2018 Spring VAS Newsletter
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For Creative Minds
For Creative Minds The For Creative Minds educational section may be photocopied or printed from our website by the owner of this book for educational, non-commercial uses. Cross-curricular teaching activities, interactive quizzes, and more are available online. Go to www.ArbordalePublishing.com and click on the book’s cover to explore all the links. Moon Observations The months as we know them (January, February, etc.) are solar, based on how many days it takes the earth to revolve around the sun, roughly divided by twelve. A moon-th, or lunar (moon) month, is based on how long it takes the moon to orbit around the earth. The phases (shapes) of the moon change according to its cycle as it rotates around the earth, and the position of the moon with respect to the rising or setting sun. This cycle lasts about 29 ½ days. A (moon) month starts on “day one” with a new moon. The sun and the moon are in the same position and rise and set together. We can’t see the new moon. New Moon The moon rises and sets roughly 50 minutes later each day. The moon appears to “grow” or it waxes each day from a new moon to a full moon. The waxing moon’s bright side points at the setting Waxing sun and can be seen in the late afternoon on a clear day. Crescent A crescent moon is between new and half (less than half full), and may be waxing or waning. First Quarter The half-moon waxing or first quarter moon occurs about a week after the new moon. -
Filter Performance Comparisons for Some Common Nebulae
Filter Performance Comparisons For Some Common Nebulae By Dave Knisely Light Pollution and various “nebula” filters have been around since the late 1970’s, and amateurs have been using them ever since to bring out detail (and even some objects) which were difficult to impossible to see before in modest apertures. When I started using them in the early 1980’s, specific information about which filter might work on a given object (or even whether certain filters were useful at all) was often hard to come by. Even those accounts that were available often had incomplete or inaccurate information. Getting some observational experience with the Lumicon line of filters helped, but there were still some unanswered questions. I wondered how the various filters would rank on- average against each other for a large number of objects, and whether there was a “best overall” filter. In particular, I also wondered if the much-maligned H-Beta filter was useful on more objects than the two or three targets most often mentioned in publications. In the summer of 1999, I decided to begin some more comprehensive observations to try and answer these questions and determine how to best use these filters overall. I formulated a basic survey covering a moderate number of emission and planetary nebulae to obtain some statistics on filter performance to try to address the following questions: 1. How do the various filter types compare as to what (on average) they show on a given nebula? 2. Is there one overall “best” nebula filter which will work on the largest number of objects? 3. -
2015-AAAP-Photo-Contest
2015 Kevin J. Brunelle Astrophotography Contest 15 photographers 91 images Atmospheric 10 photographers 20 images Matt Dieterich - Lenticular Clouds over Mt. Rainier Laura Quinn - Lightning Matt Dieterich - Rainier Sunset Laura Quinn - Pittsburgh Clouds Mike Christeson - Angelic Cloud Diane Yorkshire - Mountain Rainbow - Denali Mike Christeson - double rainbow Eric Fischer - Feathery Sundog Frank Wielgus - Scenic Sun and Sundog Eric Fischer - Solitary Ray Over Mingo Diane Yorkshire - Sitka Sunset Diane Yorkshire - Sunset - Inside Passage Len Marraccini - Atlantic Dawn Mike Christeson - Furnace sun set Rich McLaughlin - Morning Sunrise Sky Len Marraccini - Dawn's early rays Mike Christeson - Flowing river Sun Set Diane Yorkshire - Moon over Glacier Bay Julie Yorkshire - The Eclipse Begins from 35000 feet Mark Arelt - Summer Meteor Stellar 9 photographers 19 images Matt Dieterich - Aurora and Milky Way over Mt. Rainier Alexis Kwasinski - Pleiades and comet C2014 Q2 Lovejoy Matt Dieterich - Perseid Meteors and Milky Way over Mt. Rainier Chris Boretzky - Orion Constellation with M42 Mike Christeson- Good Morning Orion Mark McConaughy - Albireo Double Star Mark Arelt - Nocturnal Whirl Alexis Kwasinski - Milky Way Meteor two satellites and green and purple airglow Frank Wielgus - Cygnus Star Cloud Len Marraccini - Milky Way over Bodie Island Nathan Brandt - Milky Way Star Party Frank Wielgus - Brocchi's Cluster Nathan Brandt - Cluster NGC 7686 Mark McConaughy - M13 Globular Cluster Frank Wielgus - Gamma Cassiopeiae and Stellar Friends Nathan -
