Some are ancient and others are modern. Many have intricate and delicate patterns. Click on the image to explore ten, beautiful buildings in Iran. Can you think of ten famous buildings in England or another country? Do you have a favourite? Find out more… • What currency (money) is used in Iran? Islamic Art • Find out about the Azadi Tower. When was it built? Why? How Enjoy creating a geometric garland using the many bricks were used? printable template. The design is inspired by • Who is Ferdowsi? What is he famous for? the designs found in buildings. There are no limits to what you can discover! .
Recommended publications
  • Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics 1 Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics
    Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics 1 Songül Gündoğdu, Ergin Öpengin, Geofrey Haig, Erik Anonby (eds.) Current issues in Kurdish linguistics Current issues in Kurdish linguistics 1 Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Series Editor: Geofrey Haig Editorial board: Erik Anonby, Ergin Öpengin, Ludwig Paul Volume 1 2019 Current issues in Kurdish linguistics Songül Gündoğdu, Ergin Öpengin, Geofrey Haig, Erik Anonby (eds.) 2019 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deut schen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Informationen sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de/ abrufbar. Diese Veröff entlichung wurde im Rahmen des Elite-Maststudiengangs „Kul- turwissenschaften des Vorderen Orients“ durch das Elitenetzwerk Bayern ge- fördert, einer Initiative des Bayerischen Staatsministeriums für Wissenschaft und Kunst. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröff entlichung liegt bei den Auto- rinnen und Autoren. Dieses Werk ist als freie Onlineversion über das Forschungsinformations- system (FIS; https://fi s.uni-bamberg.de) der Universität Bamberg erreichbar. Das Werk – ausgenommen Cover, Zitate und Abbildungen – steht unter der CC-Lizenz CC-BY. Lizenzvertrag: Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Herstellung und Druck: Digital Print Group, Nürnberg Umschlaggestaltung: University of Bamberg Press © University of Bamberg Press, Bamberg 2019 http://www.uni-bamberg.de/ubp/ ISSN: 2698-6612 ISBN: 978-3-86309-686-1 (Druckausgabe) eISBN: 978-3-86309-687-8 (Online-Ausgabe) URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:473-opus4-558751 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irbo-55875 Acknowledgements This volume contains a selection of contributions originally presented at the Third International Conference on Kurdish Linguistics (ICKL3), University of Ams- terdam, in August 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 1
    Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 1 Full title: A perceptual dialectological approach to linguistic variation and spatial analysis of Kurdish varieties Main Author: Eva Eppler, PhD, RCSLT, Mag. Phil Reader/Associate Professor in Linguistics Department of Media, Culture and Language University of Roehampton | London | SW15 5SL [email protected] | www.roehampton.ac.uk Tel: +44 (0) 20 8392 3791 Co-author: Josef Benedikt, PhD, Mag.rer.nat. Independent Scholar, Senior GIS Researcher GeoLogic Dr. Benedikt Roegergasse 11/18 1090 Vienna, Austria [email protected] | www.geologic.at Short Title: Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 2 Abstract: This paper presents results of a first investigation into Kurdish linguistic varieties and their spatial distribution. Kurdish dialects are used across five nation states in the Middle East and only one, Sorani, has official status in one of them. The study employs the ‘draw-a-map task’ established in Perceptual Dialectology; the analysis is supported by Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The results show that, despite the geolinguistic and geopolitical situation, Kurdish respondents have good knowledge of the main varieties of their language (Kurmanji, Sorani and the related variety Zazaki) and where to localize them. Awareness of the more diverse Southern Kurdish varieties is less definitive. This indicates that the Kurdish language plays a role in identity formation, but also that smaller isolated varieties are not only endangered in terms of speakers, but also in terms of their representations in Kurds’ mental maps of the linguistic landscape they live in. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by a Santander and by Ede & Ravenscroft Research grant 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • The History and Characteristics of Traditional Sports in Central Asia : Tajikistan
