AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGY LAW NEWS American Psychology-Law Society, Division 41, American Psychological Association Fall 2007 Vol. 27, No. 3 AP-LS Conference Update Hyatt Regency, Jacksonville, Florida, March 5th – March 8th, 2008

After a year without the Division 41 conference, we are excited that the 2008 conference is just around the corner! The 2008 American Psychology-Law Society annual conference will be held at the Hyatt Regency Riverfront in downtown Jacksonville, Florida. Reflecting Jacksonville’s famous bridges, programming at the 2008 conference will not only bridge psychology and law, but also will bring together clinicians and non-clinicians, students and professionals, and individuals from a variety of backgrounds.

All of the conference submissions are currently being reviewed, and the conference website contains all of the most recent information available about the conference (http://www.ap-ls.org/conferences/apls2008/index.html). On the website, you can register for the confer- ence and workshops, reserve your hotel room, view a draft of the conference program (when it becomes available in a few months), read about special sessions, and find out more about the City of Jacksonville. As in the past, the program schedule will include concurrent break-out sessions, poster sessions, a business meeting, the Executive Committee meeting, and several invited addresses.

This year, we will be offering several workshops on Wednesday, March 5th. These workshops are intended for all conference attendees and will focus on statistical, legal, or clinical issues. We are very pleased to announce that Barbara Tabachnick (of Using Multivariate Statistics, by Tabachnick and Fidell) will be teaching a full-day workshop on applications of multivariate statistics. Chris Slobogin will be presenting a full-day workshop for legal professionals on the topic of psychological issues in criminal cases. Thomas Grisso, Al Grudzinskas, and Gina Vincent will present a half-day workshop on the legal and clinical issues related to a juvenile’s competence to stand trial. Finally, Karen Salekin and Greg Olley will be presenting a half-day workshop on the assessment of mental retardation in capital cases (i.e., “Atkins” evaluations). Please see the conference registration form (available on the conference website) for additional details concerning these workshops.

Several other important events are planned for the conference. On Thursday morning, the Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee and the Student Section will be a presenting a special session for graduate students and/or other first-time attendees. In this session, Bette Bottoms and Edie Greene will discuss the conference generally and present some tricks for getting the most out of attending the conference. If this is your first Contents... or second time attending AP-LS (or if you just want some great information about attending the conference), be sure to attend this session and learn from these Presidential Column ...... 2 extremely qualified members. On Friday morning, the Mentoring Committee and the Law and Human Behavior Update ...... 3 Student Section will have their annual Mentoring Breakfast that will allow gradu- Legal Update ...... 6 ate students and beginning professionals to connect with established AP-LS mem- Expert Opinion ...... 9 bers and to learn from the experiences of these mentors. The conference will also Teaching Techniques ...... 12 have two poster sessions with the Dissertation Award winners from 2006 featured Research Briefs ...... 15 at one session and the winners from 2007 featured at the other session. EC Meeting Minutes ...... 23 AP-LS By-laws Revision ...... 27 We are very excited to announce some special programming being planned in Nominations, Awards, & Announcements ...... 32 conjunction with the Minority Affairs Committee. On Saturday, we are hosting Division News and Information ...... 34 several honored guests in the Building Bridges to New Scholars Luncheon. Local Fellowships and Positions ...... 37 college students and advisors from McNair programs and Historically Black Col- Student Section ...... 40 leges and Universities (HBCUs) have been invited to attend the luncheon. They Funding Opportunities...... 41 will hear speakers talk about our discipline and be able to network informally with Conference/Workshop/Grant Planners ...... 43 Continued on p. 5 AP-LS News Presidential Column Editorial Staff An Editorial by Margaret Kovera, Div. 41 President Editor-In-Chief It is with great excitement that I write my Jennifer Groscup, J.D., Ph.D. first Presidential column for the AP-LS The MAC has joined forces with our hard- [email protected] Newsletter. AP-LS has been my profes- working co-chairs for the 2008 AP-LS con- Production/Advertising Editor sional home since graduate school and it ference in Jacksonville (Eve Brank, Dave Michele Galietta, Ph.D. is an overwhelming honor to be chosen DeMatteo, and Kevin O’Neil) to extend our [email protected] to serve such a talented group of indi- diversity efforts to our conference program- viduals for the next year. This coming ming. We are reaching out to faculty and Past Editor-In-Chief year should be an especially dynamic time students at HBCUs within driving distance Barry Rosenfeld, Ph.D. for our organization as all signs indicate of Jacksonville with an invitation to join [email protected] that the renegotiation of the publishing us for the Saturday of the conference. Each contract for our flagship journal, Law and institution will receive free conference reg- Associate Editor, Research Briefs Marc Boccanccini, Ph.D. Human Behavior, will result in a marked istration for a faculty member and up to [email protected] increase in revenue for the society. With ten interested students. Special program- new revenue comes the opportunity to ming is planned for that Saturday, includ- Associate Editor, Legal Update consider expanding our current programs, ing a discussion of the Academy Award Jeremy Blumenthal, J.D., Ph.D. initiating new ones, and maybe even re- winning documentary “Murder on a Sun- [email protected] ducing our member dues! day Morning” which details the events surrounding a trial in which an innocent Associate Editors, Expert Opinion One important initiative that deserves our teenaged African-American defendant was Matthew Huss, Ph.D, M.L.S. continued support and your attention is tried for the murder of a White tourist in [email protected] the ongoing effort to increase the diver- Jacksonville. Assuming all goes as Eric Elbogen, Ph.D. [email protected] sity of our membership, especially its ra- planned, panelists will include some of cial and ethnic diversity. It would be dif- those involved in the trial as well as schol- Website Manager ficult to dispute that race plays an impor- ars who will explore the role that race and Adam Fried, M.A. tant role in our justice system. With a prejudice played in the wrongful accusa- [email protected] diverse membership, we increase the like- tions against this young man. lihood that different perspectives are The American Psychology-Law Society brought to bear on practice and scholar- We will also invite our guests from nearby News is a publication devoted to dissemi- ship in forensic psychology. We are very institutions to a luncheon for them to learn nation of information, news, and com- mentary about psychology, mental lucky to have a strong Minority Affairs more about graduate studies and careers health, and the law. The newsletter is Committee (MAC). Under the leadership in forensic psychology. Speakers will be published three times per year; February of Roslyn Caldwell, the MAC has devel- invited to provide relevant information to 1, June 1, and October 1. Original contri- oped promising programs to attract young the students but an important part of the butions are welcome, and will be pub- minority scholars to graduate study in our experience can be provided by you. We lished subject to editorial approval and field and to support those scholars (and are hoping that many of you will choose to space availability. A limited amount of others from underrepresented groups) spend your Saturday lunch time with these space is also available for advertising and once they begin their studies. Over the guests as we can think of no better method unsolicited manuscripts. past year, the committee’s Ambassador of convincing students to pursue a career Program has successfully sent some of in forensic psychology than providing For information regarding editorial poli- our most esteemed members to visit His- them with the opportunity to interact with cies contact the Editor, Jennifer Groscup, Department of Psychology, John Jay Col- torically Black Colleges and Universities those who are currently in the trenches. lege of Criminal Justice, City University (HBCUs) as well as Hispanic Serving In- Although there will be a fee associated with of New York, New York, NY 10019 or stitutions (HSIs) where they present the attending the event (see, there is no such [email protected]. edu. Advertising in- field of forensic psychology to under- thing as a free lunch), we hope that you quiries should be directed to Michele graduates in an attempt to inspire them to will support our diversity initiative not only Galietta, Production Editor, via e-mail: pursue graduate work in forensic psychol- with your good intentions but also with galietta13@ aol.com. ogy and consequently increase the diver- your wallet. Look for the opportunity to sity of our next generation of researchers sign up for this event when you register Address changes for APA members and practitioners. We will continue the for AP-LS 2008. The success of this pro- should be directed to APA Membership program this year, sending Ambassadors gram is dependent upon you. I hope we Dept., 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC to schools in Texas, Florida, and North can count you. 20002-4242; for non-APA members, stu- Carolina. If you want to assist in this im- dent members, or members-at-large to portant work, I am sure that Roslyn would A new initiative that I will be starting dur- Lynn Peterson, AP-LS Administrative Assistant at [email protected]. love to hear from you ing my Presidency will be the development ([email protected]). Continued on p. 3 Page 2 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Division 41 - American Psychological Association Law and Human Behavior Updates Brian L. Cutler, Editor-in-Chief The attention to “impact factors” as measures of journal quality is Examples of Journals and 2006 Impact Factors (IF) growing. Journal impact factors may be used by authors to de- Journal 2006 IF cide where to submit their manuscripts, by library staff to make Teaching of Psychology .32 purchase decisions, by publishers to market journals, by grant Psychological Reports .36 agencies to decide which proposals to fund, and by review com- Journal of Applied Social Psychology .57 mittees and administrators to evaluate the performance of faculty Journal of Social Psychology .66 members on an annual basis and for re-appointment, promotion Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology .66 and tenure decisions (Walters, 2006). As scholars whose profes- American Journal of Psychology .70 sional and local reputations depend on publication in refereed Rehabilitation Psychology .85 journals, it behooves us to understand impact factors. Here are a Journal of Community Psychology .97 few questions and answers concerning impact factors. Psychology, Crime, & Law 1.02 Applied Cognitive Psychology 1.03 How are impact factors calculated? Behavioral Science & the Law 1.04 The data for computing impact factors (IF) come from Journal Professional Psychology: Research & Practice 1.08 Citation Reports, a product of Thomson Institute for Scientific The Clinical Neuropsychologist 1.28 Information (ISI). Generally speaking, a journal’s IF for a given Memory & Cognition 1.51 year is the ratio of any journal citations to articles published in the Aggression and Violent Behavior 1.60 journal volume in the past two years divided by the total number Child Abuse & Neglect 1.62 of articles published in that journal during that same period. For Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 1.65 example, the 2006 Impact Factor for LHB would be the number of American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1.95 times articles from the LHB 2004 and 2005 volumes were cited in Law and Human Behavior 2.12 any journal in the ISI database divided by the total number of LHB Psychology, Public Policy, & Law 2.16 articles published in 2004 and 2005. Higher impact scores, there- Psychological Assessment 2.44 fore, are regarded as a good thing. ISI also produces other indices Journal of Applied Psychology 2.85 of journal quality such as the “immediacy index” and the “journal Intelligence 2.93 cited half-life. Personally, I would prefer more intuitive and prac- Developmental Psychology 3.56 tical indices, such as “influence toward promotion and tenure,” Health Psychology 3.69 “impact on salary increase,” and “likelihood of being read by oth- Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 4.03 ers beyond the immediate families of the co-authors.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4.22 Journal of Abnormal Psychology 4.37 How do the IFs for Psychology and Law journals com- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 6.18 pare to IFs for other journals? American Psychologist 7.83 The following table displays a (non-random) sample of journals Psychological Review 8.83 and their 2006 IFs. I examine IFs on an annual basis and have Psychological Bulletin 12.73 found that the ranking of IFs roughly correspond to my own sense of the quality of journals. For example, I was not surprised to see How stable are IFs? Psychological Bulletin and Psychological Review at the high end IFs for many journals can be volatile. The following table shows of the distribution and Psychological Reports and Journal of So- LHB’s IF from 1998 to 2006. Note the high level of variability, even cial Psychology near the lower end. I would also expect some from one year to the next (e.g., 2005 to 2006). historically highly reputable APA journals to rise to the top of this list, such as Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Jour- Law and Human Behavior Journal Impact Factor (JIF) by Year nal of Abnormal Psychology, and Journal of Consulting and Clini- Year JIF cal Psychology, and this indeed happens. I sometimes find sur- 2006 2.12 prises as well. I would not, for example, have predicted that the IF 2005 1.14 for Journal of Social Psychology would be equal to (let alone 2004 1.77 slightly higher) than the IF for the Journal of Applied Social Psy- 2003 1.56 chology. In the 2006 data, Psychology and Law journals for which 2002 2.24 IFs were available (I apologize if I overlooked any) were in the 1.0 2001 2.84 to 2.0 range, very respectable but not in the top tier of Psychology 2000 1.86 journals overall. When compared to law journals, Psychology 1999 1.66 and Law journals fared very well in 2006. PPPL, LHB, and BSL 1998 2.31 ranked 17th, 18th, and 22nd, respectively, when comparing IFs for law journals.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 3 Are there limitations to IFs as a measure of journal quality? frequently in the ISI database journals. Psychology and Law Let me summarize two types of limitations associated with IFs. research, for example, may be cited in court decisions or legisla- One set of limitations pertains to the source of citation data used tive actions. It may influence practice manuals and policies in to calculate the IF and the calculation itself. Walters (2006) sum- police departments and correctional institutions. Consider the marizes some of these limitations, as follows. The IF calculation popularity of Psychology and Law research in commonly used relies on limited sources (i.e., journal articles), and only a small textbooks. Demonstrating these forms of impact may be more chal- percent of journals worldwide are in the ISI database. Journals lenging than looking up IFs, but the results may impress. Perhaps published in languages other than English are less likely to be you will be able to say that although the IF of the journal in which included in this database. The time period covered by the IF you published your research was not among the highest of Psy- calculation is limited. The impact factor of specific journals may chology journals, your research was cited in U.S. Supreme Court vary considerably from year to year as illustrated above. For a Justice John Roberts’ opinion in a recently decided case. Put variety of reasons summarized by Walters (2006), IFs should not simply, there are important forms of impact that the IF cannot be compared across disciplines. IFs do not correct for author self- assess. citations or journal self-citations. Because of the peculiar way in which editorials and commentaries are counted, their inclusion In summary, journal impact factors are becoming increasingly im- can seriously inflate impact factors. Walters proposed an alterna- portant for a variety of purposes. Psychology journal impact tive promising index, citations per article (CPA) as an alternative factors tend to reflect established journal reputations, though to the IF. The CPA attempts to correct for some of the aforemen- there are some exceptions. LHB’s impact factor, though variable, tioned limitations of the IF. In Walters’ study, LHB fared very well compares favorably with law journals and many respectable Psy- relatively to other Psychology and Law journals using the CPA chology journals. As a measure of journal quality, the impact index. factor has limitations. As a measure of the impact of research, the impact factor is rather narrow in scope. The second type of limitation refers to the more general concept of “impact.” The IF assumes that research published in more Brian L. Cutler, Editor-in-Chief, Law and Human Behavior highly cited journals has more impact that research published in less frequently cited journals. Applied research, however, may Walters, G. D. (2006). Measuring the utility of journals in the crime- have considerable impact on practice or policy without being cited psychology

Presidential Column almost 600 student members in 2006 and in 2007 we had almost 200 Continued from p. 2 new regular members. The intersection of those sets contained of programs targeted at attracting what APA has termed Early one person. Even if this is a gross underestimate of the number of Career Psychologists (ECPs), or those psychologists who are student members that translated into regular members, I think it is within 7 years of receiving their doctorate. When I attended the clear that there is a problem. We should be doing a much better Division Leadership Conference (i.e., charm school for the Presi- job of attracting our newly minted graduates into our ranks. Not dents-Elect of the APA Divisions) last spring, I noticed that APA only is it required for the long-term stability of our membership, is devoting a lot of attention to ECPs and for good reason. The but the data suggest that ECPs are a far more diverse group than statistics show that our membership is aging and that newer psy- are psychologists who have been in the field for longer periods of chologists are not as likely to join divisions as they were in the time. One way to increase our diversity is to reach out to ECPs. past. These trends will eventually translate into declining mem- bership. For the time being, we are fortunate to be one of the very At the 2008 APLS, we will be offering a reduced conference regis- few divisions with a growing membership. Indeed, this fact made tration fee to those members who are within five years of receiv- me very popular at the conference as other division leaders were ing their doctorate. In addition, I have appointed Lora Levett, eager to learn our secret. Of course, we have the benefit of the Assistant Professor at the University of Florida, to be our liaison growing public interest in forensic psychology, but it also became to APA’s Early Career Psychologist Network. Through her activi- clear that we are a much friendlier place for students than are other ties with the network, Lora is learning what other divisions are divisions. We actively support our students in a number of mean- doing to reach out to ECPs. Building on that knowledge, Lora and ingful ways: free conference registration for student first authors, I will be working together this year to survey relevant stakehold- student grant-in-aid awards, Dissertation awards, Undergraduate ers to see what could be done to increase our attractiveness to Paper awards, and low student dues. Thanks to these programs ECPs. Some early ideas that we are considering proposing to the we have a very large and active student section. Executive Committee are a graduated dues structure for those who are within the first five years of receiving their PhD (much like But what are we doing to support our ECPs? Are we successful at APA offers) and a seed grant program for new investigators (per- turning student members into regular members? It was remark- haps modeled after our student grant-in-aid program). I have no ably difficult to answer this question using our member database. doubt that there are many other worthy ideas that we have not yet Not to be daunted, our administrator Lynn Peterson hand checked considered. If you want to share them, feel free to contact either the list of 2006 student members against the list of new regular me ([email protected]) or Lora ([email protected]). We look members in 2007 and found that ONE student member in 2006 forward to hearing from you. became a member in 2007. One. To put that in perspective, we had Page 4 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Conference Update, Continued from p. 1 Important things to note: those members in attendance. The students will also be invited to Reserve your hotel room early: The rates offered by the Hyatt for attend the remaining sessions on Saturday afternoon and evening. this year’s conference are quite low – only $131 per night for We encourage all attendees to register for this event when you single occupancy. Space in the conference hotel is likely to go register for the conference. Tickets for the luncheon are $35. Please quickly at these rates, and the Jacksonville River Run will be tak- show these students your support by attending this luncheon. ing place on Saturday, March 8th, which will make it difficult to get to the conference hotel from other areas of Jacksonville on that On Saturday, we will have a special Murder on a Sunday Morn- morning. You must reserve your room before February 5, 2008. ing Plenary. This plenary is based on the HBO Academy Award Please use the hotel link provided on the conference website to winning documentary about Brenton Butler, a 15-year-old African get the conference rate. American from Jacksonville, Florida, who was falsely accused of murdering a tourist. His story involves mistaken eyewitness iden- Register for the conference early: We are offering special “early- tification, police interrogation, a false confession, racial bias, and bird” rates on this year’s conference registration. Register now many other psychology and law topics. Researchers and practi- before the rates increase on February 1, 2008. tioners will examine this provocative case in an informative and multi-disciplinary plenary. This is definitely not to be missed! Take advantage of our extensive workshop schedule: The work- shops are not intended only for clinicians this year. All confer- We have two hospitality suites this year, both with a dining room- ence attendees are encouraged to participate in these informative type table, a small kitchen area, and living room-style seating. If sessions taught by internationally acclaimed speakers. Clinicians you would like to reserve one of the hospitality suites for your will be awarded CE credits. group event (i.e., university/college gathering, research group, special interest group, roundtable discussion, alumni, etc.), please Get your party or event on the conference program: E-mail con- contact conference co-chair, Eve Brank ([email protected]), as soon ference co-chair Eve Brank ([email protected]) early about plan- as possible so that we may schedule your events. If you have ning your event. We can help you with scheduling, location, and need of alternative locations, Eve also has information on other catering menus. local venues appropriate for group events. Daylight Saving Time: We will “spring forward” at 2 AM on March The conference will be held at the Hyatt Regency located in down- 9th. The conference will officially end the evening of Saturday, town Jacksonville on the St. Johns River. The Jacksonville Inter- March 8th, but we wanted you to be aware while making your national airport (JAX) is only a few miles from the hotel and there travel plans. In other words, early morning flights on Sunday are several options for transportation to and from the airport. Please morning will seem that much earlier. Stay around a while and enjoy see the conference website for more details. The hotel has re- the beach or a golf course on Sunday instead! cently been remodeled, so everything there is fresh and new. The hotel offers several amenities, including high-speed Internet in We look forward to seeing you in Jacksonville! the rooms (fees apply) and wireless access in public areas. There is a 24-hour business center, fully equipped fitness center, whirl- Kevin O’Neil, Dave DeMatteo, and Eve Brank pool, sauna, and rooftop swimming pool. Everything you need is 2008 AP-LS Conference Co-Chairs within walking distance very close to the hotel. The Jacksonville Landing is only a few blocks away with several restaurants, shops, and nightclubs. You can also take a river taxi across the river to go Note from the Editor to the River Walk or additional restaurants. On Saturday morning, approximately 12,000 runners will be running by the hotel in the On the following page you will find Legal Update, written by the Jacksonville River Run (“Largest 15k in the U.S.”). We will have a new editor, Jeremy Blumenthal. I would like to take this opportu- perfect view of them as they cross the Main Street Bridge right to nity to thank Dave DeMatteo for his sevice to AP-LS as outgoing the east of our hotel. editor and author of Legal Update. During his editorship of the column, he wrote on topics such as competence to be executed, The Jacksonville area has much to offer. Enjoy beaches, golf insanity defense standards, innovative courts (mental health, drug, (including the famous Sawgrass 17th hole – “The Island Green”), and problem solving courts), supermaximum prisons, juveniles in shopping, and outdoor activities. Orlando, St. Augustine, Savan- the criminal justice system, and the Tarasoff dury to protect. His nah, and Amelia Island are all within a few hours or less from columns highlighted issues currently being addressed by the downtown Jacksonville. Carnival Cruise Lines offers four- and courts, and discussed how psychological research could inform five-day cruise services from Jacksonville to the Bahamas. If you courts’ decision making. His columns were always thoughful, well- decide you would like to extend your trip to enjoy some of these written, and informative on cutting edge legal issues related to sights, check out the conference website for more information psychology. I am sure that many lines of research have been about what Jacksonville and the surrounding areas have to offer. insprired by his work. I hope you will take the opportunity to thank him for his contribution to our organization as I do here.

