Fighting in the National Hockey League from 19
Antonio Sirianni Dartmouth College The Specialization of Informal Social Control: Fighting in the National Hockey League from 1947-2019 Abstract: Fighting in ice hockey has long been of interest to sociologists of sport and serves as a highly visible and well-documented example of informal social control and peer punishment. Drawing on over 70 years of play-by-play records from the National Hockey League, this paper examines how the ritual of fighting has changed over time in terms of context (when fights happen), distribution (who fights), and patterns of interaction (who fights whom). These changes highlight the subtle transformation of fighting from a duel-like retaliatory act, towards the status-seeking practice of specialized but less-skilled players commonly referred to as “enforcers”. This analysis not only broadens our understanding of ice hockey fighting and violence, but also informs our understanding of the theoretical relationships between specialization, status, and signaling processes, and provides a highly-detailed look at the evolution of a system of informal control and governance. *Earlier versions of this work have been presented at the 2015 Conference for the International Network of Analytical Sociologists in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the 2016 Meeting of the American Sociological Association in Seattle, Washington. The author wishes to thank Benjamin Cornwell, Thomas Davidson, Daniel Della Posta, Josh Alan Kaiser, Sunmin Kim, Michael Macy, and Kimberly Rogers, as well as several anonymous reviewers, for helpful comments and suggestions. 1 Introduction: The sport of ice hockey, particularly at the professional ranks within North America, has long hosted a somewhat peculiar ritual: routine fist fights between members of opposing teams.
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