    The History and Characteristics of Traditional Sports in Central Asia : Tajikistan 著者 Ubaidulloev Zubaidullo journal or The bulletin of Faculty of Health and Sport publication title Sciences volume 38 page range 43-58 year 2015-03 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00126173 筑波大学体育系紀要 Bull. Facul. Health & Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba 38 43-58, 2015 43 The History and Characteristics of Traditional Sports in Central Asia: Tajikistan Zubaidullo UBAIDULLOEV * Abstract Tajik people have a rich and old traditions of sports. The traditional sports and games of Tajik people, which from ancient times survived till our modern times, are: archery, jogging, jumping, wrestling, horse race, chavgon (equestrian polo), buzkashi, chess, nard (backgammon), etc. The article begins with an introduction observing the Tajik people, their history, origin and hardships to keep their culture, due to several foreign invasions. The article consists of sections Running, Jumping, Lance Throwing, Archery, Wrestling, Buzkashi, Chavgon, Chess, Nard (Backgammon) and Conclusion. In each section, the author tries to analyze the origin, history and characteristics of each game refering to ancient and old Persian literature. Traditional sports of Tajik people contribute as the symbol and identity of Persian culture at one hand, and at another, as the combination and synthesis of the Persian and Central Asian cultures. Central Asia has a rich history of the traditional sports and games, and significantly contributed to the sports world as the birthplace of many modern sports and games, such as polo, wrestling, chess etc. Unfortunately, this theme has not been yet studied academically and internationally in modern times. Few sources and materials are available in Russian, English and Central Asian languages, including Tajiki.
    [Show full text]
  • Secret Languages of Afghanistan and Their Speakers
    Secret Languages of Afghanistan and Their Speakers Secret Languages of Afghanistan and Their Speakers By Jadwiga Pstrusińska Translated into English by Agata Lenard Edited by Agata Lenard and Ben Young Secret Languages of Afghanistan and Their Speakers By Jadwiga Pstrusińska This book first published 2013 First shorter version published in Polish as O tajnych językach Afganistanu i ich użytkownikach by the Księgarnia Akademicka academic publishing house, Krakow 2004. Published with the financial support of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Warsaw. Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2013 by Jadwiga Pstrusińska Cover design by Wiktor Dyndo. Front cover image: a key to an Afghan lock (author’s private collection). All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-4970-7, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-4970-8 To the memory of Bozay Some questions may remain in limbo for many years before the necessary evidence can be gathered. Some questions may never be answered because the necessary evidence cannot be obtained. But even the discovery that the evidence is not available is a contribution, if only because it allows scientists to move on to new questions. Steve Olson (2003: 167) TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................... ix Introduction ...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DEPARTMENT of PERSIAN UNIVERSITY of LUCKNOW LUCKNOW-226007 Structure of M.A. in Persian Under Choice Based Credit System Syllabu
    DEPARTMENT OF PERSIAN UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW LUCKNOW-226007 Structure of M.A. in Persian Under Choice Based Credit System Syllabus applicable for the students seeking admission to the M.A. in Persian Program of Study w.e.f. academic year 2020-2021 subject to approval from Academic Council PROGRAMME OUTCOME The Department of Persian, University of Lucknow, has a distinct vision for Masters Degree program offered by it in Persian language and literature. The Department believes in imparting to the learners a training that would enable them to become responsible, perceptive and functional citizens who would contribute to the well-being of the society and the nation. Persian language and literature has one of the richest collections of the works produced on humanism and Sufism etc. So, along with academic excellence, present course is thus designed to inculcate a student with the sense of human values for the benefit of the society and the nation. The objective of promoting humanism