Sincerely, Jennifer Groscup, Editor AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 5 Legal Update: Recent Trends in Legal Scholarship

By New Editor and Author: Jeremy Blumenthal, J.D., Ph.D. Syracuse University College of Law A recurring note in psycholegal scholarship is the disconnect recently, the discussion has turned to acknowledging individual between the research conducted by legal psychologists and the differences in these departures from optimal decision-making (e.g., use made of that research by courts (Ogloff, 2000; Saks, 1986; Rachlinski, 2006). Such focus has led commentators to suggest Small, 1993). Whether this disconnect stems from limited research various forms of “asymmetric” or “libertarian” paternalism; that areas by psychologists (Saks, 1986), skepticism or lack of sophistica- is, interventions designed to help those who are subject to such tion on the part of courts and policy-makers, or even fundamentally flawed decisions, but at the same time not interfere unduly with inconsistent values held by scholars in the two disciplines (Haney, decisions by those who are less vulnerable to harm-causing heu- 1980; Tanford, 1990), another dichotomy may be emerging, between ristics and biases (Camerer et al., 2003; Sunstein & Thaler, 2003). the scholarship conducted by legal psychologists and the empirical work conducted by those teaching in law schools. Many of these findings—e.g., individuals’ cognitive and emo- tional departures from optimal decision-making—are of little sur- Empirical legal scholarship (ELS) by the latter has burgeoned in prise to psychologists. However, only a few psycholegal schol- the last few years, with blogs, working paper repositories, jour- ars have recently contributed directly to the paternalism discus- nals, and conferences devoted solely to such research. This is a sion. Daniel Kahneman’s work with Amos Tversky was one trig- positive sign, demonstrating legal academics’ growing recogni- ger, of course, providing much of the underlying research demon- tion of the importance of the sort of work psycholegal scholars strating individuals’ non-optimal reasoning, but extrapolating and have been conducting for over a century. This is also the re- developing that work has most recently been the purview of econo- search that is increasingly being published in the primarily stu- mists (Camerer, Loewenstein, Thaler, and others) and legal aca- dent-edited law reviews circulated among the legal academy and, demics (Sunstein, Jolls, Korobkin, Huang, and others). Wiener to a lesser extent, among judges and practitioners.1 and colleagues (2005) are one example of psycholegal scholars investigating paternalism-related topics. They recently tested Much of this empirical legal research is on topics outside the whether the disclosure requirements mandated by the Bankruptcy mainstream of traditional psychology and law research. A No- Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act in fact influence vember, 2007, Conference on Empirical Legal Studies, for instance, spending decisions by laypeople; broadly, they found that man- will have sessions on bankruptcy, commercial contracts, taxation, dated disclosures had few of the intended beneficial effects. Oth- law firms, finance, and securities (Conference on Empirical Legal ers with psychological backgrounds are joint degree holders situ- Studies, 2007)—all topics that can involve psycholegal investiga- ated at law schools. Rachlinski (2003, 2006), for instance, has tion, but that traditionally have not involved primary research by carefully reviewed much of the psychological literature serving as psychologists. Similarly, here I identify three broad topic areas in the basis for calls for paternalistic intervention. Mitchell (2005; contemporary empirical legal research that are receiving more at- Klick & Mitchell, 2006) has argued against such intervention, sug- tention from legal academics than from psychologists. gesting in part that interventions decreased individuals’ opportu- nity to learn from their mistakes. Two additional aspects of the Paternalism debate are especially relevant to psychologists’ work: currently, Perhaps the most provocative contemporary application of psy- among those advocating some form of intervention, there is broad chological findings to law and policy is in the context of paternal- recognition that the costs of intervention must be balanced some- ism. Legal scholars are hotly debating the implications of empiri- how against its benefits (e.g., Blumenthal, in press). Psychology cal data showing individuals’ tendency to make flawed decisions, can help assess such costs and benefits, helping understand— especially in the financial, health, and safety contexts. Discus- among other things—how intervention might affect perceptions sion centers on questions of whether, and how, third parties such of oneself and of one’s autonomy. Legal psychologists can also as the government should intervene in individual citizens’ deci- help evaluate the actual effectiveness of an intervention in im- sions and behavior in order to “protect” individuals from the nega- proving cognitive, emotional, conative, and behavioral outcomes. tive consequences of those flawed decisions. Happiness In one of the articles prompting such discussion, for instance, Although some scholars and policy-makers may increasingly be Jolls, Sunstein and Thaler (1998) identified one of the classic ob- open to paternalistic intervention of some sort, it is not always jections to paternalistic intervention, that “citizens, assuming they clear just what such intervention should improve. That is, how have reasonable access to relevant information, are . . . the best should increases in welfare be measured? Increasingly, commen- judges of what will promote their own welfare.” Jolls and col- tators are looking to measures not of financial welfare, but of well- leagues responded, however, that empirical research demonstrates being and happiness. Layard (2005) argues that maximizing “hap- that people are likely worse at judging what will promote their own piness” should be the aim of policy; one country has even devel- welfare than we have traditionally assumed. To the extent this is oped an index of “gross national happiness”—rather than “gross so, the objection to paternalistic policies is correspondingly weak- national product”—as a construct to maximize (Loewenstein & ened—as they put it, an “anti-antipaternalism” argument. Most Ubel, 2006). Page 6 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Happiness and other positive emotions are thus making an entry One of the clearest connections to ongoing legal psychological into legal academia in a number of ways. Each might profit from research is in the context of lie-detection (Mobbs et al., 2007)— additional psycholegal work. For instance, the potential contri- and, of course, as suggested above this is only one of a number of butions of the positive psychology movement (e.g., Seligman & applications. Although brain-imaging lie-detection techniques Csikszentmihalyi, 2000) are beginning to be recognized by legal are receiving substantial attention in the media and in legal academics. Some are beginning to see the law as the vehicle for academia, debate exists over their accuracy. Some studies have improving and cultivating positive emotions such as hope claimed more than 80% accuracy (e.g., Kozel, 2005), though inter- (Abrams & Keren, 2007); others argue for altering the aims of the preting what in fact constitutes accuracy may be another issue legal system altogether, from “justice” to “happiness”—as these (Mobbs et al., 2007). The ethical implications of such imaging authors argue, “who needs justice if we are all happy?” (Bagaric & approaches are contested as well, and the role of brain scans in McConvill, 2005). Others apply the lessons of positive psychology detecting deception—and in broader interrogation and counter- to suggest ways to ameliorate junior associates’ classic dissatisfac- terrorism contexts (Marks, 2007)—is sure to provide legal and tion at large law firms (O’Grady, 2006; Seligman, Verkuil, & Kang, psychological commentators significant opportunities for research 2000). And happiness is making its way into law schools as well—so and debate (Wolpe, Foster, & Langleben, 2005). to speak—with seminars being offered at Yale and Temple Law Schools on, for instance, “Law, Happiness, and Subjective Well-Being.” This move toward a focus on neuroscience highlights psycholegal scholars’ opportunities to study not only substantive areas of But defining “happiness” or “welfare” is, unsurprisingly, a stick- psychology and law, but also the perceptions of those areas. For ing point; this is another area to which psychologists can contrib- instance, Weisberg et al. (in press) demonstrate that non-experts ute. Traditional economics viewed “welfare” in financial terms: in neuroscientific fields are more likely to accept an explanation utility and welfare equaled wealth. Recent findings call into ques- for psychological phenomena when the explanation is accompa- tion, however, the idea that wealth leads to happiness. As a re- nied by neuroscientific information, even when that information sult, in suggesting a move to focusing on well-being, some legal is substantively irrelevant—and even when the other logic sup- philosophers emphasize other objective factors that lead to indi- porting the explanation is deficient. The inference to jurors’ use vidual satisfaction and flourishing: health, integrity, emotions, play, of such evidence is clear. Again, this is probably unsurprising to life, imagination, reason, play, and control over one’s environ- many psychologists, and is reminiscent of previous research on ju- ment (Nussbaum, 2000). As with much of the legal philosophical rors’ use of statistical and other scientific evidence. Psycholegal literature, empirically-based insight from psychologists—espe- scholars with experience in evaluating jurors’ and policy-makers’ use cially ones versed in legal issues as well—would be of use to of scientific, novel, psychological, statistical, and other complex will corroborate or challenge such commentary (for instance, such have much to contribute to how those techniques are used. objective lists are reminiscent of Maslow’s [1943] work on hierar- chy of needs). Similarly, interesting work in the context of the Ameri- The tendency to over-value neuroscientific evidence in the legal cans with Disabilities Act connects the psychological importance of context may not be limited to non-experts. Legal philosopher and “belonging” to standards under the ADA that protect individuals psychologist Stephen Morse (2006) recently documented, only with a disability that limits a “major life activity” (Hubbard, 2004). partly tongue-in-cheek, a new diagnosis of “brain overclaim syn- More broadly, such work argues for ADA protection when a disabil- drome” (BOS)—the tendency, in essence, for scholars, too, to ity disrupts life activities contributing to such flourishing and to overstate the influence of neurological effects on behavior and achieving such objective factors. Again, contributions from psy- responsibility.3 Again, contributions from other psycholegal schol- chologists could help situate such arguments in legal discourse. ars who think deeply about the connection between scientific research and its use as evidence in court and for policy-makers In brief, happiness and well-being as policy issues are advancing can further this important discussion. to the forefront of legal academic discussion, and are another context for empirical contributions by psycholegal scholars.2 Conclusion ELS ranges widely, covering political science, economics, anthro- Neuroscience and the Law pology, sociology, as well as psychology. Such research is in- “Neurolaw” (Rosen, 2007) and “neuroethics” increasingly apply creasing rapidly in the legal academy (Blumenthal, 2007), and re- research from neuroscience to legal and ethical issues, including viewing these three areas of contemporary empirical legal schol- evidence and jurors’ perceptions of evidence, free will, emotion, arship is, of course, simply the proverbial tip of the iceberg. Internet empathy, moral reasoning, terrorism, addiction, and aggression. discussion of ELS appears in blogs (for instance, www.elsblog.org), Certainly psychologists have long been involved in researching and a peer-reviewed journal, the Journal of Empirical Legal Stud- and discussing such issues, and have of course studied the neu- ies was recently devoted to such scholarship. Developing areas ral underpinnings of behavior. And some of the current work of ELS build on, and reflect, existing literatures in legal psychol- draws on both psychological research as well as research in ogy: both to expand psycholegal scholars’ impact and to enrich “neuroeconomics,” the study of financial and economic decision- discussion in these important legal and policy contexts, research making at the neural level. But recent work in neuroscience, often by and insight from legal psychologists will be useful.References emphasizing fMRI and other types of brain scans, has prompted substantial interest by legal academics that might also generate References interest among psycholegal scholars. Abrams, K. & Keren, H. (2007). Law in the cultivation of hope. Cali- fornia Law Review, 95, 319.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 7 O’Grady, C.G. (2006). Cognitive optimism and professional pessimism Bagaric, M. & McConvill, M. (2005). Goodbye justice, hello happi- in the large-firm practice of law: The optimistic associate. Law and ness: Welcoming positive psychology to the law. Deakin Law Review, Psychology Review, 30, 23. 10, 1. Ogloff, J.R.P. (2000). Two steps forward and one step backward: The Blumenthal, J.A. (2007). Meta-analysis: A primer for legal scholars. law and psychology movement(s) in the 20th century. Law and Human Temple Law Review, 80, 201-244. Behavior, 24, 457. Blumenthal, J.A. (in press). Emotional paternalism. Florida State Uni- Rachlinski, J.J. (2003). The uncertain psychological case for paternal- versity Law Review, 35. ism. Northwestern Law Review, 97, 1165. Camerer, C., (2003). Regulation for conservatives: Behavioral econom- Rachlinski, J.J. (2006). Cognitive errors, individual differences, and ics and the case for “asymmetric paternalism.” University of Pennsyl- paternalism. University of Chicago Law Review, 73, 207. vania Law Review, 151, 1211. Rosen, J. (March 11, 2007). The brain on the stand. New York Times. Conference on Empirical Legal Studies (2007). http://www.law.nyu.edu/ cels/ConferenceProgramSeptember10.html. Saks, M. J. (1986). The law does not live by eyewitness testimony alone. Law and Human Behavior, 10, 279-280. Haney, C. (1980). Psychology and legal change: On the limits of a factual jurisprudence. Law and Human Behavior, 4, 147. Seligman, M.E.P. & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychol- ogy: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55, 5. Hubbard, A. (2004). The major life activity of belonging. Wake Forest Law Review, 39, 217-259. Seligman, M.E.P., Verkuil, P., & Kang. T. (2001). Why lawyers are unhappy. Cardozo Law Review, 23, 33-53. Jolls, C., Sunstein, C.R., & Thaler, R.H. (1998). A behavioral approach to law and economics. Stanford Law Review, 50, 1471. Small, M.A. (1993). Legal psychology and therapeutic jurisprudence. St. Louis University Law Journal, 37, 675. Klick, J. & Mitchell, G. (2006). Government regulation of irrationality: Moral and cognitive hazards, Minnesota Law Review, 90, 1620. Sunstein, C.R., & Thaler, R.H. (2003). Libertarian paternalism is not an oxymoron. University of Chicago Law Review, 70, 1159. Kozel F.A. (2005). Detecting deception using functional magnetic reso- nance imaging. Biological Psychiatry, 58, 605–613. Tanford, J.A. (1990). The limits of a scientific jurisprudence: The Su- preme Court and psychology. Indiana Law Journal, 66, 137 (1990). Law and the Emotions: New Directions in Scholarship (March, 2007). https://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/csls/lawemotion_conference/ Weisberg, D.S. (in press). The seductive allure of neuroscience explana- Layard, R. (2005). Happiness: Lessons from a New Science, London: tions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. Allen Lane. Wiener, R.L. (2005). Unwrapping assumptions: Applying social ana- Liptak, A. (Mar. 19, 2007). When rendering decisions, judges are finding lytic jurisprudence to consumer bankruptcy education requirements and law reviews irrelevant. New York Times. policy. American Bankruptcy Law Journal, 79, 453.

Loewenstein, G. & Ubel, P.A. (Sept. 2006). Hedonic adaptation and the Wolpe, P.R., Foster, K.R., & Langleben, D.D. (2005). Emerging role of decision and experience utility in public policy. Paper presented neurotechnologies for lie-detection: Promises and perils. The American at the Conference on Happiness and Public Economics, London, UK. Journal of Bioethics, 5, 39-49.

Marks, J.H. (2007). Interrogational neuroimaging in counterterrorism: A no-brainer or a human rights hazard? American Journal of Law and (Endnotes) Medicine, 33, 483-500. 1 As Liptak (2007) recently observed, modern federal judges rarely read or cite law journal articles; to the extent that is so, they likely Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological read or cite primary psycholegal research even less. Review, 50, 370-396. 2 The topic of emotions more broadly is also receiving increased Mitchell, G. (2005). Libertarian paternalism is an oxymoron. North- attention in legal academe, with one recent conference being de- western Law Review, 99, 1245. voted solely to that area (Law and the Emotions: New Directions Mobbs, D., et al. (2007). Law, responsibility, and the brain. PLOS in Scholarship, 2007). This is one area in which psycholegal schol- Biology, 5, e103. ars are making substantial contributions, as with a recent Law and Human Behavior Special Issue. Morse, S.J. (2006). Brain overclaim syndrome and criminal responsibil- ity: A diagnostic note. Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, 3, 397-412. 3 Fortunately, Morse (2006, p. 411) is able to prescribe “cognitive jurotherapy” to deal with the BOS pathology, suggesting, in part, Nussbaum, M. (2000). Women and Human Development. Cambridge: “that people need to think more clearly and make more transpar- Cambridge University Press. ent, logical arguments about the relationship of anything to crimi- nal responsibility.”

Page 8 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Expert Opinion Editors: Matthew Huss & Eric Elbogen

Operational Psychology: An Emerging Discipline Russell E. Palarea, Ph.D. Psychological Services Unit, Naval Criminal Investigative Service At a recent conference, an esteemed psychologist presented his lent behavior. This information is passed to an Operational Psy- work on violence risk assessment. Although there were a handful chologist, who assesses and interprets the information for the of psychologists present, the majority of the audience consisted special agent. The two then partner together to develop a threat of law enforcement investigators. The presentation began with assessment of the subject and design a strategy to manage the an historical overview of the clinical violence risk assessment subject’s violence risk (Gelles, Sasaki-Swindle, & Palarea, 2002). research. The psychologist then discussed the clinical versus actuarial risk assessment debate and their associated violence Operational Psychology: The Birth of a Field risk assessment tools. Finally, he presented his own research and the development of his violence risk assessment tool. As he went The field of Operational Psychology first emerged in the mid- through his slides, the reaction of the audience ranged from copi- 1940s. At that time, the Office of Strategic Services (OSS – precur- ous note-taking, to confused looks, to glazed eyes. Being a Clini- sor to the CIA) produced The Assessment of Men, a book de- cal and Forensic Psychologist by training, I appreciated the valu- scribing the use of psychologists for personnel assessment and able information presented by my colleague. However, in my cur- selection for counterintelligence military operations (OSS, 1948). rent role as an Operational Psychologist, I understood why my Since then, a variety of fields have employed psychologists in colleague’s presentation was lost on this crowd. applied roles, including the military, law enforcement, and intelli- gence communities. Although Operational Psychologists are What my colleague missed was the importance of understanding employed in a wide variety of contexts, little has been published the limitations of his research to the audience’s investigative mis- on this field. A current PsycINFO search for “Operational Psy- sion. His presentation would have been excellent for an AP-LS chology” revealed only two comprehensive publications on this conference where the audience consists of academic researchers discipline: the book Military Psychology: Clinical and Operational and forensic clinicians. But when briefing an audience of “opera- Applications (Kennedy & Zillmer, 2006) and a special issue on tors” (police officers, detectives, and special agents), clinical re- Operational Psychology in the journal Military Psychology (2006). search falls on deaf ears. With this type of audience, the informa- tion must be operationally useful. Given the scarcity of publications on Operational Psychology, definitions of this specialty are rare. In their book chapter Intro- Traditional violence risk assessment tools – both actuarial and duction to Operational Psychology, Williams, Picano, and Roland clinical – were created for clinical settings. They provide models (2006) defined Operational Psychology in military settings as: “… for making determinations of violence risk in specific clinical situ- the actions by military psychologists that support the employ- ations, such as determining discharge from a treatment facility. ment and/or sustainment of military forces (and in particular mili- Such tools lose their utility when applied to investigations of tary commanders) to attain their strategic goals in a theater of war stalking, workplace violence, school violence, and other threat or a theater of operations by leveraging and applying their psy- assessment crimes. Actuarial tools fail due to the low base rates chological expertise in helping identify enemy capabilities, per- of severe targeted violence. Clinical tools fail because the role of sonalities, and intentions; facilitating and supporting intelligence mental illness may be unknown or nonexistent, and clinical tech- operations, designing and implementing assessment and selec- niques such as interviews and psychological tests may provide tion programs in support of special populations and high-risk partial, inaccurate, or irrelevant information related to the poten- missions; and providing an operationally focused level of mental tial act of targeted violence (Borum, Fein, Vossekuil, & Berglund, health support.” Within their definition, Williams et al. (2006) 1999). describe two key points: 1) “… the need for operational psycholo- gists to maintain both mental agility and flexibility in understand- Providing law enforcement investigators with violence risk fac- ing and applying the tools of their profession to support the op- tors used in controlled clinical settings is not useful for their op- erational art of warfare,” and 2) “… the need to maintain the ability erational missions. Constructs such as psychopathy, substance to anticipate the strategic objectives of the ends, ways, and means, abuse, and mental illness do not empower special agents with the the demands of supported commanders, and the anticipation of ability to make decisions on a subject’s violence risk and strategize how to apply psychological expertise to either enhance combat a case management plan. They are the fodder of psychologists. effectiveness or mitigate risk.” What is more important is having the special agent investigate these factors within the context of the violent behavior, including Thus, the focus of operational psychology is to provide psycho- the circumstances of, patterns of, and specific triggers to the vio- logical knowledge, skills, and abilities to the operational mission.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 9 Whether the mission involves assisting a military commander to Although the partnership model provides the basis for consulta- convince an enemy to surrender or assisting a special agent with tion, Operational Psychologists are always mindful of their con- managing a workplace violence case, the focus is on consulting sultant role. In the clinical treatment environment, psychologists with operators on their missions. The Operational Psychologist are empowered as strategic decision-makers; they make decisions serves as a translator of mindset and behavior to the operator. on admissions, discharges, and treatment strategies. However, in the operational environment, Operational Psychologists serve as Operational Psychology Consultation for Law Enforcement Agen- an adjunct resource to investigators. The Operational Psycholo- cies: A Partnership Between Investigators and Psychologists gist is not a special agent and is does not conduct the investiga- The concept of having psychologists as staff members of law tion or operation. Similarly, the Operational Psychologist does enforcement agencies is by no means new (Reese, 1995). For not enter into investigator functions, such as conducting interro- years, Police Psychologists have provided clinical services to gations or collecting evidence at crime scenes. It is paramount police officers, such as therapy, fitness for duty evaluations, and that Operational Psychologists “stay in their lanes” by always personnel selection. Some Police Psychology duties have ex- remaining respectful of the professional and ethical boundaries of panded to operational functions, such as consulting on hostage their expertise. negotiations (Greenstone, 1995; Rowe, Gelles, & Palarea, 2006). Despite this occasional overlap, the two disciplines are uniquely The NCIS Psychological Services Unit: A Model for Operational different. Although both are staffed by Clinical Psychologists, Psychology Law Enforcement Consultation Police Psychology embraces its clinical service-provider role. Alternately, Operational Psychology distances itself from the clini- The Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) provided fertile cal service-provider role and instead aligns with a consultant role. soil for the development of an Operational Psychology program. It focuses not on the providing clinical services to police officers, NCIS is charged with conducting investigations and operations but instead, consulting with police officers on their investiga- involving the Department of Navy, which includes the Navy, tions. Thus, in Police Psychology, the client is often the police Marine Corps, dependents of service members, and Department officer, whereas in Operational Psychology, the client always is of Navy properties. The NCIS mission is three-fold: preventing the agency. terrorism, protecting secrets, and reducing crime. Its small size (approximately 1200 civilian special agents stationed worldwide), One key difference in Operational Psychology is the assimilation unique missions, and innovative culture allowed for opportuni- of the psychologist into the organization’s culture. Where Police ties to show Special Agents how psychology can enhance their Psychologists need to keep a distance from their officer corps – skill sets and mission success in their investigations and opera- due to the ethical conflict of having multiple (clinical and non- tions. Pioneered by Dr. Michael Gelles (Chief Psychologist, 1993- clinical) relationships – Operational Psychologists are required to 2006) as a unit of one, the NCIS Psychological Services Unit (PSU) immerse in the agency’s culture and build relationships with their currently consists of four full-time staff psychologists who con- investigator partners. Williams et al. (2006) describe the impor- sult on numerous aspects of the agency’s missions. The staff tance of this concept as viewing the world through the operator’s psychologists are stationed at NCIS Headquarters and embedded eyes. They state that the psychologist “has a responsibility to within each of the agency’s directorates, allowing them to have learn and understand the military organization they operate within regular interactions with the special agents who monitor the field’s and the likely enemies they face.” investigations and operations. The PSU staff members frequently travel to the agency’s field offices around the world to provide In the law enforcement arena, the psychologist assimilates to the onsite support to field agents and are deployable within 24 hours law enforcement culture. Law enforcement is a relationship-based of a crisis situation. culture. From their beginnings in the police academy, officers are trained on a partnership model. Officers assist each other with As a result of the unique missions worked by NCIS, the agency investigative duties, pair up on interrogations, and cover each established a number of units that focus on specific types of other during a shootout. In order to earn the trust and respect of criminal investigations. Within these units, the PSU staff mem- the investigators, and establish their credibility, Operational Psy- bers provide specialized psychological consultation techniques: chologists embrace the law enforcement culture, building rela- • Counterterrorism Department: Consultation on counterterrorism tionships with their investigators and “partnering” with them when investigations and operations, identifying pre-attack behav- consulting on cases (Gelles, Sasaki-Swindle, & Palarea; 2002). To iors using the behavioral-based threat assessment method- facilitate this relationship-building, it is preferred that Operational ology, assessment of communicated threats Psychologists are full-time staff members of their agencies rather • Threat Management Unit: Conduct behavioral-based threat than part-time contractors. Like the investigators, the Operational assessments and develop management strategies on stalk- Psychologists need to incorporate the agency’s identity into their ing, workplace violence, communicated threat, arson, sabo- personal identity, thus building a loyalty to the agency, its mis- tage, high-risk domestic violence, and other major cases sion, and its staff. To further facilitate relationship-building, the • Family Violence and Sex Crimes: Conduct behavioral assess- Operational Psychologists should be embedded within the inves- ments of sex crimes and family violence cases involving adult tigator corps rather than centralized in an office next to senior and child victims leadership. Having regular and frequent contact with investiga- • Death Investigations: Conduct psychological reviews of sui- tors strengthens relationships and fosters consultation opportu- cides, homicides, and other major death cases; perform psy- nities. chological autopsies to assist medical examiners in determin-

Page 10 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 ing manner of death; compile the suicide letter/video data- Gelles, M. G. (1995). Psychological autopsy: An investigative aid. base; participate in the Death Review Board In M. I. Kurke & E. M. Scrivner (Eds.), Police psychology into the • Cold Case Homicide Unit: Conduct victim and suspect assess- 21st century (pp. 337-356). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. ments; assist with developing operational plans • Criminal Operations Unit: Conduct undercover agent/cooper- Gelles, M. G., McFadden, R., Borum, R., & Vossekuil, B. (2005). Al ating witness assessments for cold case homicide investiga- Qaeda Related Subjects: A Law Enforcement Sample. In T. tions, death investigations, narcotics operations, and other Williamson (Ed.), Investigative interviewing: Rights, research, regu- criminal operations lation (pp. 23-41). Devon, UK: Willan.

Additionally the NCIS PSU has published a number of articles Gelles, M. G., & Ewing, C. (2003). Ethical Concerns in Forensic and book chapters regarding our operational consultation duties. Consultation Regarding National Safety and Security. Journal of For further information, see: Threat Assessment, 2, 95-107. • Threat Assessment: A Partnership Between Law Enforcement and Mental Health (Gelles, Sasaki-Swindle, & Palarea, 2002) Gelles, M. G., Sasaki-Swindle, K., & Palarea, R. E. (2002). Threat • Threat Assessment: A Risk Management Approach (Turner & assessment: A partnership between law enforcement and mental Gelles, 2003) health. Journal of Threat Assessment, 2, 55-66. • Crisis and Hostage Negotiation (Rowe, Gelles, & Palarea, 2006) • Psychological Autopsy: An Investigative Aid (Gelles, 1995) Greenstone, J. L. (1995). Tactics and negotiating techniques (TNT): • Al Qa’ida’s Operational Evolution: Behavioral and Organiza- The way of the past and the way of the future. In M. I. Kurke & E. tional Perspectives (Borum & Gelles, 2005) M. Scrivner (Eds.), Police psychology into the 21st century (pp. • Al Qaeda Related Subjects: A Law Enforcement Sample (Gelles, 357-372). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. McFadden, Borum, & Vossekuil, 2005) • Consulting to Government Agencies – Indirect Assessments Kennedy, C. H., & Zillmer, E. A. (2006). Military psychology: Clini- (Morgan, et al., 2006) cal and operational applications. New York: Guilford. • Ethical Concerns in Forensic Consultation Regarding National Safety and Security (Gelles & Ewing, 2003) Morgan, C. A., Gelles, M. G., Steffian, G., Temporini, H., Fortunati, F., Southwick, S., Feuerstein, S., & Coric, V. (2006, February). Con- The Way Ahead: Evolution of the Operational Psychology Field sulting to Government Agencies – Indirect Assessments. Psy- chiatry. The field of Operational Psychology is young, but quickly evolv- ing. Applications of Operational Psychology have now been de- Reese, J. T. (1995). A history of police psychological services. In fined in the military, intelligence, and law enforcement communi- M. I. Kurke & E. M. Scrivner (Eds.), Police psychology into the ties. Given the increasing number of students pursuing graduate 21st century (pp. 31-44). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. degrees in Forensic Psychology, with the ultimate goal of provid- ing psychological consultation on law enforcement investigations, Rowe, K. L,, Gelles, M. G., & Palarea, R. E. (2006). Crisis and Hos- the supply of Operational Psychologists will quickly outweigh tage Negotiations. In C. H. Kennedy & E. A. Zillmer (Eds.), Mili- the demand of law enforcement agency needs. In order to further tary psychology: Clinical and operational applications (pp. 310- the development of Operational Psychology in the law enforce- 330). New York: Guilford. ment arena, the psychology community needs to educating law enforcement investigators and their senior leadership on the ben- Turner, J. T., & Gelles, M. G. (2003). Threat assessment: A risk efits of psychological consultation on their investigations. Fur- management approach. New York: Haworth. thermore, the existing Operational Psychology community must define itself by establishing guidelines for graduate psychology Williams, T. J., & Johnson, W. B. (2006). Introduction to the spe- degree requirements, core competencies, on-the-job training/ cial issue: Operational psychology and clinical practice in opera- mentorship programs, and best practices. Potential ethical con- tional environments. Military Psychology, 18, 261-268. flicts must also be anticipated and addressed. Once these guide- lines are in place, Operational Psychology for law enforcement Williams, T. J., Picano, J. J., & Roland, R. R. (2006). Introduction to agencies will quickly develop as an established field within ap- operational psychology. In C. H. Kennedy and E. A. Zillmer (Eds.), plied clinical psychology. Military psychology: Clinical and operational applications (pp. 193-214). New York: Guilford.

