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Collembola, Paronellidae) G Model RBE 79 1–9 ARTICLE IN PRESS Revista Brasileira de Entomologia xxx (2016) xxx–xxx 1 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE 2 Entomologia A Journal on Insect Diversity and Evolution w ww.rbentomologia.com Systematics, Morphology and Biogeography 3 Two new species of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola, Paronellidae) 4 with rectangular mucro from South America a,∗ b 5 Q1 Fábio Gonc¸ alves de Lima Oliveira , Nikolas Gioia Cipola a 6 Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 7 SP, Brazil b 8 Laboratório de Sistemática e Ecologia de Invertebrados do Solo, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil 9 a b s t r a c t 10 a r t i c l e i n f o 11 12 Article history: Two new species of Salina, S. maculiflora sp. nov. from Brazil and S. colombiana sp. nov. from Colombia are 13 Received 27 July 2015 described and illustrated. The complete dorsal chaetotaxy, including the specialized chaetae (S-chaeta), 14 Accepted 3 January 2016 is studied in these new species. Comparisons based on the chaetotaxy of the basomedian field, abdomen 15 Available online xxx II, and mucro shape are made between species from groups beta, celebensis, and borneensis. This is the first 16 Associate Editor: Daniela Maeda Takiya record of Salina with rectangular mucro (beta group) in South America and a key to the seven Nearctic 17 and Neotropical species is provided. 18 Keywords: © 2016 Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. on behalf of Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. This is an 19 Chaetotaxy 20 Cremastocephalini open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license 21 Neotropics (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 22 Species group 23 S-chaeta 24 Introduction United States, S. ventricolor Gruia, 1983 from Cuba, S. wolcotti 46 Folsom, 1927 from Puerto Rico, and S. bidentata (Handschin, 1927) 47 25 Salina MacGillivray is a genus of paronellids with currently 71 and S. thibaudi Soto-Adames, 2010 from Costa Rica. None of them is 48 26 nominal species widely distributed in America, Africa, and south recorded from South America (Soto-Adames, 2010; Bellinger et al., 49 27 Asia (Bellinger et al., 2015). Salina species resemble other genera of 2015). 50 28 Cremastocephalini (sensu Mitra, 1993), such as Akabosia Kinoshita, Herein, we describe two new species of Salina with rectangu- 51 29 1919, by the absence of scales, dorsal chaetotaxy and dens with one lar mucro from South America, providing detailed information on 52 30 spatulated and enlarged distal appendix (Szeptycki, 1979; Mitra, dorsal chaetotaxy and an identification key for Salina beta species 53 31 1993). However, Salina is distinguished from other genera by the group. 54 32 presence of an interocellar macrochaeta and dens not crenulate 33 (Yoshii, 1983; Mitra, 1993; Soto-Adames, 2010). Material and methods 55 34 Based on the shape of the mucro, dental appendage and tergal 35 macrochaetotaxy, Mitra (1973, 1993) proposed two species groups Specimens were preserved in 80% ethanol, clarified with potas- 56 36 within Salina: celebensis and indica. Posteriorly, Yoshii (1981, 1983) sium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 57 37 studied the chaetotaxy of the first two abdominal segments and mounted on glass slides with Hoyer liquid. We followed the pro- 58 38 included the groups beta, borneensis and saikehi alongside celeben- cedures described by Arlé and Mendonc¸ a (1982) and Christiansen 59 39 sis, while excluding the indica group. and Bellinger (1998), respectively. Specimens were photographed 60 40 Soto-Adames (2010) recently reviewed the beta group and pro- in ethanol gel using a stereomicroscope (M165C) attached to 61 41 posed a new diagnosis, mainly characterized by the rectangular a DFC420 digital camera. Photographs were digitally corrected 62 42 mucro with two main teeth and the second abdominal segment using Leica Application Suite V3.4.1. Type material is deposited 63 43 with one external and one central macrochaeta. So far, the beta at the Invertebrate Collection of “Institute Nacional de Pesquisas 64 44 group is exclusively found in the New World and contains five da Amazônia” (INPA), Manaus, Brazil, and “Instituto de Ciencias 65 45 species: Salina beta Christiansen and Bellinger, 1980 from the Naturales” (ICN/UNAL), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 66 Colombia. 67 The system used in the descriptions of the species follows 68 ∗ Soto-Adames (2010), except Mitra and Dallai (1980) for mucro 69 Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (F.G. de Lima Oliveira). description. The labial chaetotaxy follows Fjellberg (1999). 