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Ch 1-3 ALL W-Newch5-6 Fig&Tabs PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT/ REGULATORY IMPACT REVIEW/ REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS for Amendments 65/65/12/7/8 to the BSAI Groundfish FMP (#65), GOA Groundfish FMP (#65), BSAI Crab FMP (#12), Scallop FMP (#7), and the Salmon FMP (#8) and regulatory amendments to provide Habitat Areas of Particular Concern January 2005 Lead Agency: North Pacific Fishery Management Council Anchorage, Alaska Responsible Official: Chris Oliver North Pacific Fishery Management Council Anchorage, Alaska For Further Information Contact: Cathy Coon North Pacific Fishery Management Council 605 West 4th, Suite 306 Anchorage, AK 99501-2252 (907) 271-2809 Abstract: This Environmental Assessment, Regulatory Impact Review, and Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis evaluates alternatives to designate and conserve Habitat Areas of Particular Concern. Habitat Areas of Particular Concern (HAPC) are site-specific areas of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) of managed species. Identification of HAPCs provides focus for additional conservation efforts for those habitat sites that are ecologically important, sensitive to disturbance, exposed to development activities, or rare. This Environmental Assessment (EA) evaluates alternatives for designating HAPC sites in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) and the Aleutian Islands (AI) and implementing associated fisheries management measures to provide additional conservation of specified HAPC areas. Three separate actions are considered in this EA: (1) HAPC designation and conservation of seamounts, (2) HAPC designation and conservation of hard coral areas in the GOA, and (3) HAPC designation and conservation of hard coral areas in the Aleutian Islands. (This page is blank) HAPC EA-RIR-IRFA ii Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................xiii 1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION.......................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose and Need for Action.................................................................................................2 1.2.1 Problem Statement ...................................................................................................2 1.2.2 Purpose of Action.....................................................................................................2 1.2.3 Need for Action........................................................................................................2 1.3 Decisions to Be Made and Proposed Schedule.......................................................................3 1.4 Organization of the EA .........................................................................................................3 2.0 ALTERNATIVES INCLUDING THE PROPOSED ACTION..................................................4 2.1 NEPA Guidance for Alternatives ..........................................................................................4 2.2 Background and Alternative Formulation..............................................................................4 2.2.1 Relationship to the Environmental Impact Statement for Essential Fish Habitat .....................................................................................................................4 2.2.2 Overview of Previous Actions to Identify HAPCs.....................................................4 2.2.3 Development of Alternatives for this Analysis ..........................................................8 2.2.4 Review Process Leading to Alternatives for Analysis................................................9 2.3 Background Descriptions of the Alternatives.........................................................................9 2.3.1 Action 1 – HAPCs for Seamounts in the EEZ ...........................................................9 2.3.2 Action 2 – HAPCs for GOA (GOA) corals .............................................................10 2.3.3 Action 3 – HAPCs for Aleutian Island (AI) corals ..................................................10 3.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................35 3.1 Affected Environment at the Proposed HAPC Sites.............................................................35 3.1.1 Named Seamounts HAPC Sites ..............................................................................35 3.1.2 Biological Environment and Habitat Usage of Species............................................37 3.1.3 GOA HAPC Sites...................................................................................................39 3.1.4 Aleutian Island HAPC Sites....................................................................................41 3.1.5 Biological Environmental and Habitat Usage of Species .........................................43 3.2 Effects of Fishing Activities on Fish Habitat .......................................................................43 3.2.1 Non-pelagic Otter Trawls .......................................................................................44 3.2.2 Pelagic Trawls........................................................................................................48 3.2.3 Scallop Dredges .....................................................................................................50 3.2.4 Longlines ...............................................................................................................52 3.2.5 Pot Gear .................................................................................................................54 3.2.6 Troll Gear...............................................................................................................56 3.3 Effects of Non-fishing Activities on Fish Habitat ................................................................57 3.4 Regulatory Environment .....................................................................................................57 3.4.1 National Environmental Policy Act.........................................................................57 3.4.2 Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act..............................58 3.4.3 Regulatory Flexibility Act ......................................................................................59 3.4.4 Executive Order 12866...........................................................................................60 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE ALTERNATIVES...................................62 4.1 Background, Significance Analysis and Criteria for Proposed HAPCs.................................62 4.1.1 Effects on Habitat...................................................................................................63 4.1.2 Effects on Target Species .......................................................................................65 4.1.3 Economic and Socioeconomic Aspects of Federally-Managed Fisheries .................67 4.1.4 Effects on Other Fisheries.......................................................................................68 HAPC EA-RIR-IRFA iii 4.1.5 Effects on State of Alaska-Managed State Waters and Parallel Fisheries for Groundfish Species.................................................................................................72 4.1.6 Protected Species....................................................................................................73 4.1.7 Effects on the Ecosystem........................................................................................76 4.1.8 Effects on Non-fishing Activities............................................................................78 4.2 Consequences of HAPCs for Seamounts .............................................................................79 4.2.1 Effects on Habitat...................................................................................................79 4.2.2 Effects on Target Species .......................................................................................82 4.2.3 Effects on Economic and Socioeconomic Aspects of Federally Managed Fisheries .................................................................................................................83 4.2.4 Effects on Other Fisheries.......................................................................................83 4.2.5 Effects on Protected Species ...................................................................................85 4.2.6 Effects on Ecosystem .............................................................................................86 4.2.7 Effects on Non-fishing Activities............................................................................86 4.2.8 Summary of the Effects of the Alternatives under Action 1.....................................87 4.3 Consequences of HAPCs for GOA Corals...........................................................................87 4.3.1 Effects on Habitat...................................................................................................87 4.3.2 Effects on Target Species .......................................................................................91 4.3.3 Effects on Economic and Socioeconomic Aspects of Federally Managed Fisheries .................................................................................................................92 4.3.4 Effects
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