Alternaria Alternata
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
University of California Santa Cruz Responding to An
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ RESPONDING TO AN EMERGENT PLANT PEST-PATHOGEN COMPLEX ACROSS SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SCALES A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES with an emphasis in ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY by Shannon Colleen Lynch December 2020 The Dissertation of Shannon Colleen Lynch is approved: Professor Gregory S. Gilbert, chair Professor Stacy M. Philpott Professor Andrew Szasz Professor Ingrid M. Parker Quentin Williams Acting Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Shannon Colleen Lynch 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables iv List of Figures vii Abstract x Dedication xiii Acknowledgements xiv Chapter 1 – Introduction 1 References 10 Chapter 2 – Host Evolutionary Relationships Explain 12 Tree Mortality Caused by a Generalist Pest– Pathogen Complex References 38 Chapter 3 – Microbiome Variation Across a 66 Phylogeographic Range of Tree Hosts Affected by an Emergent Pest–Pathogen Complex References 110 Chapter 4 – On Collaborative Governance: Building Consensus on 180 Priorities to Manage Invasive Species Through Collective Action References 243 iii LIST OF TABLES Chapter 2 Table I Insect vectors and corresponding fungal pathogens causing 47 Fusarium dieback on tree hosts in California, Israel, and South Africa. Table II Phylogenetic signal for each host type measured by D statistic. 48 Table SI Native range and infested distribution of tree and shrub FD- 49 ISHB host species. Chapter 3 Table I Study site attributes. 124 Table II Mean and median richness of microbiota in wood samples 128 collected from FD-ISHB host trees. Table III Fungal endophyte-Fusarium in vitro interaction outcomes. -
A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus Tectorum
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2019-06-01 A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus tectorum Nathan Joseph Ricks Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Ricks, Nathan Joseph, "A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus tectorum" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 8549. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8549 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus tectorum Nathan Joseph Ricks A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Craig Coleman, Chair John Chaston Susan Meyer Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young University Copyright © 2019 Nathan Joseph Ricks All Rights Reserved ABSTACT A Metagenomic Approach to Understand Stand Failure in Bromus tectorum Nathan Joseph Ricks Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, BYU Master of Science Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) is an invasive annual grass that has colonized large portions of the Intermountain west. Cheatgrass stand failures have been observed throughout the invaded region, the cause of which may be related to the presence of several species of pathogenic fungi in the soil or surface litter. In this study, metagenomics was used to better understand and compare the fungal communities between sites that have and have not experienced stand failure. -
Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two
(topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota. -
Dothideomycetes and Leotiomycetes Sterile Mycelia
Gnavi et al. SpringerPlus 2014, 3:508 http://www.springerplus.com/content/3/1/508 a SpringerOpen Journal RESEARCH Open Access Dothideomycetes and Leotiomycetes sterile mycelia isolated from the Italian seagrass Posidonia oceanica based on rDNA data Giorgio Gnavi1, Enrico Ercole2, Luigi Panno1, Alfredo Vizzini2 and Giovanna C Varese1* Abstract Marine fungi represent a group of organisms extremely important from an ecological and biotechnological point of view, but often still neglected. In this work, an in-depth analysis on the systematic and the phylogenetic position of 21 sterile mycelia, isolated from Posidonia oceanica, was performed. The molecular (ITS and LSU sequences) analysis showed that several of them are putative new species belonging to three orders in the Ascomycota phylum: Pleosporales, Capnodiales and Helotiales. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood approaches. Seven sterile mycelia belong to the genera firstly reported from marine environments. The bioinformatic analysis allowed to identify five sterile mycelia at species level and nine at genus level. Some of the analyzed sterile mycelia could belong to new lineages of marine fungi. Keywords: Dothideomycetes; Fungal molecular phylogeny; Leotiomycetes; Marine fungi; Posidonia oceanica; Sterile mycelia Background metabolites that often display promising biological and The oceans host a vast biodiversity. Most of the marine pharmacological properties (Rateb and Ebel 2011) and the microbial biodiversity has not yet been discovered and remarkably high hit rates of marine compounds in screen- characterized, both taxonomically and biochemically. ing for drug leads makes the search in marine organisms Marine fungal strains have been obtained from virtually quite attractive. every possible marine habitat, including inorganic matter, In our previous work (Panno et al. -
FCE 37 Ebook
Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 37: 1–20 (2000) Lichenized, lichenicolous and other fungi from North and North- East Greenland Vagn Alstrup1, Eric Steen Hansen1 & Fred J. A. Daniels2 1Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen, 130 Gothersgade, DK-1123 Copenhagen K, Denmark 2Institute of Plant Ecology, Westfälische Wilhems-Universität, 55 Hindenburgplatz, D-48143 Münster, Germany Abstract: A total of 410 taxa of lichens, lichenicolous fungi and other fungi are reported from fourteen localities in Kronprins Christian Land in North Greenland and Lambert Land in North East Greenland. Four new combinations are made, viz. Aspicilia bennettii, A. expansa, Caloplaca elaeophora and Neuropogon sphacelatus. 60 species of lichens and other fungi are reported as new to Greenland, viz. Acarospora impressula, A. picea, Amphisphaerella erikssonii, Buellia elegans, Carbonea aggregantula, C. atronivea, Catillaria contristans, C. subnegans, Collema coccophorum, Dacampia engeliana, Dactylospora rimulicola, Dermatocarpon luridum, D. meiophyllizum, Didymella praestabilis, Gibbera uliginosa, Ionaspis ventosa, Lecanora cavicola, L. flotowiana, L. perpruinosa, L. umbrina, Lecidella carpathica, Leptogium corniculatum, Leptosphaeria hendersoniae, Leptosphaerulina peltigerae, Lichenostigma semiimmersa, Melanomma sanguinarium, Merismatium heterophractum, M. nigritellum, Peltigera britannica, Pertusaria chiodectonoides, Phomopsis salicina, Physarum oblatum, Placynthium subradiatum, Pleospora graminearum, P. pyrenaica, Polyblastia fuscoargillacea, P. peminosa, P. schisticola, -
A Molecular and Morphological Reassessment of Diademaceae
Hindawi Publishing Corporation e Scientific World Journal Volume 2014, Article ID 675348, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/675348 Research Article A Molecular and Morphological Reassessment of Diademaceae Hiran A. Ariyawansa,1,2,3 Rungtiwa Phookamsak,2,3 Saowaluck Tibpromma,2,3 Ji-Chuan Kang,1 and Kevin D. Hyde2,3 1 The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China 2 School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 3 Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand Correspondence should be addressed to Ji-Chuan Kang; [email protected] and Kevin D. Hyde; [email protected] Received 6 August 2013; Accepted 8 October 2013; Published 12 January 2014 Academic Editors: R. Jeewon and S. J. Suh Copyright © 2014 Hiran A. Ariyawansa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We revisit the family Diademaceae based on available sequence data and morphology. Diademaceae is characterized by ascomata opening with a flat circular lid and fissitunicate, short orbicular frequently cylindrical, pedicellate asci. Ascospores are frequently circular in section but narrowing to one end with three or more transverse septa, without longitudinal septa, and mostly with a thick sheath. In recent treatments Clathrospora, Comoclathris, Diadema, Diademosa,andGraphyllium were placed in the family. Following molecular and morphological study, Clathrospora, Comoclathris,andDiademosa, are excluded from the family and referred to Pleosporaceae. -
Proposed Generic Names for Dothideomycetes
Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes–2014 Nalin N. Wijayawardene1, 2, Pedro W. Crous3, Paul M. Kirk4, David L. Hawksworth4, 5, 6, Dongqin Dai1, 2, Eric Boehm7, Saranyaphat Boonmee1, 2, Uwe Braun8, Putarak Chomnunti1, 2, , Melvina J. D'souza1, 2, Paul Diederich9, Asha Dissanayake1, 2, 10, Mingkhuan Doilom1, 2, Francesco Doveri11, Singang Hongsanan1, 2, E.B. Gareth Jones12, 13, Johannes Z. Groenewald3, Ruvishika Jayawardena1, 2, 10, James D. Lawrey14, Yan Mei Li15, 16, Yong Xiang Liu17, Robert Lücking18, Hugo Madrid3, Dimuthu S. Manamgoda1, 2, Jutamart Monkai1, 2, Lucia Muggia19, 20, Matthew P. Nelsen18, 21, Ka-Lai Pang22, Rungtiwa Phookamsak1, 2, Indunil Senanayake1, 2, Carol A. Shearer23, Satinee Suetrong24, Kazuaki Tanaka25, Kasun M. Thambugala1, 2, 17, Saowanee Wikee1, 2, Hai-Xia Wu15, 16, Ying Zhang26, Begoña Aguirre-Hudson5, Siti A. Alias27, André Aptroot28, Ali H. Bahkali29, Jose L. Bezerra30, Jayarama D. Bhat1, 2, 31, Ekachai Chukeatirote1, 2, Cécile Gueidan5, Kazuyuki Hirayama25, G. Sybren De Hoog3, Ji Chuan Kang32, Kerry Knudsen33, Wen Jing Li1, 2, Xinghong Li10, ZouYi Liu17, Ausana Mapook1, 2, Eric H.C. McKenzie34, Andrew N. Miller35, Peter E. Mortimer36, 37, Dhanushka Nadeeshan1, 2, Alan J.L. Phillips38, Huzefa A. Raja39, Christian Scheuer19, Felix Schumm40, Joanne E. Taylor41, Qing Tian1, 2, Saowaluck Tibpromma1, 2, Yong Wang42, Jianchu Xu3, 4, Jiye Yan10, Supalak Yacharoen1, 2, Min Zhang15, 16, Joyce Woudenberg3 and K. D. Hyde1, 2, 37, 38 1Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research and 2School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, -
Multi-Locus Phylogeny of Pleosporales: a Taxonomic, Ecological and Evolutionary Re-Evaluation
available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 64: 85–102. 2009. doi:10.3114/sim.2009.64.04 Multi-locus phylogeny of Pleosporales: a taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary re-evaluation Y. Zhang1, C.L. Schoch2, J. Fournier3, P.W. Crous4, J. de Gruyter4, 5, J.H.C. Woudenberg4, K. Hirayama6, K. Tanaka6, S.B. Pointing1, J.W. Spatafora7 and K.D. Hyde8, 9* 1Division of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; 2National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6510, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6510, U.S.A.; 3Las Muros, Rimont, Ariège, F 09420, France; 4CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 5Plant Protection Service, P.O. Box 9102, 6700 HC Wageningen, The Netherlands; 6Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan; 7Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 93133, U.S.A.; 8School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; 9International Fungal Research & Development Centre, The Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China 650034 *Correspondence: Kevin D. Hyde, [email protected] Abstract: Five loci, nucSSU, nucLSU rDNA, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2, are used for analysing 129 pleosporalean taxa representing 59 genera and 15 families in the current classification ofPleosporales . The suborder Pleosporineae is emended to include four families, viz. Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae and Pleosporaceae. In addition, two new families are introduced, i.e. -
A Molecular Phylogenetic Reappraisal of the Hysteriaceae, Mytilinidiaceae and Gloniaceae (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes) with Keys to World Species
available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 64: 49–83. 2009. doi:10.3114/sim.2009.64.03 A molecular phylogenetic reappraisal of the Hysteriaceae, Mytilinidiaceae and Gloniaceae (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes) with keys to world species E.W.A. Boehm1*, G.K. Mugambi2, A.N. Miller3, S.M. Huhndorf4, S. Marincowitz5, J.W. Spatafora6 and C.L. Schoch7 1Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave., Union, New Jersey 07083, U.S.A.; 2National Museum of Kenya, Botany Department, P.O. Box 40658, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya; 3Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 6182, U.S.A.; 4The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605, U.S.A.; 5Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; 6Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 93133, U.S.A.; 7National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, GenBank, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6510, Building 45, Room 6an.18, Bethesda, MD, 20892, U.S.A. *Correspondence: E.W.A. Boehm, [email protected] Abstract: A reappraisal of the phylogenetic integrity of bitunicate ascomycete fungi belonging to or previously affiliated with the Hysteriaceae, Mytilinidiaceae, Gloniaceae and Patellariaceae is presented, based on an analysis of 121 isolates and four nuclear genes, the ribosomal large and small subunits, transcription elongation factor 1 and -
A New Genus and Three New Species of Hysteriaceous Ascomycetes from the Semiarid Region of Brazil