References Borum, R., Fein, R., Vossekuil, B., & Berglund, J. (1999). Threat assessment: Defining an approach for evaluating risk of targeted Russell Palarea, Ph.D. is an Operational Staff Psychologist with violence. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 17, 323-337. the Naval Criminal Investigative Service. He can be reached at [email protected]. Borum, R., & Gelles, M. G. (2005). Al Qa’ida’s Operational Evolu- tion: Behavioral and Organizational Perspectives. Behavioral Sci- ences and the Law, 23, 467-483.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 11 AP-LS Teaching Techniques Deliberating the Benefits of Learning Through Focus Groups Garrett L. Berman, Ph.D., and Judith Platania, Ph.D. Roger Williams University

Abstract This article describes how students in an undergraduate legal Meyers, & Love, 2002). For active learning to be successful, psychology class utilized focus group research (i.e., a jury simula- teaching must be viewed as a process of developing and enhanc- tion exercise) to assist in planning strategies for trial. In addition ing students’ ability to learn. The instructor serves as a facilitator to conducting the focus group, students were responsible for for learning, guiding students through the learning process. De- providing an analysis of the results, and preparing their team for veloping and organizing meaningful learning exercises stimulates trial. Ultimately, students reported the focus group exercise helped students’ thinking through real-world experiences. Such practical them develop trial strategies, understand the role of trial consult- approaches are effective because they engage students as active ants, and gain a better understanding of scientific jury selection. participants in the learning process (Benjamin, 1991; Heath, 2000). Rationale, course objectives, and a description of the activity are Research on active learning has demonstrated that participating outlined, as well as suggestions for including this exercise in an in teamwork exercises not only generates student interest, but upper-level legal psychology course. enhances critical thinking (Rau & Heyl, 1990). Additionally, stu- dents working in groups develop higher-level thinking and memory Deliberating the Benefits of Learning through Focus Groups skills compared to students working alone (Johnson & Johnson, Focus groups are one of the most widely used tools available to 1986; Totten, Sills, Digby, & Russ, 1991). help attorneys understand juror perceptions of critical case is- sues, are focus groups (Berman, 2004; Bray & Kerr, 1979; Strier, A recent review of the types of activities included in legal psy- 1999). Focus groups typically consist of 8 to 10 participants that chology courses reveals a trend toward those that focus on prac- are recruited based on the demographics of the county in which tical experiences. Exercises in jury selection, interviewing tech- the trial will take place. Attorneys present both sides of the case niques, and issues in eyewitness identification require solving either in summary format or by presenting some aspect of the trial problems and making decisions as a team (Bennett, 1999; Berman, (e.g., opening arguments, direct and cross examination of a key 1998, 2004; Miller, 1997; Platania, 2004). These types of exercises witness). Participants then deliberate on case issues and reach a help prepare students for a changing workplace environment – verdict. After deliberations, focus group moderators may ask par- one that emphasizes teamwork. Therefore, developing critical ticipants specific questions about case issues, trial themes, or thinking skills through the small group experience is an important verdicts. After running the appropriate mock trial or focus groups, goal in legal psychology courses (Berman, 1999; Perry, Huss, trial consultants write a detailed report for the attorneys. This McAuliff & Galas, 1996). This article describes how students in data is then used to assist attorneys in trial preparation by identi- an undergraduate legal psychology course designed and imple- fying strengths and weaknesses of the case. mented a focus group activity to assist in planning strategies for trial. The effectiveness of this exercise as it relates to learning Comparable to critical thinking exercises, focus groups provide outcomes for undergraduate students enrolled in a psychology attorneys with the opportunity to consider a variety of possible and law course will be discussed. explanations and viewpoints regarding their case. Focus groups help attorneys to develop case themes, prepare witnesses, and Course Objectives estimate mock-jurors’ reactions to opening or closing arguments One course objective was to demonstrate, through focus group (Strier, 1999). Additionally, focus groups help attorneys learn what research, how social science can help attorneys conceptualize the questions potential jurors may have about the evidence so they case from the prospective juror’s point of view, thus avoiding the are better prepared to answer these questions at trial (Abbott & use of heuristics when selecting jurors for trial. Prior to the intro- Batt, 1999). Properly conducted focus groups allow attorneys duction of pre-trial research, attorneys’ perceptions of juror reac- insight into the reasoning processes jurors may follow during tions to case issues were largely based on intuition. It was as- deliberations. Moreover, focus groups help attorneys deliver com- sumed that certain salient demographic characteristics could pre- plex information and concepts to jurors in a way that is easily dict a juror’s response to case-specific issues (e.g., women would understood. The proposed active learning exercise assists stu- be more likely to sympathize with a rape victim). As a result of this dents in understanding how focus groups depict an overall sense limited and nonscientific strategy, juror profiles were developed of the case issues and themes that may resonate through a jury’s and used by attorneys when selecting a jury. Social science was deliberations. viewed as having little to offer in understanding the process of jury selection. Using Focus Groups as an Active Learning Exercise Researchers agree that active learning fosters critical thinking A second course objective was for students to learn what is in- (Andreoli-Mathie et al., 1993; Gokhale, 1995; Leonard, Mitchell, volved when individuals perform as a team. Although some class time was set aside for teamwork, the majority of the preparation Page 12 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 for the project, as well as the project itself, took place outside of observe any relation between jurors’ beliefs and attitudes and class. At the beginning of the semester, the first author prepared verdict?” Final reports consisted of: case overview; description them as professionals – emphasizing the similarities between the of student-jurors; group deliberation analysis; psychological theo- focus group classroom experience and that of the real-world fo- ries used to describe the process; and, recommendations for pro- cus group experience. The practical analogy encouraged a posi- ceeding to trial. At the completion of the exercise, student-con- tive attitude among students and allowed them to exercise a sense sultants completed a 13-item evaluation form. The table below of control on the task. Students worked collaboratively, rather displays responses to 5 items measured on a 6-point Likert-type than individually, with minimal complaints about the project or scale from 0 (Strongly Disagree/Do Not Recommend) to 6 (Strongly their teammates. Agree/Recommend). Data were obtained from student-consult- ants participating in this activity in two legal psychology classes Description of Focus Group Activity (N=27; 23 females and 4 males). See Appendix for mean re- The focus group activity was part of a course requirement in the sponses to five of the items in the focus group evaluation form. first author’s legal psychology course. Early in the semester, stu- Overall, recommending this activity for future use was signifi- dents are randomly assigned to prosecution or defense teams, cantly related to: understanding scientific jury selection: r(27) = and given a transcript of a murder case, developed for a criminal +.58, p < .01: educational value: r(27) = +.66, p < .01: and, overall procedure course in law school. Within each team, students as- effectiveness of the focus group activity: r(27) = +.53, p < .01. sume various roles required to complete the assignment (e.g., trial consultants, attorneys, and witnesses). Students assuming the Conclusion roles of trial consultants are responsible for developing and car- Student responses to the evaluation form indicated that the focus rying out focus group research to help their respective attorneys group was an effective strategy for active learning and for getting prepare for trial. Instructions for conducting focus group research them to work together. Student comments about the exercise in- in a jury simulation context were supplied by the second author, a cluded “I feel as though the class learned a lot from the experience part-time trial consultant with ten years experience. In the real and it was an effective learning tool.” “It helped us prep wit- world, focus group research provides attorneys with valuable in- nesses and attorneys for the mock jury.” In addition, students formation on how to best prepare for trial. With this in mind, stu- said the activity helped clarify ideas through discussion, and helped dent-consultants for both sides prepared their research to help them decide how best to proceed to trial. “It was fun, informative, the attorneys gain insight into the reasoning processes jurors a great experience – helped us understand what we were learn- may follow during deliberations. Student-consultants are respon- ing.” “It pointed out our weaknesses and showed us what to sible for recruiting undergraduates to act as mock-jurors, devel- improve upon.” Alternatively, team responsibilities and out-of- oping questionnaires designed to assess participants’ case-spe- class time devoted to the project, emerged as the primary responses cific reactions and presenting the most important aspects of their to the aspect they enjoyed least about the project. “A lot of time case. After the prosecution or defense presents their case, stu- is needed to conduct the focus group.” “It takes time to get every- dent-jurors are read a 200 word summary from pattern criminal jury one together.” The focus group exercise was successful in pre- instructions in the state of Rhode Island and told to deliberate on paring students for the real-world experience of working in teams. the issues presented to them. Consultants carefully monitor the deliberation process from behind a one-way mirror. Student-con- The authors recommend this activity to faculty teaching upper- sultants are then responsible for facilitating post-deliberation dis- level courses in legal psychology. This exercise has been used in cussion sessions. At the completion of the exercise, student-ju- classes ranging from 12-31 students. Students gain the value of rors are thanked for their time and in most instances awarded extra using social science theory and research to explain mock-jurors’ credit for participation. The entire process takes approximately attitudes and identify effective trial strategies. Upon completion two hours. of the mock trial, students often say they have a better under- standing of trial consulting and scientific jury selection. When writing the report, student-consultants drew on theory and research in both legal and social psychology to help their attor- References neys understand the case-specific issues jurors discussed during Abbott, W. F., & Batt, J. (Eds.). (1999). A handbook of jury research. deliberations. One group explained how jurors process the infor- American Law Institute – American Bar Association. mation presented at trial in an attempt to develop a story for what happened (Pennington & Hastie, 1993). Another group encour- Andreoli-Mathie, V, Beins, B., Benjamin, L. T. Jr., Ewing, M. M., Iljima- Hall, C. C., Henderson, B., et al. (1993). Promoting active learning in aged attorneys to use themes as a means to search for confirming psychology courses. In T. V. McGovern, (Ed.), Handbook for enhanc- evidence and to devalue disconfirming evidence. Student-con- ing undergraduate education in psychology (pp. 183-214). Washington, sultants also emphasized how jurors’ perceptions of their own life DC: American Psychological Association. experiences affected how they discussed the case issues (Higgins & Bargh, 1987). In every instance, students provided research to Benjamin, L. T., Jr. (1991). Personalization and active learning in the support their observations. large introductory psychology class. Teaching Of Psychology, 18, 68- 74. Activity Evaluations Students are required to write a focus group report. When prepar- Bennett, E. A. (1999, April). Demonstrating difficulties with eyewitnesses and questioning techniques using a simulated crime. In W. Heath (Chair), ing the focus group report, student-consultants were told to con- An American Psychology-Law Society sponsored symposium: Teach- sider the following questions: “What can psychology add to your observations of juror reactions to the case issues?” “Did you AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 13 ing psychology and law. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Strier, F. (1999). Whither trial consulting? Issues and projections. Law Eastern Psychological Association, Providence, RI. and Human Behavior, 23, 93-115. Berman, G. L. (1998, January). Teaching and practice: An interdiscipli- nary approach to the study of law. Paper presented at the meeting of the Totten, S., Sills, T., Digby, A., & Russ, P. (1991). Cooperative learning: American Association of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. A guide to research. New York: Garland.

Berman, G. L. (1999, April). Enhancing undergraduate learning: Expe- Author Note riential approaches in the study of psychology and law. In W. Heath Garrett L. Berman, Ph.D., Department of Psychology, Roger Will- (Chair), An American Psychology-Law Society sponsored symposium: iams University, Bristol, RI 02809. Judith Platania, Ph.D., Depart- Teaching psychology and law. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Providence, RI. ment of Psychology, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI 02809.

Berman, G. L. (2004, March). What can I do to present a better case? Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to The use of focus group simulations in an undergraduate legal psychol- the first author. ogy course. , In J. Platania (Chair), Beyond active learning: Developing interdisciplinary and collaborative projects in psychology and law. Sym- posium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychology-Law So- ciety, Scottsdale, AZ. Appendix Mean Responses to Focus Group Evaluation Form – N = 27 Bray, R. M., & Kerr, N. L. (1979). Use of the simulation method in the study of jury behavior: Some methodological considerations. Law and (6 = strongly agree / recommend) Human Behavior, (3), 107-119. ______Item Mean Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Cooperative learning enhances critical thinking. The focus group helped me develop trial strategy. 5.63 Journal of Technology Education, 7, 1045-1061. The focus group helped me understand jury selection. 5.30 I would recommend this activity be used in future classes. 5.81 Heath, W. P. (2000, March). Psychology and law on the world wide web: The focus group was educationally valuable. 5.70 A selection of sites to supplement the classroom experience. Paper pre- Overall, the focus group was an effective exercise. 5.63 sented at the meeting of the American Psychology-Law Society, New ______Orleans, LA.

Higgins, E. T., & Bargh, J. A. (1987). Social cognition and social percep- tion. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, 369-425. The Teaching Techniques column, sponsored by the AP-LS In-Focus Research Group Litigation Services (n.d.). Retrieved January Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee, offers useful 18, 2005, from http://www.infocusresearch.com/html/ litigation_services.html. ideas for those of us who teach (or who plan to teach) courses in Psychology and Law, Forensic Psychology, or more spe- Johnson, R. T., & Johnson, D. W. (1986). Action research: Cooperative cialized areas of legal psychology. We hope that the Teach- learning in the science classroom. Science and Children, 24, 31-32. ing Techniques column of the Newsletter will become the Leonard, J. A., Mitchell, K. L., Meyers, S. A., & Love, J. D. (2002). best place to find activities, simulations, and demonstrations Using case studies in introductory psychology. Teaching of Psychology, that engage students in the learning process and help profes- 29(2), 142-144. sors to teach important content in psychology and law.

Miller, L. A. (1997). Teaching about repressed memories of childhood Editors welcome your comments, ideas, suggestions, or sub- sexual abuse and eyewitness testimony. Teaching of Psychology, 24, 250-255. missions. We are especially interested in articles describing techniques that promote active learning in psychology and Pennington, N., & Hastie, R. (1993). The story model for juror decision law. Please send submissions, questions, or ideas for ar- making. In R. Hastie (Ed.). Inside the juror (pp. 192-221). New York: ticles to any of the four editors listed below. Cambridge University Press. Perry, N. W., Huss, M. T., McAuliff, B. D., & Galas, J. M. (1996). An active-learning approach to teaching the undergraduate psychology and Chief Editor: Mark Costanzo, Claremont McKenna law course. Teaching of Psychology, 23, 76-81. College, [email protected]

Platania, J. (2004, March). Two views are better than one: Developing Co-editor: Allison Redlich, Policy Research Associates, a collaborative voir dire project for Intro and legal psychology courses. In J. Platania (Chair), Beyond active learning: Developing interdiscipli- Inc., [email protected] nary and collaborative projects in psychology and law. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychology-Law Society, Co-editor: Beth Schwartz, Randolph College, Scottsdale, AZ. [email protected] Rau, W. & Heyl, B. S. (1990). Humanizing the college classroom: Col- laborative learning and social organization among students. Teaching Co-editor: Jennifer Groscup, John Jay College, Sociology, 18, 141-155. [email protected]

