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Aalborg Universitet Journalism Of Aalborg Universitet Journalism of Relation Social constructions of 'whiteness' and their implications in contemporary Danish journalistic practice and production Blaagaard, Bolette Publication date: 2009 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication from Aalborg University Citation for published version (APA): Blaagaard, B. (2009). Journalism of Relation: Social constructions of 'whiteness' and their implications in contemporary Danish journalistic practice and production. Utrecht University. http://igitur- archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2009-0209-200853/UUindex.html General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. ? 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Downloaded from vbn.aau.dk on: September 26, 2021 JOURNALISM OF RELATION: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS OF ‘WHITENESS’ AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY DANISH JOURNALISTIC PRACTICE AND PRODUCTION JOURNALISTIEK VAN RELATIE: DE SOCIALE CONSTRUCTIES VAN ‘WITHEID’ EN DE IMPLICATIES IN HEDENDAAGSE PRAKTIJK EN PRODUCTIE VAN DE DEENSE JOURNALISTIEK (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. J.C. Stoof, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 20 februari 2009 des morgens te 10.30 uur door BOLETTE BENEDICTSEN BLAAGAARD geboren op 16 april 1975 te Faaborg, Denemarken Promotors: Prof.dr. R. Braidotti (UU) and Prof.dr. Rosemarie Buikema (UU) External supervisor: Prof.dr. Lilie Chouliaraki (LSE) TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................................5 PROLOGUE ..............................................................................................................8 Notes on interdisciplinarity....................................................................................9 Notes on methodology .........................................................................................13 Outline..................................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 1: ...............................................................................................................19 1.1 SITUATING MY THINKING AND MY APPROACH...................................19 1.2 PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE GENDER AND ‘RACE’ CRITICS ...........25 1.2.1 Merleau-Ponty, de Beauvoir and Fanon .....................................................25 1.2.2 Young and Butler........................................................................................27 1.2.3 Alcoff and Ahmed.......................................................................................29 1.3 CULTURAL APPROACHES AND USAGES OF PHENOMENOLOGY......31 1.3.1 African-American critique of white feminism............................................31 1.3.2 Anti-racist (white) feminists .......................................................................38 1.3.3 European scholarship..................................................................................39 1.3.4 Fascism, Colonialism, Euro-centrism........................................................41 1.3.5 The issue of secularity/religion...................................................................49 1.4 CONCLUDING CHAPTER ONE.....................................................................56 1.4.1 Ethics of difference; de Beauvoir, Braidotti and Glissant ..........................56 1.4.2 Final words..................................................................................................60 CHAPTER 2: ...............................................................................................................62 2.1 SITUATING THE FRAMEWORK PROPOSED IN THE CHAPTER............62 2.2 COMPOSING THE SOCIAL IMAGINARY ...................................................64 2.2.1 Production as creativity and becoming.......................................................66 2.2.2 Memory and History...................................................................................67 2.3 JOURNALISM OF RELATION .......................................................................70 2.3.1 Objectivity – epistemological, ethical and political....................................70 2.3.2 Service to the public....................................................................................74 2.3.3 Freedom of expression................................................................................75 2.4 THE JOURNALISTIC CULTURAL MEMORIES OF THE DANISH SOCIAL IMAGINARY ..........................................................................................................79 2.4.1 Research on Danish journalists and the other.............................................80 2.4.2 Research identifying white, religious bias in Danish journalism ...............80 2.4.3 Postcolonial theory and journalism.............................................................82 2.5 PERCEPTION OF/AS OTHER.........................................................................86 2.5.1 The professional journalist..........................................................................89 2.5.2 The personal journalist................................................................................91 2.6 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................93 2.6.1 The singular journalist-subjects and subjectivity........................................93 2.6.2 Final words..................................................................................................94 CHAPTER 3: ...............................................................................................................96 3.1 SITUATING THE JOURNALISM OF (COSMOPOLITAN) RELATION.....96 3.1.1 The embodied netizen.................................................................................97 3.1.2 The ‘global’ subject-position ......................................................................99 3.1.3 Becoming journalist-subject .....................................................................100 3.2 COSMOPOLITAN GLOBALISATION.........................................................102 3.2.1 Cosmopolitanism ......................................................................................102 3.2.2 Normative cosmopolitanism .....................................................................103 3.2.3 Analytical cosmopolitanism......................................................................108 3.2.4 Social cosmopolitanism ............................................................................111 3.2.5 Cosmopolitanism’s final word..................................................................114 3.3 DOING JOURNALISM DIFFERENTLY ......................................................116 3.3.1 Doing journalism with Deleuze ................................................................117 3.3.2 Cosmo-journalism.....................................................................................119 3.4 CONCLUDING REMARKS...........................................................................121 3.4.1 The experiment of journalism...................................................................122 3.4.2 Final words................................................................................................124 CASE STUDY 1:.......................................................................................................126 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE STUDIES................................................126 1.1 SITUATING THE US VIRGIN ISLANDS-DENMARK RELATIONS........127 1.2 ARCHIVES AND JOURNALISM..................................................................130 1.3 REMEMBERING HISTORY..........................................................................135 1.3.1 Religion and slavery in the Danish colonies.............................................138 1.3.2 The colonial press .....................................................................................140 1.4 DOCUMENTING HERITAGE: THE NARRATIVES IN SLAVERNES SLÆGT ................................................................................................................................141 2 1.4.1 Slavernes Slægt.........................................................................................142 1.4.2 On racial visibility.....................................................................................143 1.4.3 On geographical belonging:......................................................................145 1.4.4 On black musicality ..................................................................................147 1.4.5 On subaltern voice ....................................................................................149
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