NIS IA PROFILE As of : December 2015 Region: 3 IMO: BANE IMO
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Water Quality in Pampanga River Along Barangay Buas in Candaba, Pampanga
Presented at the DLSU Research Congress 2015 De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines March 2-4, 2015 Water Quality in Pampanga River Along Barangay Buas in Candaba, Pampanga Carolyn Arbotante, Jennifer Bandao, Agnes De Leon, Camela De Leon, Zenaida Janairo, Jill Lapuz, Ninez Bernardine Manaloto, Anabel Nacpil and Fritzie Salunga Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Angeles University Foundation Mac Arthur Highway, 2009 Angeles City, Philippines *[email protected] Abstract: Pampanga River traverses the provinces of Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Bulacan and is the second largest river in the whole of Luzon with a total length of 260 kilometers. It divides into small branches that empty to several fishponds especially in the town of Candaba. This study aimed to initially identify the physico- chemical characteristics of the river using some parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrates, and phosphates. Dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature were measured using DO meter, pH meter, and thermometer. Chemical tests were done on site using test kits from Aquarium Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (API). It was found that ammonia and phosphate concentrations exceeded the maximum value required by the DAO 34 -Water Quality Standard for Class C Water. The DO concentration was below the minimum requirements for river water. Key Words: Candaba; Pampanga; River Water; Community 1. INTRODUCTION the barangay is directly connected to one side of the river and houses are built along the river bank. The Pampanga River with a total length of 260 town is more of a residential area with big factories kilometers, is the second largest river in the whole of not yet locally taking advantage of the river. -
Province, City, Municipality Total and Barangay Population AURORA
2010 Census of Population and Housing Aurora Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010 Province, City, Municipality Total and Barangay Population AURORA 201,233 BALER (Capital) 36,010 Barangay I (Pob.) 717 Barangay II (Pob.) 374 Barangay III (Pob.) 434 Barangay IV (Pob.) 389 Barangay V (Pob.) 1,662 Buhangin 5,057 Calabuanan 3,221 Obligacion 1,135 Pingit 4,989 Reserva 4,064 Sabang 4,829 Suclayin 5,923 Zabali 3,216 CASIGURAN 23,865 Barangay 1 (Pob.) 799 Barangay 2 (Pob.) 665 Barangay 3 (Pob.) 257 Barangay 4 (Pob.) 302 Barangay 5 (Pob.) 432 Barangay 6 (Pob.) 310 Barangay 7 (Pob.) 278 Barangay 8 (Pob.) 601 Calabgan 496 Calangcuasan 1,099 Calantas 1,799 Culat 630 Dibet 971 Esperanza 458 Lual 1,482 Marikit 609 Tabas 1,007 Tinib 765 National Statistics Office 1 2010 Census of Population and Housing Aurora Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010 Province, City, Municipality Total and Barangay Population Bianuan 3,440 Cozo 1,618 Dibacong 2,374 Ditinagyan 587 Esteves 1,786 San Ildefonso 1,100 DILASAG 15,683 Diagyan 2,537 Dicabasan 677 Dilaguidi 1,015 Dimaseset 1,408 Diniog 2,331 Lawang 379 Maligaya (Pob.) 1,801 Manggitahan 1,760 Masagana (Pob.) 1,822 Ura 712 Esperanza 1,241 DINALUNGAN 10,988 Abuleg 1,190 Zone I (Pob.) 1,866 Zone II (Pob.) 1,653 Nipoo (Bulo) 896 Dibaraybay 1,283 Ditawini 686 Mapalad 812 Paleg 971 Simbahan 1,631 DINGALAN 23,554 Aplaya 1,619 Butas Na Bato 813 Cabog (Matawe) 3,090 Caragsacan 2,729 National Statistics Office 2 2010 Census of Population and -
