Terms from Kostka Twentieth Century Music
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Guitar Electronics Input/Output Structures Modify: Fender Amp Mxr Phase 100 More Gr- 500 the Ultimate Keyboard
J u ly -Aug. 1981 PQLUPHONU $2 .5 0 ELECTRONIC MUSIC & HOME RECORDING ISSN: 0163-4534 GUITAR ELECTRONICS INPUT/OUTPUT STRUCTURES MODIFY: FENDER AMP MXR PHASE 100 MORE GR- 500 THE ULTIMATE KEYBOARD The Prophet-10 is the most complete keyboard instrument available today. The Prophet is a true polyphonic programmable synthesizer with 10 complete voices and 2 manuals. Each 5 voice keyboard has its own programmer allowing two completely different sounds to be played simultaneously. All ten voices can also be played from one keyboard program. Each voice has 2 voltage controlled oscillators, a mixer, a four pole low pass filter, two ADSR envelope generators, a final VCA and independent modula tion capabilities. The Prophet-10’s total capabilities are too The Prophet-10 has an optional polyphonic numerous to mention here, but some of the sequencer that can be installed when the Prophet features include: is ordered, or at a later date in the field. It fits * Assignable voice modes (normal, single, completely within the main unit and operates on double, alternate) the lower manual. Various features of the * Stereo and mono balanced and unbalanced sequencer are: outputs * Simplicity; just play normally & record ex * Pitch bend and modulation wheels actly what you play. * Polyphonic modulation section * 2500 note capability, and 6 memory banks. * Voice defeat system * Built-in micro-cassette deck for both se * Two assignable & programmable control quence and program storage. voltage pedals which can act on each man * Extensive editing & overdubbing facilities. ual independently * Exact timing can be programmed, and an * Three-band programmable equalization external clock can be used. -
An Original Composition for Mixed Ensemble and Rhythm, Tempo and Time in Elliott Carter‘S Figment and Shard
ABSTRACT SPECULATIVE SPECULATIONS: AN ORIGINAL COMPOSITION FOR MIXED ENSEMBLE AND RHYTHM, TEMPO AND TIME IN ELLIOTT CARTER‘S FIGMENT AND SHARD. by Christian J. Loebs July, 2010 Director: Edward Jacobs SCHOOL OF MUSIC This thesis is composed of two parts. The first part is an original composition Speculative Speculations for flute, clarinet, piano, percussion, violin, viola and cello and was premiered November 14, 2009 at the A. J. Fletcher Recital Hall, East Carolina University. The second part is an analysis of Elliott Carter‘s use of rhythm, tempo and time in two pieces, Figment for solo cello and Shard for solo guitar. These pieces are microcosms Carter‘s style found in his larger scale works. SPECULATIVE SPECULATIONS: AN ORIGINAL COMPOSITION FOR MIXED ENSEMBLE AND RHYTHM, TEMPO AND TIME IN ELLIOTT CARTER‘S FIGMENT AND SHARD. A Thesis Presented To The Faculty of the School of Music East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Music Theory/Composition by Christian J. Loebs July, 2010 ©Copyright 2010 Christian J. Loebs SPECULATIVE SPECULATIONS: AN ORIGINAL COMPOSITION FOR MIXED ENSEMBLE AND RHYTHM TEMPO AND TIME IN ELLIOTT CARTER‘S FIGMENT AND SHARD. by Christian J. Loebs APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS:__________________________________________________ Edward Jacobs, DMA COMMITTEE MEMBER:__________________________________________________ Elliot Frank, DM COMMITTEE MEMBER:__________________________________________________ Marc Faris, PhD COMMITTEE MEMBERAND CHAIR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THEORY, COMPOSTION AND MUSICOLOGY: ________________________________________________ Thomas Huener, PhD DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL: ________________________________________________ Paul J. Gemperline, PhD This thesis is dedicated to my parents David and Susan Loebs. Thank you for everything you taught me and for encouraging me to follow my dreams. -
AMRC Journal Volume 21
American Music Research Center Jo urnal Volume 21 • 2012 Thomas L. Riis, Editor-in-Chief American Music Research Center College of Music University of Colorado Boulder The American Music Research Center Thomas L. Riis, Director Laurie J. Sampsel, Curator Eric J. Harbeson, Archivist Sister Dominic Ray, O. P. (1913 –1994), Founder Karl Kroeger, Archivist Emeritus William Kearns, Senior Fellow Daniel Sher, Dean, College of Music Eric Hansen, Editorial Assistant Editorial Board C. F. Alan Cass Portia Maultsby Susan Cook Tom C. Owens Robert Fink Katherine Preston William Kearns Laurie Sampsel Karl Kroeger Ann Sears Paul Laird Jessica Sternfeld Victoria Lindsay Levine Joanne Swenson-Eldridge Kip Lornell Graham Wood The American Music Research Center Journal is published annually. Subscription rate is $25 per issue ($28 outside the U.S. and Canada) Please address all inquiries to Eric Hansen, AMRC, 288 UCB, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0288. Email: [email protected] The American Music Research Center website address is www.amrccolorado.org ISBN 1058-3572 © 2012 by Board of Regents of the University of Colorado Information for Authors The American Music Research Center Journal is dedicated to publishing arti - cles of general interest about American music, particularly in subject areas relevant to its collections. We welcome submission of articles and proposals from the scholarly community, ranging from 3,000 to 10,000 words (exclud - ing notes). All articles should be addressed to Thomas L. Riis, College of Music, Uni ver - sity of Colorado Boulder, 301 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0301. Each separate article should be submitted in two double-spaced, single-sided hard copies. -