Page 14 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 CORRECTIONAL & (TAU) on self-reported delin- COMMUNITY TREATMENT Research Briefs quency and substance use was evaluated in a sample of Blevins, K. R., Cullen, F. T., Editor: Marc Boccanccini, Ph.D. 165 diverted juvenile offend- Frank, J., Sundt, J. L., & ers (n = 84 TAU; n = 81 ICM). Holmes, S. T. (2006). Stress and Participation in ICM was as- satisfaction among juvenile The AP-LS newsletter research briefs are written sociated with a decrease in correctional workers: A test by students in the Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Pro- self-reported drug use 12 of competing models. Journal gram at Sam Houston State University. Contribu- months post intervention, but of Offender Rehabilitation, tors for this year are: Beth Caillouet, Jeremy Johnson, not with a decrease in self-re- 44, 55-79. Greater perceived Lisa Kan, Kristy Lawson, Amanda McGorty, and ported delinquency. Youths dangerousness, higher educa- high in psychopathic traits tional status, and perceived Jennifer Rockett. displayed poorer treatment role conflict in job position outcomes in both treatment predicted higher work-related Bouffard, J. A., & Muftic, L. R. students (Age range: 18 – 25) groups. stress in direct-line juvenile (2006). Program completion who read versions of the ad correctional staff (n = 195). and recidivism outcomes from the 1973 Stanford Prison Dembo, R., Wareham, J., Race (being African American), among adult offenders or- Experiment volunteered for a Poythress, N. G., Cook, B., & greater perceived dangerous- dered to complete a commu- psychological study (n = 61) Schmeidler, J. (2006b). The ness, less support provided by nity service sentence. Journal or a prison life study (n = 30). impact of arbitration inter- supervisors, more time work- of Offender Rehabilitation, Prison life volunteers scored vention services on youth re- ing at their current facilities, 43, 1-33. Recidivism among higher on measures of narcis- cidivism: One-year follow-up. and job-role conflict predicted 200 male and female adult of- sism, aggressiveness, and Journal of Offender Rehabili- lower job satisfaction. fenders participating in com- authoritarianism, and lower on tation, 43, 95-131. Effective- munity service (n = 100 CS empathy and altruism than ness of intensive case manage- Blitz, C. (2006). Predictors of completers; n = 100 CS non- others. ment (ICM) versus treatment stable employment among fe- completers) revealed that older as usual (TAU) on post inter- male inmates in New Jersey: offenders, offenders with a vention recidivism was evalu- Implications for successful more extensive criminal his- Carney, M. M., Buttell, F. P., & ated among 165 diverted juve- reintegration. Journal of Of- tory, and those with more CS Muldoon, J. (2006). Predictors nile offenders (n = 84 TAU; n fender Rehabilitation, 43, 1- hours to complete were at a of batterer intervention pro- = 81 ICM). Treatment group 22. 908. In a sample of 908 in- higher risk for post-CS recidi- gram attrition: Developing assignment was not associ- carcerated female offenders, vism. Offenders who com- and implementing logistic re- ated with recidivism at 12- length and stability of employ- pleted CS successfully were at gression models. Journal of month follow-up. Youths dis- ment (before incarceration) a significantly lower risk for Offender Rehabilitation, 43, playing callous-unemotional was associated with a greater recidivism overall. 35-54. The authors investi- and impulsivity features of education level attained and gated a prediction model of psychopathy had more in- receipt of mental health treat- Carlson, J. R., & Thomas, G. program completion in a stances of recidivism at follow- ment pre-incarceration. (2006). Burnout among prison sample of 114 male batterers up than those without such caseworkers and corrections (n = 56 completers; n =58 drop- features. Bouffard, J. A. & Bergeron, L. officers. Journal of Offender outs). The use and frequency E. (2006). Reentry works: The Rehabilitation, 43, 19-34. In a of sexual coercion and injury Ford, J. D., Trestman, R. L., implementation and effective- sample of 227 correctional to partner were significant pre- Wiesbrock, V., & Zhang, W. ness of a serious and violent staff (n = 42 caseworkers; n = dictors in the model (odds ra- (2007). Development and vali- offender reentry initiative. 185 corrections officers), case- tio = .266, 2.814, and .938 re- dation of a brief mental health Journal of Offender Rehabili- workers self-reported higher spectively). As a whole, the screening instrument for tation, 44, 1-29. Recidivism levels of burnout than correc- model successfully classified newly incarcerated adults. and revocation of parole tions officers (d = .77), includ- 59% of the sample into Assessment, 14, 279-299. An 8- among of offenders participat- ing greater emotional exhaus- completers and drop-outs. item Correctional Mental ing in a serious and violent tion (d = .50) and feelings of Health Screen-Female (CMHS- offender re-entry program depersonalization (d = .65). Dembo, R., Wareham, J., F) and a 12-item CMHS-Male (SVO; n = 71; 86% males) were Poythress, N. G., Cook, B., & were derived from data on 1,526 compared to those from of- Carnahan, T. & McFarland, S. Schmeidler, J. (2006a). The im- male and 670 female inmates. fenders in a traditional re-en- (2007). Revisiting the Stanford pact of arbitration services on Both demonstrated adequate try program (n = 106; 84% prison experiment: Could par- psychosocial functioning: A internal consistency, test-re- males). Participation in the ticipant self-selection have led follow-up study. Journal of test reliability, and interrater SVO re-entry program pre- to the cruelty? Personality Offender Rehabilitation, 43, agreement; they correlated dicted lower recidivism rates and Social Psychology Bul- 61-94. Effectiveness of inten- significantly with higher rat- than the traditional approach. letin, 33, 603-614. Male college sive case management (ICM) versus treatment as usual AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 15 ings of mental health needs investigated in 100 male and McCullouch, A. & McMurran, ers who did not participate in and were generally unrelated 24 female offenders on proba- M. (2007). The features of a treatment were more likely to to non-mental health needs/ tion. Treatment dropouts were good offender treatment be reconvicted than offenders risks. AUCs for identifying more likely to have technical programme manual: A Delphi completing treatment (Mean d Axis I or II disorders ranged probation violations than survey of experts. Psychology, = .11). from .72 to .86, depending on those who were awaiting treat- Crime, & Law, 13, 265-274. gender and race. ment or had completed treat- Thirty-two cognitive-behav- Naser, R. L., & La Vigne, N. G. ment. Treatment completers ioral treatment trainers from (2006). Family support in the Green, B. L., Furrer, C., Worcel, showed greater improvement various countries responded prisoner reentry process: Ex- S., Burrus, S., and Finigan, in social problem-solving to a survey about their views pectations and realities. Jour- M.W. (2007). How effective are skills compared to others. of useful offender treatment nal of Offender Rehabilita- family treatment drug There were no significant manuals. Results indicated tion, 43, 93-106. In a sample of courts? Outcomes from a group differences in recidi- that the majority of respon- 413 male offenders, post-re- four-site national study. Child vism. dents preferred a theoretical lease perceptions of family Maltreatment, 12, 43-59. Par- background, clear, but flexible support and family relation- ents from families participating Harrison, K. S., & Rogers, R. objectives outlined for each ship quality exceeded pre-re- in family drug treatment courts (2007). Axis I screen and sui- session, and the use of large lease perceptions. (FDTC) entered treatment cide risk in jails: A compara- print in offender treatment more quickly, spent more time tive analysis. Assessment, 14, manuals. Sevin Goldstein, N.E., in treatment, and completed 171-180. Among 51 female and Dovidio, A., Kalbeitzer, R., more treatment than parents 49 male inmates, a cutoff score McKendrick, K., Sullivan, C., Weil, J., & Strachan, M. (2007). from matched families that did of 3 on the Composite Mental Banks, S., & Sacks, S. (2006). Anger management for fe- not participate in treatment Disability/Suicide Intake Modified therapeutic commu- male juvenile offenders: Re- courts. Children of FDTC par- Screen was associated with nity treatment for offenders sults of a pilot study. Journal ents were more likely to be sensitivity of 1.00, specificity with MICA disorders: Antiso- of Forensic Psychology Prac- placed in a permanent living of .71, and hit rate of .75 for cial personality disorder and tice, 7, 1-28. Females (N=12) situation and more likely to be predicting suicide risk. For pre- treatment outcomes. Journal residing at a post-adjudication reunited with their parents. dicting depression, a cutoff of Offender Rehabilitation, juvenile justice facility re- score of 7 on the Composite 44, 133-159. Male offenders (n ceived treatment as usual Marsh, S. C., & Evans, W. P. Past Mood Symptoms = 139) were randomly assigned (TAU) or TAU plus anger man- (2006). Predictors of staff re- achieved the optimal combina- to one of two treatment agement for female juvenile sponses to problematic youth tion of sensitivity (1.00), speci- groups [Modified Therapeutic offenders (AMFJO). Of the 5 behavior in detention and cor- ficity (.75), and hit rate (.79). Community (MTC) versus participants available for post- rectional settings. Journal of Mental Health treatment as treatment assessment, those Offender Rehabilitation, 44, Hubbard, D. J. (2006). Should usual (MH)]. Offenders who in AMFJO improved on mea- 59-79. Non-white juvenile jus- we be targeting self-esteem in participated in MTC had lower sures of anger, overall aggres- tice staff were found to have treatment for offenders: Do rates of re-incarceration 12 sion, verbal aggression, and provided more severe conse- gender and race matter in months post-treatment than outcome expectations com- quences to behavior problems whether self-esteem matters? those who participated in the pared to the TAU group. than white staff (â = .27). Staff Journal of Offender Rehabili- MH group. Offenders without who had received training in tation, 44, 39-57. The associa- a diagnosis of APD who par- Shoham, E., & Timor, U. (2006). anger management, life skills, tion between self-esteem and ticipated in the MTC showed Rehabilitation of released behavior modification, and re-arrest was evaluated in a less self-reported substance prisoners in the Kibbutz: counseling families used less therapeutic community of- abuse 12-months post-treat- From isolation to segregation. severe consequences. fender sample (n = 280; 223 ment than those in the MH Journal of Offender Rehabili- males, 57 females). While self- group. tation, 44, 1-22. In a sample of Golden, L. S., Gatchel, R. J., & esteem alone was unrelated to 110 offenders (95% male), par- Cahill, M. A. (2006). Evaluat- re-arrest, regression analyses McMurran, M., & Theodosi, ticipating in the Kibbutz (a re- ing the effectiveness of the indicated that race and gender E. (2007). Is treatment non- entry rehabilitation program in national institute of correc- moderated this relationship. completion associated with Israel) was associated with tions “Thinking for a Among male and female Afri- increased reconviction over lower rates of re-incarceration Change” program among pro- can-Americans, as self-esteem no treatment? Psychology, for those who appeared to ac- bationers. Journal of Offender increased, rates of re-arrest Crime, & Law, 13, 333-343. climate to various cultural ex- Rehabilitation, 43, 55-73. The also increased. Among the Effect size estimates across pectations of the Kibbutz and impact of completing the male and female Caucasian of- samples of offenders who re- Israeli society. Thinking for a Change treat- fenders, as self-esteem de- ceived treatment while incar- ment program on recidivism, creased rates of re-arrest in- cerated (n = 7774 program The, Y. K. (2006). Female pris- probation violations, and so- creased. completers, 2385 non- oners in Malaysia. Journal of cial problem-solving skills was completers) or no treatment (n Offender Rehabilitation, 43, = 9434) revealed that offend- Page 16 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 45-64. The author examined and attachment than those personal callousness as pre- Chen, X., Thrane, L., background variables and their without prior contact. dictors of psychopathy in Whitbeck, L.B., Johnson, K.D., relationship to recidivism young adults. Journal of Clini- & Hoyt, D.R. (2007). Onset of among women incarcerated in DELIQUENCY/ cal Child and Adolescent conduct disorder, use of delin- Malaysian prisons (N = 422). ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR Psychology, 36, 334-346. In a quent subsistence strategies, Thirty-three percent reported sample of 163 adolescents fol- and street victimization drug and alcohol use, and 60% Andershed, H., Hodgins, S., & lowed until age 19, teacher rat- among homeless and runaway of these endorsed an addiction Tengström, A. (2007). Conver- ings of interpersonal callous- adolescents in the Midwest. problem. Eighteen percent had gent validity of the Youth Psy- ness from adolescence were Journal of Interpersonal Vio- a history of physical abuse chopathic Traits Inventory significant predictors of PCL- lence, 22, 1156-1184. Results victimization, while approxi- (YPI): Association with the R Factor 1 and 2 scores (at of interviews with 428 home- mately 16% had been sexually Psychopathy Checklist: ages 18-19). Other predictors less and runaway youth indi- abused. Among the variables Youth Version (PCL:YV). As- of Factor 1 included prenatal cated that youth with child- significantly related to recidi- sessment, 14, 144-154. Corre- tobacco exposure, community hood onset conduct disorder vism in this sample were be- lations between YPI and level economic disadvantage, (CD) were more likely to exhibit ing physically abused, having PCL:YV total and conceptually and full scale IQ. antisocial behaviors and report an addiction problem, and a similar factor scores for ado- violent victimization related to family history of offending. lescents (92 females and 70 Butler, S., Fearon, P., Atkinson, deviant survival strategies males) receiving substance L., & Parker, K. (2007). Testing compared to youth with ado- Theriot, M. T. (2006). Evalua- abuse treatment ranged from an interactive model of symp- lescent onset CD. tion of a court-ordered MADD .30 to .51 and were comparable tom severity in conduct disor- presentation for juvenile alco- across gender. EXACON dered youth: Family relation- Cornell, A. H., & Frick, P. J. hol and drug offenders. Jour- analyses indicated that indi- ships, antisocial cognitions, (2007). The moderating ef- nal of Offender Rehabilita- viduals classified as high or and social-context risk. fects of parenting styles in the tion, 43, 49-72. In a sample of low on the YPI tend to fall Criminal Justice and Behav- association between behav- juvenile offenders charged within the same group based ior, 34, 721-739. Researchers ioral inhibition and parent- with drug and alcohol offenses on the PCL:YV; results for found a strong association reported guilt and empathy in who were mandated to attend those in “medium” categories between parent-adolescent preschool children. Journal a MADD presentation and at- were less consistent. alienation and aggression in a of Clinical Child and Adoles- tended (n = 91), were man- sample of 85 young offenders cent Psychology, 36, 305-318. dated but did not attend (n = Baker, L.A., Jacobson, K.C., referred for court-ordered Three to five year old children 72), or not mandated (n = 72), Raine, A., Lozano, D.I., & mental health evaluation. (N=83) were rated by their par- attending the presentation Bezdjian, S. (2007). Genetic Trust-communication moder- ents on the Behavioral Inhibi- was unrelated to time to recidi- and environmental bases of ated the association between tion Scale (BIS), the My Child vate over a 12 month period. childhood antisocial behavior: social-contextual risk and an- Parent Report (a measure of Males and those with prior A multi-informant twin study. tisocial thinking. conscience), the Alabama offenses were more likely to Journal of Abnormal Psychol- Parenting Questionnaire recidivate and recidivate ogy, 116, 219-235. Twins (n = Chen, C., & Howitt, D. (2007). (APQ), and the Ideas About sooner than females and those 596 pairs, age 9-10) and trip- Different crime types and Parenting Scale( IAP). Behav- with no prior offenses. lets (n = 9 sets) along with their moral reasoning development iorally inhibited children were primary caregivers and teach- in young offenders compared rated higher in guilt and em- Tuerk, E. H., & Loper, A. B. ers were administered the with non-offender controls. pathy than uninhibited chil- (2006). Contact between incar- DISC-IV, the Childhood Ag- Psychology, Crime, & Law, dren. Higher levels of incon- cerated mothers and their gression Questionnaire, the 13, 405-416. Moral reasoning sistent discipline were associ- children: Assessing Child Psychopathy Scale, and was evaluated in a sample of ated with lower levels of guilt parenting stress. Journal of the CBCL. Boys were rated as 444 adolescent males (n = 330 for uninhibited children. Offender Rehabilitation, 43, more aggressive on all scales incarcerated offenders; n = 114 23-43. In a sample of 357 incar- (p < .01) except teachers’ rat- community comparison). The Dembo, R., Turner, C.W., cerated women with children, ings of relational aggression, comparison group showed Jainchill, N. (2007). An assess- those who maintained contact on which there were no sex greater moral reasoning abil- ment of criminal thinking with their children once incar- differences. Genetic influences ity than any offender group among incarcerated youths in cerated reported a greater accounted for .40 - .50 of the (e.g., Theft, Violent, and Drug; three states. Criminal Justice sense of competence and at- variance in aggression, while ds = 1.96, 1.81, and 1.66, re- and Behavior, 34, 1157-1168. tachment. Specifically, when nonshared environmental in- spectively). After controlling Male (n=151) and female current contact with children fluences accounted for .12 - .51 for age, the moral value of life (n=52) incarcerated adoles- was in the form of letter writ- of the variance. was the only moral reasoning cents completed the Texas ing, those who had prior con- value that predicted classifica- Christian University Criminal tact (before incarceration) re- Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., and tion into offender groups. Thinking Scales (CTS). These ported greater competence Lahey, B. B. (2007). Adolescent adolescents reported signifi- conduct disorder and inter- AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 17 cantly higher scores on the The roles of psychopathic Hipwell, A. E., Pardini, D. A., 20. At age 20, 16% of partici- Entitlement, Justification, Per- traits, empathy, and attach- Loeber, R., Sembower, M., pants reported at least one sonal Irresponsibility, and ment. Criminal Justice and Keenan, K., & Stouthamer- episode of severe IPV. Odds Power of Orientation scales Behavior, 34, 739-752. In a Loeber, M. (2007). Callous- of experiencing IPV were than incarcerated adults. sample of 51 incarcerated unemotional behaviors in higher for females (OR = 2.27) youths, psychopathy scores young girls: Shared and and those who had experi- Douglas, K. S., Guy, L. S., were significantly related to unique effects relative to con- enced an episode of depres- Edens, J. F., Boer, D. P., & instrumental and reactive vio- duct problems. Journal of sion before age 15 (OR = 2.36). Hamilton, J. (2007). The Per- lence. Instrumentally violent Clinical Child and Adoles- Females (conditional probabil- sonality Assessment Inven- youth scored higher on psy- cent Psychology, 36, 293-304. ity = .12, 95% CI = .078, .188) tory as a proxy for the Psych- chopathy than reactively vio- Girls ages 7 and 8 (N=990) were but not males (conditional opathy Checklist Revised: lent youth. assessed using parent and probability = .02, 95% CI = .008, Testing of the incremental teacher report assessments of .069) were more likely to per- validity and cross-sample ro- Glenn, A.L., Raine, A., callous-unemotional (CU) be- petrate severe violence when bustness of the Antisocial Venables, P.H., & Mendick, haviors, conduct problems a history of maternal depres- Features Scale. Assessment, S.A. (2007). Early tempera- (CD, ODD, ADHD symptoms), sion was present. 14, 255-269. Among 281 incar- mental and psychophysiologi- anxiety, depression, negative cerated males, hierarchical re- cal precursors of adult psy- emotionality, harsh punish- Moltó, J., Poy, R., Segarra, P., gressions revealed that, of the chopathic personality. Jour- ment, and low parental Pastor, M.C., & Montanés, S. PAI’s ANX, DEP, MAN, PAR, nal of Abnormal Psychology, warmth. High levels of hyper- (2007). Response BOR, ALC, DRG, AGG, STR, 116, 508-518. Participants (N = activity were associated with perseveration in psychopaths: RXR, DOM, and WRM scales, 335) were given temperament high levels of CU due to their Interpersonal/affective or so- DRG was a significant predic- and autonomic measures at overlap with conduct prob- cial deviance traits? Journal tor for PCL:R Total, DOM for age 3 and the Self-Report Psy- lems. Conduct problems were of Abnormal Psychology, 116, Factor 1, and DRG, RXR, ANX, chopathy scale (SRP-II) at age found to contribute signifi- 632-637. Male Spanish inmates and PAR for Factor 2 scores; 28. Those scoring higher on cantly to anxiety and negative (N=47) were administered the ANT and ANT-A scales incre- the SRP-II at 28 were less in- emotionality when CU behav- PCL-R (Spanish adaptation) mentally improved the predic- hibited (d = .46) and less fear- iors were controlled. Girls who and the Card Perseveration tion of only Factor 2 scores. ful (d = .40) at age 3 than low were high in conduct problems Task. Psychopaths (n = 9) Using variable weights from scorers. High scorers on the but low in CU behaviors were played more cards and earned the regression models, ICCs SRP-II were more verbal (d = also high in harsh punishment less money than between predicted and actual .28), more socially involved (d and low in parental warmth. nonpsychopaths (n = 11) and PCL:R scores ranged from .07 = .41), and friendlier towards mixed participants (n = 19). to .37 in a separate sample of the experimenter (d = .39). Jolliffe, D. & Farrington, D.P. Factor 2 (Social Deviance) and 85 male sex offenders. (2007). Examining the rela- Facet 3 (Lifestyle) predicted Hawes, D. J., and Dadds, M. tionship between low empathy response perseveration (i.e., Echeburýa, E. & Fernández- R. (2007). Stability and mallea- and self-reported offending. continuing to play despite in- Montalvo, J. (2007). Male bility of callous-unemotional Legal and Criminological creasing losses) in psycho- batterers with and without traits during treatment for Psychology, 12, 265-286. Self paths. psychopathy: An exploratory childhood conduct problems. report offending data were study in Spanish prisons. In- Journal of Clinical Child and collected from community Murrie, D.C., Marcus, D.K., ternational Journal of Of- Adolescent Psychology, 36, adolescents (N=720). Males Douglas, K.S., Salekin, R.T., fender Therapy and Compara- 347-355. In a sample of boys who reported offending had Lee, Z., & Vincent, G., (2007). tive Criminology, 51, 254-263. aged four to eight (N=49), lower levels of empathy than Youth with psychopathy fea- The PCL-R was administered those with higher levels of cal- males who reported not of- tures are not a discrete class: to 162 males incarcerated for lous unemotional traits, whose fending. Both males and fe- A taxometric analysis. Jour- an offense against an intimate parents had participated in an males who reported violent nal of Child Psychology and partner. 20 men (12%) met cri- intervention, received lower offenses also reported signifi- Psychiatry, 48, 714-723. Au- teria for psychopathy or prob- CU scores after the parent cantly lower empathy scores thors applied taxometric analy- able psychopathy. The psych- training. CU traits and antiso- than non-offenders. ses to scores from two primary opathy group was signifi- cial behaviors were relatively measures of youth psychop- cantly younger, more impul- stable over time, but CU traits Keenan-Miller, D., Hammen, athy features— the PCL:YV (N sive and suspicious, less em- were only predicted by CU C., & Brennan, P. (2007). Ado- = 757) and the self-report pathic, and had lower self-es- scores at baseline, whereas lescent psychosocial risk fac- APSD (N = 489)— among de- teem than the non-psychop- post-treatment antisocial be- tors for severe intimate part- linquent boys. All analyses athy group. haviors were predicted by an- ner violence in young adult- supported a dimensional tisocial scores at baseline, hood. Journal of Consulting structure, indicating that psy- Flight, J.I. & Forth, A.E. (2007). mother’s education, and post and Clinical Psychology, 75, chopathy features among Instrumentally violent youths: treatment CU scores. 456-463. Youths (N=610) were youth are best understood as surveyed at age 15 and at age Page 18 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 existing along a continuum; Skeem, J., Johansson, P., incarcerated offenders and not impact participant perfor- they are not distributed in a Andershed, H., Kerr, M., & college students. Criminal mance. Results of the second manner that creates a unique Louden, J.E. (2007). Two sub- Justice and Behavior, 34, 781- experiment suggested that co- or qualitatively distinct class types of psychopathic violent 794. Taxometric analysis of morbidity education had mini- of young “psychopaths.” offenders that parallel pri- PICTS scores from incarcer- mal impact on ability to feign mary and secondary variants. ated offenders (n=427) and combined PTSD and MDD. Obradoviæ, J., Pardini, D. A., Journal of Abnormal Psychol- college students (n=393) re- Long, J. D., & Loeber, R. (2007). ogy, 116, 395-409. The PCL-R vealed a dimensional con- Gervais, R. O., Ben-Porath, Y. Measuring interpersonal cal- was administered to 367 Swed- struct for criminal lifestyle. S., Wygant, D. B., & Green, P. lousness in boys from child- ish men incarcerated for vio- (2007). Development and vali- hood to adolescence: An ex- lent crimes. The 123 psycho- Washburn, J.J., Romero, E.G., dation of a Response Bias amination of longitudinal in- pathic participants fit into 2 Welty, L.J., Abram, K.M., Scale (RBS) for the MMPI-2. variance and temporal stabil- clusters: one that parallels pri- Teplin, L.A., McClelland, G.M., Assessment, 14, 196-208. In ity. Journal of Clinical Child mary psychopaths (n = 66) and & Paskar, L.D. (2007). Devel- Sample 1 (N=1212 clients), re- and Adolescent Psychology, one that parallels secondary opment of Antisocial Person- gression analyses identified 28 36, 276-292. Boys(N=503) were psychopaths (n = 41). Second- ality Disorder in detained items from the MMPI-2 that assessed nine times from age ary psychopaths had greater youths: The predictive value predicted failure on Word 8 through 16 via both parent trait anxiety, lower psycho- of mental disorders. Journal Memory Test (WMT), CARB and teacher ratings of inter- pathic traits, poorer interper- of Consulting and Clinical (Computerized Assessment of personal callousness (IC). sonal and clinical functioning, Psychology, 75, 221-231. Juve- Response Bias) and/or Test of Results from both parent and and were more emotionally niles (N = 1,112; age 15-18) in Memory Malingering. In teacher ratings indicated that unstable and withdrawn than a detention center were given Sample 2 (N=317 clients), the IC is unidimensional (both primary psychopaths. Diagnostic Interview Schedule new MMPI-2 scale (RBS) was cross-sectionally and longitu- for Children (DISC). At follow- a better predictor of WMT fail- dinally) and stable over time. Swogger, M.T. & Kosson, D.S. up (3 years), 17.3% of the ure than F, Fp, and FBS. A cut- (2007). Identifying subtypes of sample had developed APD off score of 17 achieved the Pardini, D. A., Lochman, J. E., criminal psychopaths: A rep- and 27.6% had developed highest hit rate for predicting & Powell, N. (2007). The devel- lication and extension. Crimi- Modified APD (APD without failure on WMT and/or Medi- opment of callous-unemo- nal Justice and Behavior, 34, the CD requirement). Having cal Symptom Validity Test. tional traits and antisocial 953-971. Results from cluster CD at baseline increased the behavior in children: Are analysis with county jail in- likelihood of developing M- Morasco, B. J., Gfeller, J. D., & there shared and/or unique mates (N=258) support a four- APD (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI = Elder, K. A. (2007). The utility predictors?. Journal of Clini- factor model of psychopathy 1.01-2.81). Having 5 or more of the NEO-PI-R validity cal Child and Adolescent for offender classification. The CD symptoms was associated scales to detect response dis- Psychology, 36, 319-333. Chil- revised PCL-R factor model with developing M-APD tortion: A comparison with the dren (N=120) in the fourth indicates primary (15.5%) and (AOR = 5.03, 95% CI = 1.74- MMPI-2. Journal of Person- grade who were rated as be- secondary (20.2%) psycho- 14.53). ality Assessment, 88, 276-283. ing in the top thirty percent of path subtypes consistent with Negative Presentation Man- aggressive students com- previous findings. FORENSIC EVALUATION agement (NPM) and the Posi- pleted a self report measure of tive Presentation Management affective dysregulation, were Walters, G. D., Duncan, S. A., Elhai, J. D., Butcher, J. J., (PPM) validity scales from the rated by both their parents and & Mitchell-Perez, K. (2007). Reeves, A. N., Baugher, S. N., NEO-PI-R were compared with teachers on callous-unemo- The latent structure of psych- Gray, M. J., Jacobs, G. A., et al. the MMPI-2 validity scales in tional (CU) traits and antiso- opathy: A taxometric investi- (2007). Varying cautionary a sample of individuals under- cial behaviors, and rated by gation of the Psychopathy instructions, monetary, in- going psychological evalua- parents only on child anxiety Checklist Revised in a hetero- centives, and comorbid diag- tions at a university clinic (n = and parenting practices. CU geneous sample of male prison nostic training in malingered 74). NPM was significantly re- traits were relatively stable for inmates. Assessment, 14, 270- psychopathology research. lated to L, F, F-K, and F(b) [rs a year long period. The level 278. Taxometric analyses Journal of Personality Assess- = -.25, .31, .30, and .38 respec- of CU traits and antisocial be- (MAMBAC, MAXEIG, and L- ment, 88, 328-337. In two ex- tively]. PPM was significantly haviors decreased in children Mode) of the four facet PCL-R perimental studies of malinger- related to L, F, K, F-K, and F(b) who received low levels of scores from 409 incarcerated ing using the Trauma Symp- [rs = .39, -.52, .41, -.51, and -.46 corporeal punishment. Chil- males suggested that the la- tom Inventory, cautionary respectively]. dren receiving higher levels of tent structure of psychopathy statements (e.g., warning that corporal punishment and is dimensional. over endorsement decreases O’Bryant, S.E., Finlay, C.G., & those who reported their par- believability) tended to lower O’Jile, J.R. (2007). TOMM per- ents as cold were found to Walters, G.D. & McCoy, K. symptom endorsement for in- formances and self-reported have increasing CU traits over (2007). Taxometric analysis of dividuals asked to feign PTSD symptoms of depression and time. the Psychological Inventory of and monetary incentives (ei- anxiety. Journal of Psychopa- Criminal Thinking Styles in ther high or low) generally did AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 19 thology and Behavioral As- Most used and reported informed suspects of their dergraduate raters (N = 88) sessment, 29, 111-114. 37 scores for all four tests but did Miranda rights verbally and made fairly accurate judg- women and 30 men were ad- not use cutoff scores. Intelli- believed that interrogations ments about the truthfulness ministered the TOMM, BDI-II, gence and achievement tests should be taped (audio or of the children’s stories and State-Trait Anxiety Inven- were also commonly used. video) or transcribed, al- (62.5%). tory (STAI) at an outpatient though only 16% reported that psychiatric clinic. TOMM Trial Vitacco, M. J., Rogers, R., recording was required by 1 scores were correlated with Gabel, J., & Munizza, J. (2007). their agency. LEGAL DECISION-MAKING/ scores on the BDI-II (r = -.30), An evaluation of malingering JURY RESEARCH the STAI State scale (r = -.25), screens with competency to Klaver, J. R., Lee, Z., & Hart, S. and STAI Trait scale (r = -.37). stand trial patients: A known- D. (2007). Psychopathy and Alter, A. L., Kernochan, J., & TOMM Trial 2 and 3 scores groups comparison. Law and nonverbal indicators of decep- Darley, J. M. (2007). Trans- were not significantly corre- Human Behavior, 31, 249-260. tion in offenders. Law and gression wrongfulness out- lated with BDI-II and STAI Patients undergoing compe- Human Behavior, 31, 337-351. weighs its harmfulness as a scores. tency to stand trial evaluations Among 45 male offenders, determinant of sentence se- were administered the Miller PCL-R Factor 1 scores pre- verity. Law and Human Be- Rogers, R., Harrison, K. S., Forensic Assessment of Symp- dicted increased blinking, havior, 31, 319-335. In Study Hazelwood, L. L., & Sewell, K. toms Test (M-FAST), Struc- head movements, number of 1, 116 undergraduates read W. (2007). Knowing and intel- tured Inventory of Malingered words spoken, and speech rate nine vignettes of 3 types of ligent: A study of Miranda Symptomatology (SIMS), and during provision of statement crime (assault, theft, shooting) warnings in mentally disor- the Evaluation of Competency about a crime they did not that emphasized harmfulness, dered defendants. Law and to Stand Trial-Revised Atypi- commit. Psychopathic offend- wrongfulness, or both. Re- Human Behavior, 31, 401-418. cal Presentation scale (ECST- ers displayed more head gression analyses indicated Among 118 hospitalized pa- R ATP), and they were classi- movements than non-psycho- that ratings of wrongfulness tients on competency-to- fied as probable malingerers pathic offenders only when better predicted sentence rec- stand trial units, 10% achieved (n=21) or nonmalingerers lying (ç2=.13). ommendation than harmful- good understanding of their (n=79), based on the Struc- ness across all crime types. Miranda warnings when the tured Interview of Reported Offe, H., & Offe, S. (2007). The Study 2 (n=33), using vi- Flesch-Kincaid reading level Symptoms. A cutoff of 6 on M- comparison question test: gnettes of 3 types of breaches for the warning was at or FAST and 14 on SIMS total Does it work and if so how? of University Honor Code, re- above 6th grade. WIAT read- scores were associated with Law and Human Behavior, sulted in similar findings. ing comprehension and GAF sensitivity and NPP of 1.0, with 31, 291-303. Undergraduates significantly predicted under- M-FAST achieving a higher (n=38) and law enforcement Beckham, C. M., Spray, B. J., standing of Miranda rights specificity, PPP, and hit rate. trainees (n=27) participated in and Pietz, C. A. (2007). Jurors’ when Flesch-Kincaid reading For the ATP, its Psychotic a polygraph examination after locus of control and defen- level was below 6th grade. Ap- subscale was most effective. choosing to commit a theft or dants’ attractiveness in death proximately 25% and 16% not. Receiving a pre-test expla- penalty sentencing. The Jour- could not identify a reason to nation of the importance of nal of Social Psychology, 147, exercise their Miranda rights LAW ENFORCEMENT, comparison question (CQ) im- 285-298. Death qualified mock or right to counsel, respec- CONFESSIONS, proved identification only for jurors (N=98) read a vignette tively. & DECEPTION guilty participants; discussion that included a picture of ei- of CQ between tests did not ther an attractive or unattrac- Ryba, N. L., Brodsky, S. L., & Kassin, S. M., Leo, R. A., have any effects regardless of tive defendant and completed Shlosberg, A. (2007). Evalua- Meissner, C. A., Richman, K. guilt. Guilty participants also Rotter’s Internal-External Lo- tions of capacity to waive D., Colwell, L., Leach, A. M., rated relevant questions as cus of control scale. Neither Miranda rights: A survey of et al. (2007). Police interview- more stressful than CQs. defendant attractiveness nor practitioners’ use of the ing and interrogation: A self- juror locus of control was as- Grisso Instruments. Assess- report survey of police prac- Stromwall, L.A. & Granhag, sociated with sentencing de- ment, 14, 300-309. Of 96 psy- tices and beliefs. Law and P.A. (2007). Detecting deceit cisions. Males, except for the chologists who conducted Human Behavior, 31, 381-400. in pairs of children. Journal youngest males, were more capacity to waive Miranda In a sample of 631 police in- of Applied Social Psychology, likely than females to sentence rights (CWM) evaluations, vestigators, 82% had received 37, 1285-1304. Twenty-two the defendant to death. 44% used Miranda instru- special training on conducting pairs of children in Sweden ments. Users (n=48) rated the interviews/interrogations. (Age range = 12-13) partici- Brown, J. M., Hamilton, C., & Comprehension of Miranda Common interrogation prac- pated in videotaped interviews O’Neill, D. (2007). Character- Rights (CMR) and Function of tices included isolating the about an encounter with a man istics associated with rape at- Rights in Interrogation (FRI) suspect, identifying contra- on a college campus. Half of trition and the role played by as more important than CMR- dictions, establishing rapport, the pairs actually encountered skepticism or legal rational- Recognition and Comprehen- and confronting the suspect a man (truthful); half imagined ity by investigators and pros- sion of Miranda Vocabulary. with evidence of guilt. Most the encounter (deceitful). Un- Page 20 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 2 ecutors. Psychology, Crime, improved reasoning abilities in (consistent or not with child vote guilty (çp = .07), which & Law, 13, 355-370. Rapes re- writing and making decisions molester literature) and judged regression analyses identified ported by females in the UK within a PAD only for those the suspect’s guilt either be- as a mediator between juror were examined to determine with below average intelli- fore or after reading a profile race and peremptory chal- whether victim, offender, and gence. of a child molester that was lenge. offense characteristics were either consistent or not con- associated with the case be- Gavisk, M. & Greene, E. (2007). sistent with the description of Wright, D.B. & Hall, M. (2007). ing prosecuted. Variables as- Guardianship determinations the suspect. Assessment of How a “reasonable doubt” in- sociated with increased likeli- by judges, attorneys, and guilt was strengthened when struction affects decisions of hood of prosecution included guardians. Behavioral Sci- participants were provided guilt. Basic and Applied So- time (< 24 hours elapsed from ences and the Law, 25, 339- with a congruent profile and cial Psychology, 29, 91-98. rape to report of incident to 353. Guardians (n = 57), attor- suspect descriptions and British undergraduates (N=26) police), no prior convictions neys (n = 56), and judges (n = weakened when information read a rape vignette and gave for the victim, offender known 38) rated vignettes about was inconsistent. The major- verdicts and written descrip- to victim, and injury or vio- guardianship hearings that ity of participants reported tions of the verdict after hear- lence. Discontinued cases varied by level of evidence of using physical evidence infor- ing one of two jury instruc- more often had a victim who impairment (functional impair- mation for determining guilt. tions about reasonable doubt was single, non-white, and ment only/neuropsychological (brief/detailed). Qualitative under the influence of a sub- test results/use of supportive McCoy, M.L. & Gray, J.M. results suggested that mock stance during the incident. services). Overall, raters rarely (2007). The impact of defen- jurors who received detailed recommended full guardian- dant gender and relationship instructions had a lower Dennison, S. M. (2007). Inter- ship and often asked for fur- to victim on juror decisions in threshold for reasonable personal relationships and ther evaluation. Professional a child sexual abuse case. doubt, which was consistent stalking: Identifying when to guardians were more likely Journal of Applied Social with findings from a subse- intervene. Law and Human than attorneys to choose full Psychology, 37, 1578-1593. quent quantitative study. Behavior, 31, 353-367. Adults guardianship and more likely Jury-eligible community resi- in a community sample (N=868) in general to ask for further dents (N = 256) evaluated a RISK ASSESSMENT read vignettes describing an testing. case summary about the sexual ex-partner’s behaviors after assault of a 10-year-old female Folsom, J. & Atkinson, J.L. dissolution of a romantic rela- Jenkins, G., & Schuller, R. A. that varied by defendant gen- (2007). The generalizability of tionship. They were more (2007). The impact of negative der and relationship to victim the LSI-R and the CAT to the likely to perceive the behav- forensic evidence on mock (parent/stranger). Overall, ju- prediction of recidivism in fe- iors as illegal if there was ex- jurors’ perceptions of a trial rors rated father defendants as male offenders. Criminal Jus- plicit intent to cause fear/ap- of drug-facilitated sexual as- most likely to be guilty (43 – tice and Behavior, 34, 1044- prehension, if the behaviors sault. Law and Human Behav- 50% guilty verdicts) and rated 1057. The LSI-R and the Child- were repeated, and if the actor ior, 31, 369-380. Undergradu- all other types of defendants hood and Adolescent Taxon in the vignette was the same ates (N=116) read a simulated equally (Range: 17 – 30% for Scale (CAT) showed accept- gender as the participant. For trial transcript of an alleged male stranger and female par- able levels of reliability in a participants who perceived sexual assault and either re- ent/stranger). sample of 100 female offend- the behaviors as illegal, most ceived no forensic evidence, ers. Both measures were sig- recommended community- a forensic report that indicated Sommers, S. R., & Norton, M. nificant predictors of recidi- based punishment. no evidence of substance in I. (2007). Race-based judg- vism. complainant, or the report ac- ments, race-neutral justifica- Elbogen, E. B., Swanson, J. W., companied by expert testi- tions: Experimental examina- Hagan, M. P., Monford-Dent, Appelbaum, P. S., Swartz, M. mony. They were less likely to tion of peremptory use and the T. M., Coady, J., & Stewart, S. S., Ferron, J., Van Dorn, R. A., find the defendant guilty and Batson challenge procedure. (2006). Accuracy of psychol- et al. Competence to complete less accepting of Law and Human Behavior, ogy interns’ clinical predic- psychiatric advance direc- complainant’s account and 31, 261-273. During a simu- tions of re-incarceration of tives: Effects of facilitated de- estimated lower probability of lated jury selection process, delinquents: A preliminary cision making. Law and Hu- guilt if exposed to the report participants (90 undergradu- study. Journal of Offender Re- man Behavior, 31, 275-289. only or if they were male. ates, 81 law students, and 28 habilitation, 43, 75-85. After Psychotic patients at risk for attorneys) were more likely to participating in training re- involuntary treatment either Marshall, B. C., & Alison, L. J. challenge prospective jurors garding the clinical prediction received written information (2007). Stereotyping, congru- judged to be biased against of risk for future criminality, about psychiatric advance di- ence and presentation order: the prosecution and to cite the three doctoral interns were rectives (PAD; n=206) or met Interpretative biases in utiliz- potential bias as reason for the asked to choose 10 incarcer- with a facilitator to develop a ing offender profiles. Psy- peremptory challenge if the ated youths who they believed PAD (n=213). Meeting with a chology, Crime, & Law, 13, jurors were black (vs. white). would be re-incarcerated facilitator was associated with 285-303. Participants (n = 222) Undergraduates also rated the within two years post-release. read a description of a suspect black jurors as less likely to AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 21 Interns were 100% accurate in SORAG indicated that offend- predictors of reoffense for molesters, high-risk chronic their predictions. Youths cho- ers with lower actuarial scores both groups. offenders, older non-habitual sen by the interns were more were released at an older age. offenders, and homosexual likely to be re-incarcerated at After controlling for the effect Nunes, K. L., Firestone, P., child molesters. the 2-year follow-up than other of age at release, most item Wexler, A. F., Jensen, T. L., & youths incarcerated at the fa- scores and bin scores showed Bradford, J. M. (2007). Incar- Webster, S.D., Mann, R.E., cility. reduced predictive validity. ceration and recidivism Thornton, D., & Wakeling, among sexual offenders. Law H.C. (2007). Further validation Kingston, W.L., MacTavish, Bengston, S., & Langstrom, N. and Human Behavior, 31, 305- of the Short Self-Esteem Scale A., & Loza-Fanous, A. (2007). (2007). Unguided clinical and 318. Among adult male sexual with sexual offenders. Legal A nine-year follow-up study on actuarial assessment of re- offenders incarcerated (n=399) and Criminological Psychol- the predictive validity of the offending risk: A direct com- or under community supervi- ogy, 12, 207-216. In a samples Self-Appraisal Questionnaire parison with sex offenders in sion (n=228) for their index of incarcerated male sexual of- for predicting violent and non- Denmark. Sex Abuse, 19, 135- sexual offense, logistic regres- fenders (n=1376) and non-of- violent recidivism. Journal of 153. The predictive accuracies sions indicated that risk, as fending males (n=40), the Interpersonal Violence, 22, of the Static-99, Static-2002, measured by a modified Rapid SSES had a high level of inter- 1144-1156. Male offenders and unstructured clinical judg- Risk Assessment for Sexual nal consistency (á=.84) and (N=657) in Canada were admin- ment were compared for Offense Recidivism, predicted test-retest reliability (r=.90). istered the SAQ. Results indi- sexual, severe sexual, or vio- general violent and sexual re- The SSES was able to discrimi- cate adequate predictive valid- lent reoffense in 121 male sex cidivism (d=.59 and .49, respec- nate between different types ity for nonviolent and violent offenders from Denmark. Both tively). Incarceration and of sexual offenders based on recidivism over a 9 year span. actuarial measures were more length of incarceration were victim type. Risk ratios for violent recidi- accurate for sexual recidivism not related to either type of vism in the high risk group and than clinical judgment and no recidivism. Wnuk, D., Chapman, J. E., & medium risk groups were 9.64 method yielded significant re- Jeglic, E. L. (2006). Develop- and 4.38, respectively, while sults beyond 2 years. Nunes, K.L., Hanson, R.K., ment and refinement of a mea- nonviolent recidivism ratios Firestone, P., Moulden, H.M., sure of attitudes toward sex were 4.20 and 2.89, respec- Caldwell, M.F. (2007). Sexual Greenberg, D.M., & Bradford, offender treatment. Journal of tively. offense adjudication and J.M. (2007). Denial predicts Offender Rehabilitation, 43, sexual recidivism among ju- recidivism for some sexual 35-47. In a sample of 170 un- Palmer, E.J. & Hollin, C.R. venile offenders. Sex Abuse, offenders. Sex Abuse, 19, 91- dergraduate students, the At- (2007). The Level of Service 19, 107-113. Recidivism rates 105. Adult male sexual offend- titude Toward the Treatment Inventory revised with English for juvenile sex offenders ers (N=489) were assessed us- of Sex Offenders scale showed women prisoners: A needs and (n=249) were compared with ing the RRASOR and PCL-R. acceptable levels of internal reconviction analysis. Crimi- those from non-sexual offend- Results indicate that denial of consistency (ás = .78-.86) and nal Justice and Behavior, 34, ing delinquents (n=1780). the index offense was associ- a three-factor structure: Inca- 971-985. For female inmates There were no significant dif- ated with increased sexual re- pacitation, Treatment Effec- (N=150), the LSI-R demon- ferences in rates of sexual re- cidivism for low-risk offenders tiveness, and Mandated strated adequate internal con- cidivism between the groups. and decreased recidivism for Treatment. Attitudes regard- sistency (á =.70) and predic- Juvenile sex offenders were high-risk offenders. Denial ing incapacitation were sig- tive validity for reconviction ten times more likely than non- was associated with increased nificantly correlated with atti- using subscale and total LSI- sex offenders to be charged sexual recidivism for offenders tudes regarding treatment Ef- R scores. Factor analysis re- with a non-sexual offense than with related victims. fectiveness (r =.67), but these vealed a one-factor solution a sexual offense. factors were not significantly on LSI-R subscales for female Sandler, J.C. & Freeman, N.J. correlated with attitudes to- inmates, in contrast to the two- Freeman, N.J. (2007). Predic- (2007). Typology of female sex ward mandated treatment (rs factor model for male inmates. tors of rearrest for rapists and offenders: A test of Vandiver = .01 and .07 respectively). child molesters on probation. and Kercher. Sex Abuse, 19, SEX OFFENDERS Criminal Justice and Behav- 73-89. The offense histories of WITNESS ISSUES ior, 34, 752-769. Rapists female sex offenders (N=390) Barbaree, H.E., Lanton, C.M., (n=631) were more likely that were explored and compared Frumkin, L. (2007). Influence & Blanchard, R. (2007). Pre- child molesters (n=4,700) to be with Vandiver and Kercher’s of accent and ethnic back- dicting recidivism in sex of- re-arrested for a nonsexual of- typologies. Results indicate ground on perceptions of eye- fenders using the VRAG and fense, while child molesters support for using victim and witness testimony. Psychol- SORAG: The contribution of were more likely than rapists offender age to typify female ogy, Crime, & Law, 13, 317- age-at-release. International to be re-arrested for a sexual sex offenders, and cluster 331. In a sample of under- Journal of Forensic Mental offense. Criminal history and analysis indicated six distinct graduate mock jurors from the Health, 6, 29-46. Recidivism offender age were significant subtypes; criminally-limited data for sex offenders (N=468) hebephiles, criminally-prone Continued on p. 31 assessed with the VRAG and hebephiles, young adult child Page 22 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Division 41/American Psychology-Law Society Executive Committee (EC) Meeting Minutes San Francisco, CA August 16, 2007 Attending: Eve Brank, Roslyn Caldwell, that we empower the President with the substantial increase over the previous Mary Connell, Brian Cutler, Kevin Dou- discretion to award a Presidential Citation year. In the 2006 data, LHB had the 18th glas, Amy Bradfield-Douglass, Joel once yearly to have an individual attend highest Impact Factor among law journals, Dvoskin, Patty Griffin, Jennifer Groscup, the Annual Meeting to give a talk. This trailing closely behind PPPL (2.163; Saul Kassin, Margaret Kovera, Brad Presidential Citation would include an ranked 17th), and above many very well- McAuliff, Lynn Peterson, Steve Penrod, honorarium of $2000 and travel expenses. respected law reviews. Allyson Redlich, Ronald Roesch, Jen Skeem, This motion passed unanimously. Beth Wiggins, Gary Wells, Patty Zapf 2. Publisher presentations regarding 3. Distinguished Member Designation LHB contract negotiation The meeting was called to order at 2:45pm As was previously reported, a new cat- The EC invited each of the four publish- by President Joel Dvoskin. egory of membership has been estab- ers who submitted proposals for LHB to lished. The Honorary Distinguished Mem- give a brief presentation at the meeting. I. Executive Committee meeting minutes ber designation is open to individuals who Much discussion ensued. The EC made a from March 2007 were approved. have made distinguished contributions to recommendation to the publications com- the field but who are not members of either mittee (Ron Roesch, Brian Cutler, and Jen- II. Treasurer’s Report APA or APLS. Any nominations of individu- nifer Groscup). The publications commit- Brad McAuliff, Treasurer, reported that we als who would qualify for this special cat- tee will follow up on this recommendation are in good financial shape. As of June 30, egory of membership should go through and report back to the EC via email. 2007 we had $599,424 in the bank, which is Edie Greene as she has taken over as chair enough for 2 years worth of operating ex- of the AP-LS Fellows Committee. The EC 3. Committee reports and discussion of penses. Dues income is down this year, would like to thank the outgoing chair, Kirk reports most likely as a result of not having a con- Heilbrun, for his service on this committee. ference in 2007. The budget for 2008 is at- a. Interdisciplinary Grant Committee tached. The numbers represent a conser- 4. Change in Bylaws to enable the addi- No new business to report. vative estimate of income and expenses tion of new journals and thus the anticipated deficit of $10,500 Motion to approve the proposed bylaws b. Continuing Education Committee for 2008 should not be problematic as it change to allow for the possible creation No new business to report. may not materialize. In addition, there is a of new journals was passed unanimously strong possibility that we will receive a with the friendly amendment that the cre- c. Corrections Committee significant increase in income within the ation of any new journal must first be ap- Jennifer Skeem, Chair, reported on the ac- next few years as a result of the new LHB proved by the EC and then by a simple tivities of the corrections committee, which contract negotiations. majority of members voting on the issue. was formed to increase the number of cor- rectional psychologists within APLS and III. Old Business IV. New Business to increase collaboration between Division 18 and 41. The members of this committee 1. Interdivisional Grant Project 1. LHB Editor’s Report are Joel Dvoskin, Patty Griffin, Robert The Interdivisional Grant awarded by APA Brian Cutler reported that LHB received Morgan, Daryl Kroner, Jeremy Mills, and to Divisions 33 and 41 for the purposes of 167 manuscript submissions between Au- Ira Packer and student member Sarah holding a meeting of experts regarding gust 1, 2006 and July 30, 2007. This repre- Manchak. Several proposals have been mental retardation and the death penalty sents an increase of about 4% from the put forth by this committee including: al- is being coordinated by Greg Olley of the same time period in the previous year. The lowing Division 18 members to attend the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. number of days between submission and Annual APLS Meeting at the member rate; Due to delays in receiving the funding initial editorial decision ranged from 1 to inviting a well-established speaker in cor- from APA for this project, the meeting has 68, thanks to the timely work of reviewers, rections to give a talk at the APLS Meet- been delayed until the APA Convention the editorial board, and the editorial team. ing; establishing a seed grant in the amount in Boston in 2008. As of August 1, 38 manuscripts have been of $5000 for early/mid career faculty for accepted for publication (excluding those corrections research; allocating some pro- 2. Marion Wright Edelman nomination in production for the August issue), and gram hours for corrections research at the Mrs. Edelman is not available to attend 23 manuscripts are in revision status. APLS Meetings and having a corrections the APLS meeting in Jacksonville in 2008. Thirty-two manuscripts are published in peer review committee; highlighting cor- With respect to the issue of having the the Online First section of the Springerlink rections research in the call for papers for current APLS President nominate individu- page. Journal operations are running APLS and Division 41 APA meetings; and als for special awards to attend the APLS smoothly and the quality of manuscripts establishing a corrections column in the Annual Meetings, Joel Dvoskin moved accepted for publication is excellent. LHB’s APLS Newsletter. AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 2006 ISI Journal Impact Factor is 2.122, a Page 23 2008 AP-LS Budget d. Mentorship Committee at-Large/Clinical Liaison, Natasha INCOME 2008 Budget Ryann Haw, Chair, reported via email that Elkovitch, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the mentorship section of the APLS and Ryan Montes, Nova Southeastern Dues & Contributions $ 183,000.00 website is operating and a list of frequently University; Member-at-Large/Experimen- LHB Editorial Expenses $ 19,250.00 asked questions is now available online. tal Liaison, Andre Kehn, University of Interest Income $ 17,000.00 A mentorship breakfast was held at the Wyoming, and Sarah Manchak, University Royalties $ 70,000.00 APLS conference in St. Petersburg wherein of California, Irvine; Member-at-Large/ AP-LS Conference $ 100,000.00 students had the opportunity to meet and Law Liaison, Jennifer Hurwitz, Valparaiso connect with mentors. Given the success University. Advertising $ 0.00 of this breakfast the committee is planning Miscellaneous $ 0.00 a similar event for the APLS conference in j. APA 2007 Conference Program TOTAL INCOME $ 389,250.00 Jacksonville. The EC would like to thank Amy Bradfield EXPENSES Douglass and Roslyn Caldwell, Division Meetings & Conferences: e. Fellows Committee 41 co-chairs for APA, for their hard work No new business to report. in putting together a wonderful program. APA Convention Program $ 16,000.00 APA EC Meeting $ 3,000.00 f. Grants in Aid Committee k. APLS 2008 Conference APLS EC meeting at APA $ 17,000.00 Elizabeth Bennett, Chair, reported via email Eve Brank, APLS 2008 co-chair, reported Midwinter EC Meeting $ 13,000.00 that the committee reviewed 14 proposals on the upcoming 2008 APLS Meeting to APLS Confernce $100,000.00 for the spring 2007 funding cycle. Of the be held in Jacksonville, Florida from March 14 proposals, 11 (79%) received funding. 5th through 8th. The co-chairs for this con- Div. Leadership Conference $ 1,500.00 Of the 11 funded submissions, 5 (45%) ference are Eve Brank, David DeMatteo, SUB-TOTAL $150,500.00 recipients were female and 6 (55%) were and Kevin O’Neil. The submission portal Publications: male. A total of $4290.00 was awarded. We through All Academic is now open and Newsletter Expenses $ 2,000.00 received the same number of submissions the deadline for submissions is Septem- Subscriptions to LHB $ 78,000.00 for projects in legal psychology (7) and for ber 21, 2007. Individuals interested in serv- projects addressing clinical/forensic issues ing as reviewers are encouraged to sign Editor Expenses for LHB $ 19,250.00 (7). The recipients were: Jennifer Elak and up through the All Academic portal. Three Web Site Expenses $ 3,000.00 Lezlee Ware; Virginia Fresiello; Robert continuing education workshops are cur- SUB-TOTAL $ 102,250.00 Latzman; Elizabeth Nicholson; Derek Pasma; rently being planned to take place on th Administrative Costs: Tracy O’Connor Pennuto; Thomas Rea; Wednesday March 5 , 2007; a clinical CE General Operating Exp. $ 57,000.00 Dario Rodriguez; Nicholas Schweitzer; Doug workshop, a Florida Bar CLE workshop, Stenstrom; and Femina Varghese. and a statistical workshop. In addition, two Presidential Expenses $ 4,000.00 special events are being planned: a Mi- Treasurer Expenses $ 1,000.00 g. Conference Advisory Committee nority Affairs Committee luncheon, and a SUB-TOTAL $ 62,000.00 The conference advisory committee has “Murder on a Sunday Morning” Plenary. Awards and Committees: named the following individuals as chairs Awards & Dissertations $ 5,000.00 of the upcoming conferences: Keith l. Minority Affairs Committee (MAC) Cruise, Jeffery Neuschatz, and Gina Roslyn Caldwell, Chair, reported on sev- Grants-in-Aid $ 15,000.00 Vincent for APLS 2009 (March 5-8) in San eral recent activities of this committee. Four Interdisciplinary Grant $ 10,000.00 Antonio; and Matt Scullin, Sam Sommers, colleges and universities were visited in Student Committee $ 3,000.00 and Jodi Viljoen for APLS 2010 (March 18- the spring of 2007 as part of the MAC Education Outreach Comm. $ 0.00 21) in Vancouver, Canada. Ambassador’s Program, including: Clark Minority Affairs Comm. $ 21,000.00 Atlanta University, Morehouse College, h. Dissertation Award Committee Spelman College, and the University of Careers & Teaching Comm. $ 1,000.00 No new business to report. New Mexico. In addition, during late fall Rels w/ Other Organizations $ 0.00 2006 and early spring 2007, MAC finalized Mentoring Comm. $ 1,000.00 i. Student Section Report/Elections and mailed the AP-LS Handbook to psy- Specialty Guidelines $ 500.00 Peter Shore, Chair of the Student Section, chology department of Historically Black Corrections Committee $ 8,500.00 reported via email the results of the elec- Colleges and Hispanic Serving Institu- tions for the 2007-2008 student officer tions. Finally, MAC awarded one confer- SUB-TOTAL $ 65,00.00 positions, as follows: Chair, Andrew ence presentation and travel award for the Other: Cassens, Chicago School of Professional APA 2007 Convention to Marsha Brown Dvoskin Presidential Initiative $ 20,000.00 Psychology; Chair-Elect, Gianni Pirelli, of John Jay College of Criminal Justice for Miscellaneous $ 0.00 John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Past- a paper presentation entitled, SUB-TOTAL $ 20,000.00 Chair, Peter Shore, Chicago School of Pro- “Multicultural Competence and Child Pro- fessional Psychology; Secretary/Trea- tection Decision-Making.” surer, David Duke, Chicago School of Pro- TOTAL EXPENSES $ 399,750.00 fessional Psychology; Web Editor, Shan- m. Nominations and Awards Committee PROJECTED NET $ -10,500.00 non Maney, Suffolk University; Member- No new business to report. Page 24 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 n. Scientific Paper Review Committee 5. Visit from Steve Breckler/APA Sci- however, this resolution did not define Saul Kassin reported on the status of the ence Directorate (5:30 PM) degrading treatment. A casebook with ex- whitepaper on interrogation procedures. Kathy Pezdek was appointed by President amples to illuminate ethical nuances and The paper is nearing completion and Joel Dvoskin as the new Liaison to the factors to consider was commissioned but should be ready to send to Bill Thomp- Science Directorate. The EC would like to has not yet been completed. The (what son, Chair of the Scientific Paper Review thank Brian Bornstein for his service as board? APA or AP-LS? ) Board put pro- Committee, in approximately 6 weeks. Liaison to the Science Directorate. posed a substitute motion that reiterates last year’s resolution and enumerates some o. Teaching, Training, and Careers Com- Steve Breckler reported that the Govern- specific techniques that are included in mittee ment Relations Office of the Science Di- the definition of torture and cruel, inhu- Allison Redlich, Chair, reported that she rectorate—which deals with NSF, the De- man, and degrading treatment. will be stepping down as chair of this com- partment of Defense, and the Veterans mittee and the next chair will be Mark Affairs—will now also deal with the De- Patty Griffin proposed that the EC attempt Costanzo, who will invite one or two new partment of Justice within the Science Of- to avoid scheduling meeting dates on APA members to join the committee. The Sum- fice. Anne Bettesworth is now the liaison Council dates (APA Council will meet on mer 2007 APLS Newsletter included a for DoJ within the Science Directorate. Aug 13, 2008 and Aug 12, 2009 from 9am- “Teaching Techniques” column, by 5pm). Future Division 41 APA co-chairs Michelle McCauley, on writing assign- Our Ambassador’s Program has received will be made aware of these dates and ments when teaching psychology and law. very positive review from the Science Di- urged to attempt to schedule the EC Meet- Terese Hall and Garrett Berman have been rectorate Office; however, there is no ing on other dates or times. making great progress in updating the list money in the budget for new initiatives. of psychology and law programs, which Steve Breckler asked the Board to propose 6. Membership Data and Proposal for will be posted to the APLS website. Edie a substitute motion to the Science Direc- Professional Development Committee – Greene and her student are currently in torate and he is fairly certain that there Jen Skeem and Patty Griffin the process of updating the handbook of will be some sort of funding. Steve is com- Jen Skeem and Patty Griffin reported on teaching materials for undergraduate mitted to finding some resources to help some data they, along with Mary Connell, teaching of psychology and law courses. out with this initiative. collected regarding the numbers of women Finally, Edie Greene and Bette Bottoms are at various levels within the profession and planning a pre-conference seminar for Jack- Science Directorate at APA is working hard within APLS. These data show that women sonville 2008, providing students and jun- to address diversity issues within APA and are over-represented at the junior levels ior investigators guidance in getting the they see our Ambassador Program initia- in APLS and rarely receive our highest most out of the conference. tive as a model program. The spirit of this awards. The establishment of a profes- program is consistent with the ambit of sional development committee was pro- p. Undergraduate Paper Award Committee the Science Directorate in responding to posed as a means of emphasizing and de- No new business to report. APA’s call for diversity initiatives. veloping remedies for these issues (to bring more women into the field and to q. Book Series NSF Reauthorization Bill has been working work to increase their development and Ron Roesch, book series editor, reported its way through congress and there has been stature). This motion passed unanimously. that the latest book in the APLS book se- an effort to exclude anything dealing with ries published by Oxford University Press, social or behavioral sciences or biology. V. Additional Informational Items by Roger Levesque on adolescents, media, Some people in our field are currently get and the law, was published this summer. funding from NSF programs that are under 1. Early Career Retention Three additional books are in development: threat of discontinuation. Recently the Presi- Margaret Kovera announced that the fo- Bornstein and Miller on the effects of reli- dent has endorsed language that prioritizes cus of the initiatives for her presidential gion on legal practice and trial outcomes; reauthorizing social sciences projects. year include diversity and early career re- Cutler on eyewitness testimony; and Klein tention. She noted that only one student and Mitchell on judicial decisionmaking. 5. Report of APA Council Representatives member (of about 200) transferred to mem- Beth Wiggins and Patty Griffin reported ber status last year and thus we need to The editor is interested in proposals for new on a number of Counsel issues relevant to find a way to reach out to these early ca- books. Inquiries and proposals from poten- APLS. They indicated that the APLS reer people. Margaret would like to form a tial authors should be sent to Ron Roesch. Ambassador’s Program was highly re- committee and have a meeting to discuss garded by APA but that, at present, APA ideas regarding retaining these early ca- 4. Visit from Cynthia Belar – APA Edu- is not funding new initiatives. reer people as members of the division. Any- cation Directorate one who is interested in working with Mar- Bob Walsh, standing in for Cynthia Belar, One of the major issues currently being garet on this is encouraged to let her know. reported to us that the Education Direc- discussed by APA is that of interrogations torate is collaborating with the Science within the military context. In 2006, APA 2. APLS Grants and Funding Directorate to attempt to find funding for made a resolution that psychologists Margaret Kovera, Chair of the ad hoc com- the APLS Ambassador’s Program. should not participate in any interroga- mittee on APLS grants and funding, re- tions, torture, or degrading treatment; ported on the committee’s proposed plan AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 25 of action for grants and funding, includ- 3. Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psy- 4. Committee on International Relations ing: having an EC Member-at-Large serve chologists in Psychology (CIRP) as coordinator of the grant programs (cur- Randy Otto reported via email on the Michele Galietta will represent APLS at rently, Grants-in-Aid of student research, progress of the revision of the Specialty CIRP. Interdisciplinary Grant Program, and Mi- Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists. He nority Affairs Committee Grants); having expects that another draft of the revised 5. Weiss Lecture on Peace proposals submitted through Lynn Peterson guidelines should be ready in approxi- Motion to approve the nomination of so that membership status can be confirmed; mately 3 months, at which time it will be Clarence Sundrum as the lecturer for the having committee chairs return decisions posted for public review. There has been Weiss Lecture on Peace passed unani- regarding funding to the coordinator so that one major “sticking point”—whether to mously. duplicate funding for the same costs does include “forensic treatment” in the guide- not occur; having the chairs of the MAC lines. Both sides of this issue have been The next meeting will be held in March and the Grants-in-Aid work together to en- argued, with no easy resolution. Anyone 2008 in Jacksonville, Florida at the APLS sure that no MAC proposal receives less who might have thoughts about this co- Meeting. funding than the largest average Grant-in- nundrum is encouraged to contact Randy Aid proposal; and having committee chairs Otto. There will be a meeting and discus- The meeting was adjourned at 7:35 p.m. work with the APLS President to ensure com- sion of the SGFP revisions at the APLS mittees are adequately staffed with members. 2008 Meeting in Jacksonville. Respectfully submitted, A motion to accept these recommendations Patricia A. Zapf, AP-LS Secretary passed unanimously.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND COMMITTEE CHAIRS