Department of Public Works and Highways
Department of Public Works and Highways Contract ID: 19CC0092 Contract Name: Package IV-2019 Construction of multi-purpose building Tiaong NHS Pulonggubat & Construction (Completion) of multi-purpose building Tiaong ES Location of the Contract: Guiguinto & Baliuag, Bulacan --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTRACT AGREEMENT KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS: This CONTRACT AGREEMENT , made this _____20th________ of _____June___________, _ 2019_, by and between: The GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES through the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Bulacan First District Engineering Office represented herein by LORETA M. MALALUAN , duly authorized for this purpose, with main office address at Tikay, City of Malolos, Bulacan, hereinafter referred to as the “PROCURING ENTITY”; -and- ESN CONSTRUCTION AND TRADING , a single proprietorship organized and existing under and by virtue of laws of the Republic of the Philippines, with main office address at BrgyCity of Malolos, Bulacan , represented herein by ESPERANZA L. SADIE, duly authorized for this purpose, hereinafter referred to as the “CONTRACTOR;” WITNESSETH: WHEREAS , the PROCURING ENTITY is desirous that the CONTRACTOR execute the Works under Contract ID 19CC0092 - Package IV-2019 Construction of multi-purpose building Tiaong NHS Pulonggubat & Construction (Completion) of multi-purpose building Tiaong ES Guiguinto & Baliuag, Bulacan , hereinafter called the “Works ,” and the PROCURING ENTITY has accepted the Calculated Bid of the CONTRACTOR for the execution and completion of the Works at the calculated unit bid prices shown in the attached Bill of Quantities, or a total Contract price of Two Million Five Hundred Forty Four Thousand Seven Hundred Eighty Pesos and 80/100 (P2,544,780.80). NOW, THEREFORE , for and consideration of the foregoing premises, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. -
THIRTEENTH CONGRESS Third Regular Session ) of the REPUBLIC of the PHILIPPINES ) SENATE P. S. Res. No. INTRODUCED by the HONORAB
THIRTEENTH CONGRESS 1 OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) Third Regular Session ) SENATE P. S. Res. No. 63.1' INTRODUCED BY THE HONORABLE MAR ROXAS A RESOLUTION DIRECTING THE SENATE COMMITTEES ON ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, PUBLIC WORKS, AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENT, TOURISM AND ENERGY TO CONDUCT AN INQUIRY, IN AID OF LEGISLATION, ON THE ECONOMIC USE AND ALLOCATION OF WATER RESOURCES BETWEEN EQUALLY RELEVANT SECTORS BY PARTICULARLY LOOKING INTO THE ANGAT DAM WATER PROJECT WHEREAS, Section 1 of Article XI1 on National Economy and Patrimony of the Constitution expressly provides that the goals of the national economy are a more equitable distribution of opportunities, income and wealth; WHEREAS, Section 2 of Article XI1 on National Economy and Patrimony of the Constitution expressly provides, inter alia, that all waters of the Philippines belong to the State; WHEREAS, the legal framework which defines and sets out economic polices in the use of water resources are severely fragmented, spread across different government tiers and a number of national government agencies due to the enactment of several regulatory laws which includes notably, the MWSS Law, the Provincial Water Utilities Act, the Water Code of the Philippines, the NWRB Act, the Local Government Code, among others. WHEREAS, as a result of this fragmentation, there is lack of a clear, coherent policy and a rational regulative framework on the use and allocation of our country's scant water resources and reservoirs which have further exacerbated the debate among governmental and private institutions -
