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Sant Och Falskt I Filmen Shakespeare in Love Sant och falskt i filmen Shakespeare in Love SHAKESPEARE IN LOVE (1998, regi filmskaparna oroliga att publiken John Madden) är en härlig film som skulle bli förvirrade över att en teater tål att ses många gånger. Upplevelsen hette the Theatre. av den förhöjs om man känner till vad i den som stämmer med den MÅNGA AV ROLLFIGURERNA har historiska verkligheten, vad som är historiska förebilder. Sir Edmund fel och vad som är skämt. Här är ett Tilney (spelad av Simon Callow) var blygsamt försök att reda ut vad som Master of the Revels och ansvarig är vad: både för underhållning vid hovet och Den stora felaktigheten är att för teatercensuren. Philip Henslowe William Shakespeare (Joseph (Geoffrey Rush) ägde Rose-teatern. Fiennes) i filmens början har skriv- Edward – Ned – Alleyn (Ben Aff- kramp. Han har redan erhållit för- leck) var den stora stjärnan där, skott för en pjäs (Sådant förekom) medan Richard Burbage (Martin men har bara fått till titeln Romeo and Clunes) var den ledande aktören på Ethel, piratens dotter. Skrivkrampen Theatre. I rollistan finns också beror på kärleksbrist och löses när namnen på några av tidens William får ihop det med den skådespelare: Henry Condell, John teaterintresserade unga överklass- Rose-teatern där mycket av hand- Hemmings, Will Kempe. kvinnan Viola (Gwyneth Paltrow). lingen utspelas är en relativt trogen Christopher Marlowe (Rupert Kärlekshistorien påverkar pjäsen, som rekonstruktion av den teater som Everett) var den största dramatikern i utvecklas till Romeo och Juliet. fanns i Southwark, söder om England före Shakespeare. Han blev I verkligheten bygger Romeo och Themsen. Originalet var dock mycket riktigt dödad i ett knivslags- Juliet på en episk dikt av Arthur troligen mer färgstarkt och praktfullt mål 1593. I kretsen kring Rose- Brooke som publicerades första än vad det ser ut här. Däremot blir teatern finns en våldsfixerad pojke gången 1562. Den baserades i sin tur det litet missvisande när filmen som heter John Webster (Joe på en kort italiensk roman som över- nämner Curtain-teatern i norra Roberts). Så hette en pjäsförfattare satts till franska cirka 1559. Shake- förorterna som den främsta kon- som kan ha varit skådespelare, och speare – och samtida pjäsförfattare – kurrenten till Rose. En stor utom- som skrev pjäser från 1607 och hittade sällan på sina pjäsintriger husteater med det namnet låg norr framåt. själva. De lånade från romaner, om city, men bredvid den fanns den Tidigt i filmen spelar en skåde- noveller, historiekrönikor, andras ännu större och viktigare the spelartrupp Shakespeares Två ung- pjäser, med mera. Theatre. (byggd 1576). Kanske var herrar från Verona vid drottning EN REALISTISK FILM OM S HAKESPEARE skulle ha visat honom läsandes större delen av tiden som han inte skrev eller stod på scenen. Den skulle också ha låtit honom söka inspiration i området kring St Pauls-katedralen. Där fanns centrum för Londons bokförsäljning, med butiker och stånd som var öppna från tidig mor- gon till sen kväll. Däremot stämmer det när en person i filmen säger att pjäsför- fattare är betydelselösa – de hade låg status på Shakespeares tid. Gatorna i London var minst lika trånga och smutsiga som de framställs här. Det var vanligt att myndigheterna för- bjöd teater och andra offentliga tillställningar när pesten härjade i London. Små roddbåtar (wherries) som gick i taxitrafik på Themsen var ett viktigt transportmedel för stor- stadens befolkning. Joseph Fiennes som Shakespeare i filmen Shakespeare in Love SHAKESPEARE - 22 - www.shakespearesallskapet.se Elisabeths (Judi Dench) hov. Det verklige Shakespeare stavar han sitt ett par böcker och sökande bland stämmer med verkligheten, sådant namn olika varje gång! Ohistoriskt är bokstånden vid St Paul’s så hade en skedde ofta. Däremot hände det att han slösar med papper, det var film som gestaltat honom som en aldrig att drottningen besökte en dyrbart. Ett anakronistiskt skämt är passionerad läsare näppeligen spelat offentlig teater. det när han går