A Critical Evaluation of the Nature of Music Education in the Public Schools of British Columbia
A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE NATURE OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA David James Phyall Associate in Arts and Science (Music), Capilano College, 1982 B.A., SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY, 1989 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Faculty of Education @ David James Phyall 1993 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY March 1993 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: David James P hyall Degree: Master of Arts Title of Project: A Critical Evaluation of the Nature of Music Education in the Public Schools of British Columbia Examining Committee: Chair: Anne Corbishley Robert Walker Senior Supervisor Owen Underhill Associate Professor School for the Contemporary Arts - Allan ~lin&an Professor Music Department, UBC Allan MacKinnon Assistant Professor Faculty of Education Simon Fraser University External Examiner Date Approved: 2 b7 3/73 Partial Copyright License I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
How Does the Brain Process Music?
I MEDICINE, MUSIC AND THE MIND How does the brain process music? Jason Warren Jason D Warren ABSTRACT – The organisation of the musical rhythm, metre) and the distinctive instrumental or PhD FRACP, brain is a major focus of interest in contemporary human voices (‘tone quality’ or timbre) that carries Honorary neuroscience. This reflects the increasing sophis- the tune. It is not obvious a priori how these dimen- Consultant tication of tools (especially imaging techniques) sions might translate to brain organisation, though it Neurologist, to examine brain anatomy and function in health would seem unlikely that a single ‘music centre’ National Hospital and disease, and the recognition that music processes them all. for Neurology and provides unique insights into a number of aspects The problems this entails are not unlike those con- Neurosurgery, of nonverbal brain function. The emerging picture fronting the study of that other uniquely human, Queen Square, is complex but coherent, and moves beyond London multidimensional capacity, language. Like language, older ideas of music as the province of a single music is an abstract, rule-based system (arguably the Clin Med brain area or hemisphere to the concept of music only one of comparable complexity), and the 2008;8:32–36 as a ‘whole-brain’ phenomenon. Music engages a parallels between music and language are seductive. distributed set of cortical modules that process It is possible to devise musical analogies for linguistic different perceptual, cognitive and emotional elements such as ‘vocabulary’ and ‘grammar’, and components with varying selectivity. ‘Why’ rather at a clinical level, to find musical equivalents for the than ‘how’ the brain processes music is a key aphasias. -
American Mavericks Festival
VISIONARIES PIONEERS ICONOCLASTS A LOOK AT 20TH-CENTURY MUSIC IN THE UNITED STATES, FROM THE SAN FRANCISCO SYMPHONY EDITED BY SUSAN KEY AND LARRY ROTHE PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH THE UNIVERSITY OF CaLIFORNIA PRESS The San Francisco Symphony TO PHYLLIS WAttIs— San Francisco, California FRIEND OF THE SAN FRANCISCO SYMPHONY, CHAMPION OF NEW AND UNUSUAL MUSIC, All inquiries about the sales and distribution of this volume should be directed to the University of California Press. BENEFACTOR OF THE AMERICAN MAVERICKS FESTIVAL, FREE SPIRIT, CATALYST, AND MUSE. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England ©2001 by The San Francisco Symphony ISBN 0-520-23304-2 (cloth) Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI / NISO Z390.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). Printed in Canada Designed by i4 Design, Sausalito, California Back cover: Detail from score of Earle Brown’s Cross Sections and Color Fields. 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 v Contents vii From the Editors When Michael Tilson Thomas announced that he intended to devote three weeks in June 2000 to a survey of some of the 20th century’s most radical American composers, those of us associated with the San Francisco Symphony held our breaths. The Symphony has never apologized for its commitment to new music, but American orchestras have to deal with economic realities. For the San Francisco Symphony, as for its siblings across the country, the guiding principle of programming has always been balance. -
MTO 7.2: Cook, Between Process and Product