through Persian literature can only be achieved through an intensive approach to literature. The curriculum focuses on the lingual as well as moral and ethical aspects of Persian literature that would help an individual to cope up with the challenges of the contemporary world. One of the prime objectives of the course is to introduce the learner about the universality of Persian literature in dealing with global issues like degradation of human values and challenges of materialism etc. There is a close relation between literature and language, hence the course primarily stresses on the comprehensive aspect of literature. Therefore, utmost care has been taken in choosing the prescribed text which has both lingual and didactic features.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Shift in the Central Iranian Plateau
    Journal of Persianate Studies 2 (2009) 62-87 brill.nl/jps Median Succumbs to Persian after Th ree Millennia of Coexistence: Language Shift in the Central Iranian Plateau Habib Borjian Abstract Th e so-called Central Plateau Dialects or simply Central Dialects belong to the South Median group of Northwest Iranian languages and are spoken in central Iran, where the prevailing lan- guage is Persian. Currently, vestiges of these dialects are limited to several dozen remote villages as well as to the older generation of the Jewish and Zoroastrian communities living in the cities and in diaspora. Th e dominant infl uence of Persian for more than a millennium has resulted in the ousting of the vernaculars not only in major towns but also in a majority of villages. His- torical evidence suggests that Central Dialects were native to the entire central Iranian Plateau, larger towns included, until the late medieval period. Th e big shift may have taken place during and after the Safavid dynastic rule, perhaps as a result of forceful propagation of Shiʿism, among other economic and socio-political vicissitudes of those days. Concrete evidence becomes avail- able only in the later nineteenth century when European travelers and local geographers began to report on the language situation of the area. Th ese documents enable us to speculate on the patterns and rates of language shift in various regions speaking Central Dialects. Th is trend has been accelerating parallel with the enormous socio-economic changes in the last half century. In many villages the local dialect is moribund and becoming increasingly limited to the elders, and the extinction will be the inevitable result of the forces of modernization and globalization in general and the rapid expansion of Persian education and mass media in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Information-Theoretic Causal Inference of Lexical Flow
    Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow Johannes Dellert language Language Variation 4 science press Language Variation Editors: John Nerbonne, Martijn Wieling In this series: 1. Côté, Marie-Hélène, Remco Knooihuizen and John Nerbonne (eds.). The future of dialects. 2. Schäfer, Lea. Sprachliche Imitation: Jiddisch in der deutschsprachigen Literatur (18.–20. Jahrhundert). 3. Juskan, Martin. Sound change, priming, salience: Producing and perceiving variation in Liverpool English. 4. Dellert, Johannes. Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow. ISSN: 2366-7818 Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow Johannes Dellert language science press Dellert, Johannes. 2019. Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow (Language Variation 4). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/233 © 2019, Johannes Dellert Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-96110-143-6 (Digital) 978-3-96110-144-3 (Hardcover) ISSN: 2366-7818 DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3247415 Source code available from www.github.com/langsci/233 Collaborative reading: paperhive.org/documents/remote?type=langsci&id=233 Cover and concept of design: Ulrike Harbort Typesetting: Johannes Dellert Proofreading: Amir Ghorbanpour, Aniefon Daniel, Barend Beekhuizen, David Lukeš, Gereon Kaiping, Jeroen van de Weijer, Fonts: Linux Libertine, Libertinus Math, Arimo, DejaVu Sans Mono Typesetting software:Ǝ X LATEX Language Science Press Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin, Germany langsci-press.org Storage and cataloguing done by FU Berlin Contents Preface vii Acknowledgments xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Foundations: Historical linguistics 7 2.1 Language relationship and family trees .............