P a G a S a Pampanga River Basin River Basin Flood Forecasting and Warning Center:Etc DMGC, Brgy
Republic of the Philippines Department of Science and Technology PHILIPPINE ATMOSPHERIC, GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION P A G A S A Pampanga River Basin River Basin Flood Forecasting and Warning Center:etc DMGC, Brgy. Maimpis, San Fernando City, Pampanga http://prffwc.synthasite.com Contacts: (045) 455-1701 / 09993366416 / [email protected] FLOOD BULLETIN NO. 4 EXPECTED FLOOD P = POSSIBLE O = OCCUR PAMPANGA RIVER BASIN SITUATION T = THREATENING F = PERSIST ISSUED AT 5:00 PM, 21 JULY 2018 VALID UNTIL THE NEXT ISSUANCE AT 5:00 AM TOMORROW UNLESS THERE IS AN ITERMEDIATE BULLETIN AVERAGE BASIN RAINFALL PAST 24-HRS ENDING AT 4:00 PM TODAY: 67 MM FORECAST 24-HRS: 30 TO 50 MM EXPECTED BASIN RESPONSE WATER LEVEL / RIVER/LAKE/SWAMP TREND AT FLOOD SITUATION LOW-LYING AREAS LIKELY TO BE RAINGAUGE STATION STATION MESSAGE AFFECTED NOW AT 7.37 M. / SLOW RISE ABOVE FLOODING IS STILL ARAYAT STATION, 6.0 M. ALARM WL TO CONTINUE BUT CABIAO, ARAYAT, CANDABA, SAN LUIS, SAN THREATENING UNTIL PAMPANGA RIVER TO REMAIN BELOW 8.5 M CRITICAL SIMON AND APALIT TOMORROW MORNING WL BY EARLY TOMORROW CANDABA, SAN MIGUEL (W/IN SWAMP NOW AT 5.0 M. / TO CONTINUE TO FLOODING TO OCCUR AREA), SAN ILDEFONSO (W/IN SWAMP CANDABA STATION, SLOW FILLING-UP OF SWAMP WL TO THIS AFTERNOON AND AREA), SAN LUIS, SAN SIMON, APALIT, CANDABA SWAMP REACH ABOVE 5.0 M. CRITICAL WL WILL PERSIST FOR CALUMPIT, PULILAN, BALIUAG AND SAN BEGINNING THIS AFTERNOON SEVERAL DAYS RAFAEL NOW AT 4.35 M. / SLOW RISE ABOVE ZARAGOZA STATION, 2.5 M. -
No. Area Municipality Address
NO. AREA MUNICIPALITY ADDRESS 1 MNM BULACAN KM 23 NLEX, MARILAO BULACAN 2 MNM BULACAN NORTH LUZON TOLLWAYS, SOUTHBOUND BOCAUE, BULACAN 3 MNM BULACAN BGY MALAMIG BUSTOS, BULACAN 4 MNM BULACAN 48 NORTHERN HILLS, MALHACAN, MEYCAUAYAN, BULACAN 5 MNM BULACAN KM 42 NLEX, NORTHBOUND LANE, PLARID BULACAN 6 MNM BULACAN MAHARLIKA HIGHWAY, GALA-MAASIM, SAN BULACAN 7 MNM BULACAN PUROK 1 MABINI STREET, SANTISSIMA T MALOLOS, BULACAN 8 MNM BULACAN KM 37 BGY CUTCUT, BULIHAN PLARIDEL, BULACAN 9 MNM BULACAN MAHARLIKA HIGHWAY BRGY. SAMPALOC SAN RAFAEL, BULACAN 10 MNM BULACAN VILLARAMA ST., POBLACION NORZAGARAY, BULACAN 11 MNM BULACAN BRGY. TAAL DRT HIGHWAY PULILAN BULACAN 12 MNM BULACAN GROTTO, SAN JOSE DEL MONTE BULACAN 13 MNM BULACAN 595 McARTHUR HIGHWAY, BO. TUKTUKAN GUIGUINTO, BULACAN 14 MNM BULACAN BO. TURO, BOCAUE BULACAN 15 MNM BULACAN DIVERSION ROAD (BY PASS), STA. CLAR STA. MARIA, BULACAN 16 MNM BULACAN DULONG BAYAN, STA. MARIA BULACAN 17 MNM BULACAN 101 MCARTHUR HIGHWAY BULACAN 18 NCR CALOOCAN C-3 ROAD, DAGAT-DAGATAN CALOOCAN CITY 19 NCR CALOOCAN B. SERRANO ST. COR 11TH AVE CALOOCAN CITY 20 NCR CALOOCAN GEN. LUIS CORNER P. DELA CRUZ STS. KALOOKAN CITY 21 NCR CALOOCAN ZABARTE ROAD, BRGY. CAMARIN, NORTH CALOOCAN, KALOOKAN CITY 22 NCR CALOOCAN TULLAHAN ROAD, ST. QUITERIA CALOOCAN CITY 23 NCR CALOOCAN 486 EDSA CORNER A DE JESUS ST., CALOOCAN 24 NCR LAS PINAS LOT 2A DAANG HARI CORNER DAANG REYN LAS PINAS 25 NCR LAS PINAS C5 EXT. COR. S. MARQUEZ ST. MANUYO TALON, LAS PINAS 26 NCR LAS PINAS 269 REAL ST. PAMPLONA LAS PINAS 27 NCR LAS PINAS C5 EXT. -
Province / District / Municipality / Station