Volume 7, Number 2, April 2001 Copyright © 2001 Society for Music Theory Nicholas Cook KEYWORDS: performance theory, work, text, script, analysis ABSTRACT: The text-based orientation of traditional musicology and theory hampers thinking about music as a performance art. Music can be understood as both process and product, but it is the relationship between the two that defines “performance” in the Western “art” tradition. Drawing on interdisciplinary performance theory (particularly theatre studies, poetry reading, and ethnomusicology), I set out issues and outline approaches for the study of music as performance; by thinking of scores as “scripts” rather than “texts,” I argue, we can understand performance as a generator of social meaning. Received 22 January 2001 The Idol Overturned [1] “The performer,” Schoenberg is supposed to have said, “for all his intolerable arrogance, is totally unnecessary except as his interpretations make the music understandable to an audience unfortunate enough not to be able to read it in print.”(1) It’s difficult to know quite how seriously to take such a statement, or Leonard Bernstein’s injunction (Bernstein, of all people!) that the conductor “be humble before the composer; that he never interpose himself between the music and the audience; that all his efforts, however strenuous or glamorous, be made in the service of the composer’s meaning.”(2) And it might be tempting to blame it all on Stravinsky, who somehow elevated a fashionable anti-Romantic stance of the 1920s into a permanent and apparently self-evident philosophy of music, according to which “The secret of perfection lies above all in [the performer’s] consciousness of the law imposed on him by the work he is performing,” so that music should be not interpreted but merely executed.(3) Or if not on Stravinsky, then on the rise of the recording industry, which has created a performance style designed for infinite iterability, resulting over the course of the twentieth century in a “general change of emphasis . -
Structural Analysis and Segmentation of Music Signals
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SEGMENTATION OF MUSIC SIGNALS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA FOR THE PROGRAM IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF - DOCTOR PER LA UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA Bee Suan Ong 2006 © Copyright by Bee Suan Ong 2006 All Rights Reserved ii Dipòsit legal: B.5219-2008 ISBN: 978-84-691-1756-9 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION DIRECTION Dr. Xavier Serra Department of Technology Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona This research was performed at theMusic Technology Group of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, Spain. Primary support was provided by the EU projects FP6-507142 SIMAC http://www.semanticaudio.org. iii Abstract Automatic audio content analysis is a general research area in which algorithms are developed to allow computer systems to understand the content of digital audio signals for further exploitation. Automatic music structural analysis is a specific subset of audio content analysis with its main task to discover the structure of music by analyzing audio signals to facilitate better handling of the current explosively expanding amounts of audio data available in digital collections. In this dissertation, we focus our investigation on four areas that are part of audio-based music structural analysis. First, we propose a unique framework and method for temporal audio segmentation at the semantic level. The system aims to detect structural changes in music to provide a way of separating the different “sections” of a piece according to their structural titles (i.e. intro, verse, chorus, bridge). We present a two-phase music segmentation system together with a combined set of low-level audio descriptors to be extracted from music audio signals. -
Metrical Issues in John Adams's <I>Short Ride in a Fast Machine</I>
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: School of Music Music, School of 2001 Metrical Issues in John Adams's Short Ride in a Fast Machine Stanley V. Kleppinger University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/musicfacpub Part of the Music Theory Commons Kleppinger, Stanley V., "Metrical Issues in John Adams's Short Ride in a Fast Machine" (2001). Faculty Publications: School of Music. 52. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/musicfacpub/52 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Music, School of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: School of Music by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. From Indiana Theory Review Volume 22, no. 1 (2001, appeared in 2003) Metrical Issues ill John Adams's Short Ride in a Fast Machine Stanley V. Kleppinger T IS HARD TO IMAGINE a musical surface that strikes the listener with more metrical conflict than that of John Adams's Short Ride in a Fast Machine (1986). I According to the composer, this orchestral fanfare is inspired by the experi ence of speeding down a highway in a too-fast sports car. As he explained in an interview: The image that I had while composing this piece was a ride that I once took in a sport car. A relative of mine had bought a Ferrari, and he asked me late one night to take a ride in it, and we went out onto the highway, and I wished I hadn't [laughs]. -