Rotating Elephant Trunks
A&A 454, 201–212 (2006) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20054494 & c ESO 2006 Astrophysics Rotating elephant trunks G. F. Gahm1,P.Carlqvist2,L.E.B.Johansson3,andS.Nikolic´4,5 1 Stockholm Observatory, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden e-mail: [email protected] 2 Alfvén Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden 3 Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92 Onsala, Sweden 4 Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36D, Santiago, Chile 5 Astronomical Observatory, Volgina 7, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Received 8 November 2005 / Accepted 26 January 2006 ABSTRACT Aims. We investigate the structure and velocity of cold molecular pillars, “elephant trunks”, in expanding H ii regions. Methods. The trunks are seen in silhouette against the bright background in our Hα images. All trunks are filamentary, and show signs of being twisted. Four such trunks in NGC 7822, IC 1805, the Rosette Nebula, and DWB 44 were selected, and then mapped mainly in 12CO and 13CO. We determine the mass and density of the trunks. Most of the mass is concentrated in a head facing the central cluster, and in sub-filaments forming the body of the trunk that is connected to V-shaped filaments to the outer expanding shell. Results. We discovered that all four trunks rotate as rigid bodies (to a first approximation) about their major axes, and that at least two trunks are stretching along their major axes, meaning that the massive heads are lagging behind in the general expansion of the H ii regions. The rotational periods are of the order of a few million years – similar to the age of the clusters. -
WISE Captures a Cosmic Rose 16 March 2010
WISE Captures a Cosmic Rose 16 March 2010 supernova remnant associated with this region, called NGC 7822, indicates that a massive star has already exploded, blowing the cloud open in a "champagne flow" and leaving behind this floral remnant. Blue dots sprinkled throughout are foreground stars in our Milky Way galaxy. Berkeley 59 and NGC 7822 are located in the constellation of Cepheus at a distance of about 3,300 light-years from Earth. Infrared light is color coded in this picture as follows: blue shows 3.4-micron light; cyan, 4.6-micron light; green, 12-micron light; and red, 22-micron light. A new infrared image from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Provided by JPL/NASA Survey Explorer, or WISE, shows a cosmic rosebud blossoming with new stars. Image credit: NASA/JPL- Caltech/UCLA (PhysOrg.com) -- A new infrared image from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, shows a cosmic rosebud blossoming with new stars. The stars, called the Berkeley 59 cluster, are the blue dots to the right of the image center. They are ripening out of the dust cloud from which they formed, and at just a few million years old, are young on stellar time scales. The rosebud-like red glow surrounding the hot, young stars is warm dust heated by the stars. Green "leafy" nebulosity enfolds the cluster, showing the edges of the dense, dusty cloud. This green material is from heated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, molecules that can be found on Earth in barbecue pits, exhaust pipes and other places where combustion has occurred. -
Astronomy Magazine Special Issue
γ ι ζ γ δ α κ β κ ε γ β ρ ε ζ υ α φ ψ ω χ α π χ φ γ ω ο ι δ κ α ξ υ λ τ μ β α σ θ ε β σ δ γ ψ λ ω σ η ν θ Aι must-have for all stargazers η δ μ NEW EDITION! ζ λ β ε η κ NGC 6664 NGC 6539 ε τ μ NGC 6712 α υ δ ζ M26 ν NGC 6649 ψ Struve 2325 ζ ξ ATLAS χ α NGC 6604 ξ ο ν ν SCUTUM M16 of the γ SERP β NGC 6605 γ V450 ξ η υ η NGC 6645 M17 φ θ M18 ζ ρ ρ1 π Barnard 92 ο χ σ M25 M24 STARS M23 ν β κ All-in-one introduction ALL NEW MAPS WITH: to the night sky 42,000 more stars (87,000 plotted down to magnitude 8.5) AND 150+ more deep-sky objects (more than 1,200 total) The Eagle Nebula (M16) combines a dark nebula and a star cluster. In 100+ this intense region of star formation, “pillars” form at the boundaries spectacular between hot and cold gas. You’ll find this object on Map 14, a celestial portion of which lies above. photos PLUS: How to observe star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies AS2-CV0610.indd 1 6/10/10 4:17 PM NEW EDITION! AtlAs Tour the night sky of the The staff of Astronomy magazine decided to This atlas presents produce its first star atlas in 2006. -
THIRTEEN MOONS Curriculum