Phytotaxa 176 (1): 298–308 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.176.1.28 A new genus and three new species of hysteriaceous ascomycetes from the semiarid region of Brazil DAVI AUGUSTO CARNEIRO DE ALMEIDA1, LUÍS FERNANDO PASCHOLATI GUSMÃO1 & ANDREW NICHOLAS MILLER2 1 Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900. Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil. 2 Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820 * email: [email protected] Abstract During an inventory of ascomycetes in the semi-arid region of Brazil, one new genus and three new species of hysteriaceous ascomycetes were found. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear ribosomal 28S large subunit were performed to investigate the placement of the new taxa within the class Dothideomycetes. Anteaglonium brasiliense is described as a new species within the order Pleosporales, and Graphyllium caracolinense is described as a new species nested inside Hysteriales. Morphological and molecular data support Hysterodifractum as a new monotypic genus in the Hysteriaceae. The type species, H. partisporum, is characterized by navicular, carbonaceous, gregarious hysterothecia and pigmented, fusiform ascospores that disarticulate into 16 ovoid or obovoid, septate, part-spores. This is the first report of a hysteriaceous fungus producing part-spores. Key words: Dothideomycetes, LSU, phylogeny, Pleosporomycetidae, taxonomy, tropical microfungi Introduction Hysteriaceous ascoloculares ascomycetes produce navicular, carbonaceous, persistent ascomata that are superficial or erumpent and dehisce through a longitudinal slit (Boehm et al. -
Additions to the Genus Rhytidhysteron in Hysteriaceae Author(S): Kasun M
Additions to the Genus Rhytidhysteron in Hysteriaceae Author(s): Kasun M. Thambugala , Kevin D. Hyde , Prapassorn D. Eungwanichayapant , Andrea I. Romero & Zuo-Yi Liu Source: Cryptogamie, Mycologie, 37(1):99-116. Published By: Association des Amis des Cryptogames https://doi.org/10.7872/crym/v37.iss1.2016.99 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.7872/crym/v37.iss1.2016.99 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non- commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Cryptogamie, Mycologie, 2016, 37 (1): 99-116 © 2016 Adac. Tous droits réservés $GGLWLRQVWRWKHJHQXVRhytidhysteronLQ+\VWHULDFHDH Kasun M. THAMBUGALA a,b,c, Kevin D. HYDEb,c,d, Prapassorn D. EUNGWANICHAYAPANT c, Andrea I. ROMERO e & Zuo-Yi LIU a* aGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, People’s Republic of China bCenter of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand cSchool of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand dKey Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China ePrhideb-Conicet, Deptomento Cs. -
<I>Diadema Ahmadii</I>
ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2010. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON doi: 10.5248/113.337 Volume 113, pp. 337–342 July–September 2010 Diadema ahmadii (Pleosporales), a new ascomycetous species from Pakistan Kazuaki Tanaka 1*, Kazuyuki Hirayama 1 & Syed H. Iqbal 2 1*[email protected] 1Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan 2 Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of the Punjab Quid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan Abstract — Diadema ahmadii sp. nov. is described, illustrated, and compared with similar taxa. This species was collected from dead branches ofRosa moschata in Kaghan Valley, an alpine region in Pakistan. Diadema ahmadii is most similar to D. tetramerum, the type species of the genus, in that it has asci and ascospores of similar dimensions. However, D. ahmadii is distinguished from the latter and other related species by having ascospores with a submedian primary septum. Key words — bitunicate ascomycetes, Diademaceae, Dothideomycetes, Pleosporo- mycetidae Introduction During the examination of several herbarium specimens of bitunicate ascomycetes in Pakistan, an interesting species with dark and relatively large ascospores was found on dead branches of Rosa moschata collected from an alpine region in Pakistan (Batakundi, Kaghan Valley). Owing to the presence of globose to subglobose ascomata without a papillate beak, obclavate to cylindrical asci with fissitunicate dehiscence, and deeply pigmented, 3-septate ascospores, this ascomycete was considered as an undescribed species in the genus Diadema Shoemaker & C.E. Babc. The new species is described, illustrated, and compared to other species in this genus.