• President Margaret Bull Kovera [email protected] • Past-President Joel Dvoskin [email protected] • President-Elect Saul Kassin [email protected] • Secretary Patricia Zapf [email protected] • Treasurer Brad McAuliff [email protected] • Member-at-Large Kevin Douglas [email protected] • Member-at-Large Jennifer Skeem [email protected] • Member-at-Large Mary Connell [email protected] • Council Representative Patty Griffin [email protected] • Council Representative Beth Wiggins [email protected] • Newsletter Editor Jennifer Groscup [email protected] • Publications Editor Ron Roesch [email protected] • Law & Human Behavior Editor Brian Cutler [email protected] • Psychology, Public Policy, & Law Editor Steven Penrod [email protected] • Webpage Editor Adam Fried [email protected] • Liaison to APA Science Directorate Kathy Pezdek [email protected] • Liaison to APA Public Interest Directorate Natacha Blain [email protected] • Liaison to APA Practice Directorate Michele Galietta [email protected] • Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee Allison Redlich [email protected] • Dissertation Awards Eve Brank [email protected] • Educational Outreach Committee Lavita Nadkarni [email protected] • Fellows Committee Edie Greene [email protected] • Grants-in-Aid Beth Bennett [email protected] • Book Award Committee Richard Redding [email protected] • Undergraduate Research Award Committee Livia Gilstrap [email protected] • Committee on Relations with Other Organizations Michele Galietta [email protected] • Scientific Review Paper Committee William Thompson [email protected] • Minority Affairs Committee Roslyn Caldwell [email protected] • Mentorship Committee Ryann Haw [email protected] • Division Administrative Secretary Lynn Peterson [email protected] • Conference Advisory Committee Tonia Nicholls [email protected] • 2006 APA Program Chairs Amy Bradfield [email protected] Roslyn Caldwell [email protected] • 2008 APLS Conference Chairs David DeMatteo [email protected] Kevin O’Neil [email protected] Page 26 Eve Brank [email protected] AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 By-laws of the American Psychology-Law Society Division 41 of the American Psychological Association The Executive Committee has approved c. To inform the psychological and by an individual to the field of Psy- the following changes to the by-laws: legal communities and the general chology and Law. public of current research, educa- 1) There are revisions to Articles 4.7 tional, and service activities in the b. Eligibility for membership as an and 5.4 that would allow for the division field of psychology and law. Associate-at-large shall require the to sponsor journals in addition to Law and master’s degree in psychology from a Human Behavior. Article II: Membership regionally accredited graduate or pro- fessional school.” Initially, Associ- 2) The revisions to Articles 2.1 and 4.3 1. There shall be six categories of ates may not vote or hold office within are necessitated by APA’s ruling that only members in the Society: Members the Association. shall be enrolled in APA members can be referred to as Fel- in the Association, Associates in the law school or in a graduate or under- lows. We have proposed the substitution Association, Members-at-large, As- graduate program in a social or be- of the term Distinguished Member for sociates-at-large, Fellows of the Di- havioral science. those members who would be eligible for vision, Fellows Distinguished Mem- Fellow status but are not APA members. bers of the Society, and Affiliates. 4. Affiliates shall be members who, by reason of their interest in fields Those same by-laws require that the revi- 2. Members and Associates affili- bearing upon the central interests of sions be voted on by the membership. In ated with the American Psychologi- the Society, wish to aid the Society in an electronic ballot, the revisions pass if two- cal Association shall be designated the attainment of its objectives, but thirds of the members voting on the revi- in accordance with the By-Laws of who do not hold membership in the sions approve them. You will be recieving the Association, as follows: American Psychological Association, information shortly about submitting your and who do not meet the eligibility electronic ballot. The following are the re- a. Members shall be those members criteria for affiliation as a Member-at- vised by-laws for your information. who are also members of the Ameri- large. Affiliates include International can Psychological Association and Affiliates, Student Affiliates (includ- who are elected as members in accor- ing High School Student, Under- BY-LAWS OF THE AMERICAN PSY- dance with the provision of Section 5 graduate Student, and Graduate Stu- CHOLOGY-LAW SOCIETY, DIVISION of Article II of the By-Laws for the dent), High School Teacher Affiliates, 41 OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGI- Association. and Community College Teacher Af- CAL ASSOCIATION filiates. b. Associates shall be those who Article I: Name and Purpose are also Associates of the American Student Affiliates will be represented Psychological Association and who in the Division through the Student 1. The name of this organization are elected as Associates in accor- Section of the Society, in accordance shall be: The American Psychology- dance with the provisions of Section with the provisions of Article IV, Sec- Law Society (Society)/Division 41 of 7 of Article II of the By-Laws for the tion 6. the American Psychological Asso- Association. ciation (Association). 5. Members, Associates, and Affili- 3. Members-at-large shall be mem- ates of the American Psychological 2. The purposes of the Society shall bers who, by reason of their compe- Association who apply for Society be: tence in fields bearing upon the cen- membership in the same status held tral interests of the Society, wish to in the Association, and persons who a. To advance the contributions of aid the Society in the attainments of apply to the Society for status as psychology to the understanding of its objectives, but who do not hold Members-at-large, Associates-at- law and legal institutions through membership in the American Psycho- Large, or Affiliate, may be admitted to basic and applied research; logical Association. the Society subject to review by the Secretary, and approval of the mem- b. To promote the education of psy- a. Ordinarily, eligibility for Member- bership of the Society at its annual chologists in matters of law and the at-large shall require a doctorate in business meeting. education of legal personnel in mat- psychology or a related behavioral ters of psychology, including the science or a law degree. However, 6. Members nominated for Fellow appropriate use of psychologists in these requirements may be waived by in the Division or Fellow in the Soci- the legal system; and an affirmative vote of two-thirds of ety must provide evidence of unusual the Executive Committee, given sub- and outstanding contributions in the mission of evidence satisfactory to the area of psychology and law. All can- Executive Committee of contributions AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 27 didates for Division Fellow must be provided elsewhere in these By- and maintaining appropriate accounting of endorsed by at least one Fellow of Laws or assigned by the Executive their receipt. the Division and all candidates for Committee. Society Fellow must be endorsed by a President: c. Secretary: at least one Fellow of the Society. In The President shall be the principal officer The Secretary shall keep the minutes of addition, all candidates for Division of the Society and shall in general super- the meetings of the members of the Execu- Fellow must meet the requirements of vise all of the business and affairs of the tive Committee, be the custodian of the the by-laws of the American Psycho- Society. The President shall preside at all Society records, secure and review evi- logical Association. All members who meetings of the membership and of the dence concerning the qualifications of all are determined to meet the require- Executive Committee and in general shall candidates for membership or changes in ments for Fellow of the Division are perform all duties incident to the office of membership status in the Society, main- also granted status as Fellow of the President and such other duties as may tain an annually-updated membership list, Society. be prescribed by the Executive Committee disseminate information regarding the from time to time. The President shall be Society’s activities to the membership, 7. Voting in the Society shall follow elected for a three year term, serving the and in general perform all duties incident the criteria established in the By-Laws first year as President-Elect, the second to the office of Secretary and such other of the American Psychological Asso- year as President, and the third year as duties as from time to time may be assigned ciation, except that Associates and Immediate Past-President. by the President or by the Executive Com- Affiliates may vote as a member of mittee. The Secretary shall submit a bud- any committee on which they serve. In the absence of the President or in the get for necessary operating expenses to event of the President’s inability to act, the Executive Committee for approval, and 8. Minimum membership dues are the President-elect shall perform the du- shall have the authority to hire an Admin- set by vote of the Executive Commit- ties of the President and, when so acting, istrative Assistant according to the tee and may be imposed on all Fel- shall have all the powers of and be sub- amount approved for such expenses. The lows, Members, Members-at-large, ject to all the restrictions upon the Presi- Secretary shall serve for a three-year term Associates, Associates-at-large, and dent. The President-elect shall perform of office, this term being staggered with Affiliates. Non-payment of dues for such other duties as from time to time may the term of the Treasurer in such a manner two consecutive years shall be con- be assigned by the President or by the as to provide continuity for the Executive sidered as equivalent to resignation Executive Committee. Committee and the Society. from the Society. b. Treasurer: d. Council Members: 9. Life membership is automatically The Treasurer shall have charge and cus- One Council Member shall be responsible conferred on members of the Ameri- tody of and be responsible for all funds of for working with the Society’s Program can Psychological Association who the Society, receive and give receipts for Committee and current and future program have reached the age of 65 years and monies due and payable to the Society, chairs with respect to preparing and de- have been members of the Society for deposit all such monies in the name of the veloping the Society’s annual scientific at least 25 years. On their initiative, Society in such banks or other deposito- programs. One Council Member shall be Members-at-large who are at least 65 ries as shall be selected by the Executive responsible for working with the Society’s and have been members of the Soci- Committee of the Society, prepare an an- Student Committee. Council Members may ety for at least 25 years may submit a nual financial report and a budget for the also take on other duties as assigned by written request for life membership. upcoming year for the Society, and in gen- the President, in consultation with the Ex- Life Members shall be exempt from eral perform all duties incident to the of- ecutive Committee. Council Members paying that portion of their dues not fice of Treasurer and such other duties as shall be elected by Society membership attributable for Journal or Newsletter from time to time may be assigned by the and shall serve terms of three years, these costs and shall retain all other rights President or by the Executive Committee. terms being staggered so that one Coun- and privileges of members of the So- The Treasurer shall serve for a five-year cil Member is elected each year. ciety. term of office, this term being staggered with the term of the Secretary in such a manner as to provide continuity for the 2. There shall be Divisional Repre- Article III: Officers Executive Committee and the Society. sentatives to the Council of Repre- sentatives of the American Psycho- 1. The officers of the Society shall Nothing in this Section shall be construed logical Association in numbers per- consist of a President, a President- to bar collection by the Association or any mitted by the By-Laws of the Asso- elect, a past-President, a Secretary, other entity designated by majority vote ciation. Representatives shall be a Treasurer, three Council Members of the Executive Committee of funds due elected for a five-year term of office. and such other officers as may be and payable to the Society. When such In the event that there is more than elected in accordance with the pro- collection occurs, the Treasurer shall have one Divisional Representative allot- visions of this Article. Each shall charge of ensuring ultimate deposit of ted by the American Psychological perform the usual duties of the re- such funds in the accounts of the Society Association, their terms will be stag- spective office and specific duties Page 28 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 gered in such a manner as to pro- President, by consensus of the vide continuity in representation to a. There shall be an Executive Com- Secretary and Treasurer, or by con- the Council. Divisional Representa- mittee of the Society, consisting of sensus of a simple majority of the tives of the Association shall be the President, the President-elect, Executive Committee. A quorum at members of the Association and the immediate past-President, the any meeting shall consist of a ma- shall be chosen by and only by the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Divi- jority of the entire membership of members of the Society who are also sional Representatives, three the Executive Committee. Deci- members of the Association. Council Members, the newsletter sions shall be made by a simple editor, the editor of the society’s majority of Executive Committee journal, the book series editor, the members present at a meeting. 3. Candidates for office in the Soci- chair of the student section of the ety shall be Fellows, Members, or Society, and such other officers as d. Executive Committee members, Members-at-large of the Society, may be elected in accordance with other than the journal editor and with the exception of Divisional Rep- the provisions of this Article. The book series editor, shall receive no resentatives who must also be mem- newsletter editor, the editor of the salaries for their services to the bers of the American Psychological society’s journal, and the book Society. Executive Committee Association. Officers and Divisional series editor are non-voting, ex- members will be reimbursed for Representatives shall be elected by officio members of the Executive travel to Society executive meet- preferential mail ballot. Committee. Any vacancy occur- ings according to the reimburse- ring in the Executive Committee ment policies then in effect, such Article IV: Committees shall be filled by the affirmative policies to be determined by a two- vote of a majority of the remaining thirds vote of the Executive Com- 1. The President, in appropriate members, though less than a quo- mittee in light of overall financial consultation with officers of the Ex- rum of the Executive Committee, resources and responsibilities of ecutive Committee, may designate provided that the position is not the Society. and appoint one or more commit- filled by the immediate past-Presi- tees, each of which shall consist of dent, past-Secretary, or past-Trea- 3. Fellowship Committee: two or more Members, Members-at- surer of the Society. A Member The Committee on Fellows shall consist large, Fellows, Associates, Associ- elected to fill a vacancy on the Ex- of three Fellows of the Division appointed ates-at-large, or Affiliates. In addi- ecutive Committee shall be elected by the President. It shall be the duty of tion, Ad hoc committees may be ap- for the unexpired term of the pre- the Committee on Fellows to review all pointed by the President to address decessor in that office. All outgo- nominations for Fellowship, to collect and matters of relevance to the Society. ing and incoming members of the consider such supporting materials as are The Committees of the Society shall Executive Committee shall be necessary, and to recommend nominees consist of such standing committees present at the annual meeting of for Fellow status in the Division or Fellow as may be provided by the By-Laws the Executive Committee. With the Distinguished Membership in the Society and such special committees as may consideration of new business, the in accordance with the By-Laws of the be established by the Executive President-elect shall assume the Division/Society and of the Association. Committee. However, no such com- office of President and the incom- mittee shall have the authority of the ing Executive Committee shall take 4. Nomination and Awards Commit- Executive Committee in reference to office. tee: amending, altering, or repealing the The Nomination and Awards Committee By-Laws; electing, appointing, or b. The Executive Committee shall shall consist of the past-President as removing any officer of the Society; have general supervision of the Chairperson, the current President, and or amending or repealing any reso- affairs of the Society, performing three other non-Executive Committee mem- lution of the Executive Committee; the duties and abiding by the limi- bers appointed by the President. nor shall the appointment of any tations specified in these By-Laws. such committee and the delegation Actions of the Executive Commit- a. The Nomination and Awards thereto of authority relieve the Ex- tee affecting Society policy are Committee shall nominate at least ecutive Committee or any individual subject to approval by majority two persons for each office for Executive Committee member of any vote of the membership voting. The which election is being held, tak- responsibility imposed upon it by voting for such matters shall be ing care to assure broad represen- these By-Laws. In accordance with conducted at an annual meeting or tation in the administration of the Article V, Section 7, of the By-Laws by electronic or mail ballot, as de- Society. In addition, any Member, of the American Psychological As- cided by the Executive Committee. Member-at-large, or Fellow of the sociation, all committees shall be Society who gains the support of subject to a review by the 25 of the membership of the Soci- Association’s Board of Directors. c. The Executive Committee shall ety on a petition for nomination meet at least annually. Other meet- shall be nominated for the office. 2. Executive Committee: ings may be held on the call of the AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 29 Membership of the Society shall mittee of the Society as an ex-offi- of the Association, shall notify new be reminded of this option in a cio, voting member. Members, Members-at-large, Asso- timely manner, prior to the holding ciates, Associates-at-large, and Af- of elections. The Nomination and c. The Student Section shall be ap- filiates of the Society of their elec- Awards Committee shall ascertain propriated a budget to further its tion into the Society immediately whether Members, Members-at- prescribed activities. The Student after the annual meeting. Students large, or Fellows so nominated Section shall prepare an annual shall be notified directly by the Sec- meet requirements for office as budget for review, revision, and retary of their membership status in specified in the By-Laws and are approval by the Executive Commit- the Society. The Secretary shall willing to serve if elected. The tee at its annual meeting. The Sec- maintain and update a current list of Committee shall also nominate, in tion also shall submit, at the an- eligible voters. consultation with the Publications nual meeting, a formal written ac- and Communications Committee, counting of the past year’s expen- 3. The Society shall publish a News- candidates to assume editorial du- ditures in light of the established letter for purposes of coordinating ties of Society publications as budget for the previous year. and disseminating news relevant to openings occur. the membership of the Society and 7. Publications and Communica- for conducting Society business. b. The Nomination and Awards tions Committee: Committee shall present nomina- a. As a part of its mandate, the tions for any awards offered by the There shall be a Publications and Newsletter shall publish the min- Society to the Executive Commit- Communications Committee consist- utes of each Executive Committee tee, which will select recipients of ing of the editor of the Society meeting, the annual budget for the these awards by a majority vote. journalLaw and Human Behavior Society, announcements of the (Chair), the editors of other journals petition process as outlined in Ar- 5. Program Committee: published by the Society, the editor ticle IV, Section 4 of these By-Laws, of the Society newsletter, and the and final nominations for Society The President shall appoint two per- editor of the Society book series. offices. sons designated as Co-Chairs to This committee shall: be responsible serve on the Program Committee. for publication of the Society’s b. The editor of the Newsletter shall This committee shall be responsible newsletter, journal, and book series; be nominated by the Nominations for planning the Society’s program advise the Nominations and Awards and Awards Committee, in consul- for the annual convention of the Committee on candidates to assume tation with the Publications and Association and the program for the editorial duties of Society publica- Communications Committee, such annual meeting of the Society. tions as openings occur; oversee appointment subject to the ap- such journals, newsletters, books, proval of the Executive Committee. 6. Student Committee: book series, pamphlets, and other The Editor shall be appointed to a materials as will inform the psycho- three-year term and shall serve as a. This Committee shall work to fur- logical and legal communities and an ex-officio, non-voting member ther the participation of students the public about research and prac- of the Executive Committee. By in the activities of the Society, pro- tice in the area of law and psychol- mutual consent of the newsletter mote and support psycholegal re- ogy; and make recommendations to editor and the Executive Commit- search and practice efforts of stu- the Executive Committee to ensure tee, the appointment may be ex- dents, enhance communication that the membership receives all tended for one additional three- between students interested in the communication and information rel- year term, for a maximum of six interface of psychology and law, evant to Society affairs to the maxi- years. and assist in the professional de- mum extent feasible. velopment of students in careers 4. The Society shall publish a jour- involving psychology and law. Article V: Activities nals with the goal of disseminating results of research and scholarly b. Officers of the Student Section 1. There shall be an annual meeting writing in the area of psychology and of the Society shall be elected ac- of the Society for the presentation law. The editor of the a Journal shall cording to the provisions for such of scientific papers and the discus- be nominated by the Nominations elections established in the Stu- sion of professional matters in the and Awards Committee, in consul- dent Section Guidelines, such field of the Society’s interest. The tation with the Publications and guidelines and any modifications Society shall coordinate its pro- Communications Committee, such thereto subject to the approval of grams with, and participate in, the appointment subject to the approval the Executive Committee. The programs of the Association. of the Executive Committee. The An Chair of the Student Section shall Editor shall be appointed to a five- participate in the Executive Com- 2. The Secretary of the Society, di- rectly or through the Central Office Page 30 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 year term without possibility of ex- Research Briefs participants were told that the video tensions, and shall serve as an ex- Continued from p. 22 showed a theft. Others were told that it officio, non-voting member of the US (N = 174) ratings of credibility, accu- showed a theft and a similar looking foil Executive Committee. racy, and prestige of a videotaped witness reading to children. Response latency for were lower when the witness was German, identifications was longer in the accurate 5. The Society shall publish a book Mexican, or Spanish and also spoke with versus inaccurate group. Automatic rec- series with the goal of disseminat- an accent versus no accent. When the ognition and higher confidence levels were ing results of research and schol- witness was Lebanese and had an accent, more common that witnesses that identi- arly writing in the area of psychol- ratings of credibility, accuracy, and pres- fied the thief or the similar looking foil. ogy and law. The editor of the book tige were significantly lower than other series shall be nominated by the ethnicity and accent present conditions Sumner-Armstrong, C. & Newcombe, P. A. Nominations and Awards Commit- (2007). The education of jury members: tee, in consultation with the Publi- Mueller-Johnson, K., Toglia, M.P., Influences on the determination of child cations and Communications Com- Sweeney, C.D., & Ceci, S.J. (2007). The witnesses. Psychology, Crime, & Law, 13, mittee, such appointment subject to perceived credibility of older adults as 229-244. Mock jurors (N = 125 jury eligible the approval of the Executive Com- witnesses and its relation to ageism. Be- individuals) viewed videotaped testimony mittee. The Editor shall be appointed havioral Sciences and the Law, 25, 355- (accurate versus not accurate) of a child for a five-year term and shall serve 375. Undergraduates (N = 212) read infor- who witnessed a staged theft. Before as an ex-officio member of the Ex- mation about an involuntary manslaugh- watching the video, some participants were ecutive Committee. By mutual con- ter case that varied by eyewitness gender given information about child witnesses sent of the book series Editor and (male/female) and age (49/69/79/89). Over- and the appropriateness of interview ques- the Executive Committee, the ap- all, older adults (79 and 89) were viewed tions used with such witnesses. Partici- pointment may be extended for an as more honest, with older male witnesses pants who were given the information additional five year term, for a maxi- being given especially high ratings on more accurately assessed the accuracy of mum of ten years. several characteristics. Later, 94 students the child witness. competed these ratings for a 79-year-old 6. An annual meeting of the Soci- witness. Generally, students with higher Wilcock, R. A., Bull, R., & Vrij, A. (2007). ety will be held at a time different scores on an ageism measure evaluated Are old witnesses always poorer wit- from the annual meeting of the the older witness as being less credible. nesses? Identification accuracy, context American Psychological Associa- reinstatement, own-age bias. Psychology, tion. Neuschatz, J. S., Lawson, D. S., Fairless, Crime, & Law, 13, 305-316. After watch- A. H., Powers, R. A., Neuschatz, J. S., ing a video of men (an older and younger Article VI: Amendments Goodsell, C. A., et al. (2007). The mitigat- man) breaking into a house, undergradu- ing effects of suspicion on post-identifi- ates aged 16-30 (n = 49) and individuals 1. Amendments to these By-Laws cation feedback and on retrospective eye- aged 64-86 (n = 47) were asked to identify may be proposed by a majority vote witness memory. Law and Human Behav- the men in a lineup (targets absent vs. of the Executive Committee or by a ior, 31, 231-247. Undergraduates watched present). Context was provided to some majority vote of the membership a video of a store robbery and were asked participants in the form of photographs present at any annual meeting. Rati- to identify the culprit from a target-absent from the house. Older participants made fication of the amendment proposed lineup of five photos. In Experiments 1 and less accurate identifications, but benefited requires a two-thirds majority of 2, those who received confirmation about from context to make correct identification. those of the membership voting by their choice were more confident about No evidence of own-age bias was found. electronic or mail ballot, or by a two their identification than those who did not thirds vote of those members attend- receive feedback or those who were Wright, R., Powell, M. B., & Ridge, D. ing any annual meeting, providing warned, immediately or one week later, (2007). What criteria do police officers that notice of the vote on the pro- about motive of receiving feedback. Ex- use to measure the success of an inter- posed By-Law Amendment was ad- periment 3 revealed that the effectiveness view with a child? Psychology, Crime, & vertised in at least one issue of the of mitigating confidence inflation was time- Law, 13, 395-404. The authors evaluated Society newsletter that was distrib- limited. the effectiveness of 75 police officers’ (n uted prior to the annual meeting at = 44 females; 31 males) interviews with a which the vote on the proposed By- Ross, D. F., Benton, T. R., McDonnell, S., child who participated in one of three Law amendment occurs. Metzger, R., Silver, C. (2007). When accu- events (e.g., reading a story, interacting rate and inaccurate eyewitnesses look the with a puppet, and finding a hidden sur- Final Revisions: September 16, 2007, same: A limitation of the “pop-out” effect prise). Officers believed that effectiveness Margaret Bull Kovera, President and the 10- to 12-second rule. Applied depended on the ease with which the child Cognitive Psychology, 21, 677-690. Par- could talk about the event, rather than on ticipants (N=433) watched a video after the use of appropriate questions to elicit being told it was about interactions be- the information from the child. tween teachers and preschoolers. Some AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 31 Nominations, Awards, and Announcements AP-LS Award for Outstanding Teaching and Mentoring Congratulations to AP-LS Fellow and in the Field of Psychology & Law Honorary Distinguished Members!

