The BDS Movement: Why Israel?
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Alex Feuerherdt The BDSMovement: Why Israel? The BDSMovement – Past and Present The BDS movement is currentlythe most active and best known anti-Israel asso- ciation. The abbreviation “BDS” stands for “Boycott, Divestment,and Sanc- tions.” Officially,the movement was founded in July 2005 by more than 170or- ganizations,supposedlyrepresenting the Palestinian civil society.Atleast,this is how the BDSmovement likes to tell the story.¹ Since 2005,BDS has gained many supporters,evenoutside the Palestinian territories, among them celebrities like South African archbishop Desmond Tutu, Britishfilm director KenLoach,Amer- ican philosopher Judith Butler, and ex-Pink Floydsinger Roger Waters.The BDS movement perceivesand describes Israel as an “Apartheid state,” like South Af- rica previously, and calls for acomprehensive economic, political,academic, and artistic boycott,aswell as for awithdrawal of investments, an embargo, and coercive measures.Thus, it targets the Jewish state as awhole. It is headed by Omar Barghouti,who, albeit having studied at TelAvivUniversity, accuses Is- rael of “Apartheid,”² “Nazi practices,”³ and “ethnic cleansing.”⁴ He categorically rejects atwo-state solution and maintains thatany dialogue with Israeliswould be “unethical” and “dangerous.” Another well-known BDS activist is Lebanese-American professor of politics As’ad AbuKhalil, who in 2012 said: The real aim of BDS is to bringdown the stateofIsrael. […]That should be stated as an unambiguous goal. Thereshould not be anyequivocation on the subject.Justiceand free- dom for the Palestiniansare incompatible with the existenceofthe stateofIsrael.⁵ Cf. “Palestinian Civil SocietyCall for BDS,” BDS Movement,issued July 9, 2005,accessed April 1, 2020,https://bdsmovement.net/call. O. Barghouti, “BesiegingIsrael’sSiege,” TheGuardian,August 12, 2010,https://www.the guardian.com/commentisfree/2010/aug/12/besieging-israel-siege-palestinian-boycott. O. Barghouti, “‘The Pianist’ of Palestine,” countercurrents.org, issued November 30,2004,ac- cessed April 1, 2020,https://www.countercurrents.org/pa-barghouti301104.htm. O. Barghouti, “No StateHas the Right to Exist as aRacist State,” interview by S. Cattori, Vol- tairenet.org,December 7, 2007,http://www.voltairenet.org/article153536.html. A. AbuKhalil, “ACritique of Norman Finkelstein on BDS,” Al-Akhbar English,issued Febru- ary 17,2012,accessed October 3, 2018, http://english.al-akhbar.com/blogs/angry-corner/critique- norman-finkelstein-bds [no longer available]. OpenAccess. ©2021Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer,Dina Porat, LawrenceH.Schiffmann, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110671964-018 308 Alex Feuerherdt Palestinian-American writer Ahmed Moor,another leading figure of the BDS movement,wrotein2010: BDS does mean the end of the Jewish state. […]Iview the BDS movement as along-term project with radicallytransformative potential. […]Inother words, BDS is not another step on the waytothe final showdown; BDS is The Final Showdown.⁶ Activists and supporters of the BDSmovement regularlygopublic with bold and eye-catchingcampaigns. Every year,for instance, they organizeaso-called “Is- raeli Apartheid Week” in more than fifty cities, especiallyacross the United States,Canada,the UK, and South Africa, featuring numerous rallies and on- campus events. Especiallyoncampuses in the United Statesand the UK, this is not the onlytime of the year thatBDS activists make theirpresencefelt.In 2010 for example, the Universityand CollegeUnion (UCU), which is the largest further and higher education union in the UK, votedto“sever all relations” with Histadrut,which represents the majority of trade unionists in the State of Israel. The cited reason was that Histadrut had “supported the Israeli assault on civilians in Gaza in January 2009,and thereforedid not deservethe name of atrade union organization.”⁷ AlreadyinMay 2007,UCU decided to boycottall academic institutions in Is- rael.⁸ And BDS did not stop at this point: In avery aggressive manner,student BDS activists have called for the termination of all cooperation between their re- spective universities and their Israeli counterparts. They try to prevent Israeli sci- entists from lecturing.Iftheir attempts are not successful, they heckle and mas- sively disturb the lectures.Their goal is to obstruct anydialogue with Israeli scientists. This way, they turn these individuals into mere pieces of acollective to which they assign collective guilt.They don’tjudge these scholars by what they do but from wherethey come. This is evidence of antisemitic and racist thinking. A. Moor, “BDS is aLong Term Project with RadicallyTransformative Potential,” Mondoweiss, issued April 22, 2010,accessed April 1, 2020,https://mondoweiss.net/2010/04/bds-is-a-long- term-project-with-radically-transformative-potential/. “UCU Congress votestosever relations with Israeli Histadrut Boycott process will be initiated for college in West Bank settlement,” Palestinian Campaign for the Academic &Cultural Boycott of Israel (PACBI), issued May31, 2010,accessed April 1, 2020,http://pacbi.org/pacbi140812/?p= 1249. Cf. J. Meikle, “Lecturers Vote for Boycott of Israeli Universities,” TheGuardian,May 31, 2007, https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/may/31/highereducation.israel. The BDSMovement: Why Israel? 