Republic of the Philippines Department of the Interior and Local Government BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION Regional Office - III Del Pilar, City of San Fernando, Pampanga Telefax No. (045) 963-4378 / & 860-0038 website: www.bfpr3.com BFP R3 UPDATED DIRECTORY AS OF NOVEMBER 2020 PROVINCE / DISTRICT / TELEPHONE / TELEFAX NUMBER PROVINCE / DISTRICT / MUNICIPALITY / MUNICIPALITY / STATION / SUB- DEDICATED 911 HOTLINE EMAIL ADDRESS OFFICE ADDRESS and MOBILE NUMBER STATION / SUB-STATION COMMANDER TATION BULACAN Capitol Compound, Brgy. Guinhawa, OPFD BULACAN (044)-794-7157 / 0923-089-8535 SUPT VILMA R TUSCANO 0916-704-8032 [email protected] Malolos, Bulacan Municipal Compound, Brgy. San Angat FS (044) 308-1421 SFO3 Dennis S Baybay 0915-055-7981 [email protected] Roque, Angat, Bulacan Brgy. Longos, Municipality of Balagtas FS (044) 308-2439 FSINSP DIANNE ROSELLE G TAMAYO 0966-341-5105 [email protected] Balagtas, Bulacan Baliwag FS (044) 764-7658 SINSP REINA ATHENA T DELA CRUZ 0906-076-0702 [email protected] Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan Nepomuceno Street, Brgy. Bocaue FS (044) 244-6332 / 0917-532-4400 INSP ALEJANDRO M GENAVIA 0917-804-4722 [email protected] Lolomboy, Bocaue, Bulacan Bulakan FS (044) 792-1407 / 0917-548-5270 SINSP HERMINIO R SABINO 0945-107-0788 [email protected] Brgy. San Jose, Bulakan, Bulacan BMA Compound, Brgy Poblacion, Bustos FS (044) 617-1066 INSP FRANCIS D ROSALES 0927-707-3593 [email protected] Bustos, Bulacan Municipal Compound, Brgy. Calumpit FS (044) 913-7289 / 0923-585-8070 INSP ROGELIO M ISAAC 0955-589-6871 [email protected] Balungao, Calumpit, Bulacan Cloverleaf Sta. Cruz, Guiguinto, Guiguinto FS 0932-236-4408 INSP JUNE MARCELINO L ISIP 0945-529-8741 [email protected] Bulacan Hagonoy FS (044) 793-2018 SFO4 Ervin M Agustin 0915-029-5184 [email protected] Brgy. -
List of Existing Power Plants (Grid-Connected)
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY LIST OF EXISTINGLIST OF PLANTSEXISTING POWER PLANTS (GRID-CONNECTED) AS OF DECEMBER 2020 LUZON GRID FIT DATE COMMISSIONED/ POWER PLANT CAPACITY, MW NUMBER LOCATION OWNER TYPE OF REGION OPERATOR OWNER / IPPA APPROVED COMMERCIAL FACILITY NAME SUBTYPE INSTALLED DEPENDABLE OF UNITS MUNICIPALITY/ PROVINCE TYPE CONTRACT (for RE) OPERATION GRID-CONNECTED 16,513.0 14,989.0 COAL 7,140.5 6,754.9 Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) ANDA 83.7 72.0 1 Mabalacat, Pampanga 3 Anda Power Corporation Anda Power Corporation NON-NPC/IPP Sep-2016 Coal APEC Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 52.0 46.0 1 Mabalacat, Pampanga 3 Asia Pacific Energy Corporation Asia Pacific Energy Corporation NON-NPC/IPP Jul-2006 CALACA U1 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 300.0 230.0 1 Calaca, Batangas 4-A SEM-Calaca Power Corporation SEM-Calaca Power Corporation NON-NPC/IPP Sep-1984 CALACA U2 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 300.0 300.0 1 Calaca, Batangas 4-A (SCPC) (SCPC) MARIVELES U1 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 345.0 316.0 1 Mariveles, Bataan 3 GNPower Mariveles Energy GNPower Mariveles Energy Center NON-NPC/IPP May-2013 MARIVELES U2 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 345.0 316.0 1 Mariveles, Bataan 3 Center Ltd.Co Ltd.Co MASINLOC U1 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 330.0 315.0 1 Masinloc, Zambales 3 Masinloc Power Partners Co. Ltd. Masinloc Power Partners Co. Ltd. NON-NPC/IPP Jun-1998 MASINLOC U2 Pulvurized Sub Critical Coal 344.0 344.0 1 Masinloc, Zambales 3 (MPPCL) (MPPCL) Masinloc Power Partners Co. Masinloc Power Partners Co. MASINLOC U3 Super Critical Coal 351.8 335.0 1 Masinloc, Zambales 3 NON-NPC/IPP Dec-2020 Ltd. -
