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Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1

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Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1 Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1 Published by the Central Statistics Office, Ireland April 2017 © Government of Ireland 2017 Material compiled and presented by the Central Statistics Office. Reproduction is authorised, subject to acknowledgement of the source. Further information is available at: http://www.cso.ie/en/aboutus/copyrightpolicy/ ISBN 978-1-4064-2761-5 Contents Page Foreword 5 1. Population change and historical perspective 7 We look at factors affecting population change over time 2. Geographical distribution 13 Population by constituency. We also examine the changing urban/rural divide 3. Age and sex composition 19 Looking at the age structure of the population and the changing sex ratio 4. Households and families 27 Marital status, living arrangements and families in Ireland 5. Diversity 45 Examining place of birth, immigration, nationality and foreign languages 6. Ethnicity and Irish Travellers 59 Our ethnic and cultural make-up and Irish Travellers 7. The Irish language 65 The Irish language and Gaeltacht areas in focus 8. Religion 71 Changes in religion since 2011 9. Housing 77 Examining occupied private households, heating, water and sewerage, rent and broadband Appendices 87 Foreword This report presents the first results of the 2016 Small area data census which was held on the 24th April last year. It covers overall population change, age, marital status, Small area data is an important output from the census households and families, as well as first results on and in July we will be bringing you a complete set of nationality, foreign languages, the Irish language, religion tables for different layers of geography, including some and housing. The second summary report, Census 2016 18,500 Small Areas, 3,409 Electoral Divisions, and 40 Summary Results - Part 2, (coming in June), will look Constituencies. at the remaining census topics such as employment, industries, occupations, education and skills and health Interactive maps related topics. While comprehensive results for each geographic area Detailed thematic profiles will be published on the CSO web site the All Ireland Research Observatory (AIRO) will, in cooperation with These two summary reports will be accompanied by the CSO, present census data in the form of thematic eleven thematic Profile reports, published electronically, maps (looking at a single theme for all areas) for various which will explore different topics in more depth. For geographic layers, to be released concurrently with each example Profile 1 will cover Housing in Ireland and publication. include new analysis and understanding of vacant dwellings; Profile 2 will look at population distribution Our aim is to bring census data alive in a fresh and and movements, while Profile 5 will cover Homeless exciting way, making it easy to understand and readily Persons in Ireland. By examining the census results in accessible for you our users. Just follow the census link more depth, topic by topic, it is hoped to get behind the from the web site. headline figures and provide a comprehensive picture of the demographic and socio-economic profile of Ireland in April 2016. A complete list of all reports due to be published, along with their planned publication dates, can be found on page 101. Pádraig Dalton Director General Web tables All the data published in these reports will be available on the CSO web site (at www.cso.ie/census) where users will be able to build and download tables in an easy to use format for their own analysis. 1. Population change and historical perspective Total population and change since 2011 Components of population change Province and county change Population change and historical perspective Population change Table 1.1 Population, 1956-2016 Census year Population Change % Census 2016 results show that Ireland’s population increased by 173,613 persons over the five years since 1956 2,898,264 -62,329 -2.1 April 2011, to reach 4,761,865 persons in April 2016. 1961 2,818,341 -79,923 -2.8 1966 2,884,002 65,661 2.3 This represents a total increase of 3.8 per cent over the 1971 2,978,248 94,246 3.3 5 years, or 0.8 per cent on an annual average basis. 1979 3,368,217 389,969 13.1 1981 3,443,405 75,188 2.2 This compares with an annual average increase of 1.6 per 1986 3,540,643 97,238 2.8 cent over the previous inter-censal period 2006 to 2011. 