THIRTEEN MOONS Curriculum OJIBWAY CREE MOHAWK PRACTITIONER GUIDE LBS LEVELS 2 AND 3 13 MOONS – Teacher’s Guide 0 13 MOONS – Teacher’s Guide 1 © Ontario Native Literacy Coalition [2010] Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Aboriginal Calendars………………………………………………………………………………..…5 OJIBWE Unit………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 Introduction & Pronunciation Guide…………………………………………………….8 Moons …………………………………………………………………………………………………..9 Numbers …………………………………………………………………………………………….12 Days of the Week …………………………………………………………………………….….14 Seasons ……………………………………………………………………………………………...15 CREE Unit…………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………….18 Moons ………………………………………………………………………………………………...19 Numbers ………………………………………………………………………………………….…20 Seasons and Days of the Week ………………………………………………………..…..22 MOHAWK Unit…………………………………………………………………………………………..24 Vowels………………………………………….………………………………………………..……26 Consonants……………………………………………………………………………………..…..27 Months…………………………………………………………………………………………..……29 Numbers………………………………………………………………………………………..……30 Days………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..32 Seasons…………………………………………………………………………………………..…..33 Cycle of Ceremonies……………………………………………………………………………34 Resources……………………………………………………………………………………………….…36 2011-2012 Calendars ……………………………………………………………………..…37 2011 Moon Phases ………………………………………………………………………..…..38 Sample Calendar Page …………………………………………………………………...….40 Task-Based Activities……………………………………………………………………………………44 Writing Activity -
Übersicht NGC-Objektauswahl Cepheus Zur Übersichtskarte
NGC-Objektauswahl Cepheus NGC 40 NGC 7055 NGC 7354 NGC 188 NGC 7076 NGC 7380 NGC 1184 NGC 7129 NGC 7419 NGC 1544 NGC 7139 NGC 7423 NGC 2276 NGC 7142 NGC 7429 NGC 2300 NGC 7160 NGC 7510 NGC 6939 NGC 7226 NGC 7538 NGC 6949 NGC 7235 NGC 7708 NGC 6951 NGC 7261 NGC 7762 NGC 7023 NGC 7281 NGC 7822 Sternbild- Übersicht Zur Objektauswahl: Nummer anklicken Zur Übersichtskarte: Objekt anklicken Sternbildübersicht Auswahl NGC 40_7708 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 188_Aufsuchkarte 2 UMi 2 Auswahl NGC 1184 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 1544_2276_2300 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 6939 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 6949_6951 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7023 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7055 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7076 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7129_7142 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7139_7160 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7226_7235 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl N 7261_7281 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7354_7419_7429_7510_7538 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7380_7423 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 7762_7822 Aufsuchkarte Auswahl NGC 40 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 188 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 1184 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 1544 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte N 2276_N 2300 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 6939 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 6949 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 6951 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 7023 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 7055 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 7076 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 7129_7142 Übersichtskarte Aufsuch- Auswahl karte NGC 7139 -
"Blue Moon" to Shine on New Year's Eve 1 2 for the First Time in Almost
1 "Blue Moon" to Shine on New Year's Eve 2 3 For the first time in almost 20 years, a bright "blue moon" will grace New Year's Eve celebrations worldwide. If the skies 4 are clear, revelers looking up at midnight will get an eyeful of the second full moon of the month—commonly called a 5 blue moon. The last time a blue moon appeared on New Year's Eve was in 1990, and it won't happen again until 2028. A 6 blue moon isn't actually blue—as commonly defined, the name reflects the relative rarity of two full moons in a month 7 and is linked to the saying "once in a blue moon." With this New Year's Eve blue moon, "there is nothing scientific about 8 it, and it has no astronomical significance," said Mark Hammergren, a staff astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in 9 Chicago, Illinois. "But I believe it does give us some insight into history and makes us think of how our calendar system 10 has derived from motions of objects in the sky." 11 12 Blue Moon Error 13 The popular definition of a blue moon isn't the only one—and it's one that's based on an editorial error, astronomers 14 contend. 15 The widespread definition of the second full moon in a month stems from errors made in an astronomy magazine, when a 16 writer misinterpreted how the term was used in the Maine Farmer's Almanac. Later studies of almanacs published from 17 1819 to 1962 revealed that the term "blue moon" actually refers to the "extra" full moon that can occur in a year due to 18 differences between the calendar year and the astronomical year. -