Cynthia Bernarte Sangcap
CYNTHIA BERNARTE SANGCAP Address: Hor Al Anz, Deira, Dubai, UAE Contact Number: +971586396623 E-mail Address: [email protected] [email protected] CAREER OBJECTIVE Detailed-oriented Civil Engineer with proven experience in monitoring implementation of various field works and an excitement in solving complex problem. Aspires to be part of an institution where my skills will be honed and broaden my knowledge. Hardworking individual dedicated to develop my skills in estimating materials and planning. TECHNICAL SKILLS AutoCAD o 2D and 3D Microsoft Office o Word o Excel o Powerpoint PERSONAL SKILLS Dedicated and hardworking individual Enthusiastic and honest Motivated and flexible individual Willing to try new things and interested in improving efficiency in assigned task WORK EXPERIENCE CIVIL ENGINEER / FIELD ENGINEER Armoland Estate Corp. December 2017 – December 2018 Monitored and assisted in implementation of field works such as architectural and structural finishes. Performed AutoCAD and creative materials for detailing. Provide administrative support for estimation of various materials needed for construction jobs. CIVIL ENGINEERING INTERNSHIP Eddmari Construction and Trading April 2016 – June 2016 Observed actual practice of various field works. Practiced proper use of AutoCAD for details. LICENSE CIVIL ENGINEER November 2017, Philippines EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND Degree : Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering Tertiary : Baliuag University, Gil Carlos Street, San Jose, Baliwag, Bulacan (2012 – 2017) Secondary : Talang -
List of Properties for Sale As of February 29, 2020
Consumer Asset Sale Asset Disposition Division Asset Management and Remedial Group List of Properties for Sale as of February 29, 2020 PROP. CLASS / TITLE NOS LOCATION LOT FLOOR INDICATIVE ACCOUNT NOS USED AREA AREA PRICE (PHP) METRO MANILA KALOOKAN CITY 10001000011554 Residential- 001-2014004122 Lot 9 Blk 11 St. Mary St. 174 65 2,501,000.00 House & Lot Altezza Subd. Nova Romania Subd. Brgy Bagumbong, Kalookan City 10001000012916 Residential- 001-2018002058 Blk 2 Lot 44 Everlasting St. 108 53 2,024,000.00 House & Lot Alora Subd. (Nova Romania- Camella) Brgy. Bagumbong, Kalookan City QUEZON CITY 10001000011904 Residential- 004-2015003214 Lot 13-E Blk 1 (interior) Salvia 53 89 1,857,000.00 House & Lot St. brgy Kaligayahan Novaliches, Quezon City MANILA CITY 10001000009823 Residential - 002-2014012057 Unit Ab-1015, 10Th Floor, El n/a 29 1,845,000.00 Condominium Pueblo Manila Condominium, Building Annex B, Anonas Street, Sta. Mesa, Manila 10001000009701 Residential - 002- Unit 820, Illumina Residences n/a 70.5 4,208,000.00 Condominium 2014002439/002 - Illumina Tower, V.Mapa Cor. - P.Sanchez Sts., Sta.Mesa, 2013009279/002 Manila -2013009280 10001000009700 Residential - 002-2014001621 No. 14, Jonathan Street, 114 168 2,950,000.00 House & Lot District Of Tondo, Manila City MARIKINA CITY 10751000000088 Residential- 009-2016004988 Lot 6-B Blk 7 Tanguile St. La 76 100 3,144,000.00 House & Lot Colina Subd. Brgy Fortune Marikina City VALENZUELA CITY 10001000011757 Residential- V-106585 Blk 5 lot 31 Grande Vita 44 46 1,018,000.00 House & Lot Phase 1 (Camella Homes) Brgy. Bignay, Valenzuela City 10001000001753 Residential - V-80135 Lot 28 Block 3, No.2 227 210 2,214,000.00 House & Lot Thanksgiving Cor. -