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of the World 2Nd Edition Frontmatter More Information
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17114-5 — Languages of the World 2nd Edition Frontmatter More Information Languages of the World An Introduction What do all human languages have in common and in what ways are they differ- ent? How can language be used to trace different peoples and their past? Assum- ing no prior knowledge of linguistics, the new edition of this engaging textbook introduces readers to the rich diversity of human languages, familiarizing students with the variety and typology of languages around the world. Linguistic terms and concepts are explained, in the text and in the glossary, and illustrated with simple, accessible examples. Numerous language family charts enable students to place a language genealogically. Updated and revised throughout, the second edition includes two new chapters and new pedagogical features, such as “Advanced” sections, textboxes and “Did you know?” boxes. Important websites are integrat- ed into the text, and each chapter includes a “Do it yourself” section, comprising assignments, questions and problem sets. Supplementary online resources include illustrations, key-term fl ashcards and useful links. This introduction is an essential resource for undergraduate courses on language typology, historical linguistics and general linguistics. ASYA PERELTSVAIG is an independent scholar and was most recently a lecturer in the Department of Linguistics at Stanford University, California. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17114-5
    [Show full text]
  • Languages World
    LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD An Introduction ASYA PERELTSVAIG gg Cambridge UNIVERSITY PRESS Text Boxes psge x List of Tables xi List of Figures xiii "Focus on" Topics xiv Preface to the Second Edition xv Acknowledgements xvii Abbreviations Used in the Glosses xviii 1 Introduction l 1.1 Languages, Dialects and Accents 4 1.2 Language Families 9 1.3 Linguistic Diversity 12 1.4 Focus on: How Do Languages Diversify? 13 2 Languages of Europe 20 2.1 Indo-European Languages 21 2.2 Discovery of the Indo-European Family and Comparative Reconstruction 25 2.3 The Indo-European Controversy 35 2.4 Non-Indo-European Languages of Europe 42 2.4.1 Basque 43 2.5 Focus on: Endangered Languages of Europe 47 3 Languages of Iran and South Asia 57 3.1 Indo-European Languages of Iran and South Asia 58 3.1.1 Iranian Languages 60 3.1.2 Indo-Aryan Languages 62 3.2 Dravidian Languages 67 3.3 Other Languages of South Asia 70 3.4 Focus on: Universals and the Parametric Theory of Language 73 4 Languages of Northern Eurasia 85 4.1 Finno-Ugric Languages 87 4.2 Other Uralic Languages 96 4.3 Other Languages of Siberia 99 4.4 Russian-Based Pidgins in Siberia 107 4.5 Focus on: Evidential Markers in Yukaghir Languages 112 5 Languages of the Caucasus 120 5.1 Northwest Caucasian Languages 124 5.2 Northeast Caucasian Languages 129 5.3 Kartvelian Languages 136 5.4 Indo-European Languages in the Caucasus 140 5.5 Focus on: Field Linguistics 144 6 Languages of the Greater Middle East 152 6.1 Turkic Languages 153 6.2 Afroasiatic Languages 159 6.2.1 Semitic Languages 163 6.3 Focus on: Language
    [Show full text]
  • Information-Theoretic Causal Inference of Lexical Flow
    Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow Johannes Dellert language Language Variation 4 science press Language Variation Editors: John Nerbonne, Martijn Wieling In this series: 1. Côté, Marie-Hélène, Remco Knooihuizen and John Nerbonne (eds.). The future of dialects. 2. Schäfer, Lea. Sprachliche Imitation: Jiddisch in der deutschsprachigen Literatur (18.–20. Jahrhundert). 3. Juskan, Martin. Sound change, priming, salience: Producing and perceiving variation in Liverpool English. 4. Dellert, Johannes. Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow. ISSN: 2366-7818 Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow Johannes Dellert language science press Dellert, Johannes. 2019. Information-theoretic causal inference of lexical flow (Language Variation 4). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/233 © 2019, Johannes Dellert Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-96110-143-6 (Digital) 978-3-96110-144-3 (Hardcover) ISSN: 2366-7818 DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3247415 Source code available from www.github.com/langsci/233 Collaborative reading: paperhive.org/documents/remote?type=langsci&id=233 Cover and concept of design: Ulrike Harbort Typesetting: Johannes Dellert Proofreading: Amir Ghorbanpour, Aniefon Daniel, Barend Beekhuizen, David Lukeš, Gereon Kaiping, Jeroen van de Weijer, Fonts: Linux Libertine, Libertinus Math, Arimo, DejaVu Sans Mono Typesetting software:Ǝ X LATEX Language Science Press Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin, Germany langsci-press.org Storage and cataloguing done by FU Berlin Contents Preface vii Acknowledgments xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Foundations: Historical linguistics 7 2.1 Language relationship and family trees .............