1991 3,525,719 -14,924 -0.4 1996 3,626,087 100,368 2.8 2002 3,917,203 291,116 8.0 2006 4,239,848 322,645 8.2 2011 4,588,252 348,404 8.2 It’s a fact! 2016 4,761,865 173,613 3.8 The population of Historic population trends 4,761,865 Ireland in April 2016 The population of Ireland has increased by almost 1.9 million over the past 60 years, rising from 2,898,264 in 1956 to 4,761,865 in 2016. The increase in the 173,613 population since The population at each census from 1956 to 2016 is April 2011 presented in Table 1.1. As can be seen, the population declined throughout the 1950s and early 1960s before beginning to increase in the late 1960s. This growth continued throughout the 1970s with almost 400,000 Figure 1.1 Total population and inter- added to the population between 1971 and 1979 (there censal change, 1956 - 2016 was no census in 1976). '000s The 1980s saw a return to slower growth as a result of 5,000 net outward migration with the population actually falling during the 1986-1991 inter-censal period. 4,500 Change 4,000 Thereafter it has grown in each decade through a 3,500 combination of natural increase and declining net 3,000 outward migration resulting in the current population 2,500 being almost 70 per cent larger than in 1961. 2,000 1,500 See web table EY001 1,000 500 0 -500 1956 1961 1966 1971 1979 1981 1986 1991 1996 2002 2006 2011 2016 8 Population change and historical perspective Figure 1.2 Annual average change in population components, 1966-2016 '000s 90 70 50 30 10 -10 -30 1966-1971 1971-1979 1979-1981 1981-1986 1986-1991 1991-1996 1996-2002 2002-2006 2006-2011 2011-2016 Net migration Natural increase Change in population High birth rate driving population growth It’s a fact! Population change is driven by three elements - births, deaths and net migration (immigration less emigration). The number of births Births less deaths is known as natural increase. 344,400 since Census 2011 During the most recent inter-censal period 2011 to 2016 natural increase has continued to be the main driver of The number of population growth in Ireland. 148,300 deaths since Census 2011 Over the past five years the natural increase in the population was 196,100, accounted for by 344,400 The natural increase births and 148,300 deaths. This is a fall of 30,000 on the 196,100 previous inter-censal figure of 226,100 and is due largely 2011 - 2016 to a fall in births of 22,800. Deaths increased by 7,200 over the period. 9 Population change and historical perspective Table 1.2 Components of population change, annual averages, 1961-2016 Change in Estimated net Births Deaths Natural increase population migration Period 000's 1961 - 1966 63 33 29 13 -16 1966 - 1971 63 33 30 19 -11 1971 - 1979 69 33 35 49 14 1979 - 1981 73 33 40 38 -3 1981 - 1986 67 33 34 19 -14 1986 - 1991 56 32 24 -3 -27 1991 - 1996 50 31 18 20 2 1996 - 2002 54 31 23 49 26 2002 - 2006 61 28 33 81 48 2006 - 2011 73 28 45 70 24 2011 - 2016 69 30 39 35 -4 Net migration since the 1986-1991 period and contrasts sharply with a net inflow of 115,800 during the previous inter-censal Net migration is derived as a residual of total population period of 2006 and 2011. change less natural increase. Table 1.2 presents the annual averages of the main Of the three factors that determine population change components of population change for the period 1961 to (births, deaths and net migration), from an Irish 2016. perspective net migration is by far the most influential, volatile and uncertain. The steady nature of the natural increase in the population over time contrasts sharply with the more In the five years to 2016 the population increased by volatile movements in net migration which ranged from 173,600 persons. With a recorded natural increase of an annual average outflow of 27,000 in the 1986-1991 196,100 over the period, total net migration is estimated period to an annual average inflow of 48,000 between at -22,500 (net outward flow). 2002 and 2006. As clearly illustrated in Figure 1.2 (previous page) this Immigration in the year to April 2016 is dealt with in more is the first inter-censal period of net outward migration detail later in this report on page 47. 10 Population change and historical perspective Leinster exceeds State growth Cities and counties While the population of all provinces grew, only Leinster Population change by county varied widely. Fingal grew grew faster than the State overall, increasing by 5.2 by 8 per cent over the five years, more than twice that per cent in the five years ending April 2016. Leinster of the state overall. Dublin city (5.1%), Dun Laoghaire- accounted for 55.3 per cent of the population in 2016 Rathdown (5.7%) and South Dublin (5.1%) all grew by compared with 54.6 per cent in 2011.
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