Network Governance Towards Sustainable Tourism: Options for the Lower Angat River Basin, Bulacan Province, Philippines
NETWORK GOVERNANCE TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: OPTIONS FOR THE LOWER ANGAT RIVER BASIN, BULACAN PROVINCE, PHILIPPINES by HSUAN-JU (ROSA) SHIH B.E.S., The University of Waterloo, 2011 A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS (PLANNING) in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES School of Community and Regional Planning We accept this project as conforming to the required standard ...................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA November 2013 © Hsuan-Ju (Rosa) Shih, 2013 ABSTRACT Tourism is regarded as one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the world, with visitor arrivals exceeding the one billion mark for the first time in 2012. The impacts of rapid tourism development, particularly in the developing world, are well documented. Since the 1970s, studies began to critically study the negative costs of tourism on the socio-cultural and biophysical environments on which it depends. These criticisms have led to the integration of sustainability approaches in tourism planning and development. In the past decade, there has been growing interest in the study of governance as a key component of sustainable tourism development. This professional project explores the potential implications of collaborative network governance to tourism development in the case study province of Bulacan in Central Luzon, Philippines. Among the tourism research that has emerged in recent decades, collaborative network governance is seen as a means to ameliorate the fragmented nature of tourism development and provide a structure for problem solving through the understanding of common goals and interests towards sustainable tourism. This preliminary study of Bulacan Province is based on a review of network governance typologies and collaborative governance as defined by Ansell and Gash (2008). -
DREAM Ground Surveys for Pampanga River
© University of the Philippines and the Department of Science and Technology 2015 Published by the UP Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry (TCAGP) College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 PHILIPPINES This research work is supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Grants- in-Aid Program and is to be cited as: UP TCAGP (2015), DREAM Ground Survey for Pampanga River, Disaster Risk and Exposure Assessment for Mitigation (DREAM) Program, DOST Grants-In-Aid Program, 75 pp. The text of this information may be copied and distributed for research and educational purposes with proper acknowledgment. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of this publication, the UP TCAGP disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) and costs which might incur as a result of the materials in this publication being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason. For questions/queries regarding this report, contact: Engr. Louie P. Balicanta, MAURP Project Leader, Data Validation Component, DREAM Program University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City, Philippines 1101 Email: [email protected] Enrico C. Paringit. Dr. Eng. Program Leader, DREAM Program University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City, Philippines 1101 E-mail: [email protected] National Library of the Philippines ISBN: 978-971-9695-51-6 Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................