Nominations are now being sought for the 2008 The Fellows Committee approved the Fellowship application of one current APA Fellow, Andrew Benjamin, and six individuals Outstanding Teaching & Mentoring Award. nominated to become Honorary Distinguished Members of AP- LS: Paul Appelbaum, Richard Bonnie, Michael Perlin, Chris THE DEADLINE IS JANUARY 2, 2008 Slobogin, David Wexler, and Bruce Winick. Honorary Distin- guished Members are those individuals who have made signifi- Eligibility for 2008 Award: cant contributions to our field but who are not members of AP-LS Nominees should be persons who have made substantial or APA. Congratulations to all on these well-deserved honors. contributions to student training in the field of psychology and law. To be eligible for the 2008 award, an individual must: Fellow Status in the • be from a program or department that is American Psychological Association undergraduate-only or MA-terminus [persons teaching/mentoring in law schools only are not eligible] Becoming a Fellow recognizes outstanding contributions to psy- • have a doctoral degree (OR a law degree, whichever chology and is an honor valued by many members. Fellow nomi- comes first, if both have been earned) for at least 7 years nations are made by a Division to which the Member belongs. • have been teaching and/or mentoring students in The minimum standards for Fellow Status are: psychology and law for at least 5 years • Doctoral degree based in part upon a psychological disserta- Nominations/Applications: tion, or from a program primarily psychological in nature and con- To apply, send 4 copies of a nomination package ferred by a regionally accredited graduate or professional school. • Prior status as an APA Member for at least one year. consisting of NO MORE THAN 15 TOTAL PAGES • Active engagement at the time of nomination in the advance- including the following: ment of psychology in any of its aspects. • Nominee’s statement (1-2 pages) of teaching/mentoring • Five years of acceptable professional experience subsequent to philosophy, goals, and accomplishments, especially as the granting of the doctoral degree. related to the field of psychology and law. • Evidence of unusual and outstanding contribution or perfor- • Abbreviated curriculum vitae (3 pages maximum) mance in the field of psychology. • Summarized student evaluation data • At least one, but no more than three, supporting letters To find out more information, contact Lisa Orejudos in the APA from peer reviewers or students office at 202/336-5590, or by E-mail at: [email protected] • Other relevant documentation such as descriptions of current and past student achievements; mentoring in one-on-one teaching contexts (e.g., advising, clinical Now Updated: Resource Directory of Forensic supervision); teaching in the community (e.g., Psychology Pre-Doctoral Internship Training workshops that bring psychology and law to applied audiences); teaching-related committee work or Programs scholarship; development of new curricula, courses, The APLS Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee is pleased course materials, or instructional methods. to announce that the newly updated “Resource Directory of Forensic Psychology Pre-Doctoral Internship Training Programs” Self nominations are encouraged. is now available on-line at the APLS website www.ap-ls.org. This Send applications and questions to: directory includes a listing of U.S and Canadian pre-doctoral Allison D. Redlich, Ph.D. internships with forensic rotations including: setting, population, Careers and Training Committee type of forensic assessment and treatment experiences, as well as Policy Research Associates, Inc. time spent at each training experience. Email and website addresses have been included to facilitate contact with internship programs. 345 Delaware Avenue This directory is a must-have for students interested in forensic Delmar, NY 12054 psychology. Tel: 518-439-7415 Fax: 518-439-7612 The TCC is indebted to Professor Alvin Malesky and Allison Email: [email protected] Croysdale for all their efforts spent in updating this directory.