309 The BDS movement also takes aim at culture. This goes beyond Roger Wa- ters;musicians like ElvisCostello⁹ and Brian Eno cancelled concerts or called on their fellow musicians not to perform in Israel.¹⁰ Some artists even opt against selling anyrecords in Israel. Americanwriter Alice Walker went as far as to re- fuse to let her prize-winning novel TheColor Purple be translated into Hebrew.¹¹ Musicians likeCarlos Santana¹² and Nick Cave¹³ who resist the pressurefor a boycott and decidetoperform in the Jewish state are bullied by the BDSmove- ment; the movement uses online campaigns, furious appeals,and protest rallies against these concerts to put pressureonthem. Everyone who does not explicitly support the goals of the BDSmovement is automaticallyseen as apolitical foe. Here, too, the principle of collective liability is appliedand especiallyapparent in the case of Alice Walker:Whoever speaksHebrew is pronounced guilty. As the BDS movement declaresinits statements,the supposedresultofall these efforts is the following:Israel “ends its occupation and colonization of all Arab lands” and “respects,protects and promotesthe rights of Palestinian refu- gees to return to theirhomes and properties.”¹⁴ What is innocentlycouched in the languageofhuman rights is nothing less than the dismantlement of the Jew- ish state. That the BDS movement fails to saywhich parts of “Arab land” it con- siders to be under colonization—just the West Bank or perhaps the entire land of Israel?—is no lapse but adeliberate decision. While hypotheticallyleaving the door open for atwo-state solution, the messageisdesigned to resonatewith those who want to “liberate all of Palestine,” meaning aNo-State-of-Israel solu- tion. Cf. V. Dodd and R. McCarthy, “Elvis Costello cancels concerts in Israel in protest at treatment of Palestinians,” TheGuardian,May 18, 2010,https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/may/ 18/elvis-costello-cancels-israel-concerts. Cf. S. Harmon, “Brian Eno and RogerWaters Scorn Nick Cave’s ‘Principled Stand’ to Play in Israel,” TheGuardian,November 22, 2017,https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/nov/22/ brian-eno-and-roger-waters-scorn-nick-caves-principled-stand-to-play-in-israel. Cf. A. Flood, “AliceWalkerDeclines Request to Publish Israeli Edition of The Color Purple,” TheGuardian,June 20,2012,https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/jun/20/alice-walker-de clines-israeli-color-purple. Cf. N. Barrows-Friedman, “WhyisCarlos Santana refusing to honor Israel boycott call?” Elec- tronic Intifada,June 29,2016,https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/nora-barrows-friedman/why- carlos-santana-refusing-honor-israel-boycott-call. Cf. R. Reed, “RogerWaters, Brian Eno Criticize Nick Cave for Israel Concerts,” Rolling Stone, November 20,2017, https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/roger-waters-brian-eno- criticize-nick-cave-for-israel-concerts-128927/. “Palestinian Civil Society Call for BDS,” BDS Movement. 310 Alex Feuerherdt The “right of return” on which the Palestinian “refugees” insist is not just based on ideological but also on strategic considerations: Since the refugeesta- tus of the Palestinians is inherited by descendants,the number of “refugees” has ballooned from an initial 700,000 to currentlyfivemillion. Most of these people have never livedinIsrael. Their “return” would turn Israel’sJews into aminority at the mercyofthe Arab majority.For these reasons,evenAmerican political scholarNorman Finkelstein—otherwise afervent “anti-Zionist”—has sought to distance himself sharplyfrom the BDS movement.InFebruary 2012,hesaid in an interview: They don’twant Israel. They think they’re beingvery clever.They call it their threetiers: We want the end of the occupation, we want the right of return, and we want equal rights for ArabsinIsrael. And they think they arevery clever,because they know the result of imple- mentingall threeiswhat?What’sthe result?You know and Iknow what’sthe result:there’s no Israel.¹⁵ The BDS campaigns are an integralpart of the battle against the Jewishstate, which is fought on different fronts and with different weapons: by means of ter- rorist attacks, bombs, and rockets