Sky This Month May 2019
Mother’s Day The Sky This Month Edition RASC Recreational Astronomy for Apr 24th to May 21st Location: M.A.M.A. Prepared by: Bryon Czarnik !1 Mother’s Luna and Sol Dates . Day Edition • Luna [Gr. Selene] rides her chariot across the night sky, while her brother, Sol [Gr. Helios], rests � Last Qtr � Earth Day 6:18 pm Moon Apogee � 404,576 km New Moon 2:21 pm 6:45 pm � First Qtr 9:12 pm Int’l Astronomy Day Mothers Day Moon Perigee � 369,015 km Full Moon � 5:54 pm � 5:11 pm Flower Moon, Corn Planting Moon, and Milk Moon Tigmiyikvik (Inuit), “time when ducks & geese return from south” Blue Moon (3rd full moon in astro. season with 4 full moons) Hunter’s Moon (S Hemisphere) Native Full Moon Names: http://americanindian.net/moons.html !2 Mother’s Luna and Sol Dates . Day Edition • Luna [Gr. Selene] rides her chariot across the night sky, while her brother, Sol [Gr. Helios], rests � Last Qtr � Earth Day 6:18 pm Moon Apogee � 404,576 km New Moon 2:21 pm 6:45 pm Sunrise / Sunset (Daylight) Astronomical Twilight (Night) Apr 24 6:20 am / 8:11 pm (13:51) 4:32 am / 10:00 pm (6:32) � May 21 5:46 am / 8:41 pm (14:55) 3:39 am / 10:49 pm (4:50) First Qtr 9:12 pm Int’l Astronomy Day Mothers Day Moon Perigee � 369,015 km Full Moon � 5:54 pm � 5:11 pm Flower Moon, Corn Planting Moon, and Milk Moon Tigmiyikvik (Inuit), “time when ducks & geese return from south” Blue Moon (3rd full moon in astro. -
Guide to the Night Sky 2021
The Manx Night Sky 2021 Highlights 2021 Jan 4 - Quadrantids maximum. Mar 5 - Jupiter and Mercury conjunction 0.19’ apart. Apr 22. - Lyrid meteor shower maximum. May 29 - Venus and Mercury close in PM sky. Jun 10 - Annular eclipse, Partial (25%) from IOM. Jul 13 - Venus and Mars conjunction 0.24’apart. Aug 2 - Saturn at opposition. Aug 12 - Perseid meteor shower maximum. Aug 20 - Jupiter at opposition. Oct 3 - Grazing occultation of η Leonis (mag 3.5). Nov 19 - Partial lunar eclipse, Visible at Moonset IOM. Dec 7 - Venus at brightest in evening sky (Mag -4.7). Dec 14 - Geminids meteor shower. Dec 29 - Venus and Mercury close in PM sky. The January 2021 Manx Night Sky January 2 - Earth at perigee. 147,093,163 km from Sun. January 3, 4 - Quadrantids Meteor Shower (80 ZHR). The shower runs to 12 January, peaking on the 3rd/4th. The Moon is full on Dec 30th so will interfere but minimally as the shower is in the north. Meteors tend to leave fine trains. January 9 to 14 – Moon, Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn close. January 11 - Venus and waning crescent Moon conjunction. January 13 - New Moon. This is the best time of the month to observe faint objects as there is no moonlight to interfere. January 24 – Mercury at Greatest Eastern Elongation (PM) The planet Mercury reaches greatest eastern elongation of 18.6 degrees from the Sun. Look in western sky after sunset. January 25 – Moon occults M35 cluster in Gemini. January 28 – Full Moon at 19:18 UT. The February 2021 Manx Night Sky February 1 to 3 – Mercury just visible in dusk sky. -
FARSIDE Probe Study Final Report
Study Participants List, Disclaimers, and Acknowledgements Study Participants List Principal Authors Jack O. Burns, University of Colorado Boulder Gregg Hallinan, California Institute of Technology Co-Authors Jim Lux, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Andres Romero-Wolf, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Technology Institute of Technology Lawrence Teitelbaum, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Tzu-Ching Chang, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Institute of Technology Jonathon Kocz, California Institute of Technology Judd Bowman, Arizona State University Robert MacDowall, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Justin Kasper, University of Michigan Richard Bradley, National Radio Astronomy Observatory Marin Anderson, California Institute of Technology David Rapetti, University of Colorado Boulder Zhongwen Zhen, California Institute of Technology Wenbo Wu, California Institute of Technology Jonathan Pober, Brown University Steven Furlanetto, UCLA Jordan Mirocha, McGill University Alex Austin, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Disclaimers/Acknowledgements Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The cost information contained in this document is of a budgetary and planning nature and is intended for informational purposes only. It does not constitute a commitment on the part of JPL and/or Caltech © 2019.