Introduction to the DFT and Music for Pieces of Wood
Cyclic Rhythm and Rhythmic Qualities: Introduction to the DFT and an Application to Steve Reich’s Phase Music Jason Yust, Spring 2018 Much of Steve Reich’s music is based on repetition (often ad lib) of 1–2 measure rhythmic patterns. This is particularly true of his “phase” music from Piano Phase and Violin Phase in 1967 to Octet [Eight Lines] in 1979, and also much of the music of the 1980s, such as New York Counterpoint and Electric Counterpoint. The repetition of a consistent unit, one or two measures of 4/4 or 12/8, sometimes 10/8, with a basic pulse of and eighth-note or sixteenth, creates the framework of a rhythmic cycle. Rhythmic cycles invite an analogy with pitch classes, which are also cyclic. Hence, we can think of cyclic rhythms as “beat-class sets.” (This idea was first suggested by Milton Babbitt and built upon by Jeff Pressing, Richard Cohn, and John Roeder.1) Here, I will propose a method of analyzing cyclic rhythms using the DFT (discrete Fourier transform). This is, mathematically, the same method that is used for determining what frequencies are present in an audio signal. The differences when using this method to analyze beat-class sets are (1) Order of magnitude: the frequencies are much slower, so that they correspond to rhythmic periodicities rather than pitches, and (2) Simplifying assumptions: Rhythmic cycles include a relatively small number of eighth or sixteenth-notes (typically 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, or 24), and they are assumed to be perfectly periodic, meaning they could repeat indefinitely. -
Rethinking Minimalism: at the Intersection of Music Theory and Art Criticism
Rethinking Minimalism: At the Intersection of Music Theory and Art Criticism Peter Shelley A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2013 Reading Committee Jonathan Bernard, Chair Áine Heneghan Judy Tsou Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Music Theory ©Copyright 2013 Peter Shelley University of Washington Abstract Rethinking Minimalism: At the Intersection of Music Theory and Art Criticism Peter James Shelley Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Jonathan Bernard Music Theory By now most scholars are fairly sure of what minimalism is. Even if they may be reluctant to offer a precise theory, and even if they may distrust canon formation, members of the informed public have a clear idea of who the central canonical minimalist composers were or are. Sitting front and center are always four white male Americans: La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. This dissertation negotiates with this received wisdom, challenging the stylistic coherence among these composers implied by the term minimalism and scrutinizing the presumed neutrality of their music. This dissertation is based in the acceptance of the aesthetic similarities between minimalist sculpture and music. Michael Fried’s essay “Art and Objecthood,” which occupies a central role in the history of minimalist sculptural criticism, serves as the point of departure for three excursions into minimalist music. The first excursion deals with the question of time in minimalism, arguing that, contrary to received wisdom, minimalist music is not always well understood as static or, in Jonathan Kramer’s terminology, vertical. The second excursion addresses anthropomorphism in minimalist music, borrowing from Fried’s concept of (bodily) presence. -
Historical Methods of Composing Electronic Music – Medium 3 Days Ago
Historical Methods of Composing Electronic Music – Medium 3 days ago Chris Otchy Day: writer and content strategist for mission driven brands. Night: electronic music historian and synthesist. K. Stockhausen at work Historical Methods of Composing Electronic Music Composing music has never been a simple task. While there may be times the muse speaks to us and things seem to come effortlessly; every composer, from the most to least gifted, has experienced a time when they are absolutely and utterly dumbfounded. This article is dedicated to the individuals in that place. Below is a list of techniques electronic and experimental musicians have historically engaged to move them from that uninspired place into one where they may look at things with fresh ears and eyes. Please note, this is by no means a comprehensive list of techniques — rather the ones the author found most interesting on a personal and artistic level. Sound Crafting This is probably the most common method modern sound sculptors use to compose. The composer sits at an instrument or computer and works with the audio to create something compelling, arranging by instinct until a general structure forms. While sound crafting is a good place to begin, it can sometimes lead to mediocre or at least familiar results. Graphic Scores and Instructional Composition These different approaches to scoring come from classical roots, but could be good in shaking up your process. A graphical score allow the composer to map out a series of changes in the technical components of the sound as the piece progresses. Traditional notation is usually jettisoned in favor of other symbols and visual systems to depict the timbrel evolution of sound in the piece.