till en doktor, för att in 250 miljoner dollar och fått fyra Ett viktigt inslag i intrigen är att i ett slags psykoanalys tala om sina Oscars-statyetter. Det är faktiskt William vill få ihop 50 pund för att skrivar- och kärleksbekymmer. skojigare att se honom tampas med kunna köpa in sig som andelsägare i Skämtet blir skojigare om man Gwyneth Paltrows lika tuffa som truppen Chamberlian’s Men. Där känner till att Anthony Sher, som ljuva Viola! finns det en viss sanning: skåde- spelar doktor Moth är en aktör som Eventuellt har Marc Norman (och spelartrupperna ägdes och leddes av är känd för sina psykologiskt djup- Stoppard?) också tagit efter de ett kooperativ på åtta-tio aktörer. lodande tolkningar av många Shake- elisabetanska pjäsförfattarnas vana att Det förekom att man sålde och speareroller. sno intriger. 1988 kom den väl- köpte sina andelar. Men Chamber- etablerade deckarskribenten Faye lain’s Men bildades inte förrän 1594. SHAKESPEARE IN LOVE HAR TVÅ Kellerman ut med The Quality of Marlowe dog som nämnts 1593 och namngivna manusförfattare, ameri- Mercy, en 590 sidor tjock detektiv- Romeo och Juliet tros skriven mot kanen Marc Norman och britten roman som utspelats i London 1593. slutet av 1596. Tom Stoppard. Arbetet gick till så att William Shakespeare är huvudper- Norman skrev ett manus som sedan sonen och hans kärlekshistoria med DIREKT FELAKTIG ÄR DEN BILD reviderades av Stoppard. Jag har inte den unga judinnan Rebecca har filmen ger av auditions och repeti- kunnat se DVD-utgåvan av filmen, många drag gemensamma med tionerna inför uppsättningen av som bland annat innehåller inter- turerna mellan William och Viola i Romeo och Juliet. Så gick det inte till vjuer med dem båda, men såväl filmen. (Bokens huvudtema är på Shakespeares tid. Skådespelar- Norman som Stoppard lär i stort sett smugglandet av judiska flyktingar trupperna framförde olika pjäser tala som om den andre manusför- från inkvisitionens Spanien, och varje eftermiddag. När man skulle fattaren inte fanns! Det är rimligt att pjäsen William inspireras till är spela ett nytt stycke fick varje aktör tro att Stoppard har förtjänsten för Köpmännen i Venedig.) Idag har för- lära sin rolltext på egen hand, sedan merparten av de tidstrogna detal- fattare dock copyright och Keller- samlades man några förmiddagar för jerna och även för de anakronistiska man stämde filmbolaget för plagiat. att foga samman helheten och lösa skämten. En annan inspirationskälla för eventuella problem. Det var givet att Så här gick pjäsförfattandet ofta filmen är Caryl Brahms och S J andelsägarna tog hand om de stora till på Shakespeares tid. Det var Simons humoristiska roman No Bed rollerna. vanligt att två, tre eller fler författare for Bacon från 1941. I den före- skrev en pjäs tillsammans. Likaså kommer inte bara William Shake- DÄREMOT STÄMMER DET ATT DET inte dribblande man gärna med årtal och speare utan också en lady Viola som fanns några skådespelerskor i Eng- historiska fakta för att få till en klär ut sig till man för att bli skåde- land. Alla roller som unga kvinnor bättre intrig. Även om det hade varit spelare. spelades av halvvuxna pojkar som roligt att se William läsa åtminstone Text: Kent Hägglund ännu inte hade kommit in i mål- brottet. Varje trupp hade tre-fyra ynglingar anställda. De knöts till truppen i 10-12-årsåldern och kunde bli mycket duktiga. Engelska rese- närer i Italien skrev brev hem att såväl teatrarna som skådespelarnas kostymer var torftigare än i London, men att skådespelerskorna spelade kvinnor lika bra som de engelska pojkaktörerna! Det var inte bara i Italien som kvinnor kunde stå på scen utan även i Frankrike och Spanien. I England dröjde det till 1660. ETT SKÄMT ÄR DET NÄR W ILLIAM i början av filmen har en souvenir- mugg från sin födelsestad Stratford- upon-Avon. Likaså att han prövar olika varianter av hur han ska skriva sitt namn. I de sex namnteckningar- na som finns bevarade efter den Gwyneth Paltrow och Joseph Fiennes i filmen Shakespeare in Love www.shakespearesallskapet.se - 23 - SHAKESPEARE.
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