70 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2016.01.002 0085-5626/© 2016 Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. on behalf of Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Please cite this article in press as: de Lima Oliveira, F.G., Cipola, N.G. Two new species of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola, Paronellidae) with rectangular mucro from South America. Rev. Brasil. Entomol. (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2016.01.002 G Model RBE 79 1–9 ARTICLE IN PRESS 2 F.G. de Lima Oliveira, N.G. Cipola / Revista Brasileira de Entomologia xxx (2016) xxx–xxx 71 Nomenclature of the head dorsal chaetotaxy follows the AMS I with 4 + 4 dorsal mac.; dorsal base with 5 + 5 to 6 + 6 sensillae- 114 72 system of genera Entomobrya, Rondani 1861, Seira Lubbock, like smooth mic. and ventral base with 12 + 12 (Figs. 5 and 6). Four 115 73 1870 and Trogolaphysa Mills, 1938 (Jordana and Baquero, prelabral ciliated chaetae and 14 labral smooth chaetae (4/5/5), four 116 74 2005; Soto-Adames, 2008; Soto-Adames and Taylor, 2013), anterior (a1-2), a1 spine-like; five median (m0-2), and five poste- 117 75 body follows Szeptycki (1979) based on the genus Akabosia, rior (p0-2) (Figs. 7 and 8). Labial palp with five smooth proximal 118 76 and tergal specialized chaetae (S-chaeta) of Entomobryidae chaetae and six papillae (A-E and H), A and C simple, H with two 119 77 according to Zhang and Deharveng (2015). Chaetae of uncertain smooth guard appendages (h1-2), B with five (a1, b1-4), D with 120 78 homology are followed by a question mark (?). Abbreviations three (d1-2 and d4), and E with lateral process (l.p.) smaller than 121 79 used in the text: Abd. = abdominal segment, Ant. = antennal the papilla and two smooth guard appendages (e1-2) (Fig. 9). Maxil- 122 80 segment, Th. = thoracic segment, mac. = macrochaeta(e), lary outer lobe with apical appendage (a.a.) and basal chaeta (b.c.) 123 81 mes. = mesochaeta(e), mic. = microchaeta(e), sens. = sensilla(e). of same length, both smooth, sublobal plate with three internal 124 smooth appendages (Fig. 10). Right mandible (ventral view) with 125 four incisive teeth, left mandible with five teeth; both mandibles 126 82 Results with six stronger molar teeth (Fig. 11). Basolateral and basome- 127 dian field with chaetae A1-5 smooth (A5 thickest), M2, E, L1 and 128 83 Salina maculiflora sp. nov L2 ciliated, r and M1 absent (Fig. 12). Cephalic groove (CG) with 129 8 + 8 chaetae, 5 + 5 ciliated (CG1-3, CG5 and CG7), 1 + 1 smooth 130 84 See Figs. 1–27. (CG8), and 2 + 2 as spine-like mic. (CG4 and CG6); medial postlabial 131 85 Diagnosis. Distinguished by flower-shaped blue spots on Th. III (PLM) with 1 + 1 ciliated chaetae (PLM1); external postlabial (PLE) 132 86 to Abd. IV; dorsal head with chaeta A5; Ant. I dorsally with 4 mac.; with 4 + 4 ciliated chaetae (PLE1-4). Head ventral chaetotaxy as in 133 87 basomedian field with two ciliated chaetae (M2 and E); Th. II to Abd. Fig. 13. 134 88 II respectively with 1 (p2), 4 (p1-3, p5), 2 (m3-4) and 3 (m3, m3e, Thorax dorsal chaetotaxy. Th. II as in Fig. 14; anterior series ‘a’ 135 89 m5,) central mac. per side; Abd. IV without A4 mac.; collophore with 10 + 10 unnamed mac. of anterior collar, one S-microchaeta 136 90 anterior side with 8 + 8 chaetae and posterior side with 3 + 3 chaetae (ms), and one anterolateral sens. (al); medial series ‘m’ with 3 + 3 137 91 (Figs. 1, 3, 5, 12, 14–17, 19, 24, 25). chaetae, m7 as mac., m1 and m2 as mes. present or absent, plus 138 92 Description. Total length of the holotype 1.7 mm. Habitus typ- 1 + 1 unnamed mac. laterally; posterior series ‘p’ with 2 + 2 chaetae, 139 93 ical of paronellids of Cremastocephalini tribe (sensu Mitra, 1993) p2 as mac., p1 as mes. present or absent. Th. III dorsal chaetotaxy 140 94 (Fig. 1). Specimens predominantly pale to light yellow aspect, with as in Fig. 15; series ‘p’ with 6 + 6 mac. (p1-3, p5 and 2 + 2 unnamed 141 95 blue pigment covering the distal region of Ant. II-III, Ant. I base, chaetae), and one anterolateral sens. (al). 142 96 anterior and lateral sides of head; lateral of Th. II to Abd. V; Th. III Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy. Abd. I as in Fig. 16; series ‘m’ 143 97 with 3 + 3 rosette-like blue spots, Abd. I, II and IV with 2 + 2, 4 + 4 with 3 + 3 chaetae, m3 and m4 as mac., m5 as mes., and one 144 98 and 6 + 6 flower-shaped spots, respectively; Abd. III and. IV with S-microchaeta (ms). Abd. II as Fig. 17; series ‘a’ with a5 as bothri- 145 99 blue spots posteriorly.
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