    [Show full text]
  • Mahmoud Khayami Elected Honorary Chair Ascicles of Olume F 1 & 2 V Xiii of the Eir
    CENTER FOR IRANIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol. 17, No. 2 SIPA-Columbia University-New York Fall 2005 ENCYCLOPAEDIA IRANICA MAHMOUD KHAYAMI ELECTED HONORARY CHAIR ASCICLES OF OLUME F 1 & 2 V XIII OF THE EIR. BOARD PUBLISHED, FASCICLE 3 IN PRESS The first and second fascicles the West and Iranian Identity. A of Volume XIII of the Encyclopæ- review of these entries will be dia Iranica were published in the presented in the Spring 2006 issue Winter and Spring of 2005, and of the Newsletter. fascicle 3 is in press. The first two fascicles feature over 65 articles INDO-IRANIAN RELATIONS on various aspects of Persian culture and history, including four series of Indo-Iranian relations occupy most articles on specific subjects: 25 entries of the first fascicle of Volume XIII. It on Indo-Iranian relations, three entries would have taken much more space to on Investitures in pre-Islamic Iran, two fully cover, under this one heading, all entries on Inheritance in the Sasanian the areas in which Iranians and Indians and Islamic periods, and two entries have interacted in all periods of their on the Institute of Iranian Philology history. To begin with, there is the in Denmark. Fascicle 2 also features shared origin of the two language fami- Mahmoud Khayami, who has the beginning of a series of 12 major lies, the Iranian and the Indo-Aryan. supported the Encyclopaedia Iranica entries, under the general rubric of The earliest monuments of these fami- project since 1990 and served with IRAN, highlighting the overall aspects lies, the Avesta of northeast Iran and the great dedication as Chairman of the of Iranian history and culture.
    [Show full text]
  • And 'Ethnicity'
    ABSTRACT MELLAT AND QOWM: A POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ‘NATION’ AND ‘ETHNICITY’ IN IRAN by Sanan Moradi This thesis examines the Iranian state’s policies towards its ethnic minority regions. The thesis attempts to explain how categories of ‘nation’ and ‘ethnicity’ are constructed as ‘mellat’ and ‘qowm’ through dominant political discourses. Afterwards, the thesis demonstrates how such categories have influenced state’s policies of economic development. The thesis argues that the state has long avoided developing ethnic minority regions, due to perceiving such regions as “unsafe”. Over decades, aversion in developing ethnic minority peripheral provinces, and prioritizing Persian-Shiite majority central parts of the country, has created an internal core- periphery pattern of economic (under)development. Finally, the thesis speculates, this pattern of economic development has influenced interprovincial migration patterns, in a way that populations migrate from underdeveloped ethnic minority periphery to developed Persian-Shiite majority core. Such migration patterns could pave the way for population mixing, and possibly cultural assimilation. MELLAT AND QOWM A POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ‘NATION’ AND ‘ETHNICITY’ IN IRAN A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University In partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Geography by Sanan Moradi Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2014 Advisor________________________ (Dr. Carl Dahlman) Reader_________________________ (Dr. Stanley Toops) Reader_________________________ (Dr. Neringa Klumbyte) Table of Contents List of Tables iv List of Maps v Acknowledgements vi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Summary of Chapters 2 Chapter 2: Study Area 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 From Empire to State; a Brief History of Iran 4 2.2.1Safavid 4 2.2.2 Qajar 4 2.2.3 Pahlavi 5 2.2.4 The Islamic Republic 6 2.3 Physical Terrain 7 2.4 Ethnic Minorities of Iran; an Overview 8 2.4.1 Azeri 10 2.4.2 Kurd 12 2.4.3 Arab 15 2.4.4 Baluch 16 2.5 Conclusion 18 Chapter 3: Conceptual Framework 19 3.1.
    [Show full text]