Page 32 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Nominations, Awards, and Announcements

AP-LS Dissertation Award Program AP-LS Award for Best Undergraduate The American-Psychology Law Society confers Disserta- Paper tion Awards for scientific research and scholarship that is relevant to the promotion of the interdisciplinary study of Description: psychology and law. Persons who will have completed dis- The AP-LS Award for Best Undergraduate Paper is awarded to an sertations in 2007 that are related to basic or applied re- outstanding undergraduate research paper that is focused on the search in psychology and law, including its application to interdisciplinary study of psychology and law. public policy, are encouraged to submit their dissertations for consideration for the awards. First ($500), second ($300), Eligibility: To be eligible for an award, the student must be the major and third ($100) place awards are conferred. Winners will contributor to a project on a topic relevant to psychology and law also present their research at the 2008 conference in Jack- (i.e., the student had primary responsibility for initiating and sonville. conducting the project even though the project will usually be conducted under the supervision of a mentor). At the time that the To apply for the Dissertation Awards, please attach the fol- student submits a paper for this award, the student must be the lowing items in an email to Eve Brank first author on a submission to the annual AP-LS conference on ([email protected]) by January 1, 2008: 1) the the same work. Data collection should be complete. Students may dissertation as it was turned in to the student’s university, 2) submit their work during their first post-undergraduate year as the dissertation with all author (and advisor) identifying in- long as the work was conducted during their undergraduate career. formation removed, and 3) a letter of support from the dis- sertation advisor. You must be a member of AP-LS in order Nominations/Applications: Send one copy of each of the to receive a dissertation award. following: ƒ A statement by the student describing their role in initiating, conducting, analyzing and writing the project (150 words or fewer). ƒ APA style manuscript or thesis detailing the research to be considered for an award in less than 20 pages of text. 2007 Saleem Shah Award: ƒ Letter of support from the student’s faculty supervisor; this Call for Nominations letter must characterize the nature and extent of the student’s contribution to the project. This is an award given annually by APLS and the American Acad- emy of Forensic Psychology for early career contributions to fo- Submissions: rensic psychology in areas of practice, research, or public policy. Submissions must be received either via email (preferred— in .pdf The recipient must have received the doctoral degree (or law de- or .doc formats) or postal mail by the committee chair on or before gree, whichever comes later, if both have been earned) within the June 30. last 6 years. The award includes $2,000, as well as the opportunity to give the Saleem Shah Address. Email: [email protected] Mail: Veronica Stinson, Chair of the AP-LS Undergraduate Nominations must include 1) a letter detailing the nominee’s con- Paper Award Committee, tributions to psychology and law and 2) a copy of the nominee’s Department of Psychology, vita. Self-nominations will not be considered. Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada B3H 3C3 Please send nominations to: Nomination Deadline: June 30 (annually) Philip H. Witt, Ph.D. Associates in Psychological Services, P.A. Decision Made By: AP-LS Undergraduate Paper Award 25 N. Doughty Ave. Committee Somerville, NJ 08876 Proposals will be judged based on independence, originality, Or [email protected] contribution to field, soundness of design and analyses, and quality of writing. The deadline is December 1, 2007. Awarded: First, second, and third place winners will be determined. Award recipients will be invited to present their work at the next AP-LS Conference and will be recognized as winners of this Award.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 33 Division News and Information 2008 American Academy of Forensic Psychology Workshops Schedule

January 9-13, 2008, San Antonio, TX, Hilton Palacio Interrogations and Disputed Confessions: Forensic Assessment Del Rio Hotel $149 (Fri., 2/8/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Gregory DeClue, Ph.D. Assessment of Competence to Stand Trial (Wed., 1/9/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M. ) Parenting Coordination: Working with High Conflict Families (Fri., Randy Otto, Ph.D. 2/8/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Robin Deutsch, Ph.D. Comprehensive Assessment of Malingering in Forensic Settings (Thurs., 1/10/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Legal Issues in Civil Litigation (Sat., 2/9/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Richard Frederick, Ph.D. John Petrila, JD, LL.M.

Role of the Forensic Psychologist in Death Penalty Litigation Assessment of Competence to Stand Trial (Sat., 2/9/08; 8:45 A.M. (Thurs., 1/10/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M. ) – 4:45 P.M.) James Eisenberg, Ph.D. Randy Otto, Ph.D.

Implementation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in Forensic and Assessment of Psychological Impairment in Civil Settings (Sun., Correctional Settings (Fri., 1/11/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) 2/10/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Robin McCann, Ph.D. William Foote, Ph.D.

Clinical Neuropsychology for the Forensic Psychologist (Fri., 1/ Preparing for Board Certification in Forensic Psychology (Sun., 2/ 11/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) 10/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Robert Denney, Ph.D. Ira Packer, Ph.D.

Children, Divorce, and Custody: New Research and Roles for Psy- March 5-9, 2008, Hyatt Regency Jacksonville, FL, chologists (Sat., 1/12/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) $131 (Concurrent with AP-LS) Robert Emery, Ph.D. Advanced Topics in Criminal Forensic Assessment (Wed., 3/5/08; Ethical Issues for the Forensic Practitioner (Sat., 1/12/08; 8:45 A.M. 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M. ) Alan Goldstein, Ph.D. – 4:45 P.M.) Donald Bersoff, JD, Ph.D. Law School Crash Course: Foundational Information for Forensic Practice (Thurs., 3/6/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Police Psychological Assessment (Sun., 1/13/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 Craig Lareau, JD, Ph.D. P.M.;) David Corey, Ph.D. Assessments in Contested Parenting Time and Access Matters (Thurs., 3/6/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Contending with Cross Examinations (Sun., 1/13/08; 8:45 A.M. – Mary Connell, Ed.D. 4:45 P.M.) Terence Campbell, Ph.D. The Defendant: Impact of Mental Disability in the Criminal Law Process (Fri., 3/7/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) February 6-10, 2008 New Orleans, LA, Le Pavillon Michael Perlin, JD Hotel, $134 Psychological Independent Medical Examinations in Disability Developments in Risk Assessment (Wed., 2/6/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Matters (Fri., 3/7/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Kirk Heilbrun, Ph.D. Lisa Piechowski, Ph.D.

Introduction to Child Custody Evaluations (Thurs., 2/7/08; 8:30 The MMPI-2-RF (Restructured Form): An Introduction for Foren- A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) sic Psychologists (Sat, 3/8/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) David Martindale, Ph.D. Yosef Ben-Porath, Ph.D.

Law of Criminal Competence from A to Z (Thurs., 2/708; 8:45 A.M. Psychological Assessment of Parents in Child Protection Matters – 4:45 P.M.) (Sat., 3/8/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Christopher Slobogin, JD, LL.M. Karen Budd, Ph.D. Page 34 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Division News and Information 2008 American Academy of Forensic Psychology Workshops Schedule

Preparing for Board Certification in Forensic Psychology (Sun., 3/ Children’s Memory: Interviewing Children to Preserve Accurate 9/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Testimony (Fri., 9/19/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Linda Berberoglu, Ph.D. Jodi Quas, Ph.D.

May 14-18, 2008, San Francisco, CA, The Miyako Violence Risk Assessment and Management Using Structured Hotel, $149 Professional Judgment (Fri., 9/19/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Kevin Douglas, Ph.D., LL.M. Police Psychology (Wed., 5/14/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M. ) Mark Zelig, Ph.D. Forensic Applications of the MMPI-2 (Sat., 9/20/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Adolescents as Adults in Court (Thurs., 5/15/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 Roger Greene, Ph.D. P.M.) Elizabeth Cauffman, Ph.D. Overview of the Hare Psychopathy Scales (Sat., 9/20/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Conducting Child Custody Evaluations (Thurs., 5/15/08; 8:45 A.M. Stephen Hart, Ph.D. – 4:45 P.M.) Marsha Hedrick, Ph.D. Use of the Personality Assessment Inventory in Forensic & Cor- rectional Settings (Sun., 9/21/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) The Role of the Forensic Psychologist in Death Penalty Litigation (Fri., 5/16/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) John Edens, Ph.D. Mark Cunningham, Ph.D.

Psycholegal Assessment of Employment Discrimination & Sexual Nov. 4 – Nov. 9, 2008, Dearborn, MI., Harassment Allegations (Fri., 5/16/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Hyatt Regency Dearborn, $119 Herb Weissman, Ph.D. Schedule to be announced Stalking: The State of the Science (Sat., 5/17/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) Reid Meloy, Ph.D.

Forensic Report Writing (Sat., 5/17/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) LIM- American Academy of Forensic Psychology ITED TO 15 REGISTRANTS Workshop Schedule: 2008 Thomas Grisso, Ph.D. The American Academy of Forensic Psychology, the membership Malingering and Forensic Practice: Conceptual Issues and Clini- of ABPP board certified forensic psychologists, presents an on- cal Methods (Sun., 5/18/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) going series of workshops and training seminars led by leaders in Richard Rogers, Ph.D. the field of forensic psychology. Workshops focus on contempo- rary psycho-legal issues relevant to forensic, child, clinical and neuropsychologists and are designed for those interested in pur- September 17-21, 2008, Las Vegas, NV, The Riviera suing psycho-legal topics in depth. Hotel Casino, $115 The schedule for 2007-2008 can be found at www.abfp.com, along Ethical Issues for the Forensic Practitioner (Wed., 9/17/08; 8:30 with a listing of the specific topics covered in each workshops. A.M. – 4:30 P.M. More information also appears in Conference and Workshop plan- Donald Bersoff, JD, Ph.D. ner on page 38 and detailed information about upcoming work- shops appears to the left. Conducting Child Custody Evaluations (Thurs., 9/18/08; 8:30 A.M. – 4:30 P.M.) The American Academy of Forensic Psychology is approved by Steve Sparta, Ph.D. the American Psychological Association to offer continuing edu- cation for psychologists. AAFP maintains responsibility for its Risk Assessment and Management in Probation and Parole Con- programs. texts (Thurs., 9/18/08; 8:45 A.M. – 4:45 P.M.) Jennifer Skeem, Ph.D. AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 35 Division News and Information APLS Book Series Psychology, Public Policy & Law: The APLS book series is published by Oxford University Editorial Statement Press. The series publishes scholarly work that advances the field of psychology and law by contributing to its theo- Psychology, Public Policy, and Law focuses on the links between retical and empirical knowledge base. The latest book in our psychology as a science and public policy and law. It publishes articles of modest length that (a) critically evaluate the contribu- series has now been published. tions and potential contributions of psychology and relevant in- formation derived from related behavioral and social sciences to Levesque, R. J. R. (2007). Adolescents, media and the law: public policy and legal issues; (b) assess the desirability of differ- What developmental science reveals and free speech re- ent public policy and legal alternatives in light of the scientific quires. NY: Oxford University Press. knowledge base in psychology; and (c) examine public policy and legal issues relating to the science and practice of psychology Books in the APLS series are available online from Oxford and related disciplines. Although some of these issues may be University Press (note that APLS members receive a 25% addressed in articles currently being submitted to traditional law discount, as shown on the website): http://www.us.oup.com/ reviews, this publication uniquely provides peer review, both sci- us/collections/apls/?view=usa entific and legal input, and editorial guidance from psychologists and lawyers. Through publication in a single forum, the journal will also focus the attention of scholarly, public policy, and legal The editor is interested in proposals for new books. Inquir- audiences on such work. Original empirical research reports that ies and proposals from potential authors should be sent to apply psychological science to questions of policy and/or law are Dr. Ronald Roesch, Series Editor (E-mail: [email protected] welcome and encouraged. Empirical research must make a signifi- or phone: 604-291-3370). cant contribution to public policy and/or the law. Such empirical work is preferably multistudy, multijurisdictional, longitudinal, or The following are recently published books in the AP-LS in some other way either broad in scope, of major national signifi- book series: cance, or both.

Haney, C. (2005). Death by design: Capital punishment as a social psychological system. Description of Law and Human Behavior Koch, W. J., Douglas, K. S., Nicholls, T. L., & O’Neill, M. Law and Human Behavior, the official journal of the American (2005). Psychological injuries: Forensic assessment, Psychology-Law Society/Division 41 of the American Psychological treatment and law. Association, is a multidisciplinary forum for the publication of ar- Posey, A. J., & Wrightsman, L. S. (2005). Trial consulting. ticles and discussions of issues arising out of the relationships be- Stefan, S. (2006). Emergency department treatment of the tween human behavior and the law, our legal system, and the legal psychiatric patient: Policy issues and legal require- process. This journal publishes original research, reviews of past ments. research, and theoretical studies from professionals in criminal jus- Wrightsman, L. S. (2006). The psychology of the Supreme tice, law, psychology, sociology, psychiatry, political science, educa- Court. tion, communication, and other areas germane to the field. Slobogin, C. (2006). Proving the unprovable: The role of law, science, and speculation in adjudicating cul- AP-LS/Division 41 members receive Law and Human Behavior as part of their membership. To join the American Psychology-Law Society and pability and dangerousness. receive Law and Human Behavior, please visit www.ap-ls.org.

Book and Test Reviews Announcement from APA’s Committee on Written (or read) a new book you want reviewed ? A psy- International Relations in Psychology chological test that you want readers to know about ? Rec- ommendations for books, tests, or other media that you would APA’s Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP) like to see reviewed in the APLS News should be forwarded is starting an initiative to begin a speaker’s bureau for the UN. to Jennifer Groscup, ([email protected]). Offers to They are interested in compiling a directory of division 41 mem- bers who live in or near the NYC region, who would be willing to review the work of others, or recommendations as to who speak (pro-bono) at the UN on various topics (forensic and other). an appropriate review might be for your own work are al- For those interested, please email a brief bio describing areas of ways appreciated. expertise and a recent cv to: Michele Galietta, Ph.D. at [email protected] Page 36 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Fellowships and Positions

John Jay College of Criminal Justice hiring in seling. A Ph.D. or Psy.D. in counseling or counseling psychology Cognitive, Psychology & Law, Clinical, Quantita- is required. tive, and Counselling Review of applications will begin October 15, although applica- tions will continue to be reviewed until the position is filled. Send John Jay College of Criminal Justice of The City University of cover letter, C.V., statements of teaching & research interests, 3 New York is seeking to fill a full-time tenure-track line for Fall 2008 reference letters to: Dr. Maureen O’Connor, Chair, Psych. Depart- in COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY or PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW ment, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY, 445 W. 59th (broadly defined), Ph.D. (or Psy.D.) in Psychology required, with Street, New York, NY 10019. John Jay College is an Equal Employ- a strong record of or potential for excellence in/dedication to un- ment Opportunity/Affirmative Action/Immigration Reform and dergraduate teaching and pedagogy, and an active research agenda Control Act/Americans with Disabilities Act Employer. Address and demonstrated scholarly work in either area. The Psychology questions to Dr. Maureen O’Connor, Psychology Department Department is interested in psychologists who are committed to Chair, [email protected]. pursuing scholarship and teaching at the highest professional levels, and who are well-grounded in the science and practice of The Psychology Department at John Jay College, with 35 full-time psychology. Specifically, successful candidates will be expected professors, has just created a new MA Program in Forensic Men- to bring enthusiasm and demonstrated commitment to teaching, tal Health Counseling, to complement its MA in Forensic Psy- to develop and maintain an active and successful research and chology. We also have a Doctoral Program in Forensic Psychol- publication agenda in selected areas of psychology; to provide ogy located at John Jay College, and we participate in a Doctoral strong mentoring of students in research activities and/or super- Program in Criminal Justice. There are several distinguished pro- vision of clinical experience; and, to participate actively in public fessors in the department: Saul Kassin, Cathy Widom and Steve and professional service. We seek scholars with strong interdis- Penrod. For further information about John Jay College, please ciplinary interests to fully engage with the vibrant scholarly com- see www.jjay.cuny.edu/psychology. munity here at the College, throughout CUNY, nationally, and in- ternationally, and are particularly interested in those scholars whose work focuses on ethnic minority or under-served popula- tions. University of California, Irvine Assistant Professor, Psychology and Law John Jay College of Criminal Justice of The City University of New York is seeking to fill a full-time tenure-track senior position The University of California, Irvine invites applications for a joint for Fall 2008 in CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY. Ph.D. in Clinical position in Psychology and Law at the level of Assistant Profes- Psychology required, preference for clinical scientist at the senior sor. The successful candidate will join the Department of Crimi- level, with an established program of research and scholarly record, nology, Law & Society and the Department of Psychology & significant experience in graduate education, mentoring, and clini- Social Behavior. Applicants should have a record of successful cal supervision, but not necessarily directly in the field of forensic research in an area that links psychology and law. Candidates psychology. The Psychology Department is interested in psy- must have a Ph.D., and preference will be shown for those with a chologists who are well-grounded in the science and practice of J.D. as well. Candidates must have an active program of research clinical psychology. We seek a clinical psychologist to play an and demonstrated excellence in teaching. Evidence of success in active role in the CUNY Graduate Center’s doctoral program in securing extramural funding to support research and graduate psychology with a specialization in forensic psychology. Specifi- students is desired. cally, successful candidates will be expected to bring enthusiasm and demonstrated commitment to teaching, to have an active and Applications must be uploaded electronically and should include: successful research and publication record; and to mentor and/or a letter of interest, curriculum vita, representative pre-prints/re- supervise students in research and/or clinical work. prints, and three letters of reference. Please refer to the “Employ- ment” link on following web site for instructions on how to apply: John Jay College of Criminal Justice of The City University of New York is seeking to fill a full-time tenure-track line for Fall 2008 http://www.soceco.uci.edu/ in QUANTITATIVE PSYCHOLOGY or PSYCHOMETRICS at the assistant or associate level with research/publication record (re- To ensure full consideration, application files should be completed search area open). no later than October 22, 2007. The University of California, Irvine, is an equal opportunity employer committed to excellence through John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY offers a Tenure Track diversity, has a National Science Foundation Advance Gender Position in the Psychology Department, anticipated for Fall 2008: Equity Program, and is responsive to the needs of dual career ASSISTANT/ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR with strong teaching/re- couples. Please direct questions about this position to Elizabeth search/clinical record in COUNSELING or COUNSELING PSY- Robison via email at [email protected]. CHOLOGY, for new MA Program in Forensic Mental Health Coun-

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 37 Fellowships and Positions

ted to a pluralistic campus community through affirmative action Two Positions Available at and equal opportunity and is responsive to the needs of dual University of Nebraska – Lincoln career couples. We assure reasonable accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act: Contact Claudia Price-Decker The advertisement to follow announces two positions in the De- at (402) 472-3721 for assistance. partment of Psychology at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln. The first is for a child or family clinical psychologist. Individuals For more information about the Department of Psychology see interested in policy and/or forensic issues as well as child, or http://www.unl.edu/psypage/ family clinical interests, as well will be considered. The second position is for a social psychologist who works in the area of legal decision making broadly defined. Individuals interested in dis- crimination research, affirmative action, and other diversity prob- lems in judicial, jury, or policy judgments are legal decision re- searchers that would meet the job requirements, as would other individuals with general expertise in legal decision making. The University of Florida University of Nebraska at Lincoln has doctoral programs in bio- Department of Criminology, Law, and Society logical, clinical, cognitive, developmental, legal, and social psy- chology. The joint degree program JD/Ph.D. in Psychology and The Department of Criminology, Law, and Society (CLS) and the Law has strong emphases in social psychology and mental health Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Florida policy and is the oldest existing program of its type in North invite applications for a joint appointment as a tenure-track assis- America. tant or associate professor to begin in August 2008. Tenure ac- crual will be in CLS. Qualifications include a Ph.D. in a relevant Richard Wiener social science discipline and evidence of excellence in teaching Director, Law and Psychology Program (UNL) and research focusing on crime, law and criminal justice in Latin America in comparative perspective. Candidates should demon- strate an ability to work collaboratively with faculty and students The Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln across departments and disciplines. Submit a letter that describes seeks to fill two tenure-track, Assistant Professor positions be- your research and teaching interests, a copy of your curriculum ginning August, 2008. 1. Clinical Psychology, with expertise in vitae, three letters of recommendation, and a sample of your writ- child and family issues: Responsibilities include maintaining an ten work to Ronald L. Akers, Search Chair, Department of Crimi- active program of research, including pursuit of external funding; nology, Law & Society, PO Box 115950, Gainesville Fl 32611-5950. research and clinical supervision of students, and teaching gradu- Review of applications will begin Nov. 26 and continue until the ate and undergraduate courses in psychology. Qualifications in- position is filled. If an accommodation due to a disability is needed clude Ph.D. in clinical psychology or equivalent, record of achieve- to apply for this position, please call (352) 392-2HRS or the Florida ment in scholarship and teaching, and license eligibility. 2. Social Relay System at (800) 955-8771 (TDD). The University of Florida Psychology, with expertise in legal decision making: Responsi- is an Equal Opportunity Institution. bilities include maintaining an active program of research, includ- ing pursuit of external funding; research supervision of students, and teaching graduate and undergraduate courses in psychol- ogy. Qualifications include Ph.D. in social psychology or equiva- lent, record of achievement in scholarship and teaching, and ex- pertise in legal decision making, such as discrimination, affirma- tive action, sexual harassment, jury and judicial decision making, Fellowship and Position listings are included in the APLS or social policy. Review of applications will begin November 9, News at no charge as a service to members and affiliates. 2007 and continue until the position is filled. Send letter of appli- All listings should be forwarded, in MS Word or WordPerfect, cation, vita, reprints, and three letters of recommendation to: David with minimal formatting included to Jennifer Groscup DiLillo, Chair, Clinical Search Committee, or Richard Wiener, Chair, Social and Legal Psychology Search Committee, Department of ([email protected]). Deadlines are January 15, May Psychology, 238 Burnett Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 15, and September 15, with each issue placed online ap- Lincoln, NE 68588-0308. In addition, to be considered for the proximately one month later. Any requests for Fellowship positions please complete the on-line application form at http:// and Position listings should include details regarding which employment.unl.edu, requisition #070730 (Clinical Search) or issues of the newsletter the listing should be included (i.e., a #070729 (Social Search). These positions are contingent upon one-time listing, for a specified number of issues or period of the availability of funds. The University of Nebraska is commit- time, or a listing that should appear on a regular schedule).

Page 38 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Fellowships and Positions The Department of Mental Health Law & Policy About the application process The review of applications will begin on January 16, 2008. Appli- Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute cations must be complete and include a cover letter detailing the applicant’s University of South Florida qualifications for the position, including a description of the applicant’s research program and obtained or pending external funding; full contact The Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, Louis de la Parte information for at least three references (approval to contact references Florida Mental Health Institute (FMHI), University of South Florida is assumed unless otherwise stated); a current curriculum vitae; and a (USF) invites applications from qualified candidates for either of two maximum of three reprints of representative publications. Faxed and e- 12-month, tenure earning faculty positions, Position Numbers 9102 or mailed applications will not be considered. Faxed and e-mailed applica- 6368, Associate Professor or Assistant Professor, depending on the quali- tions will not be considered. Applications should be mailed to fications of the applicant. Full salary support will be made available for the first three years the faculty member is in the position. After that Roger Boothroyd, Ph.D. point, the faculty member will be expected to earn a minimum of 25 Professor, Florida Mental Health Institute percent of their salary from external funding). Women and minorities are MHC 2719 encouraged to apply. University of South Florida 13301 Bruce Downs Blvd Position Description Tampa, FL 33612 The successful candidates will bring a national reputation and estab- lished research program (or demonstrate the potential for such) focused The State of Florida has a Public Meetings Law and a Public Records on the provision of public sector mental health and/or substance abuse Law and all university searches are conducted under the terms thereof. services, with an emphasis on critical needs populations (e.g., juvenile All meetings of the Search Committee are publicly announced and con- justice, corrections, abused and neglected children or adults, persons ducted. All documents submitted to the committee are treated as open with substance use or co-occurring disorders, prevention, disparities), material with the exception of evaluative documents specific to the per- evidence-based practices, outcome research, or financing of behavioral formance of the faculty of the State University System of Florida. USF health services. The faculty member will be expected to secure ongoing is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, equal access institution. For external support for their research program and to promote and dissemi- disability accommodations contact Becky Hatten, at 813/974-9342 at nate research findings at the national and international levels. In addition least 5 working days in advance of need. to securing sponsored research funds, the faculty member will be active in teaching and professional outreach related to behavioral health ser- vices, and will develop collaborative research partnerships with Univer- sity colleagues, as well as local, state, and federal agencies. Princeton University’s Program in Law and Public Affairs (LAPA) Minimum Qualifications For the Associate Professor, a terminal degree (e.g., Ph.D., J.D., DR.PH) Princeton University’s Program in Law and Public Affairs (LAPA) in social sciences, law, or equivalent, a minimum of five years experience invites outstanding faculty, independent scholars, lawyers, and in behavioral health services research and demonstrated support, in part, judges to apply for appointments as Fellows for the academic by external funding. year 2008-2009.

For the Assistant Professor, a terminal degree (e.g., Ph.D., J.D., DR.PH) We anticipate naming up to six Fellows who are engaged in sub- in social sciences, law, or equivalent, with demonstrated potential to stantial research on topics broadly related to law and public af- secure external funding for a program of research in behavioral health fairs or law and normative inquiry, including one Microsoft/LAPA services. Fellow specializing in intellectual property or the legal regulation Preferred Qualifications of the economy. The remaining fellowships are not limited in their Research program focused on critical needs populations (e.g., juvenile choice of topics within the broad theme of legal studies. justice, corrections, abused and neglected children or adults, prevention, disparities), evidence-based practices, outcome research, or funding of Successful candidates will devote an academic year in residence health care services; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; at Princeton to engage in research, discussion, and scholarly col- ability to work collaboratively both within and outside the University; laboration. Fellows may also qualify to teach a graduate or under- knowledge of and experience with health policy and services research graduate course. Applicants should have a doctorate, JD or an related to mental health and substance abuse programs; teaching in be- equivalent professional postgraduate degree. havioral health services.

Salary The application deadline is November 15, 2007. Negotiable For more information and for instructions about the on-line appli- Start Date for Position cation process, visit the LAPA website at http://lapa.princeton.edu. Negotiable, but as soon as possible after approval of the selected appli- Princeton University is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action cant Employer. LAPA is co-sponsored by the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, the University Center for Hu- man Values, and Princeton University.

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 39 Notes From The Student Chair Dear APLS Student Member: I would like to take this opportunity to thank Peter Shore for the three years he served as Secretary/ Treasurer, Chair-Elect and Chair. While serving within these positions, Peter demonstrated outstanding leadership and an unwavering commitment to the entire APLS community. Thank you again Peter, and on behalf of the student section, we wish you the very best in all your future endeavors. Within this same vein, I would like to extend my sincere appreciation for those who self-nominated and voted in this year’s election. I am proud to announce that the voter turnout was at an all-time high. A special thanks is in order to Julie Singer, who served as web-editor for the past three years, for doing such a great job in maintaining our website and for facilitating all voting links. Thank you AP-LS again Julie for all your hard work and dedicated service. Student Officers E-mail Addresses Please join me in congratulating the new APLS Student Section officers. This cabinet is com- prised of uniquely talented and motivated leaders, committed to providing valuable resources Chair, Andrew Cassens and services to student members. [email protected] The 2007-2008 student officers are: Past Chair, Peter Shore Chair-Elect, Gianni Pirelli [email protected] Secretary/Treasurer, David Duke, M.A. Web Editor, Shannon Maney, M.A. Chair Elect, Gianni Pirelli Clinical Liaisons, Natasha Elkovitch, M.A. and Ryan Montes, M.A. [email protected] Experimental Liaisons, Andre Kehn, M.S. and Sarah Manchak, M.A. Law Liaison, Jennifer Hurwitz Secretary/Treasurer, David Duke APAGS Liaison, Jennifer Hurwitz [email protected] The primary initiative of the APLS Student Section for 2007-2008 will be to provide our student Web Editor, Shannon Maney members with opportunities to serve as active participants within the APLS community, fostering [email protected] increased student membership and collaboration with members of the professional community. It is my hope to introduce the Campus Representative Program within the next few weeks, which will Member-at-Large/Liasons (Clinical) provide the opportunity for students to serve as an APLS representative for their respected pro- Natasha Elkovitch gram. Our Chair-Elect is currently spearheading efforts for the student section to increase our [email protected] presence at the upcoming APLS conference in Jacksonville, Florida. We are hoping to accomplish Ryan Montes this feat by co-sponsoring committee sessions, having our initiatives included in the conference [email protected] program and acquiring an information booth where student officers can closely interact with confer- ence attendees. In addition, we are in the process of re-designing the student website, http:// Member-at-Large/Liasons (Experimental) www.unl.edu/ap-ls/student/index.html, in order to offer the most current information and resources Andre Kehn critical for professional development. We will be sure to keep you informed as these projects [email protected] progress. I would also like to remind students of the discussion board, which is accessible by going Sarah Manchak directly to http://aplsstudent.proboards61.com/. There are several topics relevant to academic [email protected] training, grants and scholarships, as well as employment opportunities during and after the comple- tion of your training. Please take the opportunity to join the discussion board and share your Member-at-Large/Liason (Law) opinions and comments with fellow psychology and law students. Jennifer Hurwitz [email protected] It is critical that students remain up-to-date on their membership dues! The student section membership contact list is sent to us periodically. Only dues-paying members are on that list. AP-LS Student Homepage If you have any questions regarding your membership status, please contact Lynn Peterson, www.aplsstudentsection.com/ Division 41, P.O. Box 638, Niwot, CO, 80544 ([email protected]). If you are no longer a student, I encourage you to contact Lynn to update your status. AP-LS Student E-mail [email protected] In the spirit of communication, I encourage students to contact me at any time with ideas and comments you feel should be addressed in the coming year. For general comments and the posting of announce- ments to the entire student section, please submit your emails to [email protected]. This year will prove to be a great one for our division, and I remain confident that our combined efforts will produce many wonderful things in the coming year. It will be an honor to lead our section, and I look forward to working with each you.

Best Wishes, Andrew Cassens, MA Page 40 Chair, American Psychology-Law Society Student Section AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Funding Opportunities AP-LS Interdisciplinary Research Grant Preference will be given to works with an empirical foundation, although they need not involve original data collection. The Executive Committee of the American Psychology-Law Applications should be submitted by e-mail with the subject line Society will offer up to $5000 in seed money to facilitate “Litigation Research Fund” to Patsy Engelhard, Executive Direc- interdisciplinary research projects. Up to two applications will be tor, ABA Section of Litigation, [email protected], with funded, both up to $5000. We have in mind projects that would a copy to Robert Nelson, Director, American Bar Foundation, bridge the gap between the discipline of psychology and law, on [email protected]. Applicants should submit a short statement the one hand, and other academic disciplines (e.g., medicine, describing the project and how it will be conducted; the form the sociology, political science, economics, public policy), on the other. final product will take (e.g., article or book); when it will be com- Applicants must make clear how the proposal is truly pleted; the importance of the project in light of the above criteria; interdisciplinary. We are particularly interested in proposals that and a project budget. A curriculum vita including a list of the advance theoretical development or propose methodological applicant’s prior publications should also be submitted. While innovations. Money can be used to cover travel and meeting there is no deadline, and awards will be made on a rolling basis, costs, data collection, pilot work, and other expenses related to priority consideration for the first awards will be given to submis- the research. Successful grantees will be expected to present the sions received by January 1, 2008. For additional information, results of their collaborative study at a meeting of the American contact: Professor Bruce Green, [email protected]. Psychological Association. Deadline for receipt of proposals is Wednesday January 15, 2008. American Society of Trial Consultants Applications are limited to a maximum of two single-spaced pages, exclusive of references. As relevant, applications must address 2007-2008 Student Research Grants rationale for the proposal, methodology, intended use of funds, expected outcome(s) of the project, and how it could lead to larger In order to promote and support empirical research applicable to inter-disciplinary funding opportunities. Applications also must the profession of trial consulting and the involvement of students explicitly describe how the research is truly interdisciplinary. in the American Society of Trial Consultants (ASTC), the ASTC Applications are limited to post-degree researchers. Research Committee is sponsoring Student Research Grants for a maximum of $500.00 per award. To apply, please email the two-page application, as well as the names, affiliations, and contact information of all researchers, to Applicants Lynn Peterson at [email protected]. Applicants must be currently enrolled and be in good standing in an undergraduate, graduate or professional school program at an accredited university or college. Applicants must also be student members of the ASTC. Students who are not current members Announcement of Funding Opportunity must include an application of membership when submitting ma- for Scholarship Relating to Litigation terials for the research grant. To learn more about the ASTC, visit our website The ABA Section of Litigation (the Section) announces the estab- at http://www.astcweb.org. lishment of The Litigation Research Fund to support original and practical scholarly work that significantly advances the under- Submission Guidelines standing of civil litigation in the United States. The Section an- Students should ELECTRONICALLY (i.e., by email) submit a short ticipates making individual awards of between $5,000 and $20,000. proposal (1500 word limit) including: Legal academics as well as social scientists and scholars from * A cover sheet stating the title of the project, and the applicant’s other disciplines are invited to apply. name, address, e-mail address, and phone number The Fund will be administered by a Section task force chaired by * An abstract summarizing the project Professor Bruce A. Green of Fordham University School of Law, * A description of the project’s purposes, theoretical rationale, and informed by advice from researchers convened by the Ameri- and research methodology can Bar Foundation, a leading research institute for empirical re- * The relevance of the research to the profession of trial consulting search on law. * The specific amount requested, including a budget The Litigation Research Fund will support research and writing * The project’s status with respect to the relevant institutional projects in two broad areas: First, scholarship relevant to litiga- human subjects review process tion policy; and second, scholarship bearing on litigation prac- * A brief resume of the student investigator tice. Funded scholarship may relate to judicial administration; * A letter of recommendation from a faculty sponsor judicial independence; rules and standards relating to litigation (e.g., ethics rules, rules of evidence, and rules of civil procedure); Award recipients must submit an update on their research project the assistance of counsel; trial and discovery practice; or the jury one year from the time the funds are disbursed. Upon completion process, among others. of the project, they must provide an Executive Summary describ- ing their results in a format suitable to be printed in Court Call, AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 41 Funding Opportunities ASTC’snewsletter. Materials must be received, at the address available within universities. Conference and other travel costs listed below, no later than December 7, 2007. The research com- are not funded. mittee will review all submissions for soundness of proposed re- search and relevance to the field of trial consulting. Awards will be Applicants should include a discussion of the feasibility of the announced in January 2007. research (e.g., if budget is for more than $750, indicate source of remaining funds). Note that a prior recipient of an AP-LS Grant- Send submissions to: in-Aid is only eligible for future funding if the previously Stanley L. Brodsky, Ph.D., Chair, ASTC Grants and Awards, De- funded research has been completed. Applicants should submit partment of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, proof that IRB approval has been obtained for the project and AL 35487-0348. Electronic Submissions only to: the appropriate tax form W-9 for US citizens and W-8BEN for [email protected] international students. If an applicant’s institution requires that checks be sent to the institution, the applicant is encouraged to contact the committee chair in advance.

Questions about the process can be sent to the committee chair: AP-LS/Division 41 Stipends [email protected] for Graduate Research Electronic submissions should be submitted via email to Lynn Peterson (AP-LS Administrative Assistant): The Division 41 Grants-in-Aid Committee is accepting propos- [email protected] als for small grants (maximum of $750) to support empirical graduate research that addresses psycholegal issues (the award Tax forms (see below for links) and proof of IRB approval can is limited to graduate students who are student affiliate mem- be emailed or FAXed to Lynn Peterson: bers of AP-LS). FAX: 303-652-2723 email: [email protected] There are two deadlines each year: W-9 Tax Form: www.ap-ls.org/students/fw9.pdf September 30 & January 31. W-8BEN Tax Form: www.ap-ls.org/students/fw8ben.pdf Interested individuals should submit a short proposal (a Committee members: maximum of 1500 excluding references) in an electronic format (preferably Word or PDF) that includes: Elizabeth Bennett (Chair), Washington and Jefferson College Robert Cochrane, U.S. Department of Justice (a) a cover sheet indicating the title of the project, name, Frank DiCataldo, Roger Williams University address, phone number, and email address of the investigator; Judy Platania, Roger Williams University. (b) an abstract of 100 words or less summarizing the project; (c) purpose, theoretical rationale, and significance of the project; Grants-in-Aid (d) procedures to be employed; (e) specific amount requested, Elizabeth Bennett: ([email protected]) including a detailed budget; and (f) references. The Grants in Aid Committee strives to encourage research across a range of psycholegal research topics. The committee If the application has previously received funding from the consists of two forensic clinical and two social/experimental committee, their application must also include an abstract psychological professionals. Committee members are employed describing their completed research. across both academic and non-academic settings in order to Budget items typically funded include (but are not limited to) promote research in underdeveloped areas of basic and applied payment of subjects, photocopying, purchase of testing research. This group has been proud of its ability to fund materials, software not typically provided via universities, and proposals for graduate level research across a range of institu- electronic media. The Committee does not typically provide tions while maintaining a balance between applied and theory- funds for computers (though peripherals may be funded), office driven research pertinent to law and psychology. The Grants in supplies and furniture (e.g., file cabinets), mileage, paying Aid Committee has two annual funding cycles with deadlines in research assistants, and software or equipment typically January and September. Please submit any inquiries to Elizabeth Bennett at [email protected].

Page 42 AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Conference and Workshop Planner The next American Psychology- Society for the Psychological American Academy of Forensic Law Society Study of Social Issues (SPSSI) Psychology Annual Meeting Convention Contemporary Issues in March 5 - 9, 2008 June 23-28, 2008 Forensic Psychology Jacksonville, FL Chicago, IL Jan. 8-13, 2008 Submission deadline: 1/12/08 Hilton Palacio Del Rio Mark it on your calanders!! San Antonio, TX For further information see For further information see www.spssi.org/convention.html For further information see www.ap-ls.org or page 1 www.aafp.ws

Law and Society Association European Association for American Academy of Forensic Annual Meeting Psychology & Law Psychology May 29 - June 1, 2008 Annual Meeting July 2-5, 2008 Contemporary Issues in Montreal, Quebec, CA Forensic Psychology Submission deadline: 12/12/07 Maastricht, Netherlands Feb. 6-10, 2008 For further information see For further information see Le Pavillion Hotel www.lawandsociety.org www.law.kuleuven.be/eapl/c&p.html New Orleans, LA

For further information see American Psychological www.aafp.ws Association Annual Meeting Association for August 14 - 17, 2008 Psychological Science American Academy of Forensic Boston, MA Annual Convention Psychology Submission deadline: 12/3/07 May 22 - 28, 2008 Contemporary Issues in Chicago, IL Forensic Psychology For further information see Submission deadline: 1/31/08 Mar. 5-9, 2008 www.apa.org/conf.html Hyatt Regency For further information see Jacksonville, FL APA-ABA National Conference: www.psychologicalscience.org Reconceptualizing Child Custody For further information see www.aafp.ws Apr. 30 - May 3, 2008 Chicago Marriot American Society of Criminology Chicago, IL November 12 - 15, 2008 St. Louis Adams Mark Note: The American Academy of Forensic Psychology will For further information email St. Louis, MO [email protected] Submission deadline: 3/14/08 continue to present workshops throughout 2007-2008 For further information see Dates and Locations will be International Association of www.asc41.com available at www.aafp.ws Forensic Mental Health Annual Meeting July 14 - 16, 2008 American Society of Trial Information regarding Vienna Medical Center Consultants upcoming conferences Vienna, Austria Various Conferences and Regional Meetings and workshops can be Submission deadline: 1/11/08 sent to Jennifer Groscup For further information see For further information see www.astcweb.org ([email protected]) www.iafmhs.org/iafmhs.asp

AP-LS NEWS, Fall 2007 Page 43 Grant Writing Planner

National Science Foundation Association for American Psychology-Law Law and Social Sciences Division Psychological Science Society Grants-in-Aid Travel Assistance Competition Maximum award: $750 Submission deadlines: Travel awards for the January 15th and August 15th, yearly APS Annual Convention Submission deadlines: January 31st and September 30th, For further information see Submission deadline: Mar. 31, 2008 yearly www.nsf.gov Student Research Award For further information see Awards and travel assistance for the page 42 APS Annual Convention for student first authors on submitted posters American Psychological National Science Foundation Submission deadline: Feb. 1, 2008 Association Law and Social Sciences Division FJ McGuigan Young Investigator Prize Dissertation Improvement RiSE-UP Research Award Awards of $25,000 for early career psychophysiological research Grants Awards and travel assistance for the APS Annual Convention for student first Submission deadline: Submission deadlines: authors on submitted posters with March 1, 2008 January 15th and August 15th, yearly research on underrepresented groups For information see For further information see Submission deadline: Mar. 31, 2007 www.nsf.gov www.apa.org/science/mcguigan.html For further information see www.psychologicalscience.org American Psychological American Psychological Association Association Various awards compiled by the Student Awards APA are available National Institute of Justice for psychologists Graduate Research Fellowship Various awards compiled by the To support dissertation research with APAGS are available for students criminal justice implications Submission deadlines: Various Submission deadline: For further information see November 28, 2007 www.apa.org/apags/members/ For further information see schawrds.html: www.apa.org/psychologists/ For information on NIJ funding for scholarships.html research on the criminal justice system National Institute of see www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij Mental Health Society for the Psychological Various Study of Social Issues (SPSSI) National Institute of Justice Submission deadline: Various Grants-in-Aid W.E.B. DuBois Fellowship To support research on cultural issues Maximum awards: For information on NIMH funding for and criminal justice Graduate Student: $1000 research on mental health see www.nimh.gov PhD Members: $2000 Submission deadline: February 1, 2008 Submission deadlines: Information regarding May 1, 2008 & October 1, 2008 For information on NIJ funding for available grants and awards can research on the criminal justice system For further information see see www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij be sent to Jennifer Groscup www